CN202577437U - Rotary energy-saving system of hydraulic excavator - Google Patents

Rotary energy-saving system of hydraulic excavator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN202577437U
CN202577437U CN 201220169865 CN201220169865U CN202577437U CN 202577437 U CN202577437 U CN 202577437U CN 201220169865 CN201220169865 CN 201220169865 CN 201220169865 U CN201220169865 U CN 201220169865U CN 202577437 U CN202577437 U CN 202577437U
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valve
way
hydraulic
fluid port
hydraulic fluid
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迟永滨
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a rotary energy-saving system of a hydraulic excavator. The rotary energy-saving system also comprises a two-position four-way reversing valve, an energy accumulator, a three-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve, an air reservoir and two check valves, wherein the outlets of the two check valves are respectively connected with the lower cavity of the energy accumulator and the P port of the three-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve; the inlets of the two check valves are respectively connected with an inlet oil way and an outlet oil way of a hydraulic motor; the energy accumulator and the two-position four-way reversing valve are connected in the manner of table joint; a piston is abutted with a valve rod when approaching to the end of the lower cavity; the reversing valve rod can be pushed to be changed in position; the upper cavity of the energy accumulator is connected with the air reservoir; the P port and the O port of the two-position four-way reversing valve are respectively connected with an A port and a B port of a master control reversing valve; the A port and the B port are respectively connected with the inlet oil way and the outlet oil way of the hydraulic motor; and hydraulic control ports respectively located at both sides of the three-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve are respectively connected in parallel with an oil way between the master control reversing valve and a pilot operating valve. The rotary energy-saving system of the hydraulic excavator is simple, convenient and easy in implementation and low in cost. The performance of an original rotary hydraulic system is not changed; rotary braking energy is fully recovered; the efficiency is high; and the overload and the impact of the hydraulic motor can be improved through the energy accumulator.

Description

A kind of hydraulic crawler excavator revolution energy conserving system
Technical field
The utility model relates to the excavation machinery field, specifically is a kind of hydraulic crawler excavator revolution energy conserving system.
Background technology
As shown in Figure 1, hydraulic crawler excavator mainly is made up of lower frame part 1, slewing equipment 2, top turntable 3 and equipment.Equipment mainly comprises boom cylinder 4, swing arm 5, bucket arm cylinder 6, dipper 7, bucket cylinder 8, scraper bowl 9 and rocker-arm link mechanism.The hydraulic crawler excavator slewing equipment adopts the hydraulic-driven technology, by the engine drives hydraulic pump hydraulic power is provided, and drives hydraulic motor and drives 3 rotations of excavator top turntable through reducing gear.Top turntable 3 connects with equipment, drives the equipment rotation.General slewing equipment is in the hydraulic braking state during digging operation, carries out effective digging operation to guarantee equipment in the position of confirming.After scraper bowl is filled in excavation, need the discharge position discharging of gyration location, after discharging is accomplished, need gyration to return and excavate the position.
As shown in Figure 2; Hydraulic slewing system for hydraulic crawler excavator comprises: hydraulic motor 1, overload Fill valve group, master control reversal valve 4, pilot control valve 5, wherein; Overload Fill valve group comprises 2 one way valves 2 and 2 overload valves 3, and pilot control valve 5 has comprised 2 pilot valves and an operating grip.During work; Move the pilot operated handle and open pilot valve 51 pilot valve wherein; Guide oil driving master control reversal valve 4 is displaced to left position or right hydraulic oil entering and 1 rotation of driving hydraulic motor that oil pump is confessed; Through reducing gear 6, driving top turntable wraparound changes gear ring 7 left-hand rotations or right-hand rotation.For example master control reversal valve 4 is displaced to a when position left side, and the oil that is come by hydraulic pump drives hydraulic motor 1 rotation through the oil circuit of pipeline P through master control reversal valve 4 entering right sides, the oil of discharge through the left side oil circuit get back to fuel tank through master control reversal valve 4.During braking; The pilot operated handle is got back to meta; Master control reversal valve 4 is also got back to meta, and hydraulic motor 1 becomes pump under inertia force drives, and the oil that pumps is opened left side overload valve 3 oil returns to fuel tank; Right one-way valve 2 is opened repairing and is got into hydraulic motor 1, and the brake pressure of this moment is the set pressure of overload valve 3.
Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b are gyroscopic characteristics figure, and abscissa is a gyration time, and ordinate is an angle of revolution speed.Fig. 3 a is depicted as velocity triangle diagram, and point 0 to point 1 quickens turning course for the startup of filling behind the bucket on the transverse axis, and point 1 to point 2 be the braking deceleration process, and point 2 to point 3 quickens turning course for the startup of returning after the discharging, and point 3 is a braking procedure to putting 4.Fig. 3 b is depicted as trapezoidal hodograph; Point 0 to point 1 quickens turning course for the startup of filling behind the bucket on the transverse axis; Point 1 to point 2 is turning course at the uniform velocity, and point 2 to point 3 be the braking deceleration process, and point 3 to point 4 is the startup acceleration turning course that returns after the discharging; Point 4 to point 5 is turning course at the uniform velocity, and point 5 is a braking procedure to putting 6.In the reality, specifically follow design and rotating angle that which characteristic depends on flywheel moment and speed.Can find out that by figure the turning course dynamic moment of inertia that completely struggles against is big, the energy that needs is also big, and the acceleration during braking (slope) is greater than starting brief acceleration.
Excavator extensively adopts the load-sensitive variable pump at present; The flow of revolution start-up course pump adapts to the flow of motor automatically, and spill losses reduces, but because the startup instantaneous pressure is bigger; This pressure still can make overflow valve open overflow hydraulic oil; The braking procedure rotary motor becomes pump, and the oil that pumps goes out through the overload valve flow, and braking energy is converted into heat energy fully.According to statistics, the calorific value of revolution hydraulic circuit accounts for 30%~40% of hydraulic system gross calorific power.Spill losses when up to the present, also not having a kind of hydraulic system under the situation that satisfies turnability control, fully to reclaim braking energy and to avoid starting.
For energy fully energy-conservation and the recovery rotary system; The current research focus is the method that adopts hybrid power, replaces rotary fluid motor with generator/motor, during braking; Inertia energy is converted into power storage in battery and electric capacity through generator; The drive motor that discharges again during startup revolution, but the electric energy that braking is reclaimed is fewer than the demand of startup, so generally also need reclaim the for example energy of swing arm decline of other mechanism; In order to utilize unnecessary electric energy, also need a motor and motor tandem drive hydraulic pump.The shortcoming of oil electric mixed dynamic system is: because power conversion has experienced a plurality of links such as diesel engine, generator, battery, motor, hydraulic pump, hydraulic motor, all there is energy loss in each link, therefore causes the energy loss in the whole transfer process still bigger; Most critical be system complex, cost is high, battery life; Power supply conversion efficiency; There are certain problem in weight, reliability etc., thereby have offset the energy-saving effect that adopts this technology to obtain to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming and defect of prior art, the utility model provides a kind of simple operation, hydraulic crawler excavator simple in structure to turn round energy conserving system, when the revolution startup, the braking ability that keep original excavator are constant, has practiced thrift the energy.
The utility model technical scheme is following:
A kind of hydraulic crawler excavator revolution energy conserving system; Comprise the digger revolving hydraulic system; This Hydraulic slewing system comprises master control reversal valve, overload Fill valve group, hydraulic motor, pilot control valve; Said overload Fill valve group is made up of 2 one way valves and 2 overload valves, and said pilot control valve has comprised 2 pilot valves; The outlet of the import of these 2 one way valves and 2 overload valves links together jointly, and is connected with fuel tank again, and the oil-out of these 2 one way valves connects the turnover working connection of hydraulic motor respectively; The oil-in of 2 overload valves is connected with the turnover working connection of hydraulic motor respectively, and the P hydraulic fluid port of said master control reversal valve connects oil pump, O hydraulic fluid port connected tank, and the both sides hydraulic control mouth of said master control reversal valve connects the delivery outlet of 2 pilot valves respectively;
Said revolution energy conserving system also comprises the second one way valve group, two-position four way change valve, accumulator, 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve, gas receiver;
The said second one way valve group is made up of 2 one way valves, the turnover working connection that the outlet of these 2 one way valves links to each other, two other import connects hydraulic motor respectively;
Said accumulator comprises cylinder barrel and interior piston thereof, and cylinder barrel is interior to be that the boundary is divided into epicoele and cavity of resorption with the piston, and epicoele is communicated with gas receiver, and cavity of resorption is connected with the outlet oil circuit of 2 one way valves of the said second one way valve group and the P hydraulic fluid port of 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve;
After the descent of piston of said accumulator promotes the valve rod transposition; The valve rod of this two-position four way change valve is pushed to another valve position, i.e. P hydraulic fluid port, the conducting of A hydraulic fluid port, B hydraulic fluid port, the conducting of O hydraulic fluid port; When moving the valve rod that is separated from two-position four way change valve on the piston; Move the initial valve position that returns to valve on the valve rod of two-position four way change valve, P hydraulic fluid port, the conducting of O hydraulic fluid port, A hydraulic fluid port, B hydraulic fluid port are closed;
The A hydraulic fluid port of said two-position four way change valve, B hydraulic fluid port are connected with the turnover working connection of hydraulic motor respectively, and the P hydraulic fluid port of said two-position four way change valve connects the A hydraulic fluid port of master control reversal valve, and the O hydraulic fluid port of said two-position four way change valve connects the B hydraulic fluid port of master control reversal valve;
The P hydraulic fluid port of said 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve connects outlet oil circuit and the cavity of resorption hydraulic fluid port of accumulator of 2 one way valves of the second one way valve group; The O hydraulic fluid port connects 2 one way valve oil-ins of overload Fill valve and the oil-out of 2 overload valves is connected fuel tank again; A hydraulic fluid port, B hydraulic fluid port are connected with the turnover working connection of hydraulic motor respectively; The both sides hydraulic control mouth of said 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve is parallel to master control reversal valve both sides hydraulic control mouth respectively to the oil circuit between the pilot valve, and 4 hydraulic fluid ports all seal during said 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve meta.
Said accumulator and two-position four way change valve interlocking are as a whole, and the interlocking position is for being sealed and matched.
Said two-position four way change valve valve rod has a through-core hole, with the hydraulic fluid port conducting of cylinder barrel cavity of resorption.
With respect to prior art, the beneficial effect of the utility model is:
(1) technological means is simple and easy to do, and cost is low, does not change original Hydraulic slewing system.
(2) braking energy during digger revolving obtains reclaiming, and organic efficiency is high.
(3) braking energy is used for start-up course, and does not have impact with the hydraulic pump fuel feeding and take over, and has avoided hydraulic pump to start spill losses.
(4) system reliability improves, and hydraulic motor overload and impact can improve through accumulator.
Overload valve is in closed condition when (5) braking, and has eliminated original hydraulic pressure noise.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the organigram of existing excavator.
Fig. 2 is existing digger revolving hydraulic system sketch map.
Fig. 3 a is a hydraulic crawler excavator gyration performance plot 1.
Fig. 3 b is a hydraulic crawler excavator gyration performance plot 2.
Fig. 4 is energy-conservation system architecture sketch map for the utility model hydraulic crawler excavator turns round.
Fig. 5 is the accumulator 7 of the utility model hydraulic crawler excavator revolution energy conserving system and the combination assumption diagram of reversal valve 6.
The specific embodiment
Do further detailed explanation in the face of the specific embodiment of the utility model down, but the embodiment of the utility model is not limited thereto.
Shown in Figure 4, the utility model hydraulic crawler excavator revolution energy conserving system comprises the digger revolving hydraulic system, and this Hydraulic slewing system comprises 1 master control reversal valve 4, overload Fill valve group, 1,1 pilot control valve 5 of 1 hydraulic motor.Said overload Fill valve group is made up of 2 one way valves 2 and 2 overload valves 3, and said pilot control valve 5 has comprised 2 pilot valves; The import of these 2 one way valves 2 be connected with fuel tank 22 again after the outlet of 2 overload valves 3 links together jointly, the oil-out of these 2 one way valves 2 connects the turnover working connection of hydraulic motor 1 respectively.The oil-in of 2 overload valves 3 is connected with the turnover working connection of hydraulic motor 1 respectively, and the P hydraulic fluid port of said master control reversal valve connects oil pump, O hydraulic fluid port connected tank, and the both sides hydraulic control mouth of said master control reversal valve connects the delivery outlet of 2 pilot valves respectively;
Said revolution energy conserving system also comprises the second one way valve group, two-position four way change valve 6, accumulator 7,3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve 9, gas receiver 10.
The said second one way valve group is made up of 2 one way valves 8, the turnover working connection that the port of export of these 2 one way valves 8 links to each other, two other entrance point connects hydraulic motor 1 respectively.
(and combining Fig. 4) as shown in Figure 5.Said accumulator 7 comprises cylinder barrel 11 and interior piston 12 thereof, is that the boundary is divided into epicoele 13 and cavity of resorption 14 with piston 12 in the cylinder barrel 11, and epicoele 13 is communicated with gas receivers 10, and cavity of resorption 14 is connected with the outlet oil circuit of 2 one way valves and the P hydraulic fluid port of 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve; The valve rod 15 of two-position four way change valve 6 is pushed to the another one valve position after piston 12 descending promotion valve rod transpositions; Be P hydraulic fluid port, the conducting of A hydraulic fluid port; B hydraulic fluid port, the conducting of O hydraulic fluid port when moving the valve rod that is separated from two-position four way change valve on the piston, move the initial valve position that returns to valve on the valve rod of two-position four way change valve; P hydraulic fluid port, the conducting of O hydraulic fluid port, A hydraulic fluid port, B hydraulic fluid port are closed;
The A hydraulic fluid port of said two-position four way change valve 6, B hydraulic fluid port are connected with the turnover working connection of hydraulic motor 1 respectively; The P hydraulic fluid port of said two-position four way change valve 6 connects the A hydraulic fluid port of master control reversal valve 4, and the O hydraulic fluid port of two-position four way change valve 6 connects the B hydraulic fluid port of master control reversal valve 4.
The P hydraulic fluid port of said 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve connects outlet oil circuit and the cavity of resorption hydraulic fluid port of accumulator of 2 one way valves of the second one way valve group; The O hydraulic fluid port connects 2 one way valve oil-ins of overload Fill valve and the oil-out of 2 overload valves is connected fuel tank again; A hydraulic fluid port, B hydraulic fluid port are connected with the turnover working connection of hydraulic motor respectively; The both sides hydraulic control mouth of said 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve is parallel to master control reversal valve both sides hydraulic control mouth respectively to the oil circuit between the pilot valve, and 4 hydraulic fluid ports all seal during said 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve meta.
The valve rod 15 of said two-position four way change valve 6 has a through-core hole, with the hydraulic fluid port conducting of the cavity of resorption 14 of accumulator 7, and pressure that can balance valve rod 15 ends.
The utility model operating principle is as follows:
Revolution starts when handling, and opens one of them pilot valve of pilot control valve 5, at this moment; Also open 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve 9 when guide oil stream is opened master control reversal valve 4,, make two-position four way change valve 6 be in the diagram valve position if the cavity of resorption 14 of cylinder barrel 11 has oil; The then A hydraulic fluid port of two-position four way change valve 6, the sealing of B hydraulic fluid port, P hydraulic fluid port, O hydraulic fluid port are communicated with oil return, and piston 12 moves down under the compressed nitrogen force of gas receiver 10; Make the fluid in the cavity of resorption 14 get into hydraulic motor 1 through 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve 9; The CD-ROM drive motor rotation, the oil-in repairing that the oil that hydraulic motor 1 is discharged flows back to fuel tank 22 or gives hydraulic motor 1 through one way valve 2 through the O of 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve 9 hydraulic fluid port is though master control reversal valve 4 is opened in this process; But oily pressure free current oil sump tank 22, so hydraulic pump (not shown) running free.If when the oil of the cavity of resorption 14 of cylinder barrel 11 gradually reduced also approaching using up, piston 12 can promote valve rods 15, then two-position four way change valve 6 is opened, and the hydraulic pump (not shown) can be taken over accumulator 7 and continue fuel feeding.
When rotary braking is handled; Pilot control valve 5 cuts out; Master control reversal valve 4 all gets back to meta with 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve 9 and cuts out oil circuit; Hydraulic motor 1 becomes pump, and the cavity of resorption 14 that the oil that pumps is opened one way valve 8 one of them one way valves entering cylinder barrel 11 through oil circuit can store hydraulic pressure, stops fully until gyration.As long as in the cavity of resorption 14 oil is arranged, will at first use the oil in the accumulator 7, if the oil of accumulator 7 uses up, the oil of hydraulic pump will be taken over, this transfer process is continuous, shock-free, so not impact of hydraulic motor 1, has avoided the overflow phenomena of initial start stage.The general institute's energy requirement that starts is greater than braking energy, so the oil that start-up course does not finish cylinder barrel 11 cavity of resorptions 14 fully will use up, and at the uniform velocity turning course is the hydraulic motor fuel feeding fully, does not have the accumulator fuel feeding, so rotating speed can be controlled.In order to guarantee the comparatively pressure of balance of accumulator 7, the gas receiver 10 of high pressure nitrogen is housed in having adopted, gas receiver 10 can be that one or more are formed, because the volume of gas receiver 10 is bigger, thus can make the volume of accumulator 7 little, the convenient installation.
Cavity of resorption 14 maximum volumes of accumulator 7 are slightly larger than the flow quantity of braking procedure; When the stroke end of moving on the piston 12 near epicoele 13, pressure guarantees overload valve 3 no overflows less than the pressure of overload valve 3; When piston 12 is displaced downwardly to the stroke end of cavity of resorption 14; Pressure is slightly less than default pressure, not only makes braking close with the average moment that starts, and has also reduced the volume of gas receiver 10 simultaneously.
Just can realize this patent preferably as stated.
The foregoing description is the utility model preferred implementation; But the embodiment of the utility model is not limited by the examples; Other are any not to deviate from change, the modification done under spirit and the principle of the utility model, substitute, combination, simplify; All should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within the protection domain of the utility model.

Claims (3)

1. a hydraulic crawler excavator turns round energy conserving system; Comprise the digger revolving hydraulic system; This Hydraulic slewing system comprises master control reversal valve, overload Fill valve group, hydraulic motor, pilot control valve; Said overload Fill valve group is made up of 2 one way valves and 2 overload valves, and said pilot control valve has comprised 2 pilot valves; The outlet of the import of these 2 one way valves and 2 overload valves links together jointly, and is connected with fuel tank again, and the oil-out of these 2 one way valves connects the turnover working connection of hydraulic motor respectively; The oil-in of 2 overload valves is connected with the turnover working connection of hydraulic motor respectively, and the P hydraulic fluid port of said master control reversal valve connects oil pump, O hydraulic fluid port connected tank, and the both sides hydraulic control mouth of said master control reversal valve connects the delivery outlet of 2 pilot valves respectively; It is characterized in that:
Said revolution energy conserving system also comprises the second one way valve group, two-position four way change valve, accumulator, 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve, gas receiver;
The said second one way valve group is made up of 2 one way valves, the turnover working connection that the outlet of these 2 one way valves links to each other, two other import connects hydraulic motor respectively;
Said accumulator comprises cylinder barrel and interior piston thereof, and cylinder barrel is interior to be that the boundary is divided into epicoele and cavity of resorption with the piston, and epicoele is communicated with gas receiver, and cavity of resorption is connected with the outlet oil circuit of 2 one way valves of the said second one way valve group and the P hydraulic fluid port of 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve;
After the descent of piston of said accumulator promotes the valve rod transposition; The valve rod of this two-position four way change valve is pushed to another valve position, i.e. P hydraulic fluid port, the conducting of A hydraulic fluid port, B hydraulic fluid port, the conducting of O hydraulic fluid port; When moving the valve rod that is separated from two-position four way change valve on the piston; Move the initial valve position that returns to valve on the valve rod of two-position four way change valve, P hydraulic fluid port, the conducting of O hydraulic fluid port, A hydraulic fluid port, B hydraulic fluid port are closed;
The A hydraulic fluid port of said two-position four way change valve, B hydraulic fluid port are connected with the turnover working connection of hydraulic motor respectively, and the P hydraulic fluid port of said two-position four way change valve connects the A hydraulic fluid port of master control reversal valve, and the O hydraulic fluid port of said two-position four way change valve connects the B hydraulic fluid port of master control reversal valve;
The P hydraulic fluid port of said 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve connects outlet oil circuit and the cavity of resorption hydraulic fluid port of accumulator of 2 one way valves of the second one way valve group; The O hydraulic fluid port connects 2 one way valve oil-ins of overload Fill valve and the oil-out of 2 overload valves is connected fuel tank again; A hydraulic fluid port, B hydraulic fluid port are connected with the turnover working connection of hydraulic motor respectively; The both sides hydraulic control mouth of said 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve is parallel to master control reversal valve both sides hydraulic control mouth respectively to the oil circuit between the pilot valve, and 4 hydraulic fluid ports all seal during said 3-position 4-way pilot operated directional control valve meta.
2. hydraulic crawler excavator revolution energy conserving system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said accumulator and two-position four way change valve interlocking are as a whole, and the interlocking position is for being sealed and matched.
3. hydraulic crawler excavator revolution energy conserving system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: said two-position four way change valve valve rod has a through-core hole, with the hydraulic fluid port conducting of cylinder barrel cavity of resorption.
CN 201220169865 2012-04-19 2012-04-19 Rotary energy-saving system of hydraulic excavator Withdrawn - After Issue CN202577437U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102704524A (en) * 2012-04-19 2012-10-03 华南理工大学 Rotary energy saving system of hydraulic excavator
CN103437393A (en) * 2013-08-30 2013-12-11 华南理工大学 Rotation energy saving system of hydraulic excavator
CN104060643A (en) * 2014-03-06 2014-09-24 任化一 Hydraulic energy storage and conservation device of excavating machine
CN104265717A (en) * 2014-09-12 2015-01-07 柳州柳工挖掘机有限公司 Hydraulic system for recycling rotary braking energy and device

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102704524A (en) * 2012-04-19 2012-10-03 华南理工大学 Rotary energy saving system of hydraulic excavator
CN102704524B (en) * 2012-04-19 2014-06-11 华南理工大学 Rotary energy saving system of hydraulic excavator
CN103437393A (en) * 2013-08-30 2013-12-11 华南理工大学 Rotation energy saving system of hydraulic excavator
CN104060643A (en) * 2014-03-06 2014-09-24 任化一 Hydraulic energy storage and conservation device of excavating machine
CN104265717A (en) * 2014-09-12 2015-01-07 柳州柳工挖掘机有限公司 Hydraulic system for recycling rotary braking energy and device

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Granted publication date: 20121205

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