CN203011895U - Bacterial type root ultrasonic imaging phased array energy transducer of turbine blade - Google Patents
Bacterial type root ultrasonic imaging phased array energy transducer of turbine blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN203011895U CN203011895U CN 201320010658 CN201320010658U CN203011895U CN 203011895 U CN203011895 U CN 203011895U CN 201320010658 CN201320010658 CN 201320010658 CN 201320010658 U CN201320010658 U CN 201320010658U CN 203011895 U CN203011895 U CN 203011895U
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
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- NCGICGYLBXGBGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-morpholin-4-yl-1-oxa-3-azonia-2-azanidacyclopent-3-en-5-imine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[N-]1OC(=N)C=[N+]1N1CCOCC1 NCGICGYLBXGBGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010000372 Accident at work Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a bacterial type root ultrasonic imaging phased array energy transducer of a turbine blade, which has good acoustic beam accessibility and is capable of carrying out complete and accurate imaging detection on the bacterial type root of a complex geometrical blade. The bacterial type root ultrasonic imaging phased array energy transducer comprises a phased array energy transducer and wedge blocks, wherein the center frequency of the phased array energy transducer is 5-10MHz, the number of array elements is 16-32, the spacing between the array elements is 0.5-1mm, and the length of the array elements is 8-10mm; and the array elements formed by rectangular piezoelectric ceramics wafers are arranged in the direction parallel to the width direction of an energy transducer matrix in a linear manner and are embedded in the phased array energy transducer matrix with a deflection angle range of 15-75 DEG, the wedge blocks comprises a first wedge block with the bottom front cutting angle of 24.8 DEG and a second wedge block with a bottom rear cutting angle of 24.8 DEG, the first wedge block and the second wedge block are made of organic glass or polystyrene, and the acoustic velocity inside the first wedge block and the second wedge block is 2337m/s.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of ultrasonic imaging phased array transducing head, relates in particular to a kind of turbine blade bacterial type root ultrasonic imaging phased array transducing head.
Background technology
At present, steam turbine rotor vane is as the important metal parts of being supervised, except bearing huge alterante stress and moment of torsion, also to bear the impact of high temperature and high speed gas, blade bacterial type root is the part that blade is connected with wheel rim, in order to guarantee can be fixed on securely on impeller at any service condition lower blade, blade bacterial type root is imbedded in impeller inside.If there is defective in blade bacterial type root and can not in time finds, will phenomenon appear flying off blade in rotation process, cause serious industrial accident.Therefore, the important means that blade bacterial type root to be carried out preventive inspection be abatement apparatus hidden danger, guarantee unit safety operation.
Blade bacterial type root is widely applied in the ultra supercritical power generation unit, and take certain 600MW genset steam turbine as example, before its high pressure rotor secondary moving vane, middle pressure rotor three grades, end moving vane and low pressure rotor, the Pyatyi moving vane is blade bacterial type root.The shape of blade bacterial type root as shown in Figure 1, wherein, D1 is 75mm, D2 is 45.5mm, D3 is 17mm, D4 is 25mm, D5 is 33.5mm, included angle A is 24.8 °.Blade bacterial type root structure is complicated, and the stress concentration portion position is more, and defective is present in facial of bacterial type sector more.In present prior art, blade bacterial type root is detected the conventional Ultrasounds that adopt more to be detected, conventional Ultrasound detects the main pulsatile once reflectometry that adopts compressional wave, shear wave, blade bacterial type root the first sector face position only can be detected, and remainder almost all is in the state of lapsing.And, there are the many shortcomings of disturbing factor in testing process, very high to testing staff's requirement, detection accuracy is not good.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of turbine blade bacterial type root ultrasonic imaging phased array transducing head, has good acoustic beam accessibility, can carry out imaging inspection all-sidedly and accurately to the blade bacterial type root of complex geometric shapes.
The utility model adopts following technical proposals:
a kind of turbine blade bacterial type root ultrasonic imaging phased array transducing head, comprise phase array transducer and voussoir, described phase array transducer centre frequency is 5MHz-10MHz, array element number is 16-32, array element distance is 0.5mm-1mm, array element length is 8mm-10mm, the array element that is made of the rectangular piezoelectric ceramic wafer is being parallel to transducer matrix width direction layout with linear forms, be embedded in the phase array transducer matrix, the deflection angle scope is 15 °-75 °, described voussoir comprises that cutting angle before the bottom is that behind first voussoir of 24.8 ° and bottom, cutting angle is second voussoir of 24.8 °, the first voussoir and the second voussoir adopt organic glass or poly-the third ethene to make, the inner velocity of sound is 2337m/s.
Described the first voussoir and the second voussoir are provided with noise elimination rubber along sound beam direction, and noise elimination rubber is combined with the first voussoir and the second voussoir in the sawtooth mode, the first voussoir be connected voussoir and be connected with the transducer bolt by threaded hole.
Described phase array transducer is inverted T-shaped, long 28mm, wide 15mm, high 24mm.
the turbine blade bacterial type root ultrasonic imaging phased array transducing head that the utility model adopts has good acoustic beam accessibility, by using voussoir to change the ultrasound emission acoustic beam, make this acoustic beam can enter inner all the emphasis test section potential energies that cover of blade bacterial type root the workpiece of complex geometric shapes is carried out comprehensive imaging inspection, in the situation that do not move or few mobile probe, optimal control focal spot size, burnt district's degree of depth and sound beam direction, at detection speed, scope, resolution, the aspect such as signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and sensitivity all is improved, and imaging is directly perceived, defect reflection echo can accurately be located rapidly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of blade bacterial type root;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of phase array transducer described in the utility model;
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are the structural representation of the first voussoir described in the utility model;
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are the structural representation of the second voussoir described in the utility model;
When Fig. 7 is phase array transducer cooperation the first voussoir, acoustic beam covers simulate effect figure;
When Fig. 8 is phase array transducer cooperation the second voussoir, acoustic beam covers simulate effect figure.
Embodiment
turbine blade bacterial type root ultrasonic imaging phased array transducing head described in the utility model comprises phase array transducer 1 and voussoir, and described phase array transducer 1 is inverted T-shaped, long 28mm, wide 15mm, high 24mm, phase array transducer 1 centre frequency is 5MHz-10MHz, array element number is 16-32, array element distance is 0.5mm-1mm, array element length is 8mm-10mm, the array element that is made of the rectangular piezoelectric ceramic wafer is being parallel to transducer matrix width direction layout with linear forms, be embedded in phase array transducer 1 matrix, the deflection angle scope is 15 °-75 °, described voussoir comprises that cutting angle before the bottom is that behind first voussoir 2 of 24.8 ° and bottom, cutting angle is second voussoir 4 of 24.8 °, the first voussoir 2 and the second voussoir 4 adopt organic glass or poly-the third ethene to make, the inner velocity of sound is 2337m/s.The first voussoir 2 and the second voussoir 4 are provided with for the absorption interface reflective sound wave, reduce the noise elimination rubber that echo disturbs along sound beam direction, noise elimination rubber is with sawtooth mode and the first voussoir 2 and the second voussoir 4 combinations, the first voussoir 2 be connected voussoir 4 and be connected with the transducer bolt by threaded hole.
When existing phase array transducer 1 used, sound field distributed and secondary lobe and higher secondary lobe also can occur except main lobe.Graing lobe is the one of the main reasons that produces pseudomorphism, but the appearance of secondary lobe can reduce the energy of main lobe and the contrast resolution of system, also may cause pseudomorphism simultaneously.Depend primarily on the width of main lobe due to the transverse resolution of system, so reduce the transverse resolution that main lobe width can improve system, in sum, the design main principle of phase array transducer 1 described in the utility model is the optimization beam direction, suppressed sidelobes is eliminated graing lobe.
The major parameter that transducer relates to is: array element quantity is N, and the array element center distance is d, and array element width is α, and centre wavelength is λ.
For the purpose of better description beam direction, introduce a parameter η, it is defined as the ratio of direction acute angle and π, and formula is as follows:
θ wherein
sBe the angle of point sound source and linear array transducer interface normal, 0≤η in following formula≤1, the η value is less, and beam direction is better, and the direction acute angle is not subjected to the impact of α; Increase N, strengthen d or reduce λ and all can obtain lower η value, and N or d be when being tending towards infinite, the η value goes to zero.Due to the restriction that is controlled circuit and transducer volume and quality, when N is less (N＜8), the η value sharply descends but in actual applications; When N was tending towards infinite, the η value was close to zero; N〉after 32, the variation of η value is very small.Therefore as can be known, as d/ λ=1/2 and θ
sIn the time of=30 °, the array of 16 array elements can guarantee good beam direction.
For the linear matrix array, when d reaches a certain critical value
The time, first order graing lobe will occur.By determining the position of first order graing lobe peak sound pressure, can get critical array element distance
When considering α, the critical array element distance d of phased array
crBe different from
There is deviation delta d between the two.Can describe with following formula
By following formula as can be known, in a sizable scope, Δ d value almost can be left in the basket; When α is tending towards λ,
Value be tending towards infinitely great.In fact, α is always less than d, therefore have
By following formula as can be known, if when required deflection angle is enough large, α will be limited in a certain scope of λ.In addition, even array element quantity N is less, but enough hour of α/λ value,
Also can be left in the basket.This means that when deflection angle was larger, α was to d
crImpact can be left in the basket, namely available
Since approximate representation d
crWhen N is larger (as N〉16), along with the increase of N, Δ d sharply reduces.Therefore α is very faint on the impact of deflection characteristic.
In secondary lobe, the lobe of amplitude maximum is called first order secondary lobe, and its amplitude formula is:
By following formula as can be known, the first order secondary lobe amplitude of phased array is not only relevant with α, also is subject to N, d, λ, θ
sIsoparametric impact, and when N → ∞, H (θ
ps) → 2 π/3.Make η=H (θ
ps)/H
2(θ
ps), and
With θ
sWhen getting different value, α/λ value increases, H (θ
ps) value also increases (be that α is larger, beam direction is poorer); As α＜λ/2 and θ
sHour, α is to H (θ
ps) value impact less.
According to above-mentioned analysis as can be known, increase array element quantity N, reduce wavelength X, wave beam can obtain directive property preferably, also can suppress simultaneously first order secondary lobe amplitude, but in actual fabrication array element quantity the acoustic beam performance that forms of phased array is better more at most, focus is apparent in view.But cause circuit complicated, cost improves.And that array number is controlled at 16 to 32 effects is better.Cross acoustic beam poor-performing at least, high cost and improvement effect are not obvious at most excessively.Shorter wavelength X needs less array element distance, and this can be subject to the restriction of wafer fabrication technique.Ultrasonic frequency generally should be selected medium frequency, makes array element width become wider, thereby optimizes the acoustic beam main lobe; Also can guarantee simultaneously the advantage of ultrasound wave aspect directive property, penetration power.
Increase array element distance d and can improve the directive property of wave beam, but have one not only without being harmful to graing lobe but also keeping the best array element distance of good beam direction.The larger acoustic beam performance of array element centre distance is better, but centre distance crosses conference and more secondary lobe occurs, so should make the array element gap as far as possible little, limited by processing technology, and transducer array element described in the utility model gap value is 0.5mm-1mm.
Increase the amplitude that array element width α can suppress graing lobe, and when array element quantity was more, the impact of array element width on side lobe peak value was also very faint.The larger main lobe of array element width energy is more concentrated, is conducive to detect.Transducer array element width value described in the utility model is 10mm.
In sum, phase array transducer 1 described in the utility model uses centre frequency 7.50 * 10
6The array ultrasonic wave beam of Hz, getting array element centre distance is that 0.5mm, array element number are 16, can guarantee that acoustic beam directive property is good, sound field distributes and concentrates.
16 array elements are made of the rectangular piezoelectric ceramic wafer, and its length is embedded in phase array transducer 1 matrix much larger than self width, and array element is being parallel to transducer matrix width direction layout with linear forms.When carrying out sector scan, do not give simultaneously pulse excitation to above-mentioned array element wafer, but make the driving pulse that is applied to each array element wafer exist reasonable time poor, synthetic wave beam is deflected.Consider that assembling complete impeller clearance is less, detect for convenient, hand-held firm, and in conjunction with production and processing technology at present, phase array transducer 1 described in the utility model is designed to inverted T-shaped, and length is 28mm, width is 15mm, is highly 24mm, as shown in Figure 2.
As Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, the first voussoir 2 and the second voussoir 4 are made by organic glass or poly-the third ethene, the inner velocity of sound is 2337m/s, along sound beam direction, noise elimination rubber is set, be combined with the first voussoir 2 and the second voussoir 4 bodies in the sawtooth mode, the first voussoir 2 and the second voussoir 4 design threaded holes can be connected with phase array transducer 1 by bolt.For making the main velocity of sound point to blade bacterial type root 3 inside, before the first voussoir 2 bottoms, cutting angle M is 24.8 °, and behind the second voussoir 4 bottoms, cutting angle N is 24.8 °, and above-mentioned two angles can be coupled fully with blade bacterial type root 3 shoulders.
When using phased array transducing head described in the utility model to carry out the ultrasonic imaging detection to turbine blade bacterial type root 3, concrete steps are as follows:
1. select the phased array detector that possesses imaging function to be connected with phase array transducer 1;
2. at blade bacterial type root 3 steam admission side shoulders and steam output side shoulder position brushing couplant;
Phase array transducer 1 is fixing by threaded hole 5 and the first voussoir 2 3., form the phased array transducing head, because cutting angle before the first voussoir 2 bottoms is 24.8 °, can be coupled fully with blade bacterial type root 3 shoulders, thereby can make the main velocity of sound point to blade bacterial type root 3 inside.The first voussoir 2 and phase array transducer 1, the first voussoir 2 and blade bacterial type root 3 steam admission side shoulders and steam output side shoulder position all are coupled by couplant; Then excite successively the array element wafer according to default order, make the driving pulse that is applied to each array element wafer exist reasonable time poor, synthetic wave beam is deflected; At blade bacterial type root 3 steam admission side shoulders and steam output side shoulder, blade bacterial type root 3 is carried out sector scan, the sector scan start angle is 15 °-45 °, and termination point is 60 °-75 °, in the present embodiment, and 30 ° of start angles, 70 ° of termination points.As shown in Figure 7, scanning scope can cover the first tooth Zone Full, the first groove Zone Full, the second slot part zone of blade bacterial type root 3.Position take the reflection echo of the first groove front side arc surface of blade bacterial type root 3, the first tooth rear side arc surface and the second groove front side arc surface as the feature echo;
Phase array transducer 1 is fixing by threaded hole 6 and the second voussoir 4, form the phased array transducing head, because cutting angle behind the second voussoir 4 bottoms is 24.8 °, can be coupled fully with blade bacterial type root 3 shoulders, thereby can make the main velocity of sound point to blade bacterial type root 3 inside.The second voussoir 4 and phase array transducer 1, the secondth voussoir 4 and blade bacterial type root 3 steam admission side shoulders and steam output side shoulder position all are coupled by couplant; Then excite successively the array element wafer according to default order, make the driving pulse that is applied to each array element wafer exist reasonable time poor, synthetic wave beam is deflected; At blade bacterial type root 3 steam admission side shoulders and steam output side shoulder, blade bacterial type root 3 is carried out sector scan, the sector scan start angle is 15 °-45 °, and termination point is 60 °-75 °, in the present embodiment, and 30 ° of start angles, 70 ° of termination points.As shown in Figure 8, scanning scope can cover the second groove remainder zone, the second tooth Zone Full, three-flute Zone Full, the 3rd tooth Zone Full of blade bacterial type root 3.Position take the reflection echo of three-flute front arc, the 3rd increment face and blade bacterial type root 3 end faces of blade bacterial type root 3 as the feature echo;
4. the reflective sound wave signal that collects is converted phase array transducer 1 and the first voussoir 2 to electric signal fixedly the time, send into the phased array detector and preserve imaging, transfer blade bacterial type root 3 workpiece profile figure, regulate the workpiece dimension of picture, make workpiece figure relevant position correspond to the reflection wave position, reflection wave namely can be considered actual reflection, adjusts simultaneously the first sector face reflection wave height to all over the screen 80%, and sweeping poor sensitivity is benchmark reflection wave gain 10dB; The reflective sound wave signal that collects is converted phase array transducer 1 and the second voussoir 4 to electric signal fixedly the time, send into the phased array detector and preserve imaging, transfer blade bacterial type root 3 workpiece profile figure, regulate the workpiece dimension of picture, make workpiece figure relevant position correspond to the reflection wave position, reflection wave namely can be considered actual reflection, adjusts simultaneously the first sector face reflection wave height to all over the screen 80%, and sweeping poor sensitivity is benchmark reflection wave gain 10dB.
In imaging process, if it is intermittently regional that fanning beam runs into acoustic impedance, such as structural interface, defect interface etc., both can launch, image is the display defect position intuitively, and the amplitude of reflected signal and phase place comprise the information such as the size, shape, character of reflector space.The staff can be by the image interpretation defect information of phased array detector final production.
5. carried out grade estimation and record to examining blade bacterial type root 3.
Claims (3)
1. turbine blade bacterial type root ultrasonic imaging phased array transducing head, comprise phase array transducer and voussoir, it is characterized in that: described phase array transducer centre frequency is 5MHz-10MHz, array element number is 16-32, array element distance is 0.5mm-1mm, array element length is 8mm-10mm, the array element that is made of the rectangular piezoelectric ceramic wafer is being parallel to transducer matrix width direction layout with linear forms, be embedded in the phase array transducer matrix, the deflection angle scope is 15 °-75 °, described voussoir comprises that cutting angle before the bottom is that behind first voussoir of 24.8 ° and bottom, cutting angle is second voussoir of 24.8 °, the first voussoir and the second voussoir adopt organic glass or poly-the third ethene to make, the inner velocity of sound is 2337m/s.
2. turbine blade bacterial type root ultrasonic imaging phased array transducing head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the first voussoir and the second voussoir are provided with noise elimination rubber along sound beam direction, noise elimination rubber is combined with the first voussoir and the second voussoir in the sawtooth mode, the first voussoir be connected voussoir and be connected with the transducer bolt by threaded hole.
3. turbine blade bacterial type root ultrasonic imaging phased array transducing head according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described phase array transducer is inverted T-shaped, long 28mm, wide 15mm, high 24mm.
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| CN 201320010658 CN203011895U (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Bacterial type root ultrasonic imaging phased array energy transducer of turbine blade |
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| CN 201320010658 CN203011895U (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2013-01-09 | Bacterial type root ultrasonic imaging phased array energy transducer of turbine blade |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103018334A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-04-03 | 河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Ultrasonic imaging detecting method of mushroom type root part of blades of steam turbine and phased array energy transduction device |
| CN103698405A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-02 | 国家电网公司 | Ultrasonic imaging detection phased array transduction device for blade fir-type root of turbine |
| CN104777223A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2015-07-15 | 中国石油天然气第一建设公司 | Ultrasonic detection scanner for welding joint of double-channel bent tube |
-
2013
- 2013-01-09 CN CN 201320010658 patent/CN203011895U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103018334A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-04-03 | 河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Ultrasonic imaging detecting method of mushroom type root part of blades of steam turbine and phased array energy transduction device |
| CN103018334B (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2015-06-10 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Ultrasonic imaging detecting method of mushroom type root part of blades of steam turbine and phased array energy transduction device |
| CN104777223A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2015-07-15 | 中国石油天然气第一建设公司 | Ultrasonic detection scanner for welding joint of double-channel bent tube |
| CN104777223B (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2018-06-19 | 中国石油天然气第一建设有限公司 | A kind of binary channels corner bead ultrasound examination scanner |
| CN103698405A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-02 | 国家电网公司 | Ultrasonic imaging detection phased array transduction device for blade fir-type root of turbine |
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