CN202617031U - Single-stage photovoltaic inverter - Google Patents

Single-stage photovoltaic inverter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN202617031U
CN202617031U CN 201220243599 CN201220243599U CN202617031U CN 202617031 U CN202617031 U CN 202617031U CN 201220243599 CN201220243599 CN 201220243599 CN 201220243599 U CN201220243599 U CN 201220243599U CN 202617031 U CN202617031 U CN 202617031U
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switch
inductance
control
circuit
break
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延汇文
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Shenzhen Kstar Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Kstar Technology Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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Abstract

The present utility model discloses a single-stage photovoltaic inverter. The single-stage photovoltaic inverter comprises a DC-DC boost circuit and a DC-AC inversion circuit which are realized through a Boost circuit. The DC-AC inversion circuit comprises an inductor Lx connected with a common end of a switch S6 and a switch S4; a switch S3 and a switch S5 successively connected with a switch S1 in series, wherein the switch S5 is connected with a common end of the switch S6 and a capacitor C; and an inductor Ly connected with a common end of the switch S3 and the switch S5, and AC voltage UO is output between the inductor Lx and the inductor Ly. Through respectively controlling the switches (S1 to S6) to close/open, the DC-AC inversion circuit is used for respectively forming different inversion loops to convert DC voltage Udc into AC voltage UO when the DC-DC boost circuit is in magnetism-charging state, magnetism-discharging state or current make-and-break state. In the inverter, circuit components are reduced, the circuit structure is simple, and the electric energy conversion efficiency is high.

Description

The single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of inverter, especially relates to a kind of single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Background technology
Since two thousand, the grid-connected photovoltaic power generation annual average rate of increase surpasses 60%, is fastest-rising technology in the renewable energy technologies.Solar power generation is as a kind of new electrical energy production mode, and, safety pollution-free with it, aboundresources, distribution are extensive etc., and characteristics demonstrate wide development space and application prospect.
But meanwhile; Because grid-connected inverting system relates to many key technologies, control system is complicated, and the control difficulty is bigger; Domestic present research and to use that is that all right ripe, therefore the research to parallel network reverse power supply and control technology thereof becomes when previous important field of research and developing direction.
Traditional small-power photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is mainly realized by DC voltage booster circuit and this two-stage of inverter circuit; Wherein inverter circuit generally adopts the full-bridge type structure; By 4 metal-oxide-semiconductors (each metal-oxide-semiconductor endophyte antiparallel diode); Therefore it is many to constitute switching device, and because Two Stages has influenced the transformation efficiency of whole inverter, causes transformation efficiency lower.
The utility model content
For solving the problem that prior art exists, the utility model proposes a kind of single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and the composition components and parts are less, simple in structure and transformation efficiency is high.
The utility model adopts following technical scheme to realize: a kind of single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, said inverter comprise DC-DC booster circuit and the DC-AC inverter circuit that adopts the Boost circuit to realize;
Wherein, the DC-DC booster circuit comprises: be connected the input direct voltage U that the output by photovoltaic gathers DcAnodal inductance L 1Pass through switch S 1With inductance L 1The capacitor C of serial connection; Be connected inductance L 1And the switch S between the capacitor C 1Be connected the switch S between the capacitor C two ends after the serial connection successively 2, S 4And S 6, and input direct voltage U DcNegative pole be connected switch S 2And switch S 4Common port;
And the DC-AC inverter circuit comprises: be connected switch S 6And switch S 4The inductance L x of common port; With switch S 1The switch S that is connected in series successively 3And switch S 5, and switch S 5Connect switch S 6Common port with capacitor C; Be connected switch S 3And switch S 5The inductance L y of common port, and the alternating voltage U that exports between inductance L x and the inductance L y O
Through difference control switch S 1To switch S 6Closure/disconnection makes the DC-AC inverter circuit be in the state of magnetizing at the DC-DC booster circuit, forms different inversion circuits respectively with input direct voltage U when putting magnetic state or discontinuous current state DcConvert alternating voltage U to O
Wherein, control switch S 1, switch S 3And switch S 6Closure is in the state of magnetizing at the DC-DC booster circuit, when putting magnetic state or discontinuous current state, the alternating voltage U of DC-AC inverter circuit output O=+U C, U wherein CVoltage for the capacitor C two ends.
Wherein, control switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 3And switch S 6Closure and switch S 4And switch S 5Break off, perhaps, control switch S 1, switch S 3, switch S 4And switch S 6Closure and switch S 2And switch S 5Break off, perhaps, control switch S 1, switch S 3, switch S 6Closure and switch S 2, switch S 4And switch S 5Break off, pass through switch S successively by the positive pole of capacitor C 1, switch S 3, inductance L x, inductance L y, switch S 6Form inversion circuit with the negative pole of capacitor C.
Wherein, control switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 3And switch S 4Closure, perhaps, S is closed in control 5And switch S 6Closure is in the state of magnetizing at the DC-DC booster circuit, when putting magnetic state or discontinuous current state, the alternating voltage U of DC-AC inverter circuit output O=0.
Wherein, control switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 3And switch S 4Closed and S is closed in control 5And switch S 6Break off, by inductance L x, inductance L y, switch S 4, switch S 2, switch S 1And switch S 3Form inversion circuit.
Wherein, control switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 5And switch S 6Closed and S is closed in control 3And switch S 4Break off, perhaps control switch S 1, switch S 4, switch S 5And switch S 6Closed and S is closed in control 2And switch S 3Break off, perhaps control switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 5And switch S 6Break off and control pass S 3And switch S 4Closure, perhaps control switch S 2, switch S 3, switch S 5And switch S 6Closed and S is closed in control 1And switch S 4Break off, by inductance L x, switch S 5, switch S 6Become inversion circuit with inductance L is y-shaped.
Wherein, control switch S 2, switch S 4And switch S 5Closure and switch S 6Break off, when the DC-DC booster circuit is in the state of magnetizing or discontinuous current state, the alternating voltage U of DC-AC inverter circuit output O=-U C, U wherein CVoltage for the capacitor C two ends.
Wherein, control switch S 2, switch S 3, switch S 4And switch S 5Closure and switch S 1And switch S 6Break off, perhaps control switch S 1, switch S 3And switch S 6Break off and switch S 2, switch S 4And switch S 5Closure, perhaps control switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 4And switch S 5Closure and switch S 3And switch S 6Break off, pass through switch S successively by the positive pole of capacitor C 2, switch S 4, inductance L y, inductance L x, switch S 5Form inversion circuit with the negative pole of capacitor C.
Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following beneficial effect:
The single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter that the utility model proposes, DC-DC booster circuit of in the one-level circuit, realizing and DC-AC inverter circuit are through controlling 6 switch S 1To switch S 6State (be closed or break off), make inverter circuit be in the different inversion circuit of formations different conditions under at booster circuit, realization is boosted and invert function, and the voltage transitions of solar panels is exported.Compare the inverter circuit that adopts the full-bridge type structure to realize by 4 metal-oxide-semiconductors in the conventional inverter, the utlity model has the circuit element and reduce, the simple and more high plurality of advantages of energy conversion efficiency of circuit structure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of the utility model.
Embodiment
Electrical block diagram as shown in Figure 1; The utility model proposes a kind of single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter; It comprises and being in DC-DC booster circuit of realizing in the one-level circuit (abbreviating " booster circuit " as) and DC-AC inverter circuit (abbreviating " inverter circuit " as), through boost and invert function with the voltage transitions output of solar panels.
The output of photovoltaic (solar energy electroplax) gathers into input direct voltage U at the DC side of inverter Dc, by the DC-DC booster circuit with input direct voltage U Dc, bring up to the required value of DC-AC inverter circuit.DC-AC inverter circuit output inverter voltage U O, inverter current io.
The DC-DC booster circuit adopts the Boost circuit to realize.Specifically, the DC-DC booster circuit comprises: be connected input direct voltage U DcThe inductance L of positive pole 1Capacitor C; Be connected inductance L 1And the switch S between the capacitor C 1Be connected the switch S between the capacitor C two ends after the serial connection successively 2, S 4And S 6Input direct voltage U DcNegative pole be connected switch S 2And switch S 4Common port (this common port is designated as the B point).
The DC-AC inverter circuit comprises: through switch S 3Connect inductance L 1With switch S 1The inductance L x of common port is with switch S 3Be designated as the X point with the common port of inductance L x, this X point passes through switch S 5Connect capacitor C and switch S 6Common port (this common port is designated as the N point), switch S 6And switch S 4Common port connect inductance L y, inductance L x and inductance L y are respectively the alternating voltage U that inverter is exported O, its electric current is designated as io.
For convenience, with inductance L 1With switch S 1Common port be designated as A point, switch S 2And switch S 4Common port be designated as P point, switch S 6And switch S 4Common port be designated as the N point.
DC-DC booster circuit (or being called the Boost circuit) when boosting, can be divided into: inductance L 1Magnetize, inductance L 1Put magnetic, inductance L 1These 3 stages of discontinuous current.Equally, inverter circuit also is divided into U when carrying out inversion O=+U C, U O=0 and U O=-U CThese 3 stages.
The charging process of Boost circuit: inductance L 1Magnetize stored energy.Make switch S through controller (not drawing among Fig. 1) 1And switch S 2Closed, switch S 4Break off, at this moment, from input direct voltage U DcThe direct current of positive pole output through inductance L 1, switch S 1And switch S 2Get back to input direct voltage U DcNegative pole, inductance L 1On electric current increase so that certain ratio is linear, this ratio is with inductance L 1Size is relevant.Along with inductance L 1Electric current increases, inductance L 1In stored some energy, up to inductance L 1The voltage U at two ends L=input direct voltage U DcTime charging finishes.
The discharge process of Boost circuit: inductance L 1Discharge, the capacitor C charging.Make switch S through controller (not drawing among Fig. 1) 1, switch S 4And switch S 6Closed, switch S 2Break off, at this moment input direct voltage U Dc, inductance L 1And new current circuit of formation between the capacitor C.Because inductance L 1The electric current retention performance, the inductance L of flowing through 1Electric current can not become 0 at once, but the value when being finished by charging slowly becomes 0.Inductance L 1Begin discharge, i.e. inductance L 1Begin to capacitor C charging, capacitor C voltage U CRaise, at this moment capacitor C voltage U CBe higher than input direct voltage U Dc.At this moment, inductance L 1The voltage U at two ends L=U Dc-U C
Specifically, as inversion U O=+U CThe time, promptly the X point link to each other with the P point, (switch S when Y links to each other with the N point 1, switch S 3And switch S 6Closed), the Boost circuit can be operated in any state: make switch S simultaneously 2Closure, inductance L 1Magnetize inductance L 1The voltage U at two ends L=input direct voltage U Dc, at this moment, the positive pole of capacitor C passes through switch S successively 1And switch S 3Connect inductance L x, inductance L y connects switch S simultaneously 6Thereby, inverter circuit output inverter voltage U OEqual+U CSwitch S 2Break off and switch S 4When closed, inductance L 1Putting magnetic is the capacitor C charging, inductance L 1The voltage U at two ends L=U Dc-U C, the loop that inverter circuit forms still with inductance L 1Loop when magnetizing is consistent; When the discontinuous current of Boost circuit, the loop that inverter circuit forms is still constant.Therefore, as inversion U O=+U CThe time, the Boost circuit can be operated in any state.
As inversion U O=0 o'clock, X point, Y point linked to each other with the P point simultaneously at this moment, or link to each other with the N point simultaneously, and the Boost circuit also can be operated in any state: work as inductance L 1Magnetize inductance L 1The voltage U at two ends L=input direct voltage U Dc, at this moment, make switch S 3And switch S 4Closure and switch S 5And switch S 5Break off, or make switch S 3And switch S 4Break off and switch S 5And switch S 5Closure, inversion circuit forms the loop that does not connect capacitor C, inversion U O=0; Make switch S 1, switch S 4, switch S 5And switch S 6Closure and switch S 3And switch S 2Break off inductance L 1Putting magnetic is the capacitor C charging, inductance L 1The voltage U at two ends L=U Dc-U C, the loop that inversion circuit forms does not still connect capacitor C, inversion U O=0; Make switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 3And switch S 4Break off and switch S 5And switch S 6Closure, inductance L 1Discontinuous current, the loop that inversion circuit forms does not still connect capacitor C, inversion U O=0; Make switch S 2, switch S 3, switch S 5And switch S 6Closure and switch S 1And switch S 4Break off input direct voltage U DcVoltage U with capacitor C CGive inductance L simultaneously 1Magnetize, at this moment U L=U Dc+ U C, the loop that inversion circuit forms does not still connect capacitor C, inversion U O=0.Therefore, as inversion U O=0 o'clock, the Boost circuit can be operated in any state.
As inversion U O=-U CThe time, promptly the X point links to each other with the N point, and the Y point links to each other with the P point, and this moment, the Boost circuit can only be operated in inductance L 1Magnetize or inductance L 1Discontinuous current state: make switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 4And switch S 5Closure and switch S 3And switch S 6Break off input direct voltage U DcGive inductance L 1Magnetize, at this moment U L=U Dc, the positive pole of capacitor C is through switch S 2, switch S 4Connect inductance L y, and the negative pole of capacitor C is through switch S 5Connect inductance L x, at this moment the output voltage U of inverter circuit O=-U CMake switch S 2, switch S 3, switch S 4And switch S 5Closure and switch S 1And switch S 6Break off input direct voltage U DcVoltage U with capacitor C CGive inductance L simultaneously 1Magnetize, at this moment U L=U Dc+ U C, the positive pole of capacitor C is through switch S 2, switch S 4Connect inductance L y, and the negative pole of capacitor C is through switch S 5Connect inductance L x, at this moment the output voltage U of inverter circuit O=-U CMake switch S 1, switch S 3And switch S 6Break off and switch S 2, switch S 4And switch S 5Closure, inductance L at this moment 1Be in the discontinuous current state, the positive pole of capacitor C is through switch S 2, switch S 4Connect inductance L y, and the negative pole of capacitor C is through switch S 5Connect inductance L x, at this moment the output voltage U of inverter circuit O=-U C
In a power frequency period, Uo>0 and io 0 o'clock be called positive half cycle, Uo 0 and io <be called negative half period at 0 o'clock.Therefore, when Uo=+Uc or Uo=0, booster circuit boosts and handles that to carry out with inverter circuit that inversion handles be separate when Boost circuit any process or state that boosts of can working, promptly positive half cycle; When Uo=-Uc, the Boost circuit can only be operated in inductance L 1The state that magnetizes, it is independent with inversion therefore when negative half period, to boost.
At the negative half period of inversion, inverter circuit output voltage U o=-Uc, and the Boost circuit can only be operated in inductance L 1State (inductance L magnetizes 1Be in the electric current continuous state) or the discontinuous current state, the inversion process of the process of boosting of Boost circuit and inverter circuit is not separate at this moment.
To sum up, the single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter that the utility model proposes, DC-DC booster circuit of in the one-level circuit, realizing and DC-AC inverter circuit are through controlling 6 switch S 1To switch S 6State (be closed or break off), make inverter circuit be in the different inversion circuit of formations different conditions under at booster circuit, realization is boosted and invert function, and the voltage transitions of solar panels is exported.Compare the inverter circuit that adopts the full-bridge type structure to realize by 4 metal-oxide-semiconductors in the conventional inverter, the utlity model has the circuit element and reduce, the simple and more high plurality of advantages of energy conversion efficiency of circuit structure.
The above is merely the preferred embodiment of the utility model; Not in order to restriction the utility model; Any modification of being done within all spirit and principles at the utility model, be equal to replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within the protection range of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. a single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is characterized in that, said inverter comprises DC-DC booster circuit and the DC-AC inverter circuit that adopts the Boost circuit to realize;
Wherein, the DC-DC booster circuit comprises: be connected the input direct voltage U that the output by photovoltaic gathers DcAnodal inductance L 1Pass through switch S 1With inductance L 1The capacitor C of serial connection; Be connected inductance L 1And the switch S between the capacitor C 1Be connected the switch S between the capacitor C two ends after the serial connection successively 2, S 4And S 6, and input direct voltage U DcNegative pole be connected switch S 2And switch S 4Common port;
And the DC-AC inverter circuit comprises: be connected switch S 6And switch S 4The inductance L x of common port; With switch S 1The switch S that is connected in series successively 3And switch S 5, and switch S 5Connect switch S 6Common port with capacitor C; Be connected switch S 3And switch S 5The inductance L y of common port, and the alternating voltage U that exports between inductance L x and the inductance L y O
Through difference control switch S 1To switch S 6Closure/disconnection makes the DC-AC inverter circuit be in the state of magnetizing at the DC-DC booster circuit, forms different inversion circuits respectively with input direct voltage U when putting magnetic state or discontinuous current state DcConvert alternating voltage U to O
2. according to the said single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of claim 1, it is characterized in that control switch S 1, switch S 3And switch S 6Closure is in the state of magnetizing at the DC-DC booster circuit, when putting magnetic state or discontinuous current state, the alternating voltage U of DC-AC inverter circuit output O=+U C, U wherein CVoltage for the capacitor C two ends.
3. according to the said single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of claim 2, it is characterized in that control switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 3And switch S 6Closure and switch S 4And switch S 5Break off, perhaps, control switch S 1, switch S 3, switch S 4And switch S 6Closure and switch S 2And switch S 5Break off, perhaps, control switch S 1, switch S 3, switch S 6Closure and switch S 2, switch S 4And switch S 5Break off, pass through switch S successively by the positive pole of capacitor C 1, switch S 3, inductance L x, inductance L y, switch S 6Form inversion circuit with the negative pole of capacitor C.
4. according to the said single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of claim 1, it is characterized in that control switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 3And switch S 4Closure, perhaps, S is closed in control 5And switch S 6Closure is in the state of magnetizing at the DC-DC booster circuit, when putting magnetic state or discontinuous current state, the alternating voltage U of DC-AC inverter circuit output O=0.
5. according to the said single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of claim 4, it is characterized in that control switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 3And switch S 4Closed and S is closed in control 5And switch S 6Break off, by inductance L x, inductance L y, switch S 4, switch S 2, switch S 1And switch S 3Form inversion circuit.
6. according to the said single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of claim 4, it is characterized in that control switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 5And switch S 6Closed and S is closed in control 3And switch S 4Break off, perhaps control switch S 1, switch S 4, switch S 5And switch S 6Closed and S is closed in control 2And switch S 3Break off, perhaps control switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 5And switch S 6Break off and control pass S 3And switch S 4Closure, perhaps control switch S 2, switch S 3, switch S 5And switch S 6Closed and S is closed in control 1And switch S 4Break off, by inductance L x, switch S 5, switch S 6Become inversion circuit with inductance L is y-shaped.
7. according to the said single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of claim 1, it is characterized in that control switch S 2, switch S 4And switch S 5Closure and switch S 6Break off, when the DC-DC booster circuit is in the state of magnetizing or discontinuous current state, the alternating voltage U of DC-AC inverter circuit output O=-U C, U wherein CVoltage for the capacitor C two ends.
8. according to the said single-stage photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of claim 7, it is characterized in that control switch S 2, switch S 3, switch S 4And switch S 5Closure and switch S 1And switch S 6Break off, perhaps control switch S 1, switch S 3And switch S 6Break off and switch S 2, switch S 4And switch S 5Closure, perhaps control switch S 1, switch S 2, switch S 4And switch S 5Closure and switch S 3And switch S 6Break off, pass through switch S successively by the positive pole of capacitor C 2, switch S 4, inductance L y, inductance L x, switch S 5Form inversion circuit with the negative pole of capacitor C.
CN 201220243599 2012-05-28 2012-05-28 Single-stage photovoltaic inverter Expired - Lifetime CN202617031U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102651621B (en) * 2012-05-28 2014-12-17 深圳科士达科技股份有限公司 Single-stage photovoltaic inverter
WO2018000349A1 (en) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-04 周肇梅 Photovoltaic inverter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102651621B (en) * 2012-05-28 2014-12-17 深圳科士达科技股份有限公司 Single-stage photovoltaic inverter
WO2018000349A1 (en) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-04 周肇梅 Photovoltaic inverter

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