CN202295285U - Multifunctional aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to aviation and relates to manufacturing of a multifunctional aircraft. The multifunctional aircraft can fly in three states of aircraft, helicopter and glider and is flexibly and conveniently converted among the three states. A longitudinal opening shielded by a telescopic cloth curtain is formed at the upper part of the multifunctional aircraft; a bracket consisting of an inverted-L shaped unequal force arm lever and an auxiliary lever is arranged below the longitudinal opening; and a push type propeller and a transmission motor are mounted at the free end of the lever. At the moment, a short force arm of the unequal force arm lever is fixed on a shaft of a sector gear of a bracket rotating mechanical device; a worm of the bracket rotating mechanical device is connected with a sliding control frame reciprocating motion transmission device; the sliding control frame reciprocating motion transmission device is provided with a locator including front, middle and back positions; and the three positions respectively correspond to flying states of aircraft, helicopter and glider. The multifunctional aircraft provided by the utility model has the advantages of improving the use performance of the aircraft and reducing the manufacturing cost of the aircraft.

Description

Multifunction aircraft

Technical field

The utility model patent belongs to aviation class general purpose vehicle, and this multifunction aircraft both can be used as aircraft utilization, also can be used as helicopter or aerodone and uses.

Background technology

Germany's 12.02.1940 № No. 688937 62c classes patent was once recommended a kind of general purpose vehicle that overweights air, this aircraft comprise lifting wing, band yaw rudder and the pitching rudder of fuselage, alighting gear, long-distance flight vertical tail and tailplane, be installed in the main screw on the forebody trust engine axle; Main screw will be connected with an auxiliary propeller at least, is installed on the end of telescope holder S. A., another end is fixed on the support of the lifting wing that disposes the mechanical device long distance flight of moving along the back longitudinal axis.

The shortcoming of this multifunction aircraft is; It has main screw and auxiliary propeller, and main screw is connected with driving engine, and main screw can only use when aerodone or aircraft state; Because on the long-distance flight lifting wing, auxiliary propeller is installed, can realize low-speed operations; Owing on remote lifting wing face, auxiliary propeller telescoping shoring column etc. is installed, can increases air resistance during flight.

U.S. № 3 in 1969; 529,793 к п 244-139 patents were once recommended a kind of transformable multifunction aircraft, and a longitudinal seam formula opening that is covered by the scalable door curtain made of cloth is arranged on the covering of aircraft fuselage top; At opening part a travel(l)ing rest is arranged; This support is connected with the lower end of the mechanical device that moves, and is installed in the outer end of pusher propeller to support, with drive motor, sweepback lifting wing, be with the vertical and horizontal swept fin of yaw rudder and pitching rudder to be connected.

The shortcoming of this multifunction aircraft mainly is, the modernized landing site that complex structure, material usage be big, must have large-scale multiple transport plane to use.

By technical spirit and the effect that reaches, the patent of Russian Federation (application number № 2003105840/28 (006246), priority ranking 03.03.03, in a preferential order patent) is near this kind aircraft.This multifunction aircraft is made up of following part: fuselage; A longitudinal seam formula opening that can be covered by the flexible door curtain made of cloth is arranged at its top; Under " aerodone " state of flight; The below of longitudinal seam formula opening by one by the non-support that waits arm lever and auxiliary lever to form of Γ shape, it is hinged that auxiliary lever passes through the oscillating axle of arm levers such as its longitudinal moving mechanical device and Γ shape be non-; The drive motor of band pusher propeller is installed at the free end of lever; The blade of pusher propeller is collapsible on plane of revolution; At this moment; The short arm of force of the non-grade of Γ shape arm lever is fixed on the quadrant gear of support rotative mechanism arrangement; The worm screw of support rotative mechanism arrangement moves back and forth driving device with the Sliding Control frame and links to each other, the Sliding Control frame move back and forth driving device have comprise before, during and after the steady arm of three positions, these three positions respectively corresponding " aircraft ", " helicopter " and " aerodone " state of flights; Vertical and the sweepback tailplane of aircraft landing gear, sweepforward lifting wing and band yaw rudder and pitching rudder.

The shortcoming of this general purpose vehicle mainly is that manipulation is complicated, and is not enough in the reliability and stability of various states flights, safeguards that usage charges are high, service life is short.

Summary of the invention:

The purpose of the utility model patent is that multifunction aircraft is handled simple, and is high in the reliability and stability of various state flights, safeguards low, the long service life of usage charges and working hour expense.

The utility model patent problem should reach; Multifunction aircraft is made up of following part: fuselage; A longitudinal seam formula opening that can be covered by the scalable door curtain made of cloth is arranged at its top; Under " aerodone " state of flight, the below of longitudinal opening by one by the non-support that waits arm lever and auxiliary lever to form of Γ shape, it is hinged that auxiliary lever passes through the oscillating axle of arm levers such as its longitudinal moving mechanical device and Γ shape be non-; Free end at lever is equipped with the drive motor with pusher propeller; The blade of pusher propeller is collapsible on plane of revolution; At this moment; Γ shape is non-wait the short arm of force of arm lever be fixed on the support rotative mechanism arrangement quadrant gear spool on; The worm screw of support rotative mechanism arrangement moves back and forth driving device with the Sliding Control frame and links to each other, the Sliding Control frame move back and forth driving device have comprise before, during and after the steady arm of three positions, these three positions respectively corresponding " aircraft ", " helicopter " and " aerodone " state of flights; The sweepforward angle α scope of aircraft sweepforward lifting wing is 145-175 °; The scope of angle β is 90-100 ° between the long and short arm of force of the non-grade of the Γ shape of support arm lever; At this moment, the length L of the length T of the long arm of force of the non-grade of Γ shape arm lever and fuselage is respectively than the diameter D of pusher propeller and the little 1.65-2.1 of length M times and 2.55-2.85 times of lifting wing; But not wait arm lever the short arm of force length T 1 and head to wing centre section apart from F respectively than the length T of the non-long arm of force that waits arm lever of Γ shape and the little 3.0-3.7 of length L times and 2.0-2.5 times of fuselage.

In addition, sliding rack moves back and forth the form that driving device can be made drive screw on multifunction aircraft, and this drive screw is connected through the worm screw of tween drive shaft with the support movement mechanisms.

Description of drawings:

Accompanying drawing is seen in the character of the multifunction aircraft of being recommended and structure explanation.

Fig. 1 is the External view of multifunction aircraft during as aircraft utilization.

Fig. 2 is the External view of multifunction aircraft when using as helicopter.

Fig. 3 is the External view of multifunction aircraft when using as aerodone.

Fig. 4 is the planar view of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 be sliding rack move back and forth mechanical device and with the constructional drawing of the short arm of force connecting bridge of arm lever such as non-.

Fig. 6 is that the A of Fig. 1 is to view.

The specific embodiment

Multifunction aircraft is made up of following part: fuselage 1 (be equipped with on it preceding 2, in 3, rear portion 4 radomes), the vertical fin 5 of band yaw rudder 6 and pitching rudder 7, alighting gear 8.1 central authorities are equipped with sweepforward lifting wing 9 at fuselage, and the scope of sweepforward angle α is 145-175 °.Leading edge slat 10, split wing flap 11, aileron 12, fan-shaped leading edge slat 13 and wing flap 14 are installed on the sweepforward lifting wing 9.Between fuselage 1 top, head and empennage, along the fuselage vertical axis longitudinal seam formula opening 15 is arranged, this longitudinal opening can be covered (this longitudinal opening on drawing sign) by the telescopic door curtain made of cloth 16 of band opening and closing wheel word.When under " aerodone " state, flying; The cabin of passenger loading and/or goods (on drawing sign) at the back, support is installed and with the drive motor 17 of pusher propeller 18, the blade of this push type propeller is collapsible on plane of revolution below the longitudinal opening 15.Be equipped with in fuselage 1 front portion along fuselage datum movably, the Sliding Control frame 19 of band steady arm 20, the anteposition of Sliding Control frame, interposition, position, back respectively corresponding " aircraft ", " helicopter ", " aerodone " state of flight.Sliding Control frame 19 moves back and forth the form that driving device can be made the drive screw of being clamped by the Sliding Control frame 21; This drive screw is connected with the support rotative mechanism arrangement through tween drive shaft 22, and this support is made up of with auxiliary lever 24 the non-arm lever 23 that waits of Γ shape.The support rotative mechanism arrangement is made up of worm screw 25 and quadrant gear interactional with it 26.Worm screw 25 is connected with tween drive shaft 22; And sector shaft 26 and the non-short arm of force leak-tight joint that waits arm lever 23 of Γ shape; At the long arm of force of the non-grade of Γ shape arm lever 23 and the free end of auxiliary lever 24 drive motor 17 is installed, the short arm of force of the non-grade of Γ shape arm lever 23 is 90-100 ° with respect to the scope of the move angle β of the long arm of force.Auxiliary lever 24 is hinged through the longitudinal moving mechanical device 27 of the oscillating axle 28 of the non-grade of band Γ shape arm lever 23.The length " T " of the long arm of force of non-arm lever 23 such as grade and the length " L " of fuselage 1 are respectively than the diameter " D " of pusher propeller 18 and the little 1.65-2.1 of length " M " times and 2.55-2.85 times of high aspect ratio sweepforward lifting wing 9; Non-length " the T that waits the short arm of force of arm lever 23 ₁" and the distance " F " of head to wing centre section respectively than the little 3.0-3.7 of length " L " of the length " T " of the long arm of force of arm lever 23 such as non-and fuselage doubly with 2.0-2.5 times.

The mode of operation of multifunction aircraft is following: under the initial condition; Pusher propeller 18 is in chain-drive section with drive motor 17; At this moment, the door curtain made of cloth 16 of longitudinal opening 15 is closed, that is to say that multifunction aircraft is positioned at flight under the aerodone state; At this moment, the state of drive motor 17 is pinned by the steady arm 20 of Sliding Control frame 19 and ignition lock (not identifying in the drawings).

For multifunction aircraft being transformed to flight under " aircraft " state; Ignition lock should be transformed into " aircraft " position; Remove the blocking of steady arm 20, simultaneously, make the contact of opening relay (terminal switch) closure of the door curtain made of cloth 16 because sliding rack 19 moves with the drive screw that moves back and forth driving device 21; At this moment, the door curtain made of cloth (not identifying in the drawings) is opened by electrical motor.Next; Sliding rack 19 moves with drive screw 21; Last motion of translation rear drive screw rod 21 rotations, rotating tee is crossed tween drive shaft 22 and is driven support rotative mechanism arrangement worm screw 25, at this moment; The support rotative mechanism arrangement rotates under the drive of quadrant gear 26, and with the non-short arm of force that waits arm lever 23 of the close-connected Γ shape of quadrant gear along anticlockwise motion 85-95 °.In above-mentioned rotation process; Γ shape is non-waits arm lever 23 and will be transformed into the mode of operation of " aircraft " with the drive motor 17 of pusher propeller 18 through longitudinal moving mechanical device 27 with the oscillating axle 28 pivotally attached auxiliary levers 24 of arm levers 23 such as Γ shape is non-; Subsequently, the door curtain made of cloth 16 closures of the longitudinal seam formula opening 15 on the fuselage 1.After drive motor 17 was pressed the designated state startup, multifunction aircraft took off and flight under " aircraft " state.

For make pusher propeller 18 from " aircraft " state exchange to " helicopter " state of flight, need to start the suspension system of drive motor 17.Ignition lock is transformed into the position of " helicopter " state of flight, removes the locking of steady arm 20.The electrical motor of auxiliary lever 24 longitudinal moving mechanical devices 27 (among the figure sign) work, last, auxiliary lever is stretched (with respect to oscillating axle 28), drive motor 17 along anticlockwise motion until closing of power circuit breaker.Electrical motor quits work, and the blade of pusher propeller 18 is in " helicopter " mode of operation.Afterwards; Sliding rack 19 moves with the drive screw 21 that moves back and forth driving device along fuselage 1 longitudinal axis; A closing of contact opening relay of the door curtain made of cloth 16 of fuselage 1 longitudinal seam formula opening 15; Terminal contact open, the non-then arm lever 23 that waits continues along anticlockwise motion until contact with the reinforcing prop of aft antenna cover 4 (among the figure sign), makes snap close (among the figure sign) unlatching of drive motor 17 simultaneously.Afterwards, the door curtain made of cloth 16 closures, multifunction aircraft flies under " helicopter " state.

Can be " aircraft " state from " helicopter " state exchange with drive motor, also can be exchanged into initial " aerodone " state, this just depends on the position of ignition lock.

Awing, the control to multifunction aircraft realizes through leading edge slat 10, split wing flap 11, aileron 12, fan-shaped leading edge slat 13, wing flap 14, yaw rudder 6 and pitching rudder 7.In driving compartment (identifying among the figure), 17 displacements of a drive motor and positional operand vertical pole (identifying among the figure) (comprising " aircraft ", " helicopter " and " aerodone " three states) are arranged on the conventional joystick side of strap drive electrical motor and steering pedal starter button.When drive motor when a kind of state exchange is second kind or the third state, the stability and the road-holding property of multifunction aircraft flight are interference-free.

Claims (2)

1. multifunction aircraft; It is characterized in that forming: fuselage by following part; A longitudinal seam formula opening that can be covered by the scalable door curtain made of cloth is arranged at its top; Under " aerodone " state of flight, the below of longitudinal opening by one by the non-support that waits arm lever and auxiliary lever to form of Γ shape, it is hinged that auxiliary lever passes through the oscillating axle of arm levers such as its longitudinal moving mechanical device and Γ shape be non-; Free end at lever is equipped with the drive motor with pusher propeller; The blade of pusher propeller is collapsible on plane of revolution; At this moment; Γ shape is non-wait the short arm of force of arm lever be fixed on the support rotative mechanism arrangement quadrant gear spool on; The worm screw of support rotative mechanism arrangement moves back and forth driving device with the Sliding Control frame and links to each other, the Sliding Control frame move back and forth driving device have comprise before, during and after the steady arm of three positions, these three positions respectively corresponding " aircraft ", " helicopter " and " aerodone " state of flights; The sweepforward angle α scope of aircraft sweepforward lifting wing is 145-175 °; The scope of angle β is 90-100 ° between the long and short arm of force of the non-grade of the Γ shape of support arm lever; At this moment, the length L of the length T of the long arm of force of the non-grade of Γ shape arm lever and fuselage is respectively than the diameter D of pusher propeller and the little 1.65-2.1 of length M times and 2.55-2.85 times of lifting wing; But not the length T of the short arm of force of arm lever such as grade ₁With head to wing centre section apart from F respectively than the length T of the non-long arm of force that waits arm lever of Γ shape and the little 3.0-3.7 of length L times and 2.0-2.5 times of fuselage.

2. multifunction aircraft according to claim 1 is characterized in that the sliding machine body frame moves back and forth the form that driving device can be made drive screw, and this drive screw is connected through the worm screw of tween drive shaft with the support rotative mechanism arrangement.

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