A kind of rare earth, tungsten extraction waste gas treatment device
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of rare earth, tungsten extraction waste gas treatment device, is specially the device of the processing extraction waste gas that adopts catalytic oxidation technology and the coupling of alkali formula spraying technique.
Background technology
In recent years, rare earth, tungsten are smelted and are separated enterprise and generally use the organic solvent such as P507, aphthenic acids, kerosene and hydrochloric acid as extractant, diluent, because organic solvent and the as easy as rolling off a log volatilization of hydrochloric acid, be the important component part that rare earth and tungsten are smelted the acid organic exhaust gas that separates enterprise, the discharging of a large amount of acid organic exhaust gas is main causes that rare earth, tungsten separate enterprise's air environmental pollution.Be discharged in the air without the organic exhaust gas of administering in a large number, can cause and smelt organic exhaust gas concentration increasing in the extraction hall of separating enterprise, equipment is caused heavy corrosion, the health of separating the practitioner of enterprise is smelted in serious harm; In the organic acidity toxic emission atmospheric environment, can pollute smelting the surrounding enviroment of separating enterprise, the volatile organic waste gas that peripheral resident sucks trace for a long time can cause slow poisoning, and immunocompetence descends, the caused Acute Chemical property pneumonia of severe patient.On the other hand, this organic exhaust gas has inflammable and explosive characteristic, deposits for a long time in the confined space of smelting the separating and extracting workshop, can cause the potential safety hazard in the regional area in the workshop.Simultaneously, the inorganization of a large amount of organic exhaust gas or the inorganization toxic emission of enterprise is exceeded standard without the discharging of administering not only produces serious influence to earth environment, but also is one of reason that causes Atmospheric Photochemical Smog, greenhouse effects and depletion of the ozone layer.Therefore, seek efficient, reliable method improvement and the acid organic exhaust gas of purification because adopting the extract and separate production technology to produce, oneself becomes the active demand that current smelting separates enterprise.
At present, rare earth, tungsten enterprise that great majority are smelted in separating adopt extraction tank water-stop technique to prevent that the organic exhaust gas in the extraction tank from overflowing into environment, but because water seal can not stop the organic components of extraction surface, hydrochloric acid to overflow liquid level, a large amount of acid organic exhaust gas that overflow just are gathered in the extraction tank, when water seal lack of water or cell body maintenance, can be discharged into equally in the environment, can not stop acid organic exhaust gas body fully to the pollution of atmospheric environment.Part smelting separation enterprise will seal the organic exhaust gas of collecting and adopt the technique of alkali formula spray to process, can only remove the HCl gas in the acid organic exhaust gas, can not effectively administer the composition of wherein organic solvent, can cause the toxic emission severe overweight equally.
Summary of the invention
Problem for above-mentioned prior art existence, the acid VOCs treatment device that the utility model purpose is to provide a kind of smelting of efficient stable to produce in the extraction production process in separating, adopt the mode of catalytic oxidation and alkali formula spray coupling, solved the problem that the extraction waste gas of smelting separation industries can't thoroughly purify, made extraction waste gas qualified discharge.
In order to reach as above purpose, the utility model is taked following technical scheme: a kind of rare earth, tungsten extraction waste gas treatment device, comprise gas collection blower fan, catalytic oxidation tower, alkali formula spray column, blower fan and aiutage, described gas collection fan outlet is connected with described catalytic oxidation tower bottom, described catalytic oxidation top of tower is connected with described alkali formula spray column bottom, described alkali formula spray column top is connected with described air inlet, and described fan outlet is connected with described aiutage bottom.
Described catalytic oxidation tower bottom is connected with ozone generator by microporous aeration device, and waste gas is carried out catalytic oxidation treatment.
Be provided with three kinds of packing layers in the described catalytic oxidation tower, be respectively catalytic oxidation packing layer, catalytic oxidation packing layer and adsorption stuffing layer, described catalytic oxidation packing layer is used for changing the distribution of water, gas, increases reaction contact area; The carrying out of described catalytic oxidation packing layer accelerating oxidation reaction, but adsorption stuffing layer stop portions larger molecular organics.
Described catalytic oxidation tower top is provided with spray equipment, the recirculated water that has added oxidant and surfactant of absorption reaction tower bottom, and surfactant can improve organic water-soluble, makes it change into solubility.
Packing layer and sprinkling equipment are three grades in the described catalytic oxidation tower, are respectively: three grades of packing layers, secondary packing layer, one-level packing layer and three grades of spray equipments, secondary spray equipment, one-level spray equipment.
Described alkali formula spray column inner top is provided with anti-fog layer, and the centre is provided with filler and spray equipment, and described filler and spray equipment are divided into three grades.Described every one-level filler all contains catalytic oxidation packing layer and catalytic oxidation packing layer.
Described alkali formula spray column is provided with alkali lye and adds pipe and probe tube, can monitor solution in the spray column.
In the described alkali formula spray column alkaline absorption solution is housed, when the certain all after dates of absorption liquid circulation, concentrates purified treatment after collecting, do not produce secondary pollution.
Described gas collection blower fan is the Corrosion Protection of Fiber Reinforced Plastics blower fan, and fan delivery can be collected fully to extraction waste gas.
Described aiutage height is 15-30m, preferred 23-27m.By " rare-earth industry pollutant emission standard ", acid waste gas discharge drum height is not less than 25m, and by " tungsten emission of industrial pollutants standard ", acid waste gas discharge drum height is not less than 15m.
Device described in the utility model is sent into the catalytic oxidation tower bottom with the extraction plant waste gas that waste gas is collected through collection conduit by the gas collection blower fan, flows to cat head at the bottom of tower; The ozone that ozone generator produces enters tower bottom can form rich ozone liquid with the liquid of bottom behind microporous aeration device, the part ozone gas is overflowed and upwards flowed with waste gas.On the one hand, the rich ozone liquid that contains of tower bottom flows downward with the spray that pump rises to three packing layer tops, produces adverse current, oxidation organic exhaust gas with the waste gas that makes progress; On the other hand, when the part ozone gas is passed through the catalytic oxidation packing layer in uphill process, can carry out oxidation reaction with the organic exhaust gas that is adsorbed on filling surface, continue again the absorption organic exhaust gas after making catalytic oxidation filler regeneration, effectively remove organic components in the waste gas by continuous oxidation.
Enter alkali formula spray column through the waste gas after the catalytic oxidation treatment through catalytic oxidation spray column top duct, waste gas upwards flows in the tower; The alkali lye that store spray column bottom is promoted to inner-tower filling material layer top by pump and sprays, and carries out reverse flow with waste gas to the upper reaches, and both carry out neutralization reaction in the packing area.By neutralization reaction, the HCl in the waste gas is removed, reach the purpose of purification, the waste gas after the processing is sent into the aiutage high altitude discharge by blower fan.
Than prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) provide a kind of novel rare earth, tungsten extraction waste gas treatment device, this device is the purification techniques coupling of adopting catalytic oxidation, alkali absorb method, does not have high temperature and naked light part in the technique, and is safe, meets explosion-proof requirement;
(2) liquid absorption method can absorb multiple pollutant simultaneously, and technological process is simple, and equipment investment, operating cost are relatively low;
(3) the utility model is real green method, does not have to use harmful chemicals, and energy demand is cheap, does not produce secondary pollution, and stable and reliable operation, treatment effeciency is high, removal effect is obvious.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is waste gas treatment device schematic diagram described in the utility model;
Fig. 2 is waste gas treatment device catalytic oxidation tower packing structure chart described in the utility model;
Fig. 3 is this practical described waste gas treatment device alkali formula spray column filling-material structure figure;
Wherein: 1-catalytic oxidation tower, 2-alkali formula spray column, 3-blower fan, the 4-ozone generator, 5-aiutage, 6-spray head, three grades of packing layers of 7-, 8-secondary packing layer, 9-one-level packing layer, three grades of spray equipments of 10-, 11-secondary spray equipment, 12-one-level spray equipment, 13-microporous aeration device, 14-anti-fog layer, three grades of fillers of 15-alkali formula spray column, 16-alkali formula spray column secondary filler, 17-alkali formula spray column one-level filler, three grades of spray equipments of 18-alkali formula spray column, 19-alkali formula spray column secondary spray equipment, 20-alkali formula spray column one-level spray equipment, 21-gas collection blower fan, 22-adsorption stuffing layer, 23-catalytic oxidation packing layer, 24-catalytic oxidation packing layer, the 25-probe tube, 26-adds pipe.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is further specified.
Embodiment 1
A kind of rare earth as shown in Figure 1, tungsten extraction waste gas treatment device, comprise gas collection blower fan 21, catalytic oxidation tower 1, alkali formula spray column 2, blower fan 3 and aiutage 5, described gas collection blower fan 21 air outlets are connected with described catalytic oxidation tower 1 bottom, described catalytic oxidation tower 1 top is connected with described alkali formula spray column 2 bottoms, described alkali formula spray column 2 tops are connected with described blower fan 3 air inlets, and described blower fan 3 air outlets are connected with described aiutage 5 bottoms.
Embodiment 2
A kind of rare earth as Figure 1-3, tungsten extraction waste gas treatment device, comprise gas collection blower fan 21, catalytic oxidation tower 1, alkali formula spray column 2, blower fan 3 and aiutage 5, gas collection blower fan 21 air outlets are connected with described catalytic oxidation tower 1 bottom, described catalytic oxidation tower 1 top is connected with described alkali formula spray column 2 bottoms, described alkali formula spray column 2 tops are connected with described blower fan 3 air inlets, and described blower fan 3 air outlets are connected with described aiutage 5 bottoms.Described catalytic oxidation tower 1 bottom is connected with ozone generator 4 by microporous aeration device 13, and waste gas is carried out catalytic oxidation treatment.Be provided with three kinds of packing layers in the described catalytic oxidation tower 1, be respectively catalytic oxidation packing layer 23, catalytic oxidation packing layer 24 and adsorption stuffing layer 22, described catalytic oxidation packing layer 23 is used for changing the distribution of water, gas, increases reaction contact area; The carrying out of described catalytic oxidation packing layer 24 accelerating oxidations reaction, but adsorption stuffing layer 22 stop portions larger molecular organics.Described catalytic oxidation tower 1 top is provided with spray equipment, the recirculated water that has added oxidant and surfactant of absorption reaction tower bottom, and surfactant can improve organic water-soluble, makes it change into solubility.Packing layer and sprinkling equipment are three grades in the described catalytic oxidation tower 1, are respectively: three grades of packing layers 7, secondary packing layer 8, one-level packing layer 9 and three grades of spray equipments 10, secondary spray equipment 11, one-level spray equipment 12.
Embodiment 3
A kind of rare earth as Figure 1-3, tungsten extraction waste gas treatment device, comprise gas collection blower fan 21, catalytic oxidation tower 1, alkali formula spray column 2, blower fan 3 and aiutage 5, gas collection blower fan 21 air outlets are connected with described catalytic oxidation tower 1 bottom, described catalytic oxidation tower 1 top is connected with described alkali formula spray column 2 bottoms, described alkali formula spray column 2 tops are connected with described blower fan 3 air inlets, and described blower fan 3 air outlets are connected with described aiutage 5 bottoms.Described catalytic oxidation tower 1 bottom is connected with ozone generator 4 by microporous aeration device 13, and waste gas is carried out catalytic oxidation treatment.Be provided with three kinds of packing layers in the described catalytic oxidation tower 1, be respectively catalytic oxidation packing layer 23, catalytic oxidation packing layer 24 and adsorption stuffing layer 22, described catalytic oxidation packing layer 23 is used for changing the distribution of water, gas, increases reaction contact area; The carrying out of described catalytic oxidation packing layer 24 accelerating oxidations reaction, but adsorption stuffing layer 22 stop portions larger molecular organics.Described catalytic oxidation tower 1 top is provided with spray equipment, the recirculated water that has added oxidant and surfactant of absorption reaction tower bottom, and surfactant can improve organic water-soluble, makes it change into solubility.Packing layer and sprinkling equipment are three grades in the described catalytic oxidation tower 1, are respectively: three grades of packing layers 7, secondary packing layer 8, one-level packing layer 9 and three grades of spray equipments 10, secondary spray equipment 11, one-level spray equipment 12.Described alkali formula spray column 2 inner tops are provided with anti-fog layer 14, the centre is provided with filler and spray equipment, described filler and spray equipment are divided into three grades, be respectively three grades of fillers 15 of alkali formula spray column, alkali formula spray column secondary filler 16, alkali formula spray column one-level filler 17, three grades of spray equipments 18 of alkali formula spray column, alkali formula spray column secondary spray equipment 19, alkali formula spray column one-level spray equipment 20.Described every one-level filler all contains catalytic oxidation packing layer 23 and catalytic oxidation packing layer 24.Described alkali formula spray column 2 is provided with alkali lye and adds pipe 26 and probe tube 25, can monitor solution in the spray column.In the described alkali formula spray column 2 alkaline absorption solution is housed, when the certain all after dates of absorption liquid circulation, concentrates purified treatment after collecting, do not produce secondary pollution.
Embodiment 4
A kind of rare earth as Figure 1-3, tungsten extraction waste gas treatment device, comprise gas collection blower fan 21, catalytic oxidation tower 1, alkali formula spray column 2, blower fan 3 and aiutage 5, gas collection blower fan 21 air outlets are connected with described catalytic oxidation tower 1 bottom, described catalytic oxidation tower 1 top is connected with described alkali formula spray column 2 bottoms, described alkali formula spray column 2 tops are connected with described blower fan 3 air inlets, and described blower fan 3 air outlets are connected with described aiutage 5 bottoms.Described catalytic oxidation tower 1 bottom is connected with ozone generator 4 by microporous aeration device 13, and waste gas is carried out catalytic oxidation treatment.Be provided with three kinds of packing layers in the described catalytic oxidation tower 1, be respectively catalytic oxidation packing layer 23, catalytic oxidation packing layer 24 and adsorption stuffing layer 22, described catalytic oxidation packing layer 23 is used for changing the distribution of water, gas, increases reaction contact area; The carrying out of described catalytic oxidation packing layer 24 accelerating oxidations reaction, but adsorption stuffing layer 22 stop portions larger molecular organics.Described catalytic oxidation tower 1 top is provided with spray equipment, the recirculated water that has added oxidant and surfactant of absorption reaction tower bottom, and surfactant can improve organic water-soluble, makes it change into solubility.Packing layer and sprinkling equipment are three grades in the described catalytic oxidation tower 1, are respectively: three grades of packing layers 7, secondary packing layer 8, one-level packing layer 9 and three grades of spray equipments 10, secondary spray equipment 11, one-level spray equipment 12.Described alkali formula spray column 2 inner tops are provided with anti-fog layer 14, the centre is provided with filler and spray equipment, described filler and spray equipment are divided into three grades, be respectively three grades of fillers 15 of alkali formula spray column, alkali formula spray column secondary filler 16, alkali formula spray column one-level filler 17, three grades of spray equipments 18 of alkali formula spray column, alkali formula spray column secondary spray equipment 19, alkali formula spray column one-level spray equipment 20.Described every one-level filler all contains catalytic oxidation packing layer 23 and catalytic oxidation packing layer 24.Described alkali formula spray column 2 is provided with alkali lye and adds pipe 26 and probe tube 25, can monitor solution in the spray column.In the described alkali formula spray column 2 alkaline absorption solution is housed, when the certain all after dates of absorption liquid circulation, concentrates purified treatment after collecting, do not produce secondary pollution.Described gas collection blower fan 21 is the Corrosion Protection of Fiber Reinforced Plastics blower fan, and fan delivery can be collected fully to extraction waste gas.Described aiutage 5 highly is 25m.
Embodiment 4 described rare earths, the tungsten extraction waste gas treatment device course of work is: gas collection blower fan 21 is with rare earth, tungsten extraction waste gas is delivered to catalytic oxidation tower 1, ozone generator 4 is opened in air inlet simultaneously, ozone enters catalytic oxidation tower 1 inner bottom part tank by the microporous aeration device 13 of catalytic oxidation tower 1 bottom, part ozone mixes formation Ozone Water and solution with water, be delivered to respectively one-level spray equipment 12 through the pump lifting, secondary spray equipment 11 and three grades of spray equipments 12, by spray head 6 ejections, another part ozone and rare earth, tungsten extraction waste gas mixes the one-level filler 9 that passes through successively catalytic oxidation tower inside, secondary filler 8 and three grades of fillers 7, rare earth after the catalytic oxidation tower is processed, tungsten extraction waste gas enters alkali formula spray column 2, one-level filler 17 through alkali formula spray column 2 inside, secondary filler 16 and three grades of fillers 15, pass through anti-fog layer 14 rapid condensation steam at alkali formula spray column 2 tops, alkali formula spray column 2 inner bottom part alkali lye promote through pump, be delivered to respectively the one-level spray equipment 20 of alkali formula spray column, secondary spray equipment 19 and three grades of spray equipments 18, rare earth after spray equipment absorbs processing, tungsten extraction waste gas, carry by blower fan 3, through aiutage 5 high altitude discharges.
The waste gas pollution control and treatment effect of the described waste gas treatment device of present embodiment is as shown in Table 1 and Table 2:
Table 1
Sequence number |
The pollutant project |
The concentration of device air inlet |
Device exhaust concentration |
The monitoring point |
1 |
Particle |
140 |
30 |
Row's button |
2 |
Chlorine |
70 |
10 |
Row's mouth |
3 |
Hydrogen chloride |
100 |
30 |
Row's mouth |
4 |
Non-methane hydrocarbon |
160 |
5 |
Periphery concentration peak |
Table 2
Sequence number |
The pollutant project |
The concentration of device air inlet |
Device exhaust concentration |
The monitoring point |
1 |
Particle |
150 |
28 |
Row's mouth |
2 |
Chlorine |
80 |
15 |
Row's mouth |
3 |
Hydrogen chloride |
180 |
19 |
Row's mouth |
4 |
Non-methane hydrocarbon |
170 |
10 |
Periphery concentration peak |
Can get thus, the catalytic oxidation treatment device of rare earth described in the utility model, tungsten extraction waste gas can effectively be processed waste gas, and the organized discharge standard that reaches.