The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of tunnelling machine, and this tunnelling machine can realize digging anchor, backfill is integrated, thereby improves the drivage efficiency of development machine, reduces simultaneously cost, high-efficiency environment friendly.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of tunnelling machine, comprises the main frame belt conveyor, is positioned at the rear of cutterhead boring mechanism, and it is inner to be arranged at the main frame beam, and the rear end along its Axis Extension to described main frame beam; Also comprise backfilling apparatus, described backfilling apparatus is connected with the rear end of described main frame beam, and the rock slag that is used for described main frame belt conveyor is carried is made concrete platform in the bottom, tunnel.
Preferably, described backfilling apparatus comprises leveling device, concrete filling device and belt conveyor; The rock slag that described leveling device is used for described main frame conveyor is carried is filled and led up in the bottom, tunnel; The rock slag that described concrete filling device is used for after perfusion is filled and led up is made into concrete platform; Described belt conveyor is used for remaining rock slag is transported out outside the tunnel.
Preferably, the further involving vibrations feeder of described backfilling apparatus; Described oscillating feeder is between described main frame belt conveyor and described belt conveyor, for separating of the rock slag.
Preferably, described backfilling apparatus is arranged on the chassis, and described chassis is connected with described main frame beam by towed equipment.
Preferably, also be provided with air chimney on the described chassis, be used for fresh air is sent in the tunnel.
Preferably, described towed equipment is the first telescopic oil cylinder.
Preferably, the jumbolter of tunnelling machine is arranged at the both sides of described main frame beam, and can moving axially along described main frame beam.
Preferably, described jumbolter is installed on the annular girder of described main frame beam, is provided with the second telescopic oil cylinder between described annular girder and the described main frame beam.
Preferably, the bow member fitting machine of tunnelling machine is installed in the front end of described main frame beam, is used at tunneling process bow member being installed.
Relative above-mentioned background technology, tunnelling machine provided by the utility model comprises the main frame belt conveyor, is positioned at the rear of cutterhead boring mechanism, is located at the inner and rear end along its Axis Extension to described main frame beam of main frame beam; Also comprise backfilling apparatus, described backfilling apparatus is connected with the rear end of described main frame beam, and the rock slag that is used for described main frame belt conveyor is carried is made concrete platform in the bottom, tunnel.Compared with prior art, tunnelling machine provided by the utility model has increased backfilling apparatus, in the tunnelling machine tunneling process, when the rock slag that cutterhead excavates is sent to main frame beam rear end by the main frame conveyor, can utilize backfilling apparatus that the rock slag is filled and led up and built in the bottom, tunnel, make concrete platform, so, before tunnelling machine work, do not need prefabricated inverted arch block, thereby reduced cost, saved the time, improved the operating efficiency of tunnelling machine.In addition, utilize the rock slag of excavating to fill and lead up bottom, tunnel, not only environmental protection but also economy.
The specific embodiment
Core of the present utility model provides a kind of tunnelling machine, and this tunnelling machine can realize digging anchor, backfill is integrated, thereby improves the drivage efficiency of development machine, reduces simultaneously cost, high-efficiency environment friendly.
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand better the utility model scheme, the utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
It is pointed out that the related noun of locality such as forward and backward, upper and lower of this paper all is to be arranged in figure and component position each other defines with component among Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, just in order to explain the clear and convenient of technical scheme.Should be appreciated that the noun of locality that this paper adopts should not limit the protection domain of the application's request.
Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, Fig. 1 provides the structural representation of a kind of specific embodiment of tunnelling machine for the utility model; Fig. 2 be among Fig. 1 A-A to the cutterhead generalized section; Fig. 3 be among Fig. 1 B-B to bow member fitting machine generalized section; Fig. 4 be among Fig. 1 C-C to the jumbolter generalized section; Fig. 5 be among Fig. 1 D-D to the propulsive mechanism generalized section; Fig. 6 be among Fig. 1 E-E to the rear support generalized section; Fig. 7 be among Fig. 1 F-F to the oscillating feeder generalized section.
In a kind of specific embodiment, tunnelling machine provided by the utility model comprises cutterhead boring mechanism, supporting mechanism and backfilling apparatus.
The cutterhead boring mechanism comprises cutterhead 21 and the cutter 22 that is installed on the cutterhead; Particularly, cutterhead 21 is installed on the headstock (not shown) of tunnelling machine; Cutterhead 21 comprises the cutterhead body, is connected with tool rest on the cutterhead body, can fix by welding manner, and cutter 22 is installed on the tool rest.In operation, can arrange according to the actual requirements the cutter of dimension and quantity; Wherein, cutterhead 21 can adopt circular structure, and cutter 22 can be disk cutter.In addition, also be provided with water injector 23 on the cutterhead 21 and scum board 24(is shown among Fig. 2), water injector 23 is used for the cooling of depositing dust and cutter 22; Scum board 24 scrapes and sends into the main frame conveyor 11 in the main frame beam 12 that is arranged on tunnelling machine for the rock slag that cutter 22 is excavated.
Main frame conveyor 11 is positioned at the rear of cutterhead development machine mechanism, is arranged in the main frame beam 12 and along the rear end of its Axis Extension to main frame beam 12.
It is pointed out that above-mentioned rear is definition take the tunneling direction of cutterhead boring mechanism as benchmark, to be the tunneling direction of cutterhead boring mechanism be the place ahead in the left side in Fig. 1 diagram, and the right side is the rear.The following stated similarly repeats no more.
The cutterhead boring mechanism is driven by driving mechanism, and driving mechanism comprises the base bearing 41 that is connected with the cutterhead boring mechanism and the motor reducer 42 that is connected with base bearing 41.During work, motor reducer 42 drive shaft hold 41 and then the rotation of band movable knife disc 21, realize the broken rock of cutterhead 21 rotations.
Further, between cutterhead boring mechanism and driving mechanism, also be provided with shield 3, shield 3 is centered around the periphery of headstock, is stretched in when being used for the tunnelling machine driving and stablizes cutterhead 21 on the wall, and prevent that bulk rock slag from dropping at motor reducer 42 places at cutterhead 21 rear portions.
Particularly, shield 3 comprises that top shield 31, side shield 32 and end shield 33(are shown among Fig. 3); Top shield 31 is connected with the side shield and can be connected with headstock by hydraulic cylinder, and end shield 33 can be connected with the headstock bottom surface with bolt by key.
The back of motor reducer 42 is equipped with supporting mechanism, and supporting mechanism comprises bow member fitting machine 51 and jumbolter 52.
Bow member fitting machine 51 is installed in main frame beam 12 front ends of tunnelling machine, and the front end of main frame beam 12 links to each other with the rear end of headstock, and bow member fitting machine 51 is positioned at the below of top shield 31, in order under the protection of top shield 31 bow member can be installed in time.In general, bow member is assembled by section steel manufacture multistage steel arch sheet.Bow member fitting machine 51 can be by the traction of motor elevator, the scheme that also can adopt gear-wheel gear-ring to drive.
Jumbolter 52 is installed in the rear of bow member fitting machine 51, is positioned at the both sides of main frame beam 12, and jumbolter 52 is installed in the annular girder 13(that is connected with main frame beam 12 and is shown among Fig. 4) on.Annular girder 13 can move forward and backward on main frame beam 12, thereby it is mobile to drive jumbolter 52 front and back on main frame beam 12, and the movement of annular girder 13 on main frame beam 12 can realize by the second telescopic oil cylinder that is arranged on therebetween; Jumbolter 52 can also be along the suitable angle of annular girder 13 rotations, and namely jumbolter 52 can be mobile flexibly in suitable scope, carries out the supporting operation.Particularly, be provided with gear ring on the annular girder 13, be provided with the gear that cooperates with described gear ring on the motor, driving by motor, can realize the rotation of jumbolter 52, its anglec of rotation is decided by the length of fit of gear ring and gear, in practical operation, can arrange as required.
Main frame beam 12 rear ends of tunnelling machine also are connected with backfilling apparatus, and the rock slag backfill that is used for main frame conveyor 11 is carried is in the bottom, tunnel.
Particularly, backfilling apparatus comprises leveling device 81 and the concrete filling device 82 that is arranged on the chassis 85; In the tunneling process of tunnelling machine, the rock slag that main frame conveyor 11 excavates the cutterhead boring mechanism is delivered to the bottom, tunnel of the rear end of main frame beam 12, after leveling device 81 is filled and led up the rock slag of bottom, tunnel, concrete filling device 82 concrete perfusions, make concrete platform, remaining rock slag is transported to outside the tunnel by the belt conveyor 84 that is arranged on the chassis.
Backfilling apparatus is connected with the main frame beam by towed equipment 87 connections, and towed equipment 87 is preferably the first telescopic oil cylinder.Because in the tunnelling machine operation process, excavation operation and the nonsynchronous situation of backfill operation may appear, be that the cutterhead boring mechanism needs forward excavation operation, and this moment the relevant position backfilling apparatus also do not finish the making of tunnel bottom concrete platform, need so to finish first the making of concrete platform, excavation operation forward can reduce drivage efficiency so again.If towed equipment 87 is set to the first telescopic oil cylinder, so when cutterhead boring mechanism forward during excavation operation, the first telescopic oil cylinder can guarantee that by stretching out backfilling apparatus rests on the making that concrete platform is finished in original position, when backfilling apparatus fulfils assignment, the retraction of the first telescopic oil cylinder namely drags backfilling apparatus and moves forward to the position that next needs concrete platform to make, to a certain extent excavation operation is separated with the backfill operation, improve the operating efficiency of tunnelling machine.
Realize tunneling forward by propulsive mechanism and rear support 7 during tunnelling machine work.Propulsive mechanism comprises propelling cylinder 61 and support boots mechanism 62; Wherein, support boots mechanism 62 comprises that further support boots oil cylinder 621 and moment of torsion oil cylinder 622(are shown among Fig. 5), support boots oil cylinder 621 and moment of torsion oil cylinder 622 are responsible for respectively changing the left and right sides tuning of headstock and tuning up and down.Support boots oil cylinder 621 is connected with support boots 623, and support boots 623 are used for tunnelling machine at tunneling process stretching crag.Propelling cylinder 61 acts on cutterhead 21 by promotion main frame beam 12 tunnels forward it.
The rear end that rear support 7 is installed main frame beam 12, the main operation of changing step of being responsible for support boots 623, it is in retracted state always in the tunneling process of tunnelling machine, support boots 623 only have when need to be changed step, just can stretch out downwards, prop up base plate, and in rear support 7 not before the stretching base plate, support boots 623 do not allow to reclaim.
Particularly, in the tunnelling machine tunneling process, support boots 623 stretching crags, propelling cylinder 61 promotion main frame beams 12 act on cutterhead 21 and tunnel forward, when propelling cylinder 61 arrives range, put down rear support 7, be that rear support 7 is stretched out downwards, prop up base plate, regain support boots 623 this moment, support boots 623 move forward in the removal process of propelling cylinder 61, when propelling cylinder 61 arrives minimum stroke, support boots 623 stretching crag is again packed up rear support 7, and propelling cylinder 61 again promotes main frame beam 12 and acts on cutterhead 21 and tunnel forward.Reciprocating working is successively realized the forward driving of tunnelling machine.
Because the rear support 7 main operations of changing step of being responsible for support boots 623, when support boots 623 need to be changed step, rear support 7 is just stretched out downwards for supporting tunnelling machine, and rear support 7 is under retracted state, support boots 623 necessary stretching crags are to support tunnelling machine, so rear support 7 and support boots 623 are set to interlocked relationship.
In addition, this tunnelling machine also comprises dust arrester, dust arrester comprises mote knife, the dedusting fan that is arranged in the main frame beam 12 and the dedust air duct that is arranged on main frame beam 12 rear ends, dust arrester the dust content that can reduce the operating area is set, improve operating environment, the guarantee operating personnel's is healthy.
During work, cutterhead 21 rotates under the driving of driving mechanism, forwards tunnels by the thrust that propelling cylinder 61 provides, and the rock slag under the cutting is delivered to the tunnel bottom backfill of main frame beam 12 rear ends by main frame conveyor 11.In cutterhead 21 drivings, the bow member fitting machine 51 at shield 3 rears, pick anchor rig 52 stand arch, supporting operation simultaneously, and the operating personnel can carry out the linked network operation under the protection of shield 3; Simultaneously, dust arrester constantly carries out the dedusting operation, reduces the dust content of operating area; When propelling cylinder 61 arrives range, put down rear support 7, regain support boots 623, support boots 623 move forward in the removal process of propelling cylinder 61, when propelling cylinder 61 arrives minimum stroke, support boots 623 are the stretching crag again, packs up rear support 7, and propelling cylinder 61 continuation promotion main frame beams 12 act on cutterhead 21 and tunnel forward.Reciprocating working carries out when having realized excavation operation, supporting operation and backfill operation successively.
Further, can make improvements above-mentioned tunnelling machine.
Because the rock cinder ladle that the cutterhead boring mechanism excavates is drawn together the rock slag of different-grain diameter, in order to guarantee the quality of bottom, tunnel concrete platform, can further between main frame conveyor 12 and belt conveyor 84, oscillating feeder 83 be set, the rock slag that main frame conveyor 12 is carried passes through first the screening of oscillating feeder 83, the rock slag that is fit to particle diameter is sent into the bottom, tunnel, and remaining rock slag is transported to outside the tunnel through belt conveyor 84; Be separated to the rock slag of bottom, tunnel after leveling device 81 is filled and led up, made concrete platform by concrete filling device 82 concrete perfusions.
Please refer to Fig. 8, Figure 8 shows that the connection diagram of overlooking of backfilling apparatus and main frame beam.Connect by towed equipment 87 between backfilling apparatus and the main frame beam 12, main frame conveyor 11 internally extends to be in vacant state from main frame beam 12, and oscillating feeder 83 is positioned at the below of main frame beam 12, is fixed on two curb girders of chassis 85 front ends.The rock slag that main frame conveyor 11 is carried directly falls into oscillating feeder 83, and after oscillating feeder 83 separated, suitable rock slag fell into the bottom, tunnel, and remaining rock slag falls in the belt conveyor 84 of oscillating feeder 83 belows and is transported to outside the tunnel.
Further, also be provided with air chimney 86 on the chassis 85, air chimney 86 is used for fresh air is sent in the tunnel, improves the air quality in the tunnel.
Pick anchor provided by the utility model, the integrated tunnelling machine of backfill have increased backfilling apparatus on the basis of existing technology, utilize the rock slag that excavates that the bottom, tunnel is filled and led up, and concrete perfusion is made concrete platform, thereby do not need to shift to an earlier date prefabricated inverted arch block, both reduced cost, again environment-friendly high-efficiency.
More than tunnelling machine provided by the utility model is described in detail.Used specific case herein principle of the present utility model and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present utility model and core concept thereof.Should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model principle, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the utility model, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of the utility model claim.