The specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model automobile axle housing body in an embodiment.As shown in Figure 1, the automobile axle housing of present embodiment 10 is made of body, and this body is made of hollow bulb 11 and lug boss 12.Hollow bulb 11 extends and forms two ends along its length direction, and the line of centers that forms about these two ends is symmetrical, is in two parts between the end and has and all connect two ends and the first side that is parallel to each other and the second side.
The centre of the first side is provided with a through hole, and when axle housing held automotive rear axle differential gear and retarder, this through hole was used.Lug boss 12 is on the position corresponding to described through hole of the second side, outwards projection.This lug boss 12 consists of this sphere by the sphere of centre and around sphere with the surrounding that the second side is connected.
Because this hollow bulb 11 and lug boss 12 are to be shaped with a round steel pipe, so do not have weld seam in the bottom of hollow bulb 11.Namely, there is not splicing welding joint at the edge of the lug boss 12 of the second side yet yet.The upper and lower of hollow bulb 11 is also without any along its length splicing welding joint.
It is wide that width is compared in the central area part of hollow bulb 11 and two ends, and this hollow bulb 11 from the center area part to two ends shrinking gradually.
In the present embodiment, through hole is circular hole, but is not restricted to present embodiment, and reality also can be as required, and through hole is notched circular hole.
Lug boss 12 in the present embodiment consists of this sphere by the sphere of centre and around sphere with the surrounding that the second side is connected, it can also be centre portion projection, both sides or other shape that caves on one side as required.Figure 11 is the structural representation of other boss shapes of the automobile axle housing body in the present embodiment.As shown in figure 11, this protruding shape is the shape of both sides depression.Obviously, this lug boss can also be other shapes that needs arbitrarily.
In sum, on axle housing of the present utility model without any splicing welding joint.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model the first middle product 1 in an embodiment.As shown in Figure 2, engineering step 1: round steel pipe is cut into the first middle product 1, and the external diameter of this first middle product 1 is D1, and internal diameter is the round steel pipe of d1, and length is L.D1, d1, L are by the required decision of product.
In the engineering step 1 of present embodiment, the first middle product 1 usefulness sawing machine incising circular steel pipe obviously can also come the incising circular steel pipe with other modes to the length L of the automobile axle housing that needs to make.
Engineering step 2: with obtain after the cutting in the engineering 1 first in the middle of product 1 in the first mould, carry out internal high pressure forming to be molded as shape be product 2 in the middle of second.
Fig. 3 is the utility model the first mold use scheme drawing in an embodiment.As shown in Figure 3, the first mould, the first die 31(with first die cavity of formation closed together is upper cavity die) and the second die (being lower cavity die) 32, and two drifts 33 that can cover respectively the two ends of described the first die cavity are denoted as the first drift (being left drift 33) and the second drift (being right drift 33), the axle center of these two drifts 33 all is provided with the through hole of a circulation highly pressurised liquid, die cavity is to be that radius is D22 by the centre, length is the great circle cylindricality of H, two ends all are that radius is the small cylindrical of D2, two truncated cones that certain distance forms are stretched with the cone angle of 60 ~ 100 degree respectively in two ends along big column to two ends, and with the circular arc formation of these two truncated cones with small cylindrical and cylindrical phase transition broad in the middle, wherein, D22 is 1.3 ~ 1.6 times of D1;
Product 1 in the middle of first is put into lower cavity die 32, and press is descending, product 1 in the middle of upper cavity die 31 compresses first, and left and right drift 33 moves ahead, and inserts product 1 in the middle of first and seals up two ends of product 1 in the middle of first; From the centre hole of left and right drift 33, inject the highly pressurised liquid of 45-75MPa; Left and right drift 33 continues to move ahead, and promotes tube wall, along the inward feeding of tube axis direction.Under the effect of inner high voltage and axial thrust, pipe stage casing material begins plastic deformation, and is mobile outward, until fill up die cavity, being shaped obtains the second middle product 2.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the utility model the second middle product in an embodiment.As shown in Figure 4, product 2 Central Symmetries in the middle of second, by the centre be the big column two ends be the internal diameter external diameter all identical small column consist of, the external diameter of big column equals D22, length equals H, stretch certain distance to both sides with the cone angle A of 60 ~ 100 degree respectively along the two ends of this big column and form two frustums of a cone, the small column of these two frustums of a cone by circular arc and two ends be connected the cylinder transition and be connected, the external diameter of small column is D2, internal diameter is d2, and this D22 is 1.3 ~ 1.6 times of D1.
Engineering step 3: the second middle product 2 that obtains in the engineering step 2 is put into the second mould its internal high pressure forming is molded as the 3rd middle product 3.
Fig. 5 is in an embodiment the second mold use scheme drawing of the utility model.As shown in Figure 5, the 3rd die 51(that the second mould has second die cavity of formation closed together is upper cavity die) and the 4th die 52(be lower cavity die), and two drifts 53 that can cover respectively the two ends of described the second die cavity are denoted as respectively the 3rd drift (being left drift 53) and the 4th drift (being right drift 53), the axle center of these two drifts all is provided with the through hole of a circulation highly pressurised liquid, the second die cavity is spherical corresponding to the position of great circle cylindricality, is a whole circular arc corresponding to the position of truncated cone and above-mentioned circular arc.
The second middle product 2 is put into lower cavity die 52, and press is descending, product 2 in the middle of upper cavity die 51 compresses second, and left and right drift 53 moves ahead, thus product 2 seals up two end in the middle of inserting second.Inject the highly pressurised liquid of 45-75MPa from the through hole of left and right drift 53, left and right drift 53 continues to move ahead, and promotes tube wall, along the inward feeding of tube axis direction.Under the effect of inner high voltage and axial thrust, pipe stage casing material begins the plastic expansion distortion, and is again mobile outward, until fill up die cavity, being shaped obtains the 3rd middle product 3.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the utility model the 3rd middle product 3 in an embodiment.As shown in Figure 6, in the middle of the 3rd product 3 be by the big column of product 2 in the middle of second by internal high pressure forming for outside projection for spherical, the frustum of a cone and above-mentioned circular arc become as a whole circular arc and the centrosymmetric product that forms.
Engineering step 4: whole circular arc and the two side taper platforms of axle housing pars intermedia are stated in the pressing residence, and the shrinking small column is the needed shape of automobile axle housing, thereby so that the 3rd middle product 3 becomes the 4th middle product 4.
Fig. 7 is in an embodiment the 3rd mold use scheme drawing of the utility model.As shown in Figure 7, the 3rd mould, having the first module 71(is upper module), the second module 72(is lower module), and at least two group have the die group of the 5th die (being left die) and the 6th die (being right die), this first module and the second module be closed, and to form one be the 3rd cavity corresponding to described spherical in described the second die cavity, the shape of the left die of each group and the hollow structure of right die all is that the position from the aperture of minimum begins the truncated cone that the taperings with 40 ~ 60 degree extend, and the shape at this place, minimum-value aperture is corresponding to the needed shape of described automobile axle housing.
The 3rd middle product 3 that obtains in the engineering step 3 is put into lower module 72, and press is descending, product 3 in the middle of upper module 71 compresses, the left and right die 73 of first group of die group moves ahead, with two end shrinkings, left and right die 73 retreats, and changes the left and right die 73 of the second die group; The left and right die 73 of the second die group moves ahead again, with the further shrinking of two ends, analogizes in proper order through shrinking repeatedly, until reach till product required form and the size.
Wherein, the minimum-value aperture in first group of die group is D7, and this D7 is 85 ~ 90% of described D1, and the minimum-value aperture in all die groups afterwards all is the 90-95% of last group of die group minimum diameter, and comes with above-mentioned tapering 40 ~ 60 degree expansions.
Fig. 8 is the in an embodiment structural representation of the 4th middle product 4 of the utility model.As shown in Figure 8, product 4 is tapering at 40 ~ 60 taper platform for the whole circular arc of product 3 in the middle of the compression the 3rd in the middle of the 4th, and the described small column of shrinking, is configured as that the needed shape of described automobile axle housing gets.
Engineering step 5: product 4 makes it become the 5th middle product 5 in the middle of suppressing the described the 4th.
Fig. 9 is the utility model the 4th mold use scheme drawing in an embodiment.As shown in Figure 9, it is upper cavity die that the 4th mould has the 7th die 91() and the 8th die 92(be lower cavity die), the shape of closed the 4th cavity that forms of the 7th die and the 8th die is corresponding to the shape of whole described automobile axle housing.
The 4th middle product 4 that obtains in the engineering step 4 is put into lower cavity die 92, and press is descending, and product 4 in the middle of upper cavity die 91 compressions closes product and lower cavity die 92 die cavity notes, is shaped to obtain the 5th middle product.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the utility model the 5th middle product in an embodiment.As shown in figure 10, product 5 has two ends in the longitudinal direction for product 4 in the middle of the compacting the 4th becomes it in the middle of the 5th, and the product of the line of centers symmetry that forms about these two ends, in the middle of the 5th product 5 from the centre to these two ends shrinking gradually, and be in two parts between the end and have two sides that all connect two ends and be parallel to each other, the centre of one of them side has an outwards lug boss of projection.
Engineering step 6 is that another side with product 5 in the middle of the 5th is that cut the centre of upper side, forms the required through hole of automobile axle housing, and product 5 in the middle of the 5th can be configured as needs the automobile axle housing body 10 made in the present embodiment.
More than the specific embodiment of the present utility model is illustrated, but the utility model is as limit, only otherwise break away from aim of the present utility model, the utility model can also have various variations, these is not got rid of from scope of the present utility model.
For example, in the present embodiment, the lug boss 12 of axle housing is similar hemispheric, but the boss shapes of axle housing is not as limit.Figure 11 is the structural representation of other boss shapes of expression automobile axle housing body of the present utility model.As shown in figure 11, the lug boss of axle housing can also be other shapes such as segment-shaped that intermediate projections, both sides reduce.
Variation
In the above-described embodiments, axle housing is not with spindle nose, but the shape of axle housing is not as limit.Figure 12 is the structural representation with the shape of the automobile axle housing body of spindle nose in this variation.As shown in figure 12, axle housing also can be with spindle nose 13.In the forming process, as long as the length L of the first middle product 1 is lengthened, when shown in Figure 7 two proper crowded shrinkings are shaped the 4th middle product 4, increase left and right die group number, increase shrinking shaping number of times, two end shrinkings to the required spindle nose size of product, can be obtained the automobile axle housing body with spindle nose as shown in figure 12, and obviously spindle nose and automobile axle housing body are formed as one.
Embodiment effect and effect
In sum, the automobile axle housing that the automobile axle housing shaping dies that present embodiment provides is produced, axle housing are a complete integral body, each connecting portion does not all have weld seam, the long weld seam that does not more parallel to the axis on the axle housing does not have the set square weld seam yet, and the product strength and stiffness improve, production procedure is shortened, stock utilization improves, and working environment is environmental protection more, and productive costs is low, simple to operate, easy to implement.
Above-mentioned embodiment is not used for limiting protection domain of the present utility model as preferred embodiment of the present utility model.