Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of World Economics and the rapid expansion of population, the ground surface environment that the mankind depend on for existence constantly worsens, and land resources day is becoming tight, the development and utilization of the countries in the world pay attention to day by day underground space.In this process, build on a large scale and become trend across the basin deep-lying long tunnels.Due to the cut and cover tunneling tunnel that adopts in urban construction, can be to surface structures, underground utilities, especially urban traffic causes great interference.The advantage of shield structure technology is and need not removes in a large number, need not excavate ground, noiselessness on ground, without dust, do not disturb residents, and all adopt automation to control, programming is very fast.It is that a kind of engineering that can reduce is polluted, the construction technology that can significantly save again construction investment.Therefore, adopt shield method at the urban construction subterranean tunnel, will become inexorable trend.
Wherein, push-bench is a kind of high mechanization that integrates the technology such as machinery, electronics, hydraulic pressure, laser and control of shield method and excavation lining cutting a complete set of equipment of automation of adopting, a kind of by the rotation of Motor Drive cutterhead, hydraulic cylinder propelling, make cutterhead be adjacent to the rock wall under certain pushing force effect, by being arranged on the disk cutter fractured rock on cutterhead, make the one-time formed large-scale engineering machinery of tunnel cross-section.
At present, push-bench adopts the dish type cutterhead usually, form the circular tunnel section, then the push-bench of this structure in underground pedestrian passageway etc. is shaped as main tunnel construction with rectangular cross section, has increased unnecessary driving area and land acquisition amount, makes day by day valuable being becoming tight underground land resources day, in addition, after adopting this method, need to circular tunnel construct complete after more in addition lining cutting form Rectangular Tunnel, will increase unnecessary workload and construction costs.Therefore, the rectangular pipe jacking machine research and development have become inexorable trend, and publication number is that the patent of CN201351487 discloses a kind of rectangular pipe jacking machine, and the concrete structure of this push-bench is referring to Fig. 1.This push-bench comprises that the cross section is the shield body 1 of rectangle, with setting and the multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system on it, this multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system comprises the large cutterhead 11 that is arranged at shield body 1 middle part, with 4 pocket knife dishes 12 that are arranged on four angles, and 4 pocket knife dishes 12 have satisfied rectangular cross section one-shot forming requirement in large cutterhead 11 back by this cutterhead arrangement.Further according to the construction effect figure of this rectangular pipe jacking machine shown in Fig. 2 as can be known, at large cutterhead 11 and pocket knife dish 12, and formed cutterhead be beyond one's reach cutting blind area 2 between the circular Cutting trajectory of pocket knife dish 12.The area of cutting blind area 2 increases along with the increase of excavation area, like this, the existence of cutting blind area has not only reduced the utilization rate of subterranean resource, and excavation area is when increasing to a certain degree, can hinder the further propelling of push-bench shield body, thereby cause push-bench to work on.
In view of this, demand urgently improving for existing push-bench, to solve the problem that has the cutting blind area in its work progress.
The utility model content
For defects, the technical problem that the utility model solves is, the structure of push-bench of the prior art is improved, to solve the problem of the cutting blind area that exists in the push-bench work progress.
A kind of push-bench that the utility model provides, comprise the shield body, advance the drive system of described shield body and be arranged at multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system on described shield body, also comprise the blind area cutting system that comprises a plurality of cut system that is arranged on described shield body, each described cut system comprises the base of tool that is provided with a plurality of cut cutters, and drives the power source that the described base of tool rotates.
Preferably, the described base of tool is specially cylinder, and described power source drives described cylinder by gear transmission unit.
Preferably, described cut cutter is arranged in the shape of a spiral.
Preferably, described blind area cutting system also comprises a plurality of cutting knifes that are fixed in described shield body forward position.
Preferably, each described cutting knife is fixed by welding-on technique.
Preferably, any two adjacent described cutterheads of described multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system superpose on axial location.
Preferably, described cutterhead quantity is even number, and divides equally two groups and be arranged in parallel.
Preferably, the radius of clean-up of each described cutterhead equates.
Preferably, described shield body comprises anterior shield body and backing body, and both are hinged by deviation-rectifying system.
Preferably, comprise that also an end is in communication with the outside, the conveying worm that the other end is communicated with the clay bin of described anterior shield body.
A kind of push-bench that the utility model provides, comprise the shield body, advance the drive system of shield body and be arranged at multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system on the shield body, also comprise the blind area cutting system that comprises a plurality of cut system that is arranged on the shield body, each cut system comprises the base of tool that is provided with a plurality of cut cutters, and drives the power source that the base of tool rotates.
In the course of work, drive system promotes the shield body and advances in the tunnel internal linear, and meanwhile, startup multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system and blind area cutting system are completed the cutting to the tunnel soil body jointly.
Compared with prior art, adopt this push-bench that comprises the blind area cutting system, solved push-bench of the prior art because the cutting that exists the cutting blind area to cause is insufficient, and the problem that thus the further propelling action of push-bench is formed obstruction, therefore, this programme maximizes excavation area on the unimpeded and safe basis that guarantees the push-bench course of work, thereby improved the utilization rate to underground space, avoided the waste to underground resource.
The specific embodiment
Core of the present utility model is, a kind of push-bench is provided, and solving push-bench of the prior art owing to existing the cutting cutting that causes of blind area insufficient, and thus the further propelling action of push-bench is formed the problem that hinders.
Without loss of generality, illustrate the specific embodiment of push-bench in the utility model below in conjunction with Figure of description.
See also Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, wherein, the master that Fig. 3 shows the push-bench that the utility model provides looks schematic diagram, and Fig. 4 shows the A-A cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 shows the B partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 4.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the push-bench that this programme provides, comprise shield body 1, advance the drive system of shield body 1 and be arranged at multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system on shield body 1, also comprise the blind area cutting system that contains a plurality of cut system 3 that is arranged on the shield body, each cut system 3 comprises that helical form is provided with the cylinder 31 of a plurality of cut cutters 32, and the first drive motors 33 of rotating of head roll 31.
Start drive unit promotion shield body 1 and carry out linear advancement in the tunnel, meanwhile, start multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system and blind area cutting system and rotate, thereby the full section of jointly completing the tunnel soil body cuts.
Compared with prior art, adopt this push-bench that comprises the blind area cutting system, solved push-bench of the prior art because the cutting that exists the cutting blind area to cause is insufficient, and the problem that thus the further propelling action of push-bench is formed obstruction, therefore, this programme maximizes excavated section on the unimpeded and safe basis that guarantees the push-bench course of work, thereby improved the utilization rate to underground space, avoided the waste to underground resource.
For the concrete structure of more specific description blind area cutting system with and with the position relationship of shield body 1, the existing concrete structure that shield body 1 is described in conjunction with Fig. 4.Shield body 1 comprises anterior shield body 11 and backing body 12, and both are hinged by deviation-rectifying system 6.Anterior shield body 11 is divided into clay bin 111 and is driven storehouse 112 by dividing plate 13.The cylinder that is provided with cut cutter 32 31 of cut system 3 is positioned at clay bin 111, the first drive motors 33 is fixed in to be positioned on dividing plate 13 and drives storehouse 112, the driving shaft of the first drive motors 33 passes dividing plate 13 and slows down by planetary reducer, again by Bevel Gear Transmission, drive cylinder 31 rotations and make that on it, cut cutter 32 carries out cutwork.
It is to be noted, this programme adopts the base of tool of drum-type, simple in structure, thereby design process and the processing technology of the base of tool have been simplified, and the axial line of cylinder 31 is vertical with the cutter axis of multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system, therefore the final cutting section that forms is rectangle, is non-circular push-bench thereby be applicable to Cutting trajectory.
In addition, because the axial line of this programme intermediate roll 31 is vertical with the driving shaft of the first drive motors 33, realize being in transmission connection by bevel gear, therefore have compact conformation, transmission efficiency high.Be appreciated that on the basis of satisfying function and assembly technology requirement, this programme also can adopt the kinds of drive known in those skilled in the art such as band transmission, chain transmission.Certainly, on the basis of satisfying the assembly technology requirement, the first drive motors 33 in this programme also can with cylinder 31 coaxial design, can simplify the structure of whole cutting mechanism.Further, the base of tool in this programme can be selected the dise knife dish that is directly driven by drive motors.
Additionally, cut cutter 32 in this programme is arranged in the external surface of cylinder 31 by helical form, by this arrangement in cylinder 31 rotary courses, cut cutter 32 is pushed down into the soil body in the effect in shield body 1 propulsive force, one of front extrudes groove to cut cutter 32 on the soil body, continue cut cutter 32 to this soil ditch groove roll extrusion one of back, and its fragmentation is burst apart.Certainly, on the basis of satisfying cutting function and technological requirement, the cut cutter 32 in this programme also can equidistantly be arranged along the direction of axis line of cylinder 31.
Further, multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system in this programme is positioned at the front end of clay bin 111, this system specifically comprises six cutterheads 21, and the cutter chuck holder adapted of each cutterhead 21 is fixed on dividing plate 13, and the power source that drives cutterhead 21 rotational action is fixed in to be positioned on dividing plate 13 and drives storehouse 112.Wherein, six cutterheads 21 with three the mode after first three arrange, and two cutterheads 21 of arbitrary neighborhood are overlapping on axial location, the back side of this external each cutterhead 21 is provided with stirring bar 211.
Need to prove, in this programme by three after first three, and two cutterheads 21 of arbitrary neighborhood overlapping arrangement on axial location, the formed theoretical excavation area of this cutting system can be 95% left and right of whole cross-sectional area, thereby can reduce the area of cutting blind area.In addition, six cutterhead 21 radius of clean-up in this programme are identical, so the cutting force that produces in working angles is even and the stability of rotation of circular beater plate, thereby reduced the disturbance to surrounding soil, can control well surface settlement, guarantee reliability and safety in the push-bench work progress.The stirring radius that is appreciated that the stirring bar 211 that is fixed in each cutterhead 21 backs is identical, thereby has guaranteed to make it have better mobility and plasticity to cutting the mixing uniformity of the rear soil body.
In addition, consider from processing and the assembly technology of whole equipment, adopt the cutterhead 21 of same radius can make the drive unit of each cutterhead also identical, therefore, simplified the technique of design, processing and the assembling of multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system, thereby shortened the equipment process-cycle, reduced its manufacturing cost.
Need to prove, in this programme in multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system cutterhead 21 quantity be six, finally formed the rectangular pipe jacking machine consistent with the shield shape by above-mentioned arrangement.Certainly, according to the concrete condition in the practice of construction process, in the multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system in this programme, cutterhead quantity also can differ from quantity in this programme for four or eight etc.Therefore, the cutterhead varying number does not consist of the restriction to this programme protection domain.Be appreciated that the blind area cutting system in this programme, and the arrangement of any two adjacent cutterhead axle center location overlaps, be also non-circular push-bench applicable to other Cutting trajectories, for example Cutting trajectory is leg-of-mutton push-bench.
As previously mentioned, in this programme, cut cutter 32 is arranged in clay bin 111, certainly will cause like this inadequate problem of the peripheral soil cutting of shield body 1, for this reason, this programme in the opening forward position of anterior shield body 21 along circumferential welding-on a plurality of cutting knifes 4, cutting knife 4 cuts the soil body of push-bench periphery by the effect of shield body 1 propulsive force.
It is pointed out that cutting knife 4 concrete quantity basis shield body actual size and decide, so what of the quantity of otch 4 do not consist of the restriction to this programme protection domain.In addition, cutting knife 4 in this programme is to be fixedly connected with anterior shield body 21 by welding-on technique, increased the coordinate area of cutting knife 4 with anterior shield body 21 by this design, both weld strengths have been strengthened, prevented that cutting knife breaks away from the generation of problem from the shield body when being subject to larger vertical force, thereby extended the application life of cutting knife 4, reduced maintenance cost.Be appreciated that and satisfying on the basis that bonding strength and processing technology require, the cutting knife in this programme also can be threaded connection, the mode of riveted joint or common welding is fixed.
As previously mentioned, multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system in this programme and the cutterhead of blind area cutting system 3 and cut cutter all are arranged in clay bin 111, therefore the soil body after the cutting is deposited on clay bin 111 bottoms after stirring rod 213 stirs, then is delivered to outside machine by conveying worm 5.As shown in Figure 2, conveying worm 5 in this programme is for being built-in with the steel pipe of spiral blade 51, the one end is communicated with clay bin 211, the other end is communicated with push-bench is outside, the second drive motors 52 that is fixed on outer wall of steel pipe drives spiral blade 51 rotations by gear drive, thereby the soil body is delivered to outside machine.
Need to prove, on the basis of satisfying functional requirement and assembly technology requirement, the conveyer in this programme also can adopt other structures that differ from this programme.
Further, shield body 1 in this programme comprises anterior shield body 21 and backing body 22, and both are hinged by deviation-rectifying system 6, and the deviation-rectifying system 6 in this programme is comprised of many group oil cylinders, and before and after making by different actions, housing has a small angle to adjust the direction of driving.The concrete structure that is appreciated that deviation-rectifying system 6 is prior art, and those skilled in the art can realize fully according to prior art, therefore do not repeat them here.
Push-bench in this programme also comprises the hydraulic system of the linear displacement that promotes shield body 1, and controls the electrical control system 7 of each system acting in push-bench.Be appreciated that in we that the function element in hydraulic system and electrical control system 7 and the annexation between them are prior art, those skilled in the art can realize fully by prior art, therefore do not repeat them here.
At last, describe its course of work of brief introduction in conjunction with the structure of above push-bench: the push-bench in this programme utilizes the earth pressure balance principle, jointly complete cutting to the soil body by multi-cutter-disk combined type cutting system 2 and blind area cutting system 3, by conveying worm 5, the soil body that cuts is transported to outside machine again, then deliver to ground with special earth force feed device or artificial trolley, hydraulic system provides thrust power for shield body 1, meanwhile, utilize the direction of 6 pairs of push-bench of deviation-rectifying system to control, thereby jointly complete the headwork in tunnel.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, does not consist of the restriction to the utility model protection domain.Any any modification of doing within spirit of the present utility model and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in claim protection domain of the present utility model.