CN202428645U - Extruder capable of promoting polymer and composite material to be subjected to photochemical reaction - Google Patents
Extruder capable of promoting polymer and composite material to be subjected to photochemical reaction Download PDFInfo
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- CN202428645U CN202428645U CN2012200161669U CN201220016166U CN202428645U CN 202428645 U CN202428645 U CN 202428645U CN 2012200161669 U CN2012200161669 U CN 2012200161669U CN 201220016166 U CN201220016166 U CN 201220016166U CN 202428645 U CN202428645 U CN 202428645U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an extruder capable of promoting polymer and a composite material to be subjected to a photochemical reaction. The extruder comprises a double-screw extruder and an ultraviolet light generating device, wherein a charging barrel of the double-screw extruder is divided into ten sections; a seventh charging barrel and an eighth charging barrel which are a certain distance away from a feed inlet are provided with two rectangular light inlet holes respectively; the length of each light inlet hole is the diameter of 2 to 4 screws, and the width of each light inlet hole is the diameter of 1 to 2 screws; and the ultraviolet light generating device is a high-pressure pump lamp, an iodine gallium lamp or a halogen lamp which generates ultraviolet light with the emission wavelength of 190 to 400 nanometers, and is arranged above the light inlet holes, and the mounting height, namely the distance between the ultraviolet light generating device and the upper surfaces of the light inlet holes is 20 to 50cm. The extruder meets the requirement that the polymer in a molten state is subjected to the photochemical reaction under the irradiation action of ultraviolet light in the double-screw extruder, and thoroughly solves the problem that a glass charging barrel cannot be applied to the double-screw extruder due to high fracture possibility of a barrel body.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to polymer and photochemically reactive device takes place in the extrusion of double screw extruder composite, particularly a kind of polymer and composite thereof in the extrusion of extruder, be under the molten condition, the isolated plant of crosslinked, grafting, degraded and increase-volume take place under the UV-irradiation effect.
Background technology
Up to now, there are following several kinds with the mode of irradiation as the initiating accident sequence of initiating accident sequence initiated polymerization thing and composite generation chemical reaction thereof: electron beam irradiation, gamma-radiation irradiation, ultraviolet irradiation and microwave irradiation etc.Electron beam irradiation and gamma-radiation irradiation all belong to the high-energy irradiation mode, and its advantage is that energy is high, and penetration power is strong, under situation about handling than thick polymer and composite material thereof, has remarkable advantages; And the energy of microwave irradiation is low, and is low for the efficient of initiated polymerization thing and composite generation chemical reaction thereof, is commonly used to polymer and composite thereof are carried out heat effect.The modified methods that adopt γ-radiation and accelerated electron beam to come polymer the most and composite thereof as irradiation bomb in actual polymer and composite modification thereof are used more; But these two kinds of method costs are expensive; Degree of danger is high, so the purposes in production reality is limited.Ultraviolet light is as the higher irradiation means of a kind of energy, and energy can initiated polymerization thing and composite generation chemical reaction thereof between said two devices, and cost is low, only needs simple ultraviolet light generation equipment just can obtain; And a little less than the penetration capacity, under simple safeguard procedures, just can avoid harm, have better practicability human and environment.
Ultraviolet light belongs to the higher ray of a kind of energy, and polymer and composite thereof under the ultraviolet light irradiation effect molecule chain break can take place, and generates active macromolecular radical.This macromolecular radical initiated polymerization thing and composite thereof under certain conditions carries out reactions such as grafting, crosslinked, degraded or increase-volume.
Because a little less than the penetration capacity of ultraviolet light, polymer that present ultraviolet light causes and composite photochemical reaction thereof all can only make reaction occur in the surface of polymer and composite thereof.And purposes only limits to the performance that the surface grafting reaction is used to improve polymer and composite material surface thereof.The application of adopting the ultraviolet light irradiation technology to carry out polymer and the modification of composite body thereof is mainly seen in the occasion that fiber, film etc. are easy to penetrate, and is rarely found than the application in the thick product.EP490854 discloses the polyethylene photo-crosslinking carries out and use novel photoinitiator under nitrogen environment patent.Application number is that 91103158.8 and 91208158.9 Chinese utility model patent also discloses the production method of photo crosslinked polyethylene wire and cable under nitrogen environment; The Chinese patent of application number 91208158.9 discloses a kind of production equipment of ultraviolet light cross-linking polyethylene wire and cable; The patent No. is that 200320107970.9 Chinese patent proposes a kind of polyolefin pipe ultraviolet light cross-linking special equipment.Above-mentioned photochemically reactive method and apparatus is not all avoided polymer and composite thereof the problem of non-uniform on thickness direction under ultraviolet light irradiation; And the penetration power of actual medium ultraviolet light is to successively decrease along with the degree of depth; It is strong that surface one deck receives the effect of light irradiation, and matrix inside receives a little less than the effect of light irradiation.China's utility model patent 200710027396.9 adopts transparent barrel extruder as reaction unit; Make polymer and composite thereof under molten condition, accept ultraviolet light irradiation; Because heating and melting has destroyed the crystalline texture of polymeric material; The molecular motion that has improved polymer molecule simultaneously is active, thereby has improved the reactivity of molten polymer under ultraviolet irradiation greatly, has improved the utilization rate of ultraviolet irradiation; But in this device owing to adopt the glass barrel as main functional part; In use frangible, therefore can only be applied to shearing force and stirring capacity more weak single screw extrusion machine relatively, production efficiency is lower; For the reaction system that mixability is had relatively high expectations, inaccessible instructions for use; And the difficulty of the manufacturing of glass barrel, processing and installation process is high, and use cost is higher.
Single screw extrusion machine can adopt the bright barrel of full impregnated to carry out the reaction of ultraviolet irradiation, the occasion of still having relatively high expectations for mixed effect, and the Mixing with Single Screw Extruder effect is with regard to inaccessible requirement.For the double screw extruder that is adopted on the commercial production, present material and production technology also can't be made the bright barrel of full impregnated and accomplish the photochemical reaction that ultraviolet irradiation causes; In addition, though double screw extruder has vacuum vent holes, it is very little that steam vent generally all designs, and also is difficult to be applied to the course of reaction of ultraviolet irradiation initiated polymerization thing.
The utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art; The reaction unit of a kind of production efficiency height, low cost of manufacture, good mixing effect is provided; Satisfy requirement that the polymer under the molten condition in the double screw extruder issues third contact of a total solar or lunar eclipse chemical reaction in the UV-irradiation effect simultaneously; Thoroughly solve and adopt the glass barrel to cause cylindrical shell frangible, photochemically reactive extruder takes place in the promotion polymer and the composite that can't be applied to the problem of double screw extruder.
The utility model purpose realizes through following technical scheme:
Photochemically reactive extruder takes place in a kind of promotion polymer and composite, comprises double screw extruder and ultraviolet light generating means; The barrel of double screw extruder is made up of ten sections barrels, on apart from the 7th section barrel of charging aperture, with the 8th section barrel position two rectangle light wells is set respectively; Light well length is 2-4 screw diameter, and wide is 1-2 screw diameter, and adopting quartz glass seals covering on the rectangle light well; The ultraviolet light generating means is high-pressure sodium lamp, Iodine gallium light or the Halogen lamp LED that emission wavelength is in 190nm～400nm wavelength ultraviolet light; The ultraviolet light generating means is placed in the top of light well, and the power of ultraviolet light generating means is between 500 watts～5000 watts, and setting height(from bottom) is no more than light well upper surface 20-50cm.
Further, the transverse width of said light well is preferably 1.5 screw diameters.
Said light well longitudinal length is preferably 3 screw diameters.
The screw slenderness ratio of said double screw extruder is preferably 40: 1.
Every section barrel length of said double screw extruder is preferably 4 screw diameters.
Said double screw extruder is preferably parallel co-rotating twin screw extruder.
Have two light wells on the barrel of the utility model extruder, the polymer and the composite material thereof that are used for after the fusion are accepted ultraviolet light irradiation in extrusion; The effect of extruder is heating, extruding, mix, carry and be used to take place photochemically reactive polymer and composite thereof and make it fusion; The effect of ultraviolet light generating means is to be used for producing the needed ultraviolet light of photochemical reaction, and the ultraviolet light generating means is installed in the outside light inlet position of extruder, and ultraviolet light is radiated on polymer and the Composite Melt thereof through light well.
Solid polymer and composite thereof get into from the charge door of extruder; Polymer and the composite thereof of this moment still are in solid state; Through the rotation of screw rod and the heat effect of barrel external heater; Solid polymer and composite thereof are transported to the charge door downstream, and polymer and composite thereof begin the fusion deliquescing simultaneously.The light inlet of extruder barrel is positioned on the 7th and the 8th section barrel in extruder charge door downstream, and polymer and the composite thereof of this moment have been in molten state.Light inlet is shaped as rectangle, light well length be 3 screw diameters, wide be 1.5 screw diameters.
Ultraviolet light is a kind of high-energy ray, and its wavelength ratio visible light is short, and energy is also high than visible light.Polymer and composite molecule thereof are under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, and energy that can absorbing ultraviolet light also decomposes and produces macromolecular radical.The ultraviolet light generating means is many with high-pressure sodium lamp in reality; Its price is low and ultraviolet light energy emission is high; The Halogen lamp LED of the uviol lamp of other types such as Iodine gallium light or other type also can produce sufficient ultraviolet light; It is the ultraviolet light of some specific wavelengths of control generation emission more easily, is used for the ultraviolet light of some specific wavelengths is required more rich occasion more.Used ultraviolet light generating means can be high-pressure sodium lamp, Iodine gallium light or other Halogen lamp LED that emission wavelength is in 190nm～400nm wavelength ultraviolet light in the utility model.
The generating means of ultraviolet light described in the utility model is installed in the outside barrel light well position of extruder; The ultraviolet light that produces is radiated on the polymer and composite thereof of fusion in the barrel from the light well of barrel; The energy of polymer and composite molecule absorption ultraviolet light thereof produces free radical, thereby begins to take place chemical reaction.Because the rotation of two screw rods, the upset that makes polymer and Composite Melt thereof not stop mixes in the barrel, and polymer and the Composite Melt surface thereof of accepting ultraviolet light irradiation can continuous updatings, has improved the capacity usage ratio of ultraviolet light; Because the mixing of screw rod makes the free radical of polymer and composite irradiating surface thereof can enter into melt inside, improved the uniformity coefficient of chemical reaction simultaneously.
To reserve certain distance between generation of the generating means of ultraviolet light described in the utility model and the extruder inner screw; Be convenient to so on the one hand install; Can also play simultaneously the effect of protection uviol lamp; Distance between uviol lamp and the extruder inner screw is 20cm-50cm, to improve the utilization rate of ultraviolet light.
Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following beneficial effect:
(1) the utility model is provided with two rectangle light wells respectively with the 8th section barrel position on apart from the 7th section barrel of charging aperture; Light well length is 2-4 screw diameter, and wide is 1-2 screw diameter, and the ultraviolet light generating means is placed in the top of light well, and the power of ultraviolet light generating means is between 500 watts～5000 watts, and setting height(from bottom) is no more than light well upper surface 20-50cm; This technology satisfy requirement that the polymer under the molten condition in the twin-screw issues third contact of a total solar or lunar eclipse chemical reaction in the UV-irradiation effect simultaneously, thoroughly solve and adopt the glass barrel to cause cylindrical shell frangible, can't be applied to the problem of double screw extruder.
(2) ultraviolet light causes the generation macromolecular radical from the light inlet irradiation on the extruder barrel at polymer and Composite Melt surface thereof, can realize that photochemically reactive continuous production takes place for ultraviolet light irradiation initiated polymerization thing and composite thereof; Uv-light polymerization thing and composite thereof are in molten condition generation photochemical reaction; With compare under the solid state; All polymer and composite molecule thereof all are in the uniform condition of high temperature; Polymer and composite thereof under the molten condition reach excitation state in action of ultraviolet light more easily, can improve photochemically reactive reactivity and uniformity coefficient;
(3) through the immixture of twin-screw, can make the surface renovation continuously that receives light irradiation, photochemical reaction is incorporated into matrix inside, improved polymer and composite thereof photochemically reactive uniformity coefficient under molten condition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the utility model promotes polymer and composite that the structural representation of photochemically reactive extruder takes place;
Fig. 2 is the transverse sectional view of light well among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal cross-section sketch map of light well among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the sketch map after the sealing of light well adopting quartz glass among Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is that embodiment 1 ultraviolet light causes the change curve of the gel content of polyethylene crosslinking with screw speed.
Fig. 6 is that embodiment 2 ultraviolet lights cause the change curve of the gel content of polyethylene crosslinking with screw speed.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is done further to describe, but the utility model requires the scope of protection to be not limited to the express ranges of the specific embodiment.
Shown in Fig. 1-4, photochemically reactive extruder takes place in a kind of promotion polymer and composite, comprises double screw extruder 1 and ultraviolet light generating means 2; The barrel 4 of double screw extruder 1 is made up of ten sections barrels, on apart from the 7th section barrel of charging aperture, with the 8th section barrel position two rectangle light wells 3 is set respectively; Light well length is 2-4 screw diameter; Wide is 1-2 screw diameter; Adopting quartz glass 5 seals covering on the rectangle light well, and the ultraviolet light generating means can be high-pressure sodium lamp, Iodine gallium light or other Halogen lamp LED that emission wavelength is in 190nm～400nm wavelength ultraviolet light; Ultraviolet light generating means 2 is placed in the top of light well 3, and the power of ultraviolet light generating means is between 500 watts～5000 watts, and setting height(from bottom) is no more than light well upper surface 20-50cm.The screw slenderness ratio of double screw extruder is 40: 1; The transverse width of light well is preferably 1.5 screw diameters; The longitudinal length of light well is preferably 3 screw diameters, and every section barrel length of common double screw extruder is preferably 4 screw diameters.
Polymer and composite thereof are after the extruder charge door enters into barrel 4; Rotation and external heat through screw rod make polymer and composite thereof that fusion take place when being fed forward, and polymer and composite thereof have been in molten condition when arriving light well 3.Uv-light polymerization thing and Composite Melt generation photochemical reaction thereof that ultraviolet light generating means 2 produces; The continuous rotation of screw extruder 1 screw rod; Can receive polymer and composite material surface thereof ultraviolet light irradiation that the renewal of constantly rolling of photochemically reactive melt takes place, and fully mix with partial polymer that does not receive ultraviolet light irradiation and Composite Melt thereof.
The exhaust outlet of present double screw extruder is mainly used in removes a small amount of volatilization gas in the polymer, and perforate is all very little, is difficult to be applied to the course of reaction of uv-light polymerization thing and composite thereof.The utility model adopts the mode that light well is set to improve ultraviolet irradiation and acts on the irradiated area on polymer and the Composite Melt thereof, and light well length is 2-4 screw diameter, and width is a 1-2 screw diameter.This shape had both guaranteed not destroy existing barrel structure, can satisfy the needs of irradiation reaction again.The position of light well is arranged on the 7th and the 8th section barrel of barrel, polymer and the composite thereof of this moment be in all and molten condition, high reaction activity and high can be arranged.The irradiation reaction of polymer melt continues in the 9th and the tenth section barrel of extruder, to accomplish further and mixes after light well takes place, and extrudes through extruder die head then.
Embodiment 1
Material requested: polyethylene, sensitising agent, crosslinking coagent
Adopt the diameter 50mm of parallel co-rotating twin screw extruder, draw ratio 40: 1.From being fed to discharging, barrel is divided into 10 sections, the temperature setting of 10 sections barrels: 100 ℃, 150 ℃, 170 ℃, 170 ℃, 170 ℃, 170 ℃, 170 ℃, 170 ℃, 170 ℃, 170 ℃, adopt cast aluminum heaters to heat, recirculated water cooling temperature control.On apart from the 7th section barrel of charging aperture, two rectangle light wells 3 are set respectively with the 8th section barrel position; Light well length is 2 screw diameters, and wide is 2 screw diameters, and adopting quartz glass 5 seals covering on the rectangle light well.The little emission wavelength of ultraviolet light generating means is in the high-pressure sodium lamp of 190nm～400nm wavelength ultraviolet light; Ultraviolet light generating means 2 is placed in the top of light well 3, and the power of ultraviolet light generating means is between 500 watts～5000 watts, and setting height(from bottom) is positioned at light well upper surface 20cm place.
Test procedure:
1, choose the experiment material after; Take by weighing dried polyethylene, sensitising agent benzophenone and crosslinking coagent; Sensitising agent benzophenone consumption is 0.1% (a quality percentage composition) of polyhexene consumption; Crosslinking coagent is a divinylbenzene, and consumption is 0.5% (a quality percentage composition) of polypropylene consumption, joins after mixing in the double screw extruder hopper;
2, by the temperature of double screw extruder setting extruder was carried out preheating 30 minutes;
3, open the ultraviolet light irradiation device with 2 high-pressure sodium lamps; Power is 1000 watts; Wave-length coverage is that 350nm-450nm is the center with 365nm, and high-pressure sodium lamp is 25cm through the distance that is installed on the support with screw rod, and to arrive the light energy of screw surface be 2.5J/cm to ultraviolet light under this condition
2, treat that UV-light luminous is stable after, start that extruder can be extruded, pelletizing;
4, it is crosslinked, as shown in Figure 5 that adjustment extruder rotating speed carries out the polyethylene body between 50 to 200rpm, can obtain the crosslinked polyethylene of different gel contents.
As can be seen from Figure 5, when rotating speed is 50rpm, poly gel content 39%; When rotating speed was 200rpm, poly gel content was 15%.This process route is simple, through changing the polyethylene that screw speed obtains different crosslinking degrees.
Material requested: polypropylene (melt index is 3.5g/10min), sensitising agent styrax alkyl ether
Adopt the out-phase parallel double-screw extruder as extrusion device; Screw diameter 30mm, draw ratio 40: 1 is from being fed to discharging; Barrel is divided into 10 sections; The temperature setting of 10 sections barrels is followed successively by: 120 ℃, 150 ℃, 180 ℃, 190 ℃, 190 ℃, 190 ℃, 190 ℃, 190 ℃, 190 ℃, 190 ℃, adopt cast aluminum heaters to heat, recirculated water cooling temperature control.On apart from the 7th section barrel of charging aperture, two rectangle light wells 3 are set respectively with the 8th section barrel position; Light well length is 4 screw diameters, and wide is 1 screw diameter, and adopting quartz glass 5 seals covering on the rectangle light well.The little emission wavelength of ultraviolet light generating means is in the Iodine gallium light of 190nm～400nm wavelength ultraviolet light; Ultraviolet light generating means 2 is placed in the top of light well 3, and the power of ultraviolet light generating means is between 500 watts～5000 watts, and setting height(from bottom) is positioned at light well upper surface 50cm place.
1, choose the experiment material after, take by weighing dried polypropylene, sensitising agent styrax alkyl ether; Sensitising agent styrax alkyl ether consumption is 0.1% (a quality percentage composition) of polypropylene consumption, joins after mixing in the double screw extruder hopper;
2, by the temperature of double screw extruder setting extruder was carried out preheating 30 minutes;
3, open the ultraviolet light irradiation device; Adopting the power of high-pressure sodium lamp is 1500 watts, and wave-length coverage is that 350nm-450nm is the center with 365nm, and high-pressure sodium lamp is through being installed on the support; With the distance of extruder screw be 25cm, to arrive the light energy of quartz glass be 5J/cm to ultraviolet light under this condition
2, treat that UV-light luminous is stable after, start that extruder is extruded, pelletizing;
4, adjustment extruder rotating speed to the polypropylene control of degrading, can obtain the polypropylene of different palliating degradation degrees between 50 to 200rpm.
The polyacrylic melt index of raw material is 3.5g/10min.As can be seen from Figure 6, when rotating speed is 50rpm, polyacrylic melt index 65g/10min; When rotating speed is during at 200rpm, polyacrylic melt index is 12g/10min, obviously improves compared to untreated polypropylene.This method technology is simple, flexible, can prepare the acrylic resin of the different ranks that flow very easily, thereby has overcome the difficulty of adjustment in the reactor.
Claims (6)
1. one kind promotes polymer and composite that photochemically reactive extruder takes place, and it is characterized in that: comprise double screw extruder and ultraviolet light generating means; The barrel of double screw extruder is made up of ten sections barrels, on apart from the 7th section barrel of charging aperture, with the 8th section barrel position two rectangle light wells is set respectively; Light well length is 2-4 screw diameter, and wide is 1-2 screw diameter, and adopting quartz glass seals covering on the rectangle light well; The ultraviolet light generating means is high-pressure sodium lamp, Iodine gallium light or the Halogen lamp LED that emission wavelength is in 190nm～400nm wavelength ultraviolet light; The ultraviolet light generating means is placed in the top of light well, and the power of ultraviolet light generating means is between 500 watts～5000 watts, and setting height(from bottom) is no more than light well upper surface 20-50cm.
2. photochemically reactive extruder takes place for promotion polymer according to claim 1 and composite, it is characterized in that: the transverse width of said light well is 1.5 screw diameters.
3. photochemically reactive extruder takes place for promotion polymer according to claim 1 and composite, it is characterized in that: said light well longitudinal length is 3 screw diameters.
4. photochemically reactive extruder takes place for promotion polymer according to claim 1 and composite, it is characterized in that: the screw slenderness ratio of said double screw extruder is 40: 1.
5. photochemically reactive extruder takes place for promotion polymer according to claim 1 and composite, it is characterized in that: every section barrel length of said double screw extruder is 4 screw diameters.
6. photochemically reactive extruder takes place for promotion polymer according to claim 1 and composite, it is characterized in that: said double screw extruder is parallel co-rotating twin screw extruder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012200161669U CN202428645U (en) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | Extruder capable of promoting polymer and composite material to be subjected to photochemical reaction |
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| CN2012200161669U CN202428645U (en) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | Extruder capable of promoting polymer and composite material to be subjected to photochemical reaction |
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| CN202428645U true CN202428645U (en) | 2012-09-12 |
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| CN2012200161669U Expired - Fee Related CN202428645U (en) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | Extruder capable of promoting polymer and composite material to be subjected to photochemical reaction |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102529057A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-07-04 | 华南理工大学 | Device for photochemical reaction between polymer and composite material |
| PL422984A1 (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-08 | Galas Adam Sławomir | Device for mixing and extrusion of materials, preferably plastic materials |
-
2012
- 2012-01-13 CN CN2012200161669U patent/CN202428645U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102529057A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-07-04 | 华南理工大学 | Device for photochemical reaction between polymer and composite material |
| PL422984A1 (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-08 | Galas Adam Sławomir | Device for mixing and extrusion of materials, preferably plastic materials |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120912 Termination date: 20150113 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |