CN202596706U - Drill hole bottom sediment thickness detection device based on hardness difference sensing - Google Patents

Drill hole bottom sediment thickness detection device based on hardness difference sensing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN202596706U
CN202596706U CN 201220228980 CN201220228980U CN202596706U CN 202596706 U CN202596706 U CN 202596706U CN 201220228980 CN201220228980 CN 201220228980 CN 201220228980 U CN201220228980 U CN 201220228980U CN 202596706 U CN202596706 U CN 202596706U
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feeler lever
sediment
base plate
foot
circuit board
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杨燕军
杨光
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Wuhan Yanhai Engineering Tech Co Ltd
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Wuhan Yanhai Engineering Tech Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a drill hole bottom sediment thickness detection device based on hardness difference sensing. The device relates to technology of constructional engineering detection. The device comprises a detection instrument (00) and a winch (100) which are arranged on the ground. An underground sensor is also arranged and comprises a mechanical probe rod (10), a round base disc (20), a long cylinder (30), a linear stepping motor (40), a connection wire (50), a circuit board (60), a cable socket (70), a multi-core cable (80) and a sealing ring (90). The method is achieved by utilizing the fact that sediment, slurry and original soil have large difference in thickness. The device is simple, audio-visual, easy to understand, easy to achieve, flexible and suitable for use. The device improves thickness detection accuracy of drill hole bottom sediment, and is suitable for being widely applied to drill hole bottom sediment thickness detection in the constructional engineering.

Description

A kind of foot of hole sediment thickness checkout gear based on the nonhomogeneous hardness sensing
Technical field
The utility model relates to the construction work detection technique, relates in particular to a kind of foot of hole sediment thickness checkout gear based on the nonhomogeneous hardness sensing.
Background technology
Bored pile is one of foundation pile form common in the construction work, and its effect is that Load Transfer with the top-out structure is in the deep layer steady soil or on the lithosphere.Bored Pile Construction is divided into " boring " and " concrete perfusion " two stages in boring.The quality of drilling quality is directly connected to the pile quality that forms behind the concrete perfusion.If the foot of hole sediment is blocked up, can make that the foundation pile stake is long to be reduced; Especially to being master's foundation pile with the bottom end load, its supporting capacity will receive direct influence, might cause producing differential settlement between the foundation pile, and then bring the potential safety hazard of top-out structure.
" technical code for building pile foundation " (the industry standard JGJ94-2008 of the People's Republic of China (PRC)) 6.3.9 bar regulation: after the construction of boring is accomplished; The thickness of tackling the foot of hole sediment at concrete perfusion in the past detects; Its result should meet following requirement, otherwise should carry out hole processing clearly.
1, the type stake is held in the opposite end, should be greater than 50mm;
2, to the stake of friction type, should be greater than 100mm;
3, to resistance to plucking, horizontal force resistant stake, should be greater than 200mm.
The foot of hole sediment is mainly caused by construction.As shown in Figure 1, the construction back exists mud layer 3, sediment layer 2 and former soil layer 1 usually in boring 6 bottoms.
The sediment thickness detection method of using at present mainly contains drop weight method, electrical quantity method (resistivity or electric capacity) and sonic method.
One, plummet method
It detects principle and sees Fig. 2.Testing tool is a taper plummet 8, and its top connects lining rope 7.Plummet 8 is put into boring 6 by manual work, and judges with people's feel whether plummet 8 arrives the surface of sediment 2; Confirm depth value h in Fig. 2 according to the scale on the lining rope 7 this moment; Rely on the deadweight of plummet 8 to make its bottom that arrives boring 6 then, confirm drilling depth value H among Fig. 2 again; Calculate the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 that (H-h) is sediment 2.
This method is simple, and is with low cost; But the sediment surface location is definite entirely with subjective sensation, and error is bigger.
Two, electrical quantity method
This method is that the electrical property difference of utilizing different medium to exist detects sediment thickness, and for example water, mud and sediment have different resistivity and capacitance.Concrete grammar is: the downhole sensor that measurement electrode is installed at first is placed to foot of hole, confirms drilling depth value H this moment; Winding shaft lower sensor upwards then detects the electrical quantity of the other medium of measurement electrode of downhole sensor, in its outcome record detecting instrument on the ground simultaneously in this process.When downhole sensor is upward through sediment surface and when getting into mud layer, electrical parameter values presents variation.The curve of model shown in Figure 3 is a kind of comparatively ideal situation, electrical parameter values (for example resistivity) when sharply changing pairing depth value h be the position on sediment surface.Same calculate (H-h) is the sediment thickness value.
Usually drilling construction need cooperate the operation of water filling ability, and the moisture content of sediment layer is higher usually, and water is bigger to the electrical property influence of medium, and this makes that at sediment surface location place electrical parameter values presents phenomenon jumpy and is not prone to.In addition, when downhole sensor is positioned at a certain degree of depth, the medium in the other certain area coverage of measurement electrode all will influence measurement result: the medium ionization electrode more closely then influences greatly more in theory, more far then influences more little; Therefore resulting electrical parameter values should be in this regional extent all the electrical parameter values of media through the result after the weighted average.The variation of electrical parameter values at sediment surface location place that weakened of this average effect, thus the difficulty of definite sediment surface location increased.
Three, sonic method
The interface that sound wave runs into different medium formation in the air can produce reflection, and reflected intensity depends on the wave impedance difference of two ends, interface medium, and difference more then reflection is stronger.Sonic method uses a pair of sound wave emissions and receiving sensor, and is installed in water-filled boring top.Sonic sensor is connected through cable with ground signal recorder.Emission sensor is launched sound wave to foot of hole; When sound wave is transmitted to sediment when surface downwards, the receiving sensor that a part of sound wave produces reflection and is installed in the boring top picks up, and remaining sound wave continues to be transmitted to the former soil layer of foot of hole downwards, and produces secondary reflection, is received sensor equally and picks up.On signal recorder, calculate the time difference t of twice acoustic reflection,, then calculate product vt and be the sediment thickness value if the speed that known sound wave is propagated in the sediment layer is v.
The application of the method receives bigger limitation.At first the water quality in the boring is more mixed, is full of mud particle, is prone to when sound wave is propagated phenomenons such as scattering, diffraction take place, and causes sound wave to relay the excessive attenuation of energy; Secondly, the mud balance of sediment layer top is higher, the wave impedance interface of having blured the sediment surface location.At foot of hole, the wave impedance difference of sediment and original soil medium is also also little.So the reflection wave signal that receiving sensor picks up is very faint, should not discern.In addition, the speed that sound wave is propagated in sediment confirms by artificial experience that mainly this also can bring than mistake.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model just is to overcome the limitation of prior art, and a kind of foot of hole sediment thickness checkout gear based on the nonhomogeneous hardness sensing is provided.
The purpose of the utility model is achieved in that
One, based on the foot of hole sediment thickness checkout gear (abbreviation device) of nonhomogeneous hardness sensing
This device comprises ground detecting instrument and winch;
Be provided with downhole sensor; Downhole sensor is made up of mechanical feeler lever, circular base plate, microscler cylinder, linear stepping motor, connection lead, circuit board, cable socket, multicore cable and sealing ring;
Its position and annexation are:
Be provided with sealing ring and cable socket on the top of microscler cylinder;
Set inside at microscler cylinder has mechanical feeler lever, linear stepping motor, connection lead and circuit board;
Be provided with sealing ring and circular base plate in the bottom of microscler cylinder;
The upper end of machinery feeler lever links to each other with linear stepping motor, and the lower end of mechanical feeler lever passes sealing ring, and can stretch out from the central hole of circular base plate;
In microscler cylinder interior, cable socket, circuit board and linear stepping motor are connected successively through connecting lead;
One end stube cable socket of multicore cable, the other end of multicore cable connects ground detecting instrument through winch.
Two, based on the foot of hole sediment thickness detection method (abbreviation method) of nonhomogeneous hardness sensing
This method utilizes sediment, mud and original soil on hardness, to exist bigger otherness to realize.
This method comprises the following steps:
1. operation detection instrument confirms that mechanical feeler lever gets back to the home position, and promptly the lower end of mechanical feeler lever contracts and retreats in the centre bore of circular base plate;
2. downhole sensor is placed in the boring, relies on circular base plate to stand on the foot of hole sediment surface;
3. read the depth value of this moment by detecting instrument, be the depth location h on sediment surface, bottom;
4. the operation detection instrument makes mechanical feeler lever extend out to a ultimate range (for example 200mm); Stretch out in the process at mechanical feeler lever, note the angle of slope of the pairing downhole sensor of each outreach by detecting instrument, promptly the axis direction of microscler cylinder is with respect to the angle of gravity direction;
5. on the curve that changes with mechanical feeler lever outreach at the angle of slope of downhole sensor, pairing distance value when confirming that the angle of slope begins sharply to change is the depth location H of the bottom surface (or original soil laminar surface) of foot of hole sediment;
6. calculating the foot of hole sediment thickness is H-h.
The utlity model has advantage and good effect:
1. the novel science of the utility model thinking
At foot of hole mud, sediment and former soil layer are arranged, and they has bigger otherness on hardness; The utility model is exactly to utilize this bigger otherness, has proposed the present technique scheme, thereby has improved the accuracy that the foot of hole sediment thickness detects.
2. this device is easy to realize, and is suitable for flexibly
Rely on circular base plate, downhole sensor stands on the surface of foot of hole sediment layer, to confirm its depth location; For adapting to the sediment layer of different hardness, the circular base plate design can be adopted different thickness, and is divided into entity and empty body region, with the weight of control circular base plate, and long-pending with the contact surface of sediment layer.
3. this method simple, intuitive, and should be readily appreciated that.
4. the utility model is applicable to the extensive use that the foot of hole sediment thickness detects in the construction work.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a medium sketch map in the boring;
Fig. 2 is the plummet method schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is an electrical quantity method curve map;
Fig. 4 .1 is the working environment sketch map of this device;
Fig. 4 .2 is the structural representation (side-looking) of this device;
Fig. 5 is the workflow diagram of Industry Control computer applications software;
Fig. 6 is a mechanical feeler lever structural representation (side-looking);
Fig. 7 is circular base plate structural representation (overlooking);
Fig. 8 is the circuit board functional-block diagram.
Among the figure:
1-original soil (layer); 2-sediment (layer); 3-mud (layer); 4-mixed water (layer);
5-ground; 6-boring; 7-lining rope; 8-plummet;
00-detecting instrument
10-mechanical feeler lever, 11-cylindrical stock, 12-conical termination;
20-circular base plate, 21-centre bore, 22-entity area, 23-empty body region;
30-microscler cylinder;
40-linear stepping motor;
50-connection lead;
60-circuit board, 61-ARM single-chip microcomputer, the accelerometer at 62-measurement angle of slope,
63-serial converter, 64-dc stepper motor driver;
70-cable socket;
80-multicore cable;
90-sealing ring;
100-winch.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is specified:
One, general structure
Like Fig. 4 .1,4.2, this device comprises ground detecting instrument 00 and winch 100;
Be provided with downhole sensor; Downhole sensor by mechanical feeler lever 10, circular base plate 20, microscler cylinder 30, linear stepping motor 40, connect lead 50, circuit board 60, cable socket 70, multicore cable 80 and sealing ring 90 and form;
Its position and annexation are:
Be provided with sealing ring 90 and cable socket 70 on the top of microscler cylinder 30;
Mechanical feeler lever 10, linear stepping motor 40 are arranged, connect lead 50 and circuit board 60 in the set inside of microscler cylinder 30;
Be provided with sealing ring 90 and circular base plate 20 in the bottom of microscler cylinder 30;
The upper end of machinery feeler lever 10 links to each other with linear stepping motor 40, and the lower end of mechanical feeler lever 10 passes sealing ring 90, and can stretch out from the centre bore 21 of circular base plate 20;
In microscler cylinder 30 inside, through connecting lead 50 with cable socket 70, circuit board 60 and straight line step
Advancing motor 40 connects successively;
One end stube cable socket 70 of multicore cable 80, the other end of multicore cable 80 connects ground detecting instrument 00 through winch 100.
Two, functional part
1, detecting instrument 00
Detecting instrument 00 is a kind of general secondary meter; The internal construction of detecting instrument 00 mainly includes: general touch shows liquid crystal display, universal industrial controlling computer and communicating circuit plate.
Touch the demonstration liquid crystal display and accept the instruction or the parameter of user's input, show testing result;
The Industry Control computer moves independently developed application software, the storage testing result;
The communication function of completion of communicating circuit plate and downhole sensor.
Detecting instrument 00 carries out data communication through multicore cable 80 and downhole sensor, the up-down of control well lower sensor in boring, and the stretching out or contract and move back of mechanical feeler lever 10; The curve that the angle of slope of downhole sensor changes with mechanical feeler lever 10 outreach under the final entry.
Like Fig. 5, the workflow that described Industry Control computer moves independently developed application software comprises the following steps:
1. beginning A works;
2. initiation parameter: the range b B that step pitch a that mechanical feeler lever stretches out forward at every turn and mechanical feeler lever accumulative total are stretched out;
3. through the stube cable of connection well lower sensor, transfer downhole sensor C;
4. according to stube cable the pine or judge tightly whether downhole sensor arrives the sediment laminar surface; If stube cable fluffs, expression " being " then forwards next step to; Otherwise forward a step to, promptly continue to transfer downhole sensor D;
5. stop to transfer downhole sensor E;
6. do you judge that mechanical feeler lever is at initial position (in the circular base plate centre bore)? If be " denying ", then forward next step to; If be " being ", then forward 8. F of step to;
7. mechanical feeler lever is got back to initial position G;
8. the counter O reset of mechanical feeler lever accumulative total outreach, x=0H;
9. mechanical feeler lever is outreach a forward, and counts mechanical feeler lever accumulative total outreach counter x, that is: x=x+a I;
10. write down corresponding downhole sensor angle of slope J;
Figure BDA00001664723500071
judges whether the accumulative total outreach of mechanical feeler lever reaches range b; X>=b? If be " being ", then forward next step to; If be " denying ", then forward 9. K of step to;
Figure BDA00001664723500072
mechanical feeler lever stop motion L;
Figure BDA00001664723500073
mechanical feeler lever is got back to initial position M;
Change curve between
Figure BDA00001664723500074
mechanical graphics feeler lever outreach and the corresponding downhole sensor angle of slope; On this curve, pairing mechanical feeler lever outreach was sediment layer thickness N when the downhole sensor angle of slope sharply changed;
Figure BDA00001664723500075
winding shaft lower sensor is to ground O;
Figure BDA00001664723500076
end-of-job P.
2, mechanical feeler lever 10
Like Fig. 6, mechanical feeler lever 10 is made up of with conical termination 12 cylindrical stock 11.
When machinery feeler lever 10 moved downward in sediment layer 2, the end that conical termination 12 need overcome in sediment layer 2 held resistance, and this change in resistance is little; In cylindrical stock 11 sides, need overcome side friction simultaneously with sediment layer 2.Because the size of side friction is directly proportional with the contact area of cylindrical stock 11 and sediment layer 2, so this resistance moves downward at mechanical feeler lever 10 and will become big in the process gradually.For reducing mechanical feeler lever 10 suffered resistance in sediment layer 2; The design of conical termination 12 makes and increases suddenly at the cross-sectional area with cylindrical stock 11 junctions; Cause the side friction factor to reduce, thereby whole resistance mainly concentrate on the conical termination 12.At last, when mechanical feeler lever 10 arrived former soil layer 1, end held resistance and increases suddenly, and moving downward of mechanical feeler lever 10 stops, and downhole sensor begins to tilt.
3, circular base plate 20
Like Fig. 7, circular base plate 20 is provided with centre bore 21, entity area 22 and empty body region 23.
In the time of in downhole sensor at first is placed into boring 6, it relies on circular base plate 20 to stand on sediment layer 2 surface.The size of entity area 22 and thickness determine the weight and the surface area of whole circular base plate 20.Hardness according to boring 6 bottom sediments 2 is different; Can suitably choose the size and the thickness of entity area 22; To guarantee that circular base plate 20 just contacts with sediment layer 2 surface; And contact area is suitable, avoids occurring circular base plate 20 owing to too gently can't arrive sediment layer 2 surface (still in mud layer 3), perhaps invades below sediment layer 2 surface owing to too heavy.
4, microscler cylinder 30
The oversheath pipe that microscler cylinder 30 is downhole sensors adopts stainless steel material.Under the situation of boring 2 complete water-fillings, if 100 meters of hole depths, this oversheath pipe will bear the water pressure of 1MPa, but and the operate as normal of assurance device.
5, linear stepping motor 40
Linear stepping motor 40 is a kind of general parts, selects for use linear stepping motor 40 to be connected with mechanical feeler lever 10; Produce drive currents by circuit board 60, drive linear stepping motor 40 and can accomplish forward or reverse, and then drive mechanical feeler lever 10 and stretch out or contract and move back.
6, connect lead 50
Be used to connect cable socket 70, circuit board 60 and the linear stepping motor 40 in the microscler cylinder 30.
7, circuit board 60
Like Fig. 8, circuit board 60 is made up of accelerometer 62, serial converter 63 and the dc stepper motor driver 64 at ARM single-chip microcomputer 61, measurement angle of slope;
Accelerometer 62, serial converter 63 and the dc stepper motor driver 64 of measuring the angle of slope are connected with ARM single-chip microcomputer 61 respectively.
The operating principle of circuit board 60:
Through serial converter 63, ARM single-chip microcomputer 61 is accepted to send testing result from the operational order of detecting instrument on the ground 00 or to detecting instrument 00;
Through measuring the accelerometer 62 at angle of slope, can detect the angle of slope of downhole sensor, and be admitted to ARM
In the single-chip microcomputer 61;
ARM single-chip microcomputer 61 drives linear stepping motors 60 through dc stepper motor driver 64, to control stretching out or contracting and move back of mechanical feeler lever 10.
(1) the ARM single-chip microcomputer 61
Select the LPC2114 of Philips company for use.
(2) accelerometer 62 at measurement angle of slope
Select the ADIS16003 of Analog Device company for use, (CLK CS) is connected with ARM single-chip microcomputer 61 its 4 holding wires through the SPI interface for MOSI, MISO;
(3) serial converter 63
Select the MAX488 of MAXIM company for use, its effect is with RS-232 serial ports (TXD, RXD; Perhaps DI, RO) convert to the RS-488 serial ports (A, B, Z, Y) so that the transmission of long line.
(4) the dc stepper motor driver 64
Select the UIM24002 of Shanghai excellent Ai Bao company for use.Control direction signal (DIR), frequency signal (STP) and the enable signal (EN) of dc stepper motor driver 64 respectively through signal P0, P1 and the P2 of its I/O mouth by ARM single-chip microcomputer 61; Produce two phase drive current (A+ at last; A-, B+ B-) is delivered to linear stepping motor 40.
8, cable socket 70
Cable socket 70 is a kind of general parts; Connect the signal in the microscler cylinder 30.
9, multicore cable 80
Multicore cable 80 is a kind of general parts; Its stube cable socket 70, and signal delivered to detecting instrument 00 on the ground.
10, sealing ring 90
Sealing ring 90 is a kind of general parts; Be used for the sealing of microscler cylinder 30.
11, winch 100
Winch 100 is a kind of general parts; Can adopt manual or motor-driven.
Three, operating principle
This device is through utilizing sediment 2, mud 3 and original soil 1 on hardness, to exist bigger otherness to realize.
Machinery feeler lever 10 1 ends connect the inner linear stepping motor 40 of microscler cylinder 30, and the other end can pass the centre bore 21 of circular base plate 20, under the control of circuit board 60, stretch out or contract and move back.After the downhole sensor of this device stably stood on the sediment 2, sediment thickness detected and promptly begins.This moment, ground detecting instrument 00 sent instruction, notified the circuit boards 60 in the microscler cylinder 30 to drive linear stepping motors 40, stretched out from the centre bore 21 of circular base plate 20 to drive mechanical feeler lever 10, and began to get into sediment layer 2; This moment, the position of mechanical feeler lever 10 may be defined as initial point.The deadweight of downhole sensor provides enough counter-forces, and linear stepping motor 40 provides enough power to make mechanical feeler lever 10 pass sediment layer 2, arrives original soil 1 bearing stratum.Because the hardness of this layer is obviously higher, make the counter-force that the deadweight of downhole sensor provides, not enough so that mechanical feeler lever moves on; Therefore downhole sensor begins to tilt.After mechanical feeler lever 10 stretches out a ultimate range (for example 200mm), sediment 1 thickness testing process stops.In the whole testing process, the distance that mechanical feeler lever 10 stretches out will be recorded in the ground detecting instrument 00 with the change curve at the angle of slope of corresponding downhole sensor.Be different from the represented situation of Fig. 3, pairing position was former soil layer 1 surface when the angle of slope here began sharply to change, and can confirm the foot of hole sediment thickness thus.

Claims (4)

1. the foot of hole sediment thickness checkout gear based on the nonhomogeneous hardness sensing comprises ground detecting instrument (00) and winch (100); It is characterized in that:
Be provided with downhole sensor; Downhole sensor is made up of mechanical feeler lever (10), circular base plate (20), microscler cylinder (30), linear stepping motor (40), connection lead (50), circuit board (60), cable socket (70), multicore cable (80) and sealing ring (90);
Its position and annexation are:
Be provided with sealing ring (90) and cable socket (70) on the top of microscler cylinder (30);
Set inside at microscler cylinder (30) has mechanical feeler lever (10), linear stepping motor (40), connects
Lead (50) and circuit board (60);
Be provided with sealing ring (90) and circular base plate (20) in the bottom of microscler cylinder (30);
The upper end of machinery feeler lever (10) links to each other the lower end of mechanical feeler lever 10 with linear stepping motor (40)
Head passes sealing ring (90), and can stretch out from the centre bore (21) of circular base plate (20);
In microscler cylinder (30) inside, through connecting lead (50) with cable socket (70), circuit board (60)
Be connected successively with linear stepping motor (40);
One end stube cable socket (70) of multicore cable (80), the other end of multicore cable connects ground detecting instrument (00) through winch (100).
2. by the described a kind of foot of hole sediment thickness checkout gear of claim 1, it is characterized in that based on the nonhomogeneous hardness sensing:
Described mechanical feeler lever (10) is made up of cylindrical stock (11) and conical termination (12).
3. by the described a kind of foot of hole sediment thickness checkout gear of claim 1, it is characterized in that based on the nonhomogeneous hardness sensing:
Described circular base plate (20) is provided with centre bore (21), entity area (22) and empty body region (23).
4. by the described a kind of foot of hole sediment thickness checkout gear of claim 1, it is characterized in that based on the nonhomogeneous hardness sensing:
Described circuit board (60) is made up of accelerometer (62), serial converter (63) and the dc stepper motor driver (64) at ARM single-chip microcomputer (61), measurement angle of slope;
Accelerometer (62), serial converter (63) and the dc stepper motor driver (64) of measuring the angle of slope are connected with ARM single-chip microcomputer (61) respectively.
CN 201220228980 2012-05-21 2012-05-21 Drill hole bottom sediment thickness detection device based on hardness difference sensing Withdrawn - After Issue CN202596706U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102661143A (en) * 2012-05-21 2012-09-12 武汉岩海工程技术有限公司 Device and method for detecting thickness of sediments at bottom of drilling hole based on hardness difference sensing
TWI458974B (en) * 2012-12-28 2014-11-01 Univ Chienkuo Technology Micro - drilling test device for measuring the strength of concrete
CN107504936A (en) * 2017-09-25 2017-12-22 江苏省水利科学研究院 Mud detecting system and mud detection method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102661143A (en) * 2012-05-21 2012-09-12 武汉岩海工程技术有限公司 Device and method for detecting thickness of sediments at bottom of drilling hole based on hardness difference sensing
CN102661143B (en) * 2012-05-21 2014-08-27 武汉岩海工程技术有限公司 Device and method for detecting thickness of sediments at bottom of drilling hole based on hardness difference sensing
TWI458974B (en) * 2012-12-28 2014-11-01 Univ Chienkuo Technology Micro - drilling test device for measuring the strength of concrete
CN107504936A (en) * 2017-09-25 2017-12-22 江苏省水利科学研究院 Mud detecting system and mud detection method

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