CN202612262U - Piston cylinder and engineering machinery - Google Patents

Piston cylinder and engineering machinery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN202612262U
CN202612262U CN 201220286120 CN201220286120U CN202612262U CN 202612262 U CN202612262 U CN 202612262U CN 201220286120 CN201220286120 CN 201220286120 CN 201220286120 U CN201220286120 U CN 201220286120U CN 202612262 U CN202612262 U CN 202612262U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
piston
cushion collar
groove
piston rod
cylinder
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN 201220286120
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陶军
左春庚
邹婿邵
张劲
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Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN 201220286120 priority Critical patent/CN202612262U/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN202612262U publication Critical patent/CN202612262U/en
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a piston cylinder, this piston cylinder includes the cylinder, a piston, the piston rod, uide bushing and cushion collar, the piston sets up in the cylinder and is connected with the one end of piston rod, the uide bushing sets up and passes outside the uide bushing stretches out the cylinder at the one end of cylinder and the other end of piston rod, be formed with the hydraulic fluid port on the uide bushing, be formed with annular channel between uide bushing and the piston rod, the hydraulic fluid port has the pole chamber intercommunication through annular channel and piston cylinder, the cushion collar cover is established on the piston rod and is located between the step face of piston and piston rod, the external diameter of cushion collar and the internal diameter phase-match of uide bushing, be formed with the clearance between cushion collar and the piston rod, wherein, be provided with at least one first groove on the step face, this at least one first groove along radially extending and. The utility model also discloses an engineering machine tool. The piston cylinder can avoid pressure impact between the buffer sleeve and the piston rod, and reduce fatigue stress of the buffer sleeve and the piston rod.

Description

Piston cylinder and engineering machinery
Technical field
The utility model relates to engineering machinery field, particularly, relates to a kind of piston cylinder and engineering machinery.
Background technique
In a large amount of engineering machinery; All adopt piston cylinder to come the action of control executing mechanism; For example flexible, the action of arm of supporting leg and the action of scraper bowl etc., and the piston cylinder in the various application all can produce impact in various degree between piston and the cylinder bottom when action.Excavator is as a kind of visual plant in the engineering machinery, and it acts frequently, reaction velocity is very fast, thereby this impact is especially bigger.Because to the movement speed of excavator, the requirement of stable aspect; Piston cylinder in the excavator (for example boom cylinder, bucket arm cylinder) all can add damping mechanism in the one or both sides of piston; This damping mechanism is generally the throttle type damping mechanism; Thereby when piston gets into an end or the other end of cylinder barrel, can form buffer cavity, come deceleration of motion to produce certain compensator or trimmer pressure, and then reduce bump and the hydraulic shock of piston cylinder at two ends to piston.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as the exemplary block diagram of the piston cylinder of excavator commonly used at present; This piston cylinder comprises cylinder barrel 1, piston 2, piston rod 3, guide sleeve 4 and cushion collar 5; Piston 2 is arranged in the cylinder barrel 1 and with piston rod 3 and is connected; Guide sleeve 4 is arranged on an end of cylinder barrel 1 and an end of piston rod 3 stretches out cylinder barrel 1 from guide sleeve 4, is formed with the hydraulic fluid port 6 that is communicated with the rod chamber of piston cylinder on the guide sleeve 4, and cushion collar 5 is set in the position that is positioned on the piston rod 3 near piston 2.
When piston 2 during towards guide sleeve 4 motion, the fluid in the rod chamber is through annular pass 14 and hydraulic fluid port 6 oil returns between piston rod 3 and the guide sleeve 4.When piston 2 moves to cushion collar 5 and contacts with guide sleeve 4; Annular pass 14 is cushioned cover 5 sealings; The main oil circuit of piston cylinder is blocked; Between piston 2 and guide sleeve 4, form this moment and produce certain pressure in buffer cavity and the buffer cavity, make cushion collar 5 pressurizeds near the step surface 9 of piston rod 3, thereby form reliable end face seal.Fluid just can't (form the gap of the 0.5mm that has an appointment through the gap 10 between cushion collar 5 and the piston rod 3 usually between cushion collar 5 and the piston rod 3 like this; Thereby can radial motion with the compensation machining error) flow to hydraulic fluid port 6 and carry out oil return, but groove 7 and hydraulic fluid port 6 oil returns through being provided with on the cushion collar 5.Along with piston 2 continues motion; Because the outer wall of groove 7 non-through cushion collars 5 causes the orifice size of buffer cavity more and more littler, the pressure in the buffer cavity is increasing; Thereby the movement velocity of piston 2 is slowed down gradually, to reach the end impact that reduces piston cylinder and the purpose of vibration.When piston 2 reversing motions, fluid gets in the rod chamber through the gap between hydraulic fluid port 6 and cushion collar 5 and the piston rod 3 10, thereby quick oil feeding is to reduce the reverse time that starts.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 1, when cushion collar 5 was pressed to the step surface 9 of piston rod 3, can there be bigger compression shock in gap 10 near regional area (be positioned at like the gap step surface 9 of piston rod zone 8) in existing structure.Because acting frequently of piston cylinder causes this regional fatigue stress bigger, cause the fatigue life of cushion collar 5 and piston rod 3 lower, damage easily.
The model utility content
The purpose of the utility model provides a kind of piston cylinder and engineering machinery, and this piston cylinder can be avoided the compression shock between cushion collar and the piston rod, reduces the fatigue stress of cushion collar and piston rod, plays a protective role.
To achieve these goals; The utility model provides a kind of piston cylinder, and this piston cylinder comprises cylinder barrel, piston, piston rod, guide sleeve and cushion collar, and said piston is arranged in the said cylinder barrel and with an end of said piston rod and is connected; The other end that said guide sleeve is arranged on an end and the said piston rod of said cylinder barrel passes said guide sleeve and stretches out outside the said cylinder barrel; Be formed with hydraulic fluid port on the said guide sleeve, be formed with the annular pass between said guide sleeve and the said piston rod, said hydraulic fluid port is communicated with the rod chamber of said piston cylinder through said annular pass; Said cushion collar is set on the said piston rod and between the step surface of said piston and said piston rod; The external diameter of said cushion collar and the internal diameter of said guide sleeve are complementary, and are formed with the gap between said cushion collar and the said piston rod, wherein; Said step surface is provided with at least one first groove, and this at least one first groove radially extends and is communicated with to form throttling passage with said gap.
Preferably, said step surface is provided with a plurality of first grooves, and these a plurality of first grooves circumferentially evenly distribute along said piston rod.
Preferably, the position near said step surface of said piston rod is formed with annular groove, and said first groove is communicated with said gap through said annular groove.
Preferably, said cushion collar near being formed with at least one second groove on the said piston end face, this at least one second groove radially extends, said rod chamber is communicated with said gap through said second groove.
Preferably, the outer circumferential face of said cushion collar is provided with at least one groove, and this at least one groove is corresponding with said at least one first groove respectively, and the axial length of said groove is less than the axial length of said cushion collar.
Preferably, the outer circumferential face of said cushion collar is provided with a plurality of grooves, and these a plurality of grooves circumferentially evenly distribute along said cushion collar.
Preferably, the radial width in said gap is 0.5mm ~ 2mm.
Preferably, the end near said step surface of said cushion collar is formed with chamfering.
The utility model a kind of engineering machinery is provided on the other hand, this project machinery has piston cylinder, wherein, this piston cylinder is according to piston cylinder recited above.
Pass through technique scheme; When the cylinder barrel end is arrived in piston motion; Be piston during gradually near guide sleeve, the rod chamber of piston cylinder keeps the state of normal open all the time through gap, first groove and annular pass with hydraulic fluid port, thereby cushion collar has buffer function to the motion of piston.In addition; First groove that is formed on the step surface of piston rod is in throttle all the time in this process; Thereby the gap that is positioned at the step surface near zone can not produce compression shock, reduces this regional fatigue stress, thereby protected cushion collar and piston rod; Avoid cushion collar and piston rod to clash into each other and damage, improved their working life.
Other feature and advantage of the utility model will partly specify in embodiment subsequently.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the further understanding that is used to provide the utility model, and constitutes the part of specification, is used to explain the utility model with following embodiment, but does not constitute the restriction to the utility model.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the piston cylinder of existing technology;
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing of piston cylinder shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the piston cylinder of the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing of piston cylinder shown in Figure 3; And
Fig. 5 is the stereogram of the cushion collar of piston cylinder shown in Figure 3.
Description of reference numerals
1 cylinder barrel, 2 pistons
3 piston rods, 4 guide sleeves
5 cushion collars, 6 hydraulic fluid ports
7 grooves, 8 zones
9 step surfaces, 10 gaps
11 first grooves, 12 annular grooves
13 second grooves, 14 annular passs
Embodiment
Be elaborated below in conjunction with the embodiment of accompanying drawing to the utility model.Should be understood that embodiment described herein only is used for explanation and explains the utility model, is not limited to the utility model.
Like Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4; The one side of the utility model provides a kind of piston cylinder; This piston cylinder comprises cylinder barrel 1, piston 2, piston rod 3, guide sleeve 4 and cushion collar 5; Said piston 2 is arranged in the said cylinder barrel 1, and can to-and-fro motion in cylinder barrel 1, and piston 2 is connected with an end of said piston rod 3.For motion that guides piston rod 3 and the end that seals cylinder barrel 1; The other end that said guide sleeve 4 is arranged on an end and the said piston rod 3 of said cylinder barrel 1 passes said guide sleeve 4 and stretches out outside the said cylinder barrel 1, and the other end of piston rod 3 can be connected with other mechanism.
Be formed with hydraulic fluid port 6 on the said guide sleeve 4; Hydraulic fluid port 6 is communicated with external oil pipe; And be formed with annular pass 14 between said guide sleeve 4 and the said piston rod 3; Said hydraulic fluid port 6 is communicated with the rod chamber of said piston cylinder through said annular pass 14, and in the time of in cushion collar 5 does not get into guide sleeve 4, the fluid in the rod chamber can flow out cylinder barrel 1 through hydraulic fluid port 6.Said cushion collar 5 is set on the said piston rod 3 and between the step surface 9 of said piston 2 and said piston rod 3; The internal diameter of the external diameter of said cushion collar 5 and said guide sleeve 4 is complementary; It is the external diameter that the internal diameter of guide sleeve 4 is substantially equal to cushion collar 5; Thereby piston 2 is when guide sleeve 4 motions, and cushion collar 5 can get in the guide sleeve 4, forms sealing to stop up annular pass 14 gradually.
Be formed with gap 10 between said cushion collar 5 and the said piston rod 3, this gap 10 is for annular and thickness are approximately 0.5mm, thereby the fluid in the rod chamber can get in this gap 10.When cushion collar 5 gets in the guide sleeve 4 and obstruction annular pass 14; Because at least one first groove 11 that is arranged on the said step surface 9 is communicated with said gap 10; At least one first groove 11 radially flow in the annular pass 14 fluid in the gap 10 through this; And first groove 11 has throttling action, and fluid flows out cylinder barrel 1 through hydraulic fluid port 6 at last.
Therefore; When piston 2 moves to cylinder barrel 1 end; Be piston 2 during gradually near guide sleeve 4, the rod chamber of piston cylinder keeps the state of normal opens all the time through gap 10, first groove 11 and annular pass 14 with hydraulic fluid port 6, thereby the motion of 5 pairs of pistons 2 of cushion collar has buffer function.In addition; First groove 11 that is formed on the step surface 9 of piston rod 3 is in throttle all the time in this process; Thereby the gap 10 that is positioned at step surface 9 near zones can not produce compression shock, reduces this regional fatigue stress, thereby protected cushion collar 5 and piston rod 3; Avoid cushion collar 5 and piston rod 3 to clash into each other and damage, improved their working life.
When hydraulic fluid port 6 oil-feeds; Cushion collar 5 under the effect of pressure oil to left movement; Make between cushion collar 5 and the step surface 9 and form the gap, owing to be formed with first groove 11 of normal open on the step surface 9 of piston rod 3, and first groove 11 is communicated with gap 10; And then fluid can get in the rod chamber of piston cylinder 2 reversing motions of promotion piston fast.Therefore, when the piston rod of piston cylinder 3 shrank, rod chamber can quick oil feeding, to realize quick startup, reduces the reaction time.
As shown in Figure 3, in order to improve the throttling action of first groove 11, preferably, said step surface 9 is provided with a plurality of first grooves 11, these a plurality of first grooves 11 circumferentially evenly distributing along said piston rod 3.Because along a plurality of first grooves 11 of circumferentially evenly being provided with of piston rod 3, these a plurality of first grooves 11 all have throttling action, thereby have improved the buffer function of cushion collar 5.Fluid in a plurality of first grooves 11 all can slow down the collision between cushion collar 5 and the piston rod 3, thereby has reduced the compression shock of step surface 9 near zones.
As shown in Figure 4, first groove 11 is communicated with gap 10 more smoothly for ease, and preferably, the position near said step surface 9 of said piston rod 3 is formed with annular groove 12, and said first groove 11 is communicated with said gap 10 through said annular groove 12.Can shorten first groove 11 length radially like this, make things convenient for its processing, and can not influence the receive force intensity of piston rod 3, guarantee the structural stability of piston rod 3 at step surface 9 places.Because annular groove 12 is arranged on the corner location that first groove 11 is connected with gap 10, the fluid that can also cushion here impacts, and makes that the fluid circulation is smooth and easy.
Because the length of cushion collar 5 can be set to less than the distance between piston 2 and the step surface 9, thereby cushion collar 5 can move vertically.When cushion collar 5 got into guide sleeve 4, the fluid in the rod chamber was exerted pressure to cushion collar 5, makes cushion collar 5 be pressed against on the step surface 9.
The wearing and tearing that cause for the axial motion that reduces cushion collar 5, as shown in Figure 3, cushion collar 5 is arranged between piston 2 and the step surface 9, make its motion vertically less.In addition, as shown in Figure 5, be formed with at least one second groove 13 on the end face near said piston 2 of said cushion collar 5, this at least one second groove 13 radially extends, and said rod chamber is communicated with said gap 10 through said second groove 13.In this mode of execution, cushion collar 5 has along circumferential equally distributed a plurality of second grooves 13, and the fluid in the rod chamber flows to then in the annular groove 12 and flows to annular pass 14 through first groove 11 through in second groove, the 13 inflow gap 10, flows out from hydraulic fluid port 6 at last.Cushion collar 5 fixed-site are avoided causing pressure surge and the impact in the rod chamber, reduce the collision to step surface 9, reduce the wearing and tearing between cushion collar 5 and the piston rod 3.
In order further to improve cushioning effect; Like Fig. 3-shown in Figure 5, preferably, the outer circumferential face of said cushion collar 5 is provided with at least one groove 7; This at least one groove 7 is corresponding with said at least one first groove 11 respectively, and the axial length of said groove 7 is less than the axial length of said cushion collar 5.In this embodiment, cushion collar 5 is provided with three grooves 7, and step surface 9 is provided with three first grooves 11, and both mate each other.
When piston 2 did not get into guide sleeve 4, the fluid in the rod chamber flowed out from hydraulic fluid port 6 through annular pass 14, and cushion collar 5 does not have buffer function; When piston 2 has just got into guide sleeve 4; Fluid part in the rod chamber is through in the groove 7 inflow annular passs 14; Another part is through in second groove 13, gap 10 and first groove, the 11 inflow annular passs 14 that communicate with each other; Finally all pass through hydraulic fluid port 6 and flow out, have two kinds of different throttle structures in this piston cylinder, make that the buffer function of cushion collar 5 is better; When piston 2 continues towards guide sleeve 4 motions when groove 7 covers by guide sleeve 4 fully; Groove 7 throttling action that do not recur; Fluid in the rod chamber is all through in second groove 13, gap 10 and first groove, the 11 inflow annular passs 14; Finally all pass through hydraulic fluid port 6 and flow out, this moment, first groove 11 was still brought into play throttling action, made that cushion collar 5 is brought into play buffer function always in the whole process of piston 2 motions.
As shown in Figure 5, for the cushion effect that makes cushion collar 5 evenly distributes, preferably, the outer circumferential face of said cushion collar 5 is provided with a plurality of grooves 7, these a plurality of grooves 7 circumferentially evenly distributing along said cushion collar 5.A plurality of grooves 7 are set make cushioning effect improve, it evenly is arranged on the side face of cushion collar 5, make the simple in structure of cushion collar 5, manufacturing is easy.
In order to simplify the manufacturing of piston cylinder, preferably, the radial width in said gap 10 is 0.5mm ~ 2mm.The piston cylinder in the gap 10 of the radial width of employing 0.5mm can not change the structure and the size of the cushion collar 5 of piston cylinder of the prior art, reduces the change of making and adding man-hour, simplifies manufacturing process.In addition; Adopt the piston cylinder in the gap 10 of big radial width (for example 2mm); The fit dimension of cushion collar 5 and piston rod 3 is bigger, and the requirement on machining accuracy of cushion collar 5 is lower, has reduced the manufacturing and the difficulty of processing of cushion collar 5; And easier when installing, thereby the manufacturing and the assembling of whole piston cylinder have been simplified.At this moment, throttling action is not played in gap 10,11 throttling actions of first groove, and its flow area can not change, and throttling action is steady.
In order to make piston 2 in the process of motion, can successfully get in the guide sleeve 4, as shown in Figure 5, preferably, the end near said step surface 9 of said cushion collar 5 is formed with chamfering.The end of cushion collar 5 forms chamfering, has both improved the manufacturability and the practicability of cushion collar 5 processing, has guaranteed the installation degree of adaptability between cushion collar 5 and the guide sleeve 4 again.
The utility model a kind of engineering machinery is provided on the other hand, this project machinery has piston cylinder, wherein, this piston cylinder is according to piston cylinder recited above.
Piston cylinder recited above is applicable to the various engineering machinery that need hydraulic actuator; Particularly act frequently, the excavator of large impact etc.; Its good cushioning effect can improve the working life of piston cylinder, and reduces the various hydraulic shocks in the working procedure.
More than combine accompanying drawing to describe the preferred implementation of the utility model in detail; But; The utility model is not limited to the detail in the above-mentioned mode of execution; In the technical conceive scope of the utility model, can carry out multiple simple variant to the technological scheme of the utility model, these simple variant all belong to the protection domain of the utility model.
Need to prove in addition; Each concrete technical characteristics described in above-mentioned embodiment under reconcilable situation, can make up through any suitable manner; For fear of unnecessary repetition, the utility model is to the explanation no longer separately of various possible compound modes.
In addition, also can carry out combination in any between the various mode of execution of the utility model, as long as its thought without prejudice to the utility model, it should be regarded as content disclosed in the utility model equally.

Claims (9)

1. piston cylinder; This piston cylinder comprises cylinder barrel (1), piston (2), piston rod (3), guide sleeve (4) and cushion collar (5); Said piston (2) is arranged in the said cylinder barrel (1) and with an end of said piston rod (3) and is connected; The other end that said guide sleeve (4) is arranged on an end and the said piston rod (3) of said cylinder barrel (1) passes said guide sleeve (4) and stretches out outside the said cylinder barrel (1); Be formed with hydraulic fluid port (6) on the said guide sleeve (4); Be formed with annular pass (14) between said guide sleeve (4) and the said piston rod (3); Said hydraulic fluid port (6) is communicated with the rod chamber of said piston cylinder through said annular pass (14), and said cushion collar (5) is set on the said piston rod (3) and is positioned between the step surface (9) of said piston (2) and said piston rod (3), and the internal diameter of the external diameter of said cushion collar (5) and said guide sleeve (4) is complementary; Be formed with gap (10) between said cushion collar (5) and the said piston rod (3); It is characterized in that said step surface (9) is provided with at least one first groove (11), this at least one first groove (11) radially extends and is communicated with to form throttling passage with said gap (10).
2. piston cylinder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said step surface (9) is provided with a plurality of first grooves (11), and these a plurality of first grooves (11) circumferentially evenly distribute along said piston rod (3).
3. piston cylinder according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The position near said step surface (9) of said piston rod (3) is formed with annular groove (12), and said first groove (11) is communicated with said gap (10) through said annular groove (12).
4. piston cylinder according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Be formed with at least one second groove (13) on the end face near said piston (2) of said cushion collar (5); This at least one second groove (13) radially extends, and said rod chamber is communicated with said gap (10) through said second groove (13).
5. piston cylinder according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The outer circumferential face of said cushion collar (5) is provided with at least one groove (7); This at least one groove (7) is corresponding with said at least one first groove (11) respectively, and the axial length of said groove (7) is less than the axial length of said cushion collar (5).
6. piston cylinder according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the outer circumferential face of said cushion collar (5) is provided with a plurality of grooves (7), and these a plurality of grooves (7) circumferentially evenly distribute along said cushion collar (5).
7. piston cylinder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the radial width of said gap (10) is 0.5mm ~ 2mm.
8. piston cylinder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the end near said step surface (9) of said cushion collar (5) is formed with chamfering.
9. engineering machinery, this project machinery has piston cylinder, it is characterized in that, and this piston cylinder is according to any described piston cylinder among the claim 1-8.
CN 201220286120 2012-06-18 2012-06-18 Piston cylinder and engineering machinery Expired - Fee Related CN202612262U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 201220286120 CN202612262U (en) 2012-06-18 2012-06-18 Piston cylinder and engineering machinery

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 201220286120 CN202612262U (en) 2012-06-18 2012-06-18 Piston cylinder and engineering machinery

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CN202612262U true CN202612262U (en) 2012-12-19

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CN 201220286120 Expired - Fee Related CN202612262U (en) 2012-06-18 2012-06-18 Piston cylinder and engineering machinery

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CN (1) CN202612262U (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104074837A (en) * 2014-07-14 2014-10-01 柳州柳工液压件有限公司 Buffering oil cylinder
CN104141651A (en) * 2014-07-04 2014-11-12 长沙中联消防机械有限公司 Support connection structure of oil cylinder and engineering machine
CN104197001A (en) * 2014-08-26 2014-12-10 孙金福 Oil cylinder buffer structure
WO2015043307A1 (en) * 2013-09-25 2015-04-02 Shenzhen Byd Auto R&D Company Limited Piston cyliner and forklift having the same
CN113404737A (en) * 2021-05-24 2021-09-17 中联重科股份有限公司 Hydraulic cylinder and hoisting device

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015043307A1 (en) * 2013-09-25 2015-04-02 Shenzhen Byd Auto R&D Company Limited Piston cyliner and forklift having the same
CN104141651A (en) * 2014-07-04 2014-11-12 长沙中联消防机械有限公司 Support connection structure of oil cylinder and engineering machine
CN104074837A (en) * 2014-07-14 2014-10-01 柳州柳工液压件有限公司 Buffering oil cylinder
CN104197001A (en) * 2014-08-26 2014-12-10 孙金福 Oil cylinder buffer structure
CN113404737A (en) * 2021-05-24 2021-09-17 中联重科股份有限公司 Hydraulic cylinder and hoisting device

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C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20121219

Termination date: 20160618

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee