CN202869920U - Device for determining rheological property of sensitive materials - Google Patents
Device for determining rheological property of sensitive materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN202869920U CN202869920U CN 201220518722 CN201220518722U CN202869920U CN 202869920 U CN202869920 U CN 202869920U CN 201220518722 CN201220518722 CN 201220518722 CN 201220518722 U CN201220518722 U CN 201220518722U CN 202869920 U CN202869920 U CN 202869920U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device for determining the rheological property of sensitive materials, belonging to the technical field of material test. The device is composed of a test system, a data acquisition system and a remote control system, wherein the test system comprises a charging barrel, a plunger piston, a capillary tube, a heating system, a driving system, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a displacement sensor. The device is capable of determining the rheological property of gunpowder under the safety condition, has the advantages of strong safety, simple structure, convenience for operation and little error and has the beneficial effects that the obtained related rheological data can be used for establishing constitutive equations of corresponding materials and used for the numerical calculation, the design of equipment structure and the optimization of machining process conditions in the manufacturing industry of the sensitive materials such as the gunpowder are assisted and the technological development of the related fields is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of device of determination susceptibility spice rheological property, belongs to the testing of materials technical field.
Background technology
The rheological property of material has reflected that the viscosity of material under the uniform temperature condition is with the variation relation of shear rate, the rheological property of these specific sensibility materials such as research gunpowder has important effect to the machine-shaping of instructing these materials, its rheological data not only can accurately reflect the performance characteristic of material, can also be used for numerical evaluation, and then instruct relevant device design and processes condition setting.
Compare with these specific sensibility spices such as gunpowder, the macromolecular materials such as polymkeric substance are good in processing temperature and pressure current downflow, realize easily the detection of its rheological property.By contrast, the test of susceptibility spice rheological property is then very difficult.On the one hand, surpass under the impact of the many factors such as the process stipulation upper limit at impurity infiltration, temperature, pressure or load, all very likely cause burning, blast, threaten personal safety as well as the property safety.On the other hand, component is various, stickiness large because the susceptibility spices such as gunpowder itself have, flowability is very poor, can not exceed at temperature and pressure in the situation of margin of safety, when with plunger it being pressurizeed, cause easily the fluctuation of pressure, the precision of pressure detection is had a significant impact.Therefore, need a kind of proving installation that be suitable for the susceptibility spice rheological property such as gunpowder.
Flow graph is the instrument of measuring the rheological property of the materials such as polymkeric substance, suspending liquid, emulsion, coating, and kind comprises rotational rheometer, capillary rheometer, torque rheometer etc.Capillary rheometer is to develop at present ripe, the most most widely used a kind of flow measurement instrument, has the advantages such as simple to operate, that measurement range is wide.If can utilize the principle of capillary rheometer to determine the rheological property of the susceptibility spices such as gunpowder, then can promote the development of susceptibility spice manufacture field technology.
Summary of the invention
Be difficult to the problem of utilizing conventional method and device to test for the rheological property of the susceptibility spices such as gunpowder, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of device that utilizes kapillary to measure the susceptibility spice rheological property such as gunpowder, can obtain the rheological property of the susceptibility spice of surveying under safety condition, relevant rheological data can be in order to the design that helps device structure in these susceptibility spice manufacturing industry and the optimization of fabrication process condition.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of device of determination susceptibility spice rheological property, be comprised of test macro, data acquisition system (DAS) and tele-control system, test macro comprises barrel, plunger, kapillary, heating system, kinematic train, pressure transducer, temperature sensor, displacement transducer.It is characterized in that: plunger is arranged on barrel top, can go out feeding cylinder and do up and down rectilinear motion under transmission system drives; Kapillary is arranged on the barrel lower end, and is replaceable, and the capillary inlet end is provided with chamfering, and the kapillary of multiple different pore diameter and length-diameter ratio is arranged, and the pore diameter scope is at 1.5～4mm, and the length-diameter ratio scope is 5～20; Heating system is arranged on around barrel and the kapillary, adopts the oil bath heating; Kinematic train is arranged on the plunger upper end, adopts hydraulic pressure or baric systerm, preferably adopts two or more hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinder; Pressure transducer and temperature sensor all are arranged on the barrel wall, the position is near the capillary inlet end, the end face of the test probe of pressure transducer and temperature sensor contacts with spice, distance between preferred pressure sensor and the capillary inlet equals the barrel internal diameter, and the distance between preferred temperature sensor and the capillary inlet is less than or equal to 10mm; Data acquisition system (DAS) and tele-control system are arranged on the position away from test macro, or separate by divider wall and test macro; Can be provided with the operation conditions of supervisory system Real Time Observation test macro; Can be furnished with warning device, surpass criticality safety temperature or the force value alarm prompting staff of spice when temperature or pressure.
Use the using method of device of a kind of determination susceptibility spice rheological property described in the utility model as follows:
1) is coated with lubricated wet goods lubricator at material tube inner wall before the test;
2) kapillary is installed in the barrel lower end, tested spice is made granule or Powdered, take by weighing certain mass and put into barrel, carry out preheating by heating system, Temperature Setting must not be higher than spice criticality safety temperature, be preheating to again insulation behind the design temperature, temperature retention time so that the spice temperature reach probe temperature and keep stable till;
3) go out the spice volume according to the spice quality divided by density calculation, calculate actual spice according to the barrel size again and be compacted rear height shared in barrel, the precompressed position that finally moves to by this height setting plunger, make under the plunger by tele-control system control kinematic train and to move up into barrel, in compressing the spice process, repeatedly move up and down repeatedly, rest at last the precompressed position more than 5 minutes;
4) make by tele-control system control kinematic train and move certain displacement 1 on the plunger to 2mm, then begin to move down pressurization with given pace, make the part spice extrude the position of capillary outlet after a bit of and stop pressurization, stop more than 2 minutes;
5) official testing begins, make the test rate pressurization of plunger to set by tele-control system control kinematic train, when being extruded barrel, finishes 80% spice pressurization, finish once test, can calculate volume divided by densitometer by 80% spice quality, calculate travel of plunger according to the barrel size again; Pass through the data such as pressure transducer, temperature sensor, displacement transducer and in good time acquisition and recording time of data acquisition system (DAS), displacement, pressure, temperature in the test process, amass and capillary diameter by test rate, plunger end women's head-ornaments, calculate apparent shear rate, calculate apparent shear stress by pressure and capillary size; If when temperature or pressure surpassed the criticality safety temperature of spice or force value in the process, tele-control system control kinematic train made plunger shift out rapidly barrel, in time shuts down;
6) once test finishes, and tele-control system control kinematic train makes plunger shift out barrel, the spice that is left in cleaning kapillary and the barrel;
7) kapillary of the different length-diameter ratios of replacing, change plunger rate travel, probe temperature, repeat above test process, can obtain apparent shear rate and apparent shear stress under different probe temperatures and the test rate condition, the statistical experiment data, proofread and correct apparent shear stress and obtain revising shear stress, proofread and correct apparent shear rate and obtain revising shear rate, revise shear stress and be viscosity divided by revising shear rate, can draw the viscosity of different temperatures-correction shear rate relation curve and be the rheological curve of tested material.
The spice criticality safety temperature of mentioning in the above-mentioned steps or pressure refer to surpass temperature or the force value that this temperature or pressure can cause spice generation combustion explosion.Should be noted that following item in the above-mentioned steps: 1. each institute that guarantees adds the identical in quality of spice, and 2. the test rate of movement is consistent in the step 5) plunger pressure process; 3. because the character of the susceptibility spices such as gunpowder, stop up easily when selecting the little kapillary of pore diameter, in the criticality safety pressure limit, be difficult to the spice extrusion, therefore, when using the little kapillary of pore diameter to occur to stop up, the kapillary that replaceable pore diameter is large is tested; 4. the statistical experiment data are proofreaied and correct apparent shear stress with Bagley and are obtained revising shear stress, proofread and correct apparent shear rate with Rabinowtsch and obtain revising shear rate, and concrete bearing calibration and process can be with reference to GB standard ISO 11443.
Can use corresponding constitutive equation data are carried out match, obtain the parameter of corresponding equation, be used for numerical evaluation, and then coaching device structural design and material processing technique optimization.
Beneficial effect
1. can under safety condition, measure the rheological property of the susceptibility spices such as gunpowder, have high safety, simple in structure, easy to operate, advantage that error is little, the relevant rheological data that obtains can be in order to set up the constitutive equation of corresponding spice, and for numerical evaluation, and then help the design of device structure in these spice manufacturing industry and the optimization of fabrication process condition, promote the development of related-art technology.
2. the capillary inlet end of described device is provided with chamfering, makes things convenient for entering of spice, reduces the fluctuation of inlet end pressure, and this point is particularly useful for the large spice of toughness; The kapillary that multiple different pore diameter and length-diameter ratio are arranged, the pore diameter scope is at 1.5～4mm, the length-diameter ratio scope is 5～20, this is to be determined by the special nature of the susceptibility spices such as gunpowder, too little easy obstruction of pore diameter, length-diameter ratio is too little, and tested spice can not show rheological, and length-diameter ratio hinders again too greatly extruding of spice easily; Heating system adopts the oil bath heating, although firing rate is slow, temperature control is accurate and stable, is beneficial to the control of spice temperature; Gearing preferably adopts hydraulic pressure or baric systerm, and when pressure or temperature exceeded criticality safety pressure or temperature value, the actuation plunger of can making a response rapidly upwards shifted out barrel, plays the explosion-proof relief effect; Preferred two or more hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder can increase the stability of whole drive system; The pressure transducer position is near the capillary inlet end, and sensor test probe end contact spice can reduce the fluctuation of the above mobile pressure that causes of repetitive cycling in when measuring because capillary inlet, guarantees tonometric accuracy and repeatability; Temperature sensor location is near the capillary inlet end, and the end contact spice can guarantee that the temperature of measuring is the true temperature of spice; Data acquisition system (DAS) and tele-control system are arranged on the position away from test macro, or separate by divider wall and test macro, the staff is except reinforced and scale removal process operate by test macro, other test processs are remote controlled realization all, thereby has conscientiously ensured staff's personal safety.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the device synoptic diagram of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 1.
Among the figure: 1-barrel, 2-plunger, 3-kapillary, 4-heating system, 5-kinematic train, 6-pressure transducer, 7-temperature sensor, 8-data acquisition system (DAS), 9-tele-control system, 10-divider wall.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing preferred implementation of the present utility model is described in further detail.
A kind of device of determination susceptibility spice rheological property, described device is comprised of test macro, data acquisition system (DAS) 8 and tele-control system 9, and test macro comprises barrel 1, plunger 2, kapillary 3, heating system 4, kinematic train 5, pressure transducer 6, temperature sensor 7, displacement transducer.Plunger 2 is arranged on barrel 1 top, can go out feeding cylinder 1 and do up and down rectilinear motion under kinematic train 5 drives; Kapillary 3 is arranged on barrel 1 lower end, replaceable, kapillary 3 inlet ends are provided with chamfering, and the pore diameter of kapillary 3 has 1.5mm, 2mm and 4mm, the length-diameter ratio of kapillary 3 has 5,10,15 and 20, and it is that 4mm, length-diameter ratio are two kinds of kapillaries 3 of 5 and 10 that present embodiment adopts pore diameter; Heating system 4 is arranged on around barrel and the kapillary, adopts the oil bath heating; Kinematic train 5 is arranged on plunger 2 upper ends, adopts the hydraulic system that comprises two hydraulic cylinders; Pressure transducer 6 and temperature sensor 7 all are arranged on barrel 1 wall, the position is near kapillary 3 inlet ends, the end face of pressure transducer 6 and the test probe of temperature sensor 7 contacts with spice, distance between pressure transducer 6 and kapillary 3 entrances is 10mm, equal the internal diameter of barrel 1, the distance between temperature sensor 7 and kapillary 3 entrances is 5mm; Data acquisition system (DAS) 8 and tele-control system 9 separate by divider wall 10 and test macro.Be provided with the operation conditions of supervisory system Real Time Observation test macro; And be furnished with warning device, surpass criticality safety temperature or the force value alarm prompting staff of spice when temperature or pressure.
Utilize said apparatus to measure a kind of rheological property of propellant powder, concrete steps are as follows:
1) is coated with lubricated wet goods lubricator at barrel 1 inwall before the test;
2) be that the 4mm length-diameter ratio is that 5 kapillary 3 is installed in barrel 1 lower end with pore diameter, tested spice is made granule or Powdered, take by weighing 5g and put into barrel 1, carry out preheating by heating system 4, Temperature Setting is 95 ℃, be lower than 100 ℃ of spice criticality safety temperature, be incubated again 30 minutes after being preheating to design temperature;
3) according to spice quality 5g and density 1.626g/cm
3Calculating the spice volume is 3.075cm
3, again according to barrel internal holes sectional area 100mm
2Calculate actual spice be compacted after in barrel shared height be 30.75mm, the precompressed position that finally moves to by this height setting plunger 2, namely apart from kapillary 3 inlet end 31mm, make plunger move up into barrel 12 times by tele-control system 9 control kinematic trains 5, in compressing the spice process, repeatedly move up and down repeatedly, rest at last the precompressed position namely apart from kapillary 3 inlet end 31mm places more than 5 minutes;
4) make on the plunger 2 by tele-control system 9 control kinematic trains 5 and move 1 to 2mm, then begin to move down pressurization with the speed of 2mm/min, make the part spice extrude the position of kapillary 3 outlet after a bit of and stop pressurization (plunger moves down 2mm and can realize), stopped 2 to 5 minutes;
5) official testing begins, and makes the test rate 0.5mm/min pressurization of plunger 2 to set by tele-control system 9 control kinematic trains 5, and the spice with 80% (is the 4g spice, divided by density 1.626g/cm
3Volume calculated is 2.46cm
3, again by volume divided by barrel internal holes sectional area 100mm
2Calculating travel of plunger is 24.6mm) finish pressurization when extruding barrel 1, finish once test; By data such as pressure transducer 6, temperature sensor 7, displacement transducer and 8 in good time acquisition and recording times of data acquisition system (DAS), displacement, pressure, temperature, amass 100mm by test rate and plunger end women's head-ornaments in the test process
2, to calculate apparent shear rate be 0.1326291s to capillary diameter 4mm
-1, calculating apparent shear stress by pressure and capillary size is 112635.37Pa; If will in time shut down when temperature or pressure surpass 100 ℃ of the criticality safety temperature of spice or force value 50MPa in the process, tele-control system 9 control kinematic trains 5 make plunger 2 shift out rapidly barrel 1;
6) once test finishes, and tele-control system 9 control kinematic trains 5 make plunger 2 shift out barrel 1, the spice that is left in cleaning kapillary 3 and the barrel 1;
7) changing respectively plunger 2 rate travels is 1,5,10,15,20 and 25mm/min, repeats above test process; Changing pore diameter is that the 4mm length-diameter ratio is 10 kapillary 3 again, repeats above test process; Changing temperature is 90 ℃ again, repeats above test process; Finally can obtain three kinds of probe temperatures 85,90 and 95 ℃, seven kinds of test rates 0.5,1,5,10,15,20 and the 25mm/min condition under apparent shear rate and apparent shear stress, corresponding 42 apparent shear stress of totally 42 apparent shear rates, the statistical experiment data, proofread and correct apparent shear stress with Bagley and obtain revising shear stress, proofread and correct apparent shear rate with Rabinowtsch and obtain revising shear rate, concrete bearing calibration and process can be with reference to GB standard ISO 11443.Revise shear stress and be viscosity divided by revising shear rate, the viscosity of drafting different temperatures-correction shear rate relation curve is the rheological curve of tested propellant powder, use corresponding constitutive equation data are carried out match, obtain the parameter of corresponding equation, be used for numerical evaluation, and then the optimization of the design of coaching device structure and material processing technique.
The utility model includes but not limited to above embodiment, and every any being equal to of carrying out under spirit of the present utility model and principle replaces or local improvement, all will be considered as within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. the device of a determination susceptibility spice rheological property, formed by test macro, data acquisition system (DAS) and tele-control system, test macro comprises barrel, plunger, kapillary, heating system, kinematic train, pressure transducer, temperature sensor, displacement transducer, it is characterized in that: plunger is arranged on barrel top, can go out feeding cylinder and do up and down rectilinear motion under transmission system drives; Kapillary is arranged on the barrel lower end, and is replaceable, and the capillary inlet end is provided with chamfering, and the kapillary of multiple different pore diameter and length-diameter ratio is arranged, and the pore diameter scope is at 1.5～4mm, and the length-diameter ratio scope is 5～20; Heating system is arranged on around barrel and the kapillary, adopts the oil bath heating; Kinematic train is arranged on the plunger upper end, adopts hydraulic pressure or baric systerm; Pressure transducer and temperature sensor all are arranged on the barrel wall, and the position is near the capillary inlet end, and the end face of the test probe of pressure transducer and temperature sensor contacts with spice; Data acquisition system (DAS) and tele-control system are arranged on the position away from test macro, or separate by divider wall and test macro.
2. the device of a kind of determination susceptibility spice rheological property according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopted two or more hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinder.
3. the device of a kind of determination susceptibility spice rheological property according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the distance between pressure transducer and the capillary inlet equals the barrel internal diameter.
4. the device of a kind of determination susceptibility spice rheological property according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the distance between temperature sensor and the capillary inlet is less than or equal to 10mm.
5. the device of a kind of determination susceptibility spice rheological property according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with supervisory system.
6. the device of a kind of determination susceptibility spice rheological property according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with warning device.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201220518722 CN202869920U (en) | 2012-10-11 | 2012-10-11 | Device for determining rheological property of sensitive materials |
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| CN 201220518722 CN202869920U (en) | 2012-10-11 | 2012-10-11 | Device for determining rheological property of sensitive materials |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102854093A (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2013-01-02 | 北京理工大学 | Method and device for measuring rheological properties of sensitive medicine material |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102854093A (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2013-01-02 | 北京理工大学 | Method and device for measuring rheological properties of sensitive medicine material |
| CN102854093B (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2015-06-17 | 北京理工大学 | Method for measuring rheological properties of sensitive medicine material |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130410 Termination date: 20151011 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |