CN202561764U - Solid waste combustion furnace body - Google Patents
Solid waste combustion furnace body Download PDFInfo
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- CN202561764U CN202561764U CN2012202108854U CN201220210885U CN202561764U CN 202561764 U CN202561764 U CN 202561764U CN 2012202108854 U CN2012202108854 U CN 2012202108854U CN 201220210885 U CN201220210885 U CN 201220210885U CN 202561764 U CN202561764 U CN 202561764U
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- incinerator
- solid waste
- furnace
- burner hearth
- combustion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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Abstract
The utility model provides a solid waste combustion furnace body, wherein the furnace body and a hearth of the combustion furnace are of vertical structure, and the hearth is sequentially provided with a drying area, a pyrolysis area and a combustion area. A group of fire pits are arranged on an inner side of the hearth, three groups of spray guns are respectively arranged on an outer side, a left side and a right side of the combustion area, an inlet of block-shaped compressed solid wastes is arranged on an outer side of the upper portion of the hearth, a boiler hearth and a draught fan are arranged on the top of the furnace, and a group of spray guns are arranged on a side wall of the boiler hearth. The draught fan is used to exhaust smoke out of the furnace body, and oxygen enrichment air formed by mixing of residual smoke and pure oxygen are conveyed to the three groups of spray guns on the combustion area and the group of spray guns on the boiler hearth. The solid waste combustion furnace body has the advantages of being small in size, large in dispose amount of the solid wastes, fast in combustion speed, good in effect, energy-saving and environment-friendly. In addition, the solid waste combustion furnace body is capable of disposing solid wastes of various kinds at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solid waste incineration stove technical field, particularly a kind of solid waste incineration furnace body.
Background technology
Solid waste comprises: town pavement sweeping rubbish, domestic garbage, food garbage, medical waste, processing of farm products discarded object, ight soil, waste or used plastics, tire, organic sludge and danger wastes such as leather-making mud, electroplating sludge, printing and dyeing sludge etc.The incinerator of conventional garbage burning electricity generation factory generally carries out burn processing to rubbish in 800～900 ℃ of scopes, the incinerator of garbage incinerating power plant is impossible burning disposal medical waste or mud the like waste, more can not the burning disposal danger wastes.Incinerator for medical garbage generally requires furnace temperature to reach 1200 ℃, and existing incinerator for medical garbage need add a large amount of fuel auxiliary combustions, and operating cost is high, handles so also can not be used for consumer waste incineration.For the high Litters such as mud of water content, existing also do not have the special furnace set burning disposal, generally all is landfill disposal after the employing mummification.Can not use same body of heater burning disposal to house refuse, medical waste, organic sludge and danger wastes in the existing incinerator, must go to handle respectively with special-purpose incinerator.And these special-purpose incinerators only are the few partial heat energies that has utilized combustion process, a large amount of fume emissions are arranged in burning process certainly and cause secondary pollution.
At present, be used for the incinerator that solid waste handles and mainly contain mechanical kiln grate furnace, fluidized bed incinerator, swinging incinerator, static pyrogenation incinerator, small-sized oil and gas stove etc.Generally be divided into three sections in its burner hearth of mechanical kiln grate furnace the most commonly used, i.e. dryer section, burning zone and burning segment.Fluid bed is mainly by being used to keep coal body flow air dispersal device, incombustible discharger, incombustible screening and coal body EGR etc. to form.Rotary kiln is the cylinder interior at steel; Install refractory liner additional and porose steel plate is welded into tubular; With the solid waste direction of transfer is the axle center, is the equipment of small angle inclination rotation, its outer two groups of ring-type steel wheel rims and several roller sliding bearing of being with; Cylinder is rotated slowly, and solid waste is stirred and is fed forward.All there is following weak point in these incinerators: the ignition temperature in (1), burner hearth internal combustion district is in 800-900 ℃ of scopes, and ignition temperature is low, and combustion efficiency is poor, can produce pernicious gases such as a large amount of dioxin; (2), can a large amount of flue gases of discharging in combustion process (the pernicious gas dioxin that produces like nitrogen oxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and because of imperfect combustion etc.) cause secondary pollution; (3), combustion process adds auxiliary fuel (like coal, diesel oil etc.) and causes the burning cost up, and consumes mass energy, causes the wasting of resources; (4), because the combustion adjuvant that in combustion process, uses of rubbish is an air, and airborne nitrogen is not participate in combustion reaction, and it absorbs great amount of heat again, heat energy loss is big, the thermal efficiency is low thereby cause.In a word, these furnace body complex structures, combustion space are greatly, the bubbling air amount is big, smoke discharge amount is big, dust is many, heat energy loss is big, neither energy-conservation also not environmental protection.
Owing to there is a large amount of flue gases constantly to discharge, the heat of solid waste incineration can be pulled away a part along with fume emission descends furnace temperature in the existing solid waste incineration stove; And,, need garbage drying in advance so be difficult to burning because solid waste contains washiness and calorific value is low, and this just needs a large amount of hot-airs, and the heat in the burner hearth has been consumed a part again, makes furnace temperature decline; Simultaneously, because the combustion space of incinerator is big, burner hearth inner surface area of dissipation is big, radiating rate is fast and heat dissipation capacity is big, and the heat energy in the burner hearth is consumed a part again, and furnace temperature is descended, and causes the thermal efficiency of whole incinerator low.
The combustion adjuvant of participating in the combustion oxidation reaction in the existing solid waste incineration stove all is to adopt airborne oxygen; Because the composition of solid waste is comparatively complicated, its calorific value difference is big, causes furnace temperature unstable; When the calorific value of incinerated matter hangs down; It is stable to keep furnace temperature generally can to add exotic fuels such as diesel oil or coal, consumes the part energy so again, and the plastics under the oxidant condition is arranged in the solid waste burn when insufficient; Can produce a large amount of toxic and harmfuls such as dioxin, cause serious environmental to pollute.The air capacity that need strengthen usually in the entering burner hearth of burning fully of solid waste is held mobility to increase; Let and in burner hearth, form fluidized state between air and the solid waste; But so can cause flying dust amount increase in the flue gas, make the increase of gas cleaning intractability and cause processing cost to increase.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of solid waste incineration furnace body; Under the identical situation of unit interval processing solid waste quantity, compare with the conventional garbage incinerator; Its combustion space is little, and the flying dust that burning velocity is fast, combustion efficiency good, combustion process produces reduces significantly, and big to the solid waste treating capacity; Ability is the miscellaneous solid waste of burning disposal simultaneously, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Technical solution proposed by the invention is such:
A kind of solid waste incineration furnace body; The body of heater of this incinerator and burner hearth are vertical structure, and said burner hearth is provided with dry section, pyrolysis zone and combustion zone from top to bottom successively, and the bottom, combustion zone is provided with ash hole; Incinerator burner hearth inboard is provided with one group of fiery pit; The outside of the combustion zone of incinerator burner hearth and left and right side are respectively equipped with one group of spray gun, and the incinerator upper furnace outside is provided with block compression solid discarded object inlet port, and the incinerator roof of the furnace is provided with boiler furnace; The left and right side of this boiler furnace is provided with one group of spray gun; The boiler furnace top is provided with air-introduced machine, and flue gas is discharged out of the furnace, and the oxygen rich gas that is mixed by residue flue gas and pure oxygen is transported to three groups of spray guns and one group of spray gun of boiler furnace of the combustion zone of said incinerator burner hearth.
The dry section of incinerator burner hearth and the axis of pyrolysis zone and horizontal plane angle are α=40 °-50 ° of angles, and the axis of combustion zone is vertical with horizontal plane.The one group of fiery pit that is parallel to each other and vertically arranges that the inboard was provided with of the dry section of said incinerator burner hearth, pyrolysis zone, combustion zone; Angle β=40 of its fiery pit face and horizontal plane °-50 ° of angles, at the bottom of the said fiery pit with angle Υ=55 °-65 ° of angles of horizontal plane.Said block compression solid discarded object be by warps such as house refuse, medical waste broken mix and stir by a certain percentage, mix with mud class rubbish and calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, ashes, compression forming processes, and is conveyed in the incinerator burner hearth.
Between boiler furnace bottom and incinerator roof of the furnace, be provided with multilayer refractory ceramics filter core.Ash hole is provided with barrier in the bottom, combustion zone.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following remarkable result:
(1), because incinerator of the present invention has adopted the method with burning and oxygen enrichment high-temp combustion after solid waste fragmentation and the compression forming; Make the incinerator combustion space can reduce 3 times; The generation of burning process flue gas can reduce 4 times, thereby has effectively reduced the thermal losses of burner hearth inner surface and the thermal losses of being taken away by fume emission, and the loss of burning process fume afterheat is less; Fume afterheat can repeatedly be utilized; The thermal efficiency of incinerator is increased substantially, bring up to more than 70% from 47%, its energy-saving effect is remarkable.The weight by volume ratio of the solid waste of existing incinerator is generally 0.3～0.6 Dun ∕ m3; Combustion-supporting gas is an air; Actual air volume is generally 10m3 ∕ ten thousand kilocalories; And the weight by volume of the solid waste of incinerator of the present invention ratio reaches 0.9～1.8 Dun ∕ m3, and combustion-supporting gas is an oxygen rich gas, and actual air volume is generally 2 m3 ∕, ten thousand kilocalories.Simultaneously, the inner of the boiler chamber temperature is increased to about 1200 ℃ and (promotes 400-500 ℃ than existing furnace temperature).Owing to use oxygen rich gas combustion-supporting, reduce in the air by 80% nitrogen and participate in burning, thereby the carbon dioxide content in the flue gas that after second-time burning, produces improves 3-4 doubly, to 90% of flue gas, and the carbon dioxide recovery in the flue gas become dry ice.
(2), because incinerator of the present invention has adopted fiery pit, about 45 degree slope blanking method, block compression solid discarded object is to utilize under its deadweight and the slope of fiery pit face to be slipped to burner hearth bottom in the burner hearth.Simultaneously; Owing to when making block compression solid discarded object, adopted interpolation calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, ashes powder etc. to mix the imitation frosted glass method; Lime-ash becomes loose honeycomb after it burns; By the deadweight of top block compression solid discarded object with in the ashcan of lime-ash crushing below barrier is fallen ash hole, thereby, reduced the danger that the recurrent sintering of existing shaft kiln caves in widely.This incinerator can also burn numerous dissimilar solid waste such as mud, house refuse, medical waste and danger wastes etc. simultaneously, and the applicability of incinerator is very extensive.
(3), because incinerator of the present invention has adopted behind the anaerobic pyrolysis combustion method again; Ignition temperature is up to 1200 ℃, solid waste in stove after super-dry, pyrolysis high-temp combustion again, the solid waste pyrolytic process is under oxygen deficient atmospheres, to carry out; Thereby destroyed the formation condition of dioxin; Avoided the generation of dioxin, solved in the solid waste incineration process difficult problem that produces dioxin harm, made the incinerator effect of preventing and remedying pollution remarkable.
(4), since incinerator of the present invention adopted and be compressed into blocks of solid discarded object and burner hearth madial wall and be provided with row's ventilation fiery pit; Burner hearth is vertical structure again; The compression solid discarded object can be burnt by concentrate firepower point in burner hearth, and such structure reduces the flying dust that combustion space is little, burning velocity fast, the solid waste treating capacity is big, combustion efficiency good, combustion process produces significantly.
(5) because incinerator of the present invention is in fire box the fixed carbon of solid waste to be burnt after the organic carbon of boiler furnace combustion and pyrolysis flue gas.On fire box's barrier, guarantee the abundant completing combustion of the fixed carbon of solid waste; In boiler furnace, must feed a certain amount of oxygen rich gas and participate in the organic carbon in the combustion and pyrolysis flue gas; Guarantee to get into the flue gas fully completing combustion once more in the boiler furnace; Make all fully completing combustion of fixed carbon and organic carbon, thereby make the combustion efficiency of whole incinerator good, effects of energy saving and emission reduction is remarkable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of solid waste incineration furnace body of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A generalized section of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the B-B generalized section of Fig. 1.
Shown in the figure: 1, incinerator body of heater; 2, barrier; 3, ash hole; 4, spray gun; 5, combustion zone; 6, pyrolysis zone; 7, fiery pit; 7-1, fiery pit face; At the bottom of 7-2, the fiery pit; 8, dry section; 9, incinerator burner hearth; 10, refractory ceramics filter core; 11, boiler furnace; 12, air-introduced machine; 13, block compression solid discarded object; 14, conveyer belt; 15, block compression solid discarded object inlet port.
The specific embodiment
Through following embodiment the present invention is done further to set forth in detail.
Referring to Fig. 1-shown in Figure 3, a kind of solid waste incineration furnace body is made up of incinerator body of heater 1, the incinerator burner hearth 9 of vertical structure, high temperature resistant band conveyor 14, boiler furnace 11, the air-introduced machine 12 of vertical structure.Incinerator burner hearth 9 is provided with dry section 8, pyrolysis zone 6 and combustion zone 5 from top to bottom successively, and 5 bottoms, combustion zone are provided with ash hole 3, and this ash hole 3 is provided with barrier 2.The cross section of this incinerator burner hearth 9 is square; Inboard in the dry section 8 of incinerator burner hearth 9, pyrolysis zone 6, combustion zone 5 is provided with one group of heated kang that is parallel to each other and vertically arranges 7; Angle β=40 of heated kang face 7-1 and horizontal plane °-50 ° of angles, angle Υ=55 of 7-2 and horizontal plane °-65 ° of angles at the bottom of the heated kang.The outside, left side and right side in the combustion zone 5 of incinerator burner hearth 9 are respectively equipped with one group of spray gun 4.The outside portion on incinerator burner hearth 9 tops is provided with block compression solid discarded object inlet port 15; House refuse, food garbage, medical waste etc. through disintegrating machine and mud class rubbish and mix imitation frosted glass calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, ashes mix and stir by a certain percentage mix after compression forming process block compression solid discarded object 13, in high temperature resistant band conveyor 14 input incinerator burner hearths 9.Incinerator burner hearth 9 tops are provided with boiler furnace 12, are provided with refractory ceramics filter core 10 between this boiler furnace 12 and the incinerator burner hearth 9.The dry section 8 of incinerator burner hearth 9 and the axis of pyrolysis zone 6 and the angle of horizontal plane are α=40 °-50 ° of angles, and the axis of combustion zone 5 is vertical with horizontal plane.Be provided with air-introduced machine 12 at boiler furnace 11 tops; The outer smoke processing system of air-introduced machine 12 outputs and stove is connected, and block compression solid discarded object 13 is at the flue gas that combustion zone 5 burnings produce under air-introduced machine 16 effects, upwards flow through pyrolysis zone 6, dry section 8, boiler furnace 11 and export the smoke processing system outside the body of heater to.Be mixed into oxygen rich gas from the residue flue gas and the pure oxygen of smoke processing system output, transport to three groups of spray guns 4 and 4 burnings of 11 1 groups of spray guns of boiler furnace of the combustion zone 5 of said incinerator burner hearth.
Be provided with some storage warehouses outside this solid waste incineration furnace body 1 and store house refuse, medical waste, mud class rubbish, calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, ashes respectively; Broken respectively by a certain percentage, mix and stir mixing; Block compression solid discarded object 13 is processed in compression forming; In high temperature resistant band conveyor 14 input incinerator burner hearths 9, flow to combustion zone 5 from dry section 8, pyrolysis zone 6, the high temperature that carries out 1200 ℃ through the 4 pairs of block compression solid discarded objects 13 of three groups of spray guns that are located at 5 outsides, combustion zone, left side, right side fully burns; The flue gas that produces mainly flows to incinerator burner hearth 9 tops through fiery pit 7; The width in every fiery pit 7 can not get in the fiery pit 7 it less than the width of block compression solid discarded object 13, to guarantee that exhaust gases passes is unimpeded.Sufficient heat exchange is also constantly carried out in the 13 one-tenth reverse flows of block compression solid discarded object that flow downward in the flue gas that rises and the incinerator burner hearth 9; Block compression solid discarded object 13 in dry section 8 receives flue gas heating to make its drying, and the temperature of dry section 8 is about about 200 ℃, and dried block compression solid discarded object 13 gets into pyrolysis zone 6; Receive the flue gas heating of higher temperature in pyrolysis zone 6; Make its pyrolysis, the temperature of pyrolysis zone 6 is about 800 ℃, and dry section 8 is anoxic zones with pyrolysis zone 6; Block compression solid discarded object 13 is under anaerobic condition, to carry out in dry section 8 dryings with in pyrolysis zone 6 pyrolysis; The generation condition that does not have dioxin, thereby, the generation of dioxin effectively prevented.Because evenly being mixed with calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, ashes etc. in the block compression solid discarded object 13 mixes imitation frosted glass and after reaching 800 ℃ of left and right sides temperature after super-dry, the pyrolysis, just gets into combustion zone 5; So in furnace temperature reaches 1200 ℃ combustion zone 5, can fully burn and sinter the honeycomb block into; Continued to get into block compression solid discarded object 13 pressures of combustion zone 5 and loose into ashes; And discharge from ash hole 3 through barrier 2, the flying dust that is produced simultaneously is fewer.Between boiler furnace 11 bottoms and incinerator burner hearth 9 tops, multilayer refractory ceramics filter core 10 is housed, basic elimination flying dust.
This incinerator product is fully used, and carbon dioxide is processed dry ice, and nitrogen oxide is processed combustion-supporting or sterilizing gas, and an ashes part is processed building materials, and another part is mixed the imitation frosted glass Recycling, and Boiler Steam is generated electricity, and reaches the remarkable result of energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Claims (5)
1. solid waste incineration furnace body; It is characterized in that: the body of heater of this incinerator and burner hearth are vertical structure, and said burner hearth is provided with dry section, pyrolysis zone and combustion zone from top to bottom successively, and the bottom, combustion zone is provided with ash hole; Incinerator burner hearth inboard is provided with one group of fiery pit; The outside of the combustion zone of incinerator burner hearth and left and right side are respectively equipped with one group of spray gun, and the incinerator upper furnace outside is provided with block compression solid discarded object inlet port, and the incinerator roof of the furnace is provided with boiler furnace; The left and right side of this boiler furnace is provided with one group of spray gun; The boiler furnace top is provided with air-introduced machine, and flue gas is discharged out of the furnace, and the oxygen rich gas that is mixed by residue flue gas and pure oxygen is transported to three groups of spray guns and one group of spray gun of boiler furnace of the combustion zone of said incinerator burner hearth.
2. solid waste incineration furnace body according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the angle of the dry section of incinerator burner hearth and the axis of pyrolysis zone and horizontal plane is α=40 °-50 ° of angles, and the axis of combustion zone is vertical with horizontal plane.
3. solid waste incineration furnace body according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the one group of fiery pit that is parallel to each other and vertically arranges that the inboard was provided with of the dry section of said incinerator burner hearth, pyrolysis zone, combustion zone; Angle β=40 of its fiery pit face and horizontal plane °-50 ° of angles, at the bottom of the said fiery pit with angle Υ=55 °-65 ° of angles of horizontal plane.
4. solid waste incineration furnace body according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with multilayer refractory ceramics filter core between said boiler furnace bottom and the incinerator roof of the furnace.
5. solid waste incineration furnace body according to claim 1 is characterized in that: bottom, said combustion zone ash hole is provided with barrier.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012202108854U CN202561764U (en) | 2012-05-11 | 2012-05-11 | Solid waste combustion furnace body |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012202108854U CN202561764U (en) | 2012-05-11 | 2012-05-11 | Solid waste combustion furnace body |
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| CN202561764U true CN202561764U (en) | 2012-11-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2012202108854U Expired - Fee Related CN202561764U (en) | 2012-05-11 | 2012-05-11 | Solid waste combustion furnace body |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102705831A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-10-03 | 袁永扬 | Solid waste incinerator body |
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2012
- 2012-05-11 CN CN2012202108854U patent/CN202561764U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102705831A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-10-03 | 袁永扬 | Solid waste incinerator body |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20121128 Termination date: 20210511 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |