CN202170662U - Roof of a silo - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a roof of a silo, comprising a plurality of roof beams (1) and roof plate (2) arranged on the roof beams (1). The roof of the silo has features of relative strong bearing force, relative higher entirety and stability, easy maintenance, safety and firmness.

Description

The Cang Ding of silo

Technical field

The utility model relates to silo, particularly, relates to a kind of Cang Ding of silo.

Background technology

Silo is divided into two big types of agriculture silo and industrial silos for storing the warehouse of loose unpacked material.The agricultural silo is used for having grain in reserve, feed equigranular or granular material; The industry silo is used for storing loose unpacked materials such as coal, coke, cement, salt.The mechanization silo can shorten the loading and unloading flow process of material, reduces operation and maintenance cost, eliminates heavy packed operation, helps mechanization, automated job, has therefore become topmost storage form.

Silo is as storing the bulk cargo facility, develops into now also with regard to more than 100 years history, and the major diameter silo is shorter in the use history of China, receives the influence of each side factors such as economic factor, designing technique, building technology, and mostly domestic silo is the low capacity silo.In recent years, industries such as mine, grain, power plant, cement have been built silo a large amount of, that capacity does not wait successively.But receive the restriction of China's technical standard and the influence that industry is started late; No matter be in the silo designing technique; Still on building technology, all there is deficiency in various degree in silo, and these deficiencies had both influenced the construction investment of silo; The safety that has influenced silo is again used with normal, has also influenced being widely used of silo.

In the major diameter silo, owing to there is not central post, the span of storehouse back timber is very big; Storehouse back timber and Hold Ceiling can only adopt steel work; But steel structure girder and plate receive the corrosion of pernicious gas in the silo easily, and the fire line of not easy care, and steel work is relatively poor; The ability of bearing load also a little less than, have various potential safety hazards.Simultaneously, when not having central post, the top of silo does not receive the constraint of other structure, is in free state basically, and is all unfavorable to the globality and the stability of silo.

The utility model content

The purpose of the utility model provides a kind of Cang Ding of silo, and this top, storehouse bearing capacity is stronger, and globality is higher with stability, safeguards easily, and safety firmly.

To achieve these goals, the utility model provides a kind of Cang Ding of silo, and wherein, said Cang Ding comprises many storehouse back timbers and is arranged on the Hold Ceiling on the said many storehouse back timbers.

Preferably, said many storehouse back timbers and Hold Ceiling are concrete structure.

Preferably, said many storehouse back timbers are radial arrangement.

Preferably, the orthogonal thereto shape of said many storehouse back timbers is arranged.

Preferably, this Cang Ding also comprises ring beam, and this ring beam is that the center of circle arranges that said ring beam is connected with the storehouse back timber with the center of said Cang Ding.

Preferably, said ring beam is many.

Preferably, said Hold Ceiling is provided with discharge port.

Preferably, said discharge port is a plurality of.

Preferably, a plurality of said discharge ports are arranged in a linear.

Preferably, said discharge port is arranged as two row of symmetry, and every row are arranged two or three said discharge ports.

Preferably, said discharge port is an annular.

Preferably, said discharge port is provided with lid.

Preferably, said lid is processed by profiled sheet.

Preferably, said Hold Ceiling is provided with explosion relief door.

Through technique scheme, this Cang Ding is applicable to the silo of various capacity, and particularly big capacity has the silo of central post.Big capacity silo adopts this Cang Ding, can the storehouse back timber be arranged on the central post, makes central post play a supporting role to the storehouse back timber, thereby reduces the span of storehouse back timber, increases the structural strength of Cang Ding, thereby improves stability and globality.And this storehouse roof construction is simple, and it is convenient to build, and can directly on the back timber of storehouse, Hold Ceiling be set and get final product.Because the storehouse back timber is many, so its bearing capacity is stronger.This top, storehouse can adopt the whole bag of tricks to realize, for example adopts the Hold Ceiling and the storehouse back timber of concrete structure, increases corrosion resistance and the fire line of Cang Ding, makes that the use of silo is safer.

Further feature of the utility model and advantage will partly specify in the specific embodiment subsequently.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is the further understanding that is used to provide the utility model, and constitutes the part of manual, is used to explain the utility model with the following specific embodiment, but does not constitute the restriction to the utility model.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the sketch map of Cang Ding of silo of the embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Cang Ding of silo of the embodiment of the utility model.

Description of reference numerals

1 storehouse back timber, 2 Hold Ceilings

3 ring beams, 4 discharge ports

The specific embodiment

Be elaborated below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of accompanying drawing to the utility model.Should be understood that the specific embodiment described herein only is used for explanation and explains the utility model, is not limited to the utility model.

In the utility model, not do under the situation of opposite explanation, the noun of locality of use typically refers to height overhead like " upper and lower "; Higher is " on ", lower is D score, " inside and outside " is meant the distance of decentre post; Nearer is " interior ", and far away is " outward "

Each embodiment of the silo of the utility model all is applicable to the silo of various sizes size, capacity requirement; And have preferred embodiment variously according to the concrete instructions for use of silo, combine the various specific embodiment that the technical scheme of the utility model is described at present.

The silo of the utility model has bulkhead and Cang Ding, and bulkhead can surround shape arbitrarily, and for example circle, square etc. are preferably round silo.In such silo, central post can be set, also central post can be set.In the bigger silo of general capacity, because physical dimension is bigger, the span of the storehouse back timber 1 of Cang Ding is bigger, therefore all can central post be set in silo, is used to support Cang Ding, makes the Stability Analysis of Structures of silo, firmly to receive force intensity higher.At this moment, as shown in Figure 2, the storehouse back timber 1 of Cang Ding is arranged between central post and the bulkhead, and Hold Ceiling 2 is arranged on the storehouse back timber 1, and is inner to hide silo, prevents that interior grain that stores of silo or coal etc. from being exposed to the sun and rain.

A kind of preferred embodiment in, as shown in Figure 2, storehouse back timber 1 is set to many; And be radial arrangement; Be to distribute with angle same between each storehouse back timber 1, perhaps back timber 1 orthogonal thereto shape in storehouse is arranged, and is promptly crisscross between each storehouse back timber 1; And be parallel to each other or vertically, form square latticed.Preferably be with the central post center equal angles be arranged between central post and the bulkhead, make central post stressed evenly, the structure of Cang Ding is more firm.

Wherein, the height of central post can equal the height of bulkhead, forms the Cang Ding on plane, helps the setting of devices such as top, storehouse top haul track and cloth, reduces the height of silo.In addition, the height of central post can form the Cang Ding on pinnacle greater than the height of bulkhead, is convenient to draining etc.

And in small-sized silo, because storehouse back timber 1 span of Cang Ding is less, the consideration from simplified structure, saving cost can not be provided with central post.The storehouse back timber 1 of Cang Ding is set directly at the bulkhead top like this, and has many, be radial arrangement, and Hold Ceiling 2 just is set directly on the storehouse back timber 1.But, in order to strengthen the structural strength of silo, increase the load bearing stength of Cang Ding, also can central post be set the center in bulkhead.

Can utilize various materials (like steel, concrete etc.) for Hold Ceiling 2 and storehouse back timber 1, also can adopt the whole bag of tricks to process.Preferably, storehouse back timber 1 is concrete structure with Hold Ceiling 2, the method that can adopt concrete prefabricated mode or concrete cast-in-situ all can, both all can form the Hold Ceiling 2 and storehouse back timber 1 that meets user demand.

In order to increase the force intensity that receives of Cang Ding, as shown in Figure 2, can arrange ring beam 3 at Cang Ding; Ring beam 3 can have any shape, and is preferably circle, thereby ring beam 3 is that the center of circle is arranged with the center of Cang Ding; And intersect with storehouse back timber 1, form firm storehouse roof construction, bearing capacity is stronger.And ring beam 3 also both can be prefabricated, also can be cast-in-place, and job practices is flexible.More preferably, ring beam 3 is many, and structure is further firm.

Material transporting gets into the silo storage inside for ease, and is as shown in Figure 1, and discharge port 4 is set on Hold Ceiling 2.Discharge port 4 can be shape arbitrarily, like square and circle etc., in order to improve discharge rate, a plurality of discharge ports 4 is set on Hold Ceiling 2.Above silo, be furnished with the haul track, operation has the haul dolly on the track.A plurality of discharge ports 4 can be arranged arbitrarily, but for simplified structure, a plurality of discharge ports 4 are arranged in a linear, and the haul track can be set to straight line and cooperates with silo structure like this.In addition, as shown in Figure 2, discharge port 4 can be annular, thereby cooperates with the rotation material distributing machine of silo top, makes things convenient for cloth.Preferably, according to the size of silo and the operation characteristic of material transport equipment, discharge port 4 is arranged as two row of symmetry, is convenient to the symmetric arrangement of delivery device, the stressed symmetry in both sides when filling material.Simultaneously, every row are arranged two or three discharge ports 4, have satisfied the requirement of discharge rate.

On discharge port 4, lid is set, prevents to leak and play the effect of ventilation when advancing dust etc.Preferably, lid can be processed by profiled sheet, and is too many at the silo internal gas, when causing pressure to raise, covers compressive deformation, thereby reaches the effect of ventilation, practiced thrift cost.Like this, discharge port 4 not only can charging but also can have been played the effect of venting of dust explosion.In another embodiment, can on Hold Ceiling 2, explosion relief door be set, when the silo internal pressure is too high, carry out venting of dust explosion, guarantee the safe in utilization of silo.

Wherein, central post can have cross sectional shape arbitrarily, as square or circular.Central post also can be constructed to solid or hollow according to the use needs, and in the silo of the utility model, central post is a hollow tubular, under the situation that guarantees enough structural strengths, and can economical with materials.

In addition; Can be on the outer wall of central post the installation and measuring device; For example device, gas-detecting device or the material-level detecting device etc. of temperature measuring equipment, hygrometric degree, thus be convenient to detect silo temperature inside, humidity, gas or material level etc., particularly in large-scale silo, detect the environmental aspect of silo center; Thereby reach better monitoring, so that it is controlled to the silo inner case.Especially; Because the design feature and the control mode of each checkout gear self; Preferably, temperature pick up and/or humidity sensor are set on the outer wall of central post, with near the temperature and humidity inspection center's post; Thereby, satisfy the use needs of silo to the monitoring and the control of the inner better off of whole silo.

Temperature pick up and/or humidity sensor can be provided with one group, and many groups also can be set.Preferably; Temperature pick up and/or humidity sensor are many groups; And axially spaced-apart setting along central post; Temperature and humidity with to each position from top to bottom, silo inside reaches detection, and undetected position appears in the difference of each position temperature and humidity on the short transverse to avoid in the large-scale silo.More preferably, organize temperature pick up and/or humidity sensor more and be provided with at interval with the distance that equates, like this avoid occurring as far as possible surveyed area overlapping in, reduce the use of temperature pick up and/or humidity sensor.And according to the size of silo and the detection range size of temperature pick up and/or humidity sensor; Can confirm distance at interval between group number and every group of temperature pick up and/or humidity sensor; The 3-5 group for example is set; Every group of 5-10 rice setting at interval, this mode are applicable to and highly are the high silo of 20-60 rice.

Every group of temperature pick up and/or humidity sensor can be provided with one, also can be provided with a plurality of.Every group when being set to one, each is organized temperature pick up and/or humidity sensor and is uniformly distributed with circumferentially can being set to, and is promptly distributing with angle same between each sensor on the same horizontal plane; Every group is set to when a plurality of, and a plurality of temperature pick ups and/or humidity sensor are provided with along the circumferential interval of the outer wall of central post, with each circumferential position of complete detection silo.More preferably, a plurality of temperature pick ups and/or humidity sensor are provided with the distance that equates at interval, reduce temperature pick up and/or humidity sensor quantity when reaching complete detection, practice thrift cost.And according to the size of silo and the detection range size of temperature pick up and/or humidity sensor; Can confirm distance at interval between group number and every group of temperature pick up and/or humidity sensor; For example be provided with 3-5; Every group of 1-5 rice setting at interval, this mode is applicable to that the central post girth is the silo of 3-25 rice.

Wherein, the circuit of checkout gear can pass the outer wall setting of central post, and on outer wall, inspection hole can be set, and avoids the circuit of checkout gear to receive the extraneous disturbance and the corrosion of gas etc.In addition, first opening is set in the upper end of central post, door or cover plate can be installed on first opening, in case roof leaking and falling object from high altitude etc. with inlet as personnel's turnover.It is inner to get into central post through first opening, to the instrument of the various checkout gears of central post inside, circuit etc. safeguard, maintenance etc.Personnel's turnover for ease; Pass in and out central post inside nearby; Preferably can be provided with second opening in the lower end of the outer wall of central post, second opening can be set to door, and the maintenance personal can get into central post inside from first opening and keep in repair from the top down; And, perhaps be reversed etc. from the second opening acentric post.Simultaneously; Corresponding opening also is set on bulkhead, between the outer wall of central post and bulkhead, is provided with the passage with second open communication, this passage leads to the outside of silo; Thereby the maintenance personal can make things convenient for personnel's turnover through this passage from the outside central post inside that gets into of silo.Like this, central post has not only been realized reinforcement effect is played in the support of storehouse roof construction, has also made things convenient for the installation of checkout gear, is beneficial to the monitoring of silo internal environment, the more convenient and safety of the use of silo.

Wherein, can be at the set inside lifting gear of central post, elevator for example makes things convenient for personnel's up and down in central post.Also can be at the set inside cat ladder of central post, simple in structure like this, cost is lower.Cat ladder can be divided into multistage, and every section is crisscross arranged, and the personnel of preventing climb fatigue, also easy chosen material.Between adjacent two sections cat ladders half space can also be set, supply maintenance personal's rest, checkout equipment.

The storehouse bottom structure inner at silo is provided with out funnel, and the material that is stored in the silo can transport silo through going out funnel.The cross section that goes out funnel can be circle or polygon, and circular cross section helps accelerating the speed of discharging, and polygon is built convenient.Go out funnel and comprise supporter and be arranged in the funnel plate on the supporter, supporter can bear the pressure of funnel top material so that the structure of discharging funnel is firm.Funnel plate can be processed by concrete slab, can adopt cast-in-place or prefabricated mode.The upper peripheral edge of funnel plate separates near the bulkhead setting and with bulkhead; Going out between funnel and the bulkhead does not have annexation, and both force-bearing situations are simple, when forming out funnel, needn't consider the structure of bulkhead and stressed; Can independently construct, job practices is simple.In addition,, need not carry out autofrettage during the funnel plate construction, thereby also practice thrift the engineering time, improve operating efficiency it because funnel plate is not connected with bulkhead.

Supporter can adopt the mode that pile body is set, and preferably, supporter comprises supporting walls and is filled in the filler between supporting walls, funnel plate and the bulkhead.Supporter is two relative walls that run through at the bottom of the storehouse, and space between the two is the passage of haul belt.The supporter construction of this structure is relatively simple, and cost is lower, and simultaneously stressed more firm, holding capacity is bigger.

Preferably, filler adopts the low compressibility material, and the compression ratio after it is stressed is lower; Be generally less than 5%, more preferably, filler is the sandstone material; Make the discharging funnel form after under the state of pressurized, can funnel plate sinks owing to the filler compression, cause the fracture of funnel plate pressurized.

Go out funnel and can be any amount; Be provided with under a plurality of situation that go out funnel; When being provided with central post in the silo; A plurality ofly go out funnel and be arranged between bulkhead and the central post around central post, and each upper peripheral edge of funnel plate that goes out the outside of funnel separates near bulkhead and with bulkhead, the upper peripheral edge of inboard funnel plate separates near central post and with central post.And the adjacent upper peripheral edge that goes out funnel interconnects, and to form interconnective monoblock supporting surface to support the material of top, makes material to flow out silo inside from the bell mouth that goes out funnel.

Because the passage of haul belt is two parallel channels that run through at the bottom of the storehouse of silo, preferably, a plurality ofly goes out funnel and be arranged in a linear; More preferably; The discharging choana cloth is changed to two row of symmetry, and every row are furnished with two or three and go out funnel, have both satisfied the requirement of discharging speed; Make that again structure can be too not complicated, convenient construction and use.

The job practices of the silo of the utility model is described below:

The construction of carrying out the basis earlier is to form the basis of silo.When the construction basis, form a plurality of pile foundations earlier, form cushion cap to form whole firm foundation at the top of a plurality of pile foundations then.Preferably, pile foundation adopts back mud jacking construction technology to form, and this job practices is applicable to the construction of silo, and is simple.And the construction of cushion cap is in two steps, the strip foundation of ring and outer shroud in forming earlier, and the strip foundation of outer shroud is mainly used in the support bulkhead, makes its structure firm; The strip foundation of interior ring is mainly used in the centre of support post, makes central post stressed firm.Form a mat foundation then, mat foundation links to each other the strip foundation of interior ring and outer shroud and forms the basis, and whole like this basis links together, and forming stress surface is cushion cap.Like this can so that silo stressed evenly, holding capacity is bigger.

Foundation construction forms bulkhead after accomplishing again on the basis, the construction of bulkhead can be adopted form construction technology, forms the bulkhead of design height.Form construction technology is specially adapted to the thin and high characteristics of bulkhead of silo, and it is convenient to implement, and practicality is high.

Accomplish after the construction of bulkhead, form Cang Ding at the top of bulkhead.The construction of Cang Ding was divided into for two steps, i.e. storehouse back timber 1 construction sequence: adopt concrete prefabricated or concrete cast-in-situ storehouse back timber 1, storehouse back timber 1 is arranged between bulkhead and the central post, to reduce the span of storehouse back timber 1; Hold Ceiling 2 construction sequences: adopt concrete prefabricated or concrete cast-in-situ Hold Ceiling 2, Hold Ceiling 2 is covered on the storehouse back timber 1, to hide the silo inner space.Be provided with at silo under the situation of ring beam 3; Storehouse top application work step also comprises ring beam 3 construction sequences suddenly; Itself and storehouse back timber 1 construction sequence are carried out simultaneously, adopt concrete prefabricated or concrete cast-in-situ ring beam 3, and ring beam 3 is arranged on the annular that forms sealing between the storehouse back timber 1; Storehouse back timber 1 and ring beam 3 are linked together, make the top, storehouse stressed evenly.If adopt the method for concrete cast-in-situ Hold Ceiling 2 and storehouse back timber 1, whole Cang Ding forms together, and promptly Hold Ceiling 2 is constructed with storehouse back timber 1 simultaneously, and job practices is simple.If the method for concrete prefabricated Hold Ceiling 2 of employing and storehouse back timber 1, owing to the prefabricated of each structure of Cang Ding can be carried out in the top, storehouse in basis or bulkhead construction, the wait bulkhead is accomplished directly to install afterwards and is got final product, so can the reduction of erection time.

The job practices of silo also comprises the funnel construction sequence: the inside at silo forms out funnel; This goes out funnel and comprises supporter and funnel plate; Supporter is arranged on the basis, and funnel plate is arranged on the said supporter and the upper peripheral edge of said funnel plate separates with bulkhead.Go out funnel and can construct and form before the top, construction storehouse behind the bulkhead, also can be in the bulkhead work progress height of bulkhead greater than carrying out simultaneously with the bulkhead construction after going out funnel.The construction of supporting walls is carried out in the construction that goes out funnel earlier, on the basis, forms supporting walls, and between two relative supporting walls, to form passage, supporting walls runs through at the bottom of the storehouse of silo, is used for passing through of haul belt; Carry out the construction of funnel plate then, fill filler in the outside of supporting walls, above filler, form funnel plate, funnel plate has certain gradient, is convenient to material because gravity glides.In the funnel plate construction sequence, comprise again: the funnel plate part that forms predetermined altitude; And below this funnel plate part that forms, fill said filler; The filling of filler and the formation of funnel plate hocket up to the funnel that goes out that reaches design height, and job practices is simple like this, sound construction.This job practices is flexible and changeable, is applicable to the silo construction of all size.

In being provided with the silo of central post, this job practices also comprises the central post construction sequence, forms central post with the center at silo, is used to support Cang Ding, makes that the silo bearing capacity is better.Preferably, central post construction sequence and bulkhead construction sequence are carried out simultaneously, to practice thrift the duration.At this moment, form out funnel between central post and the bulkhead, i.e. the funnel of constructing out of space between bulkhead and central post.Preferably, in going out the funnel construction sequence, form a plurality of funnels that go out, to satisfy the needs of discharging speed.More preferably, a plurality ofly go out funnel and construct simultaneously,, improve efficiency of construction to shorten the construction period.

In the job practices of preferred implementation, each upper peripheral edge that goes out the outside of funnel separates near bulkhead and with bulkhead, and inboard upper peripheral edge separates near central post and with central post.Go out funnel and bulkhead, central post does not have annexation, both force-bearing situations are uncorrelated, when forming out funnel, needn't consider the structure of bulkhead and central post and stressed, can independently construct, job practices is simple.In addition,, need not carry out autofrettage during the funnel plate construction, thereby also practice thrift the engineering time, improve operating efficiency it because funnel plate is not connected with central post with bulkhead.

The final like this silo that has formed the embodiment of the utility model, this job practices is simple, and applicability is wide, and the force-bearing situation of each member is simple, the stability under loading of whole silo, bearing capacity is bigger.

More than combine accompanying drawing to describe the preferred implementation of the utility model in detail; But; The utility model is not limited to the detail in the above-mentioned embodiment; In the technical conceive scope of the utility model, can carry out multiple simple variant to the technical scheme of the utility model, these simple variant all belong to the protection domain of the utility model.

Need to prove in addition; Each concrete technical characterictic described in the above-mentioned specific embodiment under reconcilable situation, can make up through any suitable manner; For fear of unnecessary repetition, the utility model is to the explanation no longer separately of various possible compound modes.

In addition, also can carry out combination in any between the various embodiment of the utility model, as long as its thought without prejudice to the utility model, it should be regarded as content disclosed in the utility model equally.

Claims (14)

1. the Cang Ding of a silo is characterized in that, said Cang Ding comprises many storehouse back timbers (1) and is arranged on the Hold Ceiling (2) on the said many storehouse back timbers (1).

2. Cang Ding according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said many storehouse back timbers (1) and Hold Ceiling (2) are concrete structure.

3. Cang Ding according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said many storehouse back timbers (1) are radial arrangement.

4. Cang Ding according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the orthogonal thereto shape of said many storehouse back timbers (1) is arranged.

5. Cang Ding according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, this Cang Ding also comprises ring beam (3), and this ring beam (3) is that the center of circle arranges that said ring beam (3) is connected with storehouse back timber (1) with the center of said Cang Ding.

6. Cang Ding according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said ring beam (3) is many.

7. Cang Ding according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said Hold Ceiling (2) is provided with discharge port (4).

8. Cang Ding according to claim 7 is characterized in that, said discharge port (4) is a plurality of.

9. Cang Ding according to claim 8 is characterized in that, a plurality of said discharge ports (4) are arranged in a linear.

10. Cang Ding according to claim 9 is characterized in that, said discharge port (4) is arranged as two row of symmetry, and every row are arranged two or three said discharge ports (4).

11. Cang Ding according to claim 7 is characterized in that, said discharge port (4) is an annular.

12. Cang Ding according to claim 7 is characterized in that, said discharge port (4) is provided with lid.

13. Cang Ding according to claim 12 is characterized in that, said lid is processed by profiled sheet.

14. Cang Ding according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said Hold Ceiling (2) is provided with explosion relief door.

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