CN202251607U - Air spring capable of adjusting dynamic stiffness by self-adaptive pressure and step pressure buffering - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an air spring capable of adjusting dynamic stiffness by self-adaptive pressure and step pressure buffering. The air spring is formed by combining an air bag 1, an upper mounting plate 2, a secondary air chamber 3, a throttle valve core 4, a spring 5, a lower mounting plate 6, a plug 7 and two one-way valves 8. The air spring has the structural characteristics that: the secondary air chamber 3 is arranged and fixed on the inner plane of the lower mounting plate 6; the throttle valve core 4 is arranged in a middle inner hole of the secondary air chamber 3; the upper end of the throttle valve core 4 is propped against a middle inner hole top plate of the secondary air chamber 3; the lower end of the throttle valve core 4 is supported and positioned by the spring 5; the lower part of the spring 5 is positioned by the plug 7; a hole is formed in the middle of the plug 7 and is communicated with the atmosphere; and the two one-way valves 8 are arranged on the side walls of two branched air chambers of the secondary air chamber 3 respectively and are communicated with spring cavities of the two one-way valves 8 through holes in the inner walls. The dynamic stiffness is adjusted by adjusting the airflow resistance between the air bag 1 and the secondary air chamber 3; and during step impact, the dynamic stiffness is adjusted by the one-way valves 8 through the pressure difference between the air bag 1 and the secondary air chamber 3.

Description

A kind of self-adaptive pressure is transferred the pneumatic spring that rigidity adds the step pressure buffer

One, technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle air suspension and use pneumatic spring; This dynamic stiffness self adaption pressure reduction and volume combination are regulated the pneumatic spring that adds the step pressure buffer and especially are adapted to the carrying big bus; The city bus big bus; Also be adapted to shipping truck and rail traffic vehicles, and special vehicle and limousine.

Two, background technique:

In order to improve ride of vehicle, improve the travelling comfort of taking, alleviate the damage of vehicle to road and goods, developed country has adopted pneumatic spring widely in the suspension system of its carrier vehicle.China recent years is also being widelyd popularize and mandatory employing pneumatic spring.In the pneumatic spring technology of constantly development, in order further to improve the rigidity control characteristic of pneumatic spring, more be applicable to the variation of car load in order to it, people have carried out deep exploration.In the rigidity of pneumatic spring was regulated, people had ignored owing to optional standard series air bag rigidity and the static stiffness that concrete vehicle requires the difference of rigidity to need are regulated.And often because the difficulty that the static stiffness of air bag does not match and caused its dynamic rate to regulate.In the passive type airsuspension system then the static stiffness of air bag not match be to cause the serious major reason of side-sway in the vehicle operating.In the active air suspension system; At present the technology of comparative maturity is that air chamber with pneumatic spring is divided into major and minor air chamber; Pressure reduction when realizing gas flow between the major-minor air chamber through the aperture of controlling the throttle valve on the connecting passage between major and minor air chamber changes, and reaches the rigidity that changes pneumatic spring.The control signal of this rigidity regulating system is by the multiple sensor collection, and deliver and send control command after microprocessor is handled, by the aperture that actuator regulates throttle valve, the rigidity that the pressure reduction when regulating gas flow between the major-minor air chamber is regulated pneumatic spring.Its main deficiency at first is: the signal of system is comparatively numerous and diverse to carrying out from collecting treatment, and its cost is too high, can only be applied on the luxurious vehicle of only a few.Secondly, the response time lag is big.The control of rigidity segmented is generally adopted in control in the rigidity of the airsuspension system air spring of semi-active suspension, with the rigidity of pneumatic spring be divided into soft, hard two retainings or soft, in, hard three retainings.The air spring rigidity control of this rigidity regulating system is to select control through the driver's operation solenoid valve, and the restriction aperture is large, medium and small between corresponding respectively connection major-minor air chamber.The adjusting of this rigidity is not continuous.The rigidity of pneumatic spring is artificial the selection.

Three, summary of the invention:

The object of the invention will be developed a kind of low cost exactly, and the pneumatic spring that adds the step pressure buffer is regulated in pneumatic spring dynamic stiffness self adaption pressure reduction and volume combination simple and reliable, responding fast.

Solution of the present invention is: this pneumatic spring is combined by air bag 1, upper mounting plate 2, accessory air-space 3, throttling valve core 4, spring 5, lower installation board 6, screw plug 7 and two one-way valves 8.Accessory air-space 3 is fixed on the inner plane of lower installation board 6; Throttling valve core 4 is contained in the middle endoporus of accessory air-space 3, and its upper end heads on the middle endoporus top board of accessory air-space 3, and the location is supported by spring 5 in the lower end; The bottom of spring 5 has an aperture and atmosphere by screw plug 7 location in the middle of the screw plug 7; Two one-way valves 8 are installed in respectively on the sidewall of two sub-air chamber of accessory air-space 3, and are communicated with by the spring chamber of the aperture on the sidewall with one-way valve 8; The dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring is regulated: the air pressure in the air bag 1 directly acts on the upper-end surface of throttling valve core 4; Its lower end is by spring 5 axially support; When vehicle is in unloaded and setting height; Air-spring bellows 1 inner air pressure multiply by the thrust that sectional area produced of throttling valve core 4 and the spring force balance of spring 5, and the restriction of throttling valve core 4 is communicated with the throttle orifice of two independent air chambers of accessory air-space 3 and is in maximum open, and the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring is minimum; When the load and the dynamic load increase of vehicle, air bag 1 inner air pressure rises, and acts on the thrust that is produced on the upper-end surface of throttling valve core 4 and increases; The spring force that promotion throttling valve core 4 overcomes spring 5 moves down; Reach new balance, throttling valve core 4 moves down the restriction on the connecting passage that has turned down 3 of air bag 1 and accessory air-spaces, in the switching stroke section of this restriction; Through improving the gas flow pressure reduction of 3 of air bag 1 and accessory air-spaces, realized the rigidity of continuous adjusting pneumatic spring; Pressure in air bag 1 continues to improve, and promotes throttling valve core 4 and continues to move down, and will close accessory air-space 3 uppermost first sub-air chamber; Only having stayed second sub-air chamber links to each other with air bag 1; In the continuous rigidity adjustment of pneumatic spring, the volume that has reduced pneumatic spring on the physical significance has been realized the air spring rigidity combination adjusting that pressure reduction and volume are combined; The rigidity of pneumatic spring is increased, adapt to corresponding load.When the load of vehicle further increases, then automatically second sub-air chamber of accessory air-space 3 is repeated the adjustment process of above-mentioned first sub-air chamber.When vehicle turns round, because action of inertia leans on air bag 1 inner air pressure of the pneumatic spring in the bend outside to rise; Equally; Restriction on the connecting passage that meeting pass ballonet 1 and accessory air-space are 3 increases the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring, thereby has stoped the further inclination of vehicle body; When the vehicle jack rabbit start or when bringing to a halt; If the rigidity of pneumatic spring does not increase thereupon; Same because action of inertia can make vehicle body produce the layback and the phenomenon that leans forward, the present invention has when vehicle body generation layback equally and leans forward when taking place; Improve the function of the dynamic stiffness of back, preceding pneumatic spring, suppress the aggravation of this phenomenon effectively.When wheel is run into the road surface projection, impact for step of wheel, the air pressure that will inevitably cause in the air bag 1 produces step.The pressure reduction that each sub-air chamber's internal air pressure of this step pressure and accessory air-space 3 forms can be opened one-way valve 8; Each sub-air chamber of rapid communicated air bags 1 and accessory air-space 3; Increased the available gas volume in the air bag 1, reduced the rigidity of pneumatic spring, reduced of the impact of road surface projection vehicle body; Improve occupant's the travelling comfort and the smoothness of vehicle.

Control signal of the present invention is directly taken from the gas pressure in the air bag 1, and control signal and regulating command are integrated, and effect rapidly, does not reliably have the response time lag, and the dynamic stiffness regulating power of pneumatic spring greatly improves; After having guaranteed the low vibration frequency characteristic of pneumatic spring, through the load-deflection curve that sub-air chamber that not isometric sub-air chamber and number do not wait can improve pneumatic spring effectively is set.Because control signal and regulating command are integrated, need not to have again the acquisition processing system and the actuator of signal, need not ECU and control software, cost greatly descends; Owing to control command of the present invention is the pressure of gas in the air bag 1, the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring is regulated with the variation in pressure of gas in the air bag 1 automatically, regulates smooth and easy continuous.The adjusting load-deflection curve of pneumatic spring is more reasonable and controlled.

The present invention also can be designed to the one-level restriction pattern of throttle valve the two-step serial restriction pattern of one-level fixed restriction and one-level variable restrictor: promptly at the circular groove that the throttle orifice equal diameters on the inner hole wall in the middle of an axial length and the sub-air chamber 3 is set on the cylindrical of throttling valve core 4; This circular groove is communicated with by the endoporus of radial hole with throttling valve core 4; Through reducing the diameter of the radially throttle orifice on the throttling valve core 4, it is designed to the one-level fixed throttle port; And the restriction on the inner hole wall is exactly original settable orifice in the middle of circular groove on throttling valve core 4 cylindricals and the sub-air chamber 3; The orifice size of different just this restrictions is a little big a little.The pressure drop that this polyphone throttling pattern has been shared the one-level restriction by the two-step throttle mouth helps reducing the susceptibility of restriction to variation in pressure, improves the occupant and gets travelling comfort; Help reducing the processing and the installation precision of throttle valve, save cost.

Four, description of drawings:

Accompanying drawing 1 is a structure principle chart of the present invention.

Five, embodiment:

Embodiment of the present invention is: the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring is regulated: the air pressure in the air bag 1 directly acts on the upper-end surface of throttling valve core 4; Its lower end is by spring 5 axially support; When vehicle is in unloaded and setting height; Air pressure in the air-spring bellows 1 multiply by the thrust that sectional area produced of throttling valve core 4 and the spring force balance of spring 5; The restriction of throttling valve core 4 and accessory air-space 3 two independently air chamber be communicated with and be in maximum open, the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring is minimum; When the load and the dynamic load increase of vehicle, air bag 1 inner air pressure rises, and acts on the thrust that is produced on the upper-end surface of throttling valve core 4 and increases; The spring force that promotion throttling valve core 4 overcomes spring 5 moves down; Reach new balance, throttling valve core 4 moves down the restriction on the connecting passage that has turned down 3 of air bag 1 and accessory air-spaces, in the switching stroke section of this restriction; Through improving the gas flow pressure reduction of 3 of air bag 1 and accessory air-spaces, realized the dynamic stiffness of continuous adjusting pneumatic spring; Pressure in air bag 1 continues to improve, and promotes throttling valve core 4 and continues to move down, and will close accessory air-space 3 uppermost first sub-air chamber; Only having stayed second sub-air chamber links to each other with air bag 1; In the continuous rigidity adjustment of pneumatic spring, the volume that has reduced pneumatic spring on the physical significance has been realized the air spring rigidity combination adjusting that pressure reduction and volume are combined; The dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring is increased, adapt to corresponding dynamic load.When the load of vehicle further increases, then automatically second sub-air chamber of accessory air-space 3 is repeated the adjustment process of above-mentioned first sub-air chamber.When vehicle turns round, because action of inertia leans on air bag 1 inner air pressure of the pneumatic spring in the bend outside to rise; Equally; Restriction on the connecting passage that meeting pass ballonet 1 and accessory air-space are 3 increases the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring, thereby has stoped the further inclination of vehicle body; When the vehicle jack rabbit start or when bringing to a halt; If the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring does not increase thereupon; Same because action of inertia can make vehicle body produce the layback and the phenomenon that leans forward, the present invention has when vehicle body generation layback equally and leans forward when taking place; Improve the function of the dynamic stiffness of back, preceding pneumatic spring, suppress the aggravation of this phenomenon effectively.

When wheel is run into the road surface projection, impact for step of wheel, the air pressure that will inevitably cause in the air bag 1 produces step.The pressure reduction that each sub-air chamber's internal air pressure of this step pressure and accessory air-space 3 forms can be opened one-way valve 8; Each sub-air chamber of rapid communicated air bags 1 and accessory air-space 3; Increased the available gas volume in the air bag 1; Reduce the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring, reduce of the impact of road surface projection, improve occupant's the travelling comfort and the smoothness of vehicle vehicle body.

Claims (1)

1. a self-adaptive pressure is transferred the pneumatic spring that rigidity adds the step pressure buffer, by air bag (1), and upper mounting plate (2), accessory air-space (3), throttling valve core (4), spring (5), lower installation board (6), screw plug (7) and two one-way valves (8) combine; It is characterized in that: accessory air-space (3) is fixed on the inner plane of lower installation board (6); Throttling valve core (4) is contained in the middle endoporus of accessory air-space (3); Its upper end heads on the middle endoporus top board of accessory air-space (3); The location is supported by spring (5) in the lower end, and the bottom of spring (5) has an aperture and atmosphere by screw plug (7) location in the middle of the screw plug (7); Two one-way valves (8) are installed in respectively on the sidewall of two sub-air chamber of accessory air-space (3), and are communicated with by the spring chamber of the aperture on the sidewall with one-way valve (8).

Images