CN202166595U - Device for measuring normal position osmotic coefficient of soil layer - Google Patents
Device for measuring normal position osmotic coefficient of soil layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN202166595U CN202166595U CN2011202558014U CN201120255801U CN202166595U CN 202166595 U CN202166595 U CN 202166595U CN 2011202558014 U CN2011202558014 U CN 2011202558014U CN 201120255801 U CN201120255801 U CN 201120255801U CN 202166595 U CN202166595 U CN 202166595U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for measuring normal position osmotic coefficient of a soil layer, which comprises a multifunctional probe (1) arranged at the lower end of the device, a small-sized water pump (4) on the ground, a pressurized-water controller (5) and a data collector (6). The multifunctional probe (1) is respectively connected with the data collector (6) and the pressurized-water controller (5). The water pump (4) is connected with the pressurized-water controller (5) which is connected with the data collector (6). The small-sized water pump (4) supplies water to under-hole water pressurizing tests, the pressurized-water controller (5) controls water flow speed and water pressure, and the data collector (6) collects and stores data in real time for pore water pressure, water pressure of the pressurized-water tests and flow speed and dissipation tests. The device is high in adaptability, capable of meeting the requirements of large-scale tests of sections with different depth, convenient, quick and free of limit of soil categories, thereby enabling measuring results to be more reliable and correct.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to civil construction, traffic engineering, field of environment engineering, relates in particular to a kind of device of measuring the soil layer original position infiltration coefficient.
Background technology
In riverine and coastal developed regions such as Shanghai and Nanjing; In recent years; The construction of skyscraper, the construction of large-scale urban operating mechanism, and the exploitation of a large amount of underground spaces such as subway tunnel impel base pit engineering fast-developing, base pit engineering develops to the direction of " big, dark, tight, near ".Yet; The engineering accident that in foundation ditch deep excavation process, causes owing to Groundwater Control is improper occurs repeatedly, and is excessive etc. like quicksand, piping, stratum settlement, damage or damaging influence that surrounding building, subway tunnel, large-scale underground utilities etc. are caused; Not only can cause great economic loss; More will cause serious society and political fallout, and its loss is irremediable, so base pit engineering precipitation design and construction becomes the important step of construction safety; And how to confirm that accurately stratum osmotic coefficient is rationally to carry out the precipitation key for design, also be one of difficult problem in the engineering design always.
People have carried out big quantity research to the test method of soil layer infiltration coefficient, have developed multiple testing equipment.Generally; The soil layer infiltration coefficient is to be transported to the indoor permeability test (constant head or varying head) that carries out through on-site sampling to confirm; Yet because the disturbance in sampling, transportation and the process of the test; The test findings reliability is lower, and particularly cohesiveless soil is because sampling is difficult, and test findings differs bigger with actual especially.In view of the defective of shop experiment, the past has also been developed the method for in-situ tests such as hole pressure static sounding, other pressure, yet these test methods mainly are applicable to cohesive soil, and is inapplicable for cohesiveless soils such as sands.For improving the reliability that infiltration coefficient is confirmed; Also often carry out on-the-spot bailing test or packer permeability test for important engineering; Though reliability is higher, yet this type test defective is also clearly, the one, and test specification is high; The water-stop technology requirement is high when drawing water such as segmentation, and the not enough unit of experience is test failure often; The 2nd, waste time and energy, need a large amount of funds, be difficult to large tracts of land and carry out test; The 3rd, often test and undertaken by the soil layer segmentation, be difficult to consider the influence of thin layer.In view of the foregoing, press for a kind of new tool that can test quickly and efficiently the soil layer original position infiltration coefficient of research and development,, reduce the probability of happening of engineering accident to improve the level of base pit engineering design.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters:The purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of device of measuring the soil layer original position infiltration coefficient, and the soil layer infiltration coefficient is difficult to an accurately definite difficult problem in the time of effectively solving the design of base pit engineering precipitation.
Technical scheme:For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model proposes a kind of device of measuring the soil layer original position infiltration coefficient, and this device comprises the multi-functional probe that is positioned at the device lower end, the small pump that is positioned at ground and setting-out controller, data acquisition unit;
Wherein said multi-functional probe links to each other with the setting-out controller with data acquisition unit respectively; Water pump links to each other with the setting-out controller; Data acquisition unit links to each other with the setting-out controller;
Small pump is that packer permeability test supplies water under the hole, the flow velocity and the hydraulic pressure of setting-out controller control water, and data acquisition unit carries out real-time data acquisition and storage to pore water pressure, packer permeability test water pressure and flow velocity, dissipation test.
Preferably, said multi-functional probe links to each other with data acquisition unit with second data cable through first data cable; Multi-functional probe links to each other with the setting-out controller through water pipe.
Preferably; Described multi-functional probe comprises: the pore water pressure measurement module; The packer permeability test module that is arranged on pore water pressure measurement module top and is connected with the pore water pressure measurement module, the packer permeability test module is connected through the hollow drill of connector with injection equipment.
Preferably; The pore water pressure measurement module comprises: be positioned at probe awl point bottom; Be positioned at awl point top and press element, pass the hollow steel column that permeable hole presses element and permeable hole to press element to link to each other, the hole pressure testing sensor that is positioned at hollow steel column top and links to each other with the hollow steel column with the sharp permeable hole that links to each other of awl; Be positioned at the cable that the hole is pressed the testing sensor top and linked to each other with the hole pressure sensor; Cable passes hollow connector, and connector links to each other with the packer permeability test module of upper end, is positioned at the O-ring seal that permeable hole is pressed the firm sleeve of probe of element top and is installed in firm sleeve rear end.
Preferably, the packer permeability test module comprises: hollow plastic cylinder sleeve, and hollow plastic cylinder sleeve middle part one side is provided with dismountable water filling window; Said packer permeability test module also comprises the water injection pipe that links to each other with the water filling window; The hydraulic gage that is connected with water injection pipe; Take into account the data cable that face of land data acquisition unit links to each other with hydraulic pressure; The data cable that is positioned at hollow plastic cylinder sleeve and links to each other with the pore water pressure measurement module; Lay respectively at the connector of hollow plastic cylinder sleeve upper end and bottom.
Preferably, water injection pipe is that polyurethane fiber strengthens flexible pipe.
Beneficial effect:The utility model can be realized the test of original position infiltration coefficient to soil layer; The comprehensive function that not only has hole pressure, hydraulic pressure, flow velocity, reliability is high, and does not receive the restriction of great soil group type; Particularly can suitably improve and to carry out site test the conventional quiet spy machine that engineering investigation unit generally has; Adaptability is strong, can satisfy the requirement of extensive different depth section plane test, does not need to imbed in advance; Convenient to operation, be particularly suitable for the experimental study of large-scale engineering place soil layer permeance properties such as subway, highway, airport.。
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that soil layer original position osmotic coefficient investigating device is formed synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a pore water pressure measurement module structural representation;
Fig. 3 is a packer permeability test modular structure synoptic diagram under the hole;
Fig. 4 is the vacuum saturation system.
Wherein, the multi-functional probe of 1-; 2-pore water pressure measurement module; 3-packer permeability test module; The 4-water pump; 5-setting-out controller; The 6-data acquisition unit; The 7-connector; The 8-data cable; The 9-data cable; The 10-water pipe; 11-bores point; The 12-permeable hole is pressed element; 13-hollow steel column; Testing sensor is pressed in the 14-hole; The 15-cable; The firm sleeve of 16-; The 17-O-ring seal; The 18-connector; The hollow plastic cylinder sleeve of 19-; 20-water filling window; The 21-water injection pipe; The 22-hydraulic gage; The 23-data cable; The 24-data cable; The 25-connector; The multi-functional probe of 26-; The 27-vacuum chamber; The 28-extraction valve; The 29-tensimeter; The 30-tensimeter; The 31-vacuum pump; 32-feed liquor valve; The 33-fluid reservoir.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawings the utility model is described.
Below will combine accompanying drawing that conception, concrete structure and the method for testing of invention, the technique effect of generation are further specified, with purpose, characteristic and the effect of understanding the utility model fully.
The device of the mensuration soil layer original position infiltration coefficient that the utility model provides; Described test unit has comprised packer permeability test module 3 under pore water pressure measurement module 2, the hole; Can realize simultaneously that pressing (or hydraulic pressure) to dissipate to packer permeability test water pressure and flow velocity, hole under pore water pressure, the hole tests; The principle that described 2 modules are judged the soil layer infiltration coefficient is different, utilizes the hole to press test and the test of dissipating can well be differentiated the viscous soil horizon perviousness, utilizes that packer permeability test can carry out fine differentiation to inviscid soil layer perviousness under the hole; The combination of the two can realize the synthetic determination to all kinds stratum permeability.
Described multi-functional probe 1 can directly be used on the existing various static sounding machines of present engineering investigation unit, as long as according to new anchor clamps and the hollow drill pipe of multi-functional probe 1 dimensions processing; Substitute existing probe with the multi-functional probe of invent 1 and be connected on and get final product on the hollow drill pipe, employing hydraulic pressure at the uniform velocity is pressed into multi-functional probe 1 among the soil layer, in the process of press in; Open ground small pump 4 and setting-out controller 5; The setting-out that remains a constant speed, the pressure of synchronous recording pore water pressure, setting-out, change in flow situation are in the probe penetration process; Injection be can stop as required, pore pressure dissipation test and hydraulic pressure dissipation test carried out.
Described pore water pressure measurement module 2, its major technique characteristics are in viscous soil horizon, during injection, will produce excess pore water pressure when multi-functional probe 1, in conjunction with the pore pressure dissipation test, can judge cohesive soil position and permeance property thereof; During injection, institute's gaging hole crimping is bordering on hydrostatic force to multi-functional probe 1 in cohesiveless soils such as sand, though can not carry out pore pressure dissipation test and then calculation permeability coefficient, still can judge the depth profiled of inviscid soil layer; Especially; When receiving sedimentary environment, the stratum influences; When in normal stratum, containing more thin layer, as containing high water-permeability cohesiveless soil layer interlayer in the low-permeability viscous soil horizon, or when containing low permeability cohesive soil interlayer in the high water-permeability property soil layer; Variation according to press in the hole can be carried out position, the bed thickness of thin layer confirming accurately, and then for calculating more reliable three-dimensional formation model is provided.
Packer permeability test module 3 under the described hole; Be independent of pore water pressure measurement module 2 back; And the data line passage is provided for pore water pressure measurement module 2; Its major technique characteristics are through water injection pipe 21, ground small pump 4 and setting-out controller 5 water to be injected among the stratum, according to water injection pressure and change in flow situation, the permeance property of soil layer are judged; In viscous soil horizon, have the characteristics of high hydraulic pressure, low flow velocity, and in inviscid soil layer, have the characteristics of low hydraulic pressure, high flow rate.In view of the difficulty relatively of water filling in the viscous soil horizon, the hydraulic pressure situation slowly that dissipates is particularly suitable for the test of cohesiveless soil permeance property, has solved the difficult problem of inviscid soil layer original position permeance property test.
Described ground packer permeability test servicing unit; Small pump 4 and setting-out controller 5 have been comprised; Its major technique characteristics are through setting-out controller 5 water pump 4 to be connected with water injection pipe 21, can be through setting-out controller 5 with flow speed control certain limit (general 200-300ml/min), and monitor flow velocity in real time; When hydraulic pressure dissipates on-test, the control but valve-off is cut off the water supply.
Like Fig. 1-shown in Figure 4, the utility model comprises: a kind of multi-functional probe 1, integrated packer permeability test module 3 under pore water atmospheric pressure test module 2, the hole; Additional ground small pump 4 and setting-out controller 5, data acquisition unit 6.Each device in the whole test system has carried out modular design, is convenient to make up use according to the test needs.
Multi-functional probe 1 mesoporosity water pressure module 2 shown in Figure 2 comprises awl point 11, and permeable hole is pressed element 12, hollow steel column 13, and testing sensor 14, cable 15, steel bushing 16, Ο RunddichtringO 17 are pressed in the hole.When among the probe injection soil layer, different permeability can soil layer among, different pore water pressure reflections will be arranged, combine the pore pressure dissipation test, realization is to the infiltrative differentiation of soil layer.
Packer permeability test module 3 comprises water filling window 20, water injection pipe 21, hydraulic gage 22 and data cable 23 in the multi-functional probe 1 shown in Figure 3.In the probe penetration process, variation in water pressure and change in flow, and combine hydraulic pressure dissipation test, the soil layer perviousness is judged.
Concrete soil layer original position permeance property test embodiment is following:
1, to the investigation work of engineering construction place before making an experiment, waits prospecting data, place historical usage situation etc., just declare place different depth soil layer permeance property, formulate testing program, particularly will confirm the degree of depth that dissipates and test according to boring in early stage.
2, equipment debugging work before the test specifically comprises: the saturated and pressure reflection test of pore water pressure measurement module 2, and can adopt vacuum saturation system (Fig. 4) commonly used in the engineering to carry out this work; The test of packer permeability test module 3 can be adopted the saturation system (need not vacuumize) of Fig. 4 equally, and according to the reflection of hydraulic pressure sensor to actual hydraulic pressure, whether the judgment task state is normal; Test figure need be preserved to carry out the correction of follow-up test data.
3, multi-functional probe 1 is connected on the quiet spy machine hollow drill, various test cables and water pipe are drawn through drilling rod, adopt hydraulic pressure to pop one's head in and press at the uniform velocity injection of 2cm/s; During injection; Flow control is at 200-300ml/min, and every injection 1m carries out extension bar; In penetration process, write down flow speed data simultaneously along soil depth continuous in section record pore water pressure and hydraulic pressure data, ground.
4, test the degree of depth according to the dissipation of plan in (1); Actual measurement hole pressure and hydraulic pressure, change in flow situation in the penetration process; The degree of depth that definite reality need dissipate and test; Stop injection and carry out pore pressure dissipation test or water injection pressure dissipation test, need close the Water filling valve of the face of land setting-out controller when water injection pressure dissipates test, stop into water.
5, during off-test, will pop one's head in and progressively extract ground, in this process, keep the water filling state always.Want the performance test of testing equipment after probe takes out equally, carry out the test of pore water pressure measurement module 2 and packer permeability test module 3 by (2) same method, and the record test figure.
6, the arrangement of test figure and analysis.At first draw hole pressure-depth curve, water injection pressure-depth curve, flow velocity-depth curve, hydrostatic force curve.Along the depth profiled situation of change, comprehensively judge the permeance property of each soil layer according to each curve, the basic theories of institute's basis is following:
(1) generally speaking, in normal sand layer, pore water pressure equals hydrostatic force, and water injection pressure is less, and flow velocity is bigger; To produce excess pore water pressure in the viscous soil horizon, clay content is big more in soil layer, and excess pore water pressure is big more, and corresponding water injection pressure is bigger, and flow velocity is less.When stopping injection and carry out pore pressure dissipation, the level of ultra pore pressure dissipation to 50% often needs more than the dozens of minutes in the viscous soil horizon, even needs several hrs; Because of not existing ultra hole to press, can't carry out the pore pressure dissipation test in the sand layer.In obtaining cohesive soil, after the pore pressure dissipation test figure, calculate the infiltration coefficient of viscous soil horizon as follows:
In the formula,
k h -horizontal permeation coefficient;
C h -horizontal consolidation coefficient;
γ w -severe; D
/-lateral confinement modulus.
In the formula, r is that probe radius (getting 17.85 mm) is pressed in the hole; T
50 *It for the dissipation level 50% time factor; t
50Resolution time for dissipation level 50%; I
rBe rigidity index (=G/S
u), G is the modulus of shearing of soil, S
uBe undrained shear strength.
(2) water injection pressure dissipates to test and generally in inviscid soil layer, carries out, and when making an experiment, at first closes ground setting-out controller inlet valve, after hydraulic pressure dissipates and is stabilized to this degree of depth hydrostatic force numerical value, stops test, opens inlet valve then.Calculate inviscid soil layer infiltration coefficient as follows:
According to Darcy's law, soil layer osmotic coefficient k, flow Q, hydraulic pressure P
InjBe certain proportion between the three, promptly
k=
f(Q/P
inj) (3)
In the formula, water injection pressure P
InjBe calculated as follows:
P
inj=P
total-(P
hydro+P
atm) （4）
Wherein, P
TotalHydraulic pressure sensor test pressure during the injection of-probe; P
Hydro-certain depth hydrostatic force; P
AtmThe atmospheric pressure influence value that the test of packer permeability test module performance is confirmed before and after-the test.
Test shows that (3) formula generally has following function pattern:
For specific regional soil layer, can confirm the reference value of each soil layer infiltration coefficient according to an amount of drawing water (or setting-out) test, confirm undetermined coefficient a and b in the formula (5), and should be in this area similar engineering from now on.The above is merely the preferred embodiments of the utility model; The protection domain of the utility model does not exceed with above-mentioned embodiment; As long as the equivalence that those of ordinary skills do according to the utility model institute disclosure is modified or changed, all should include in the protection domain of putting down in writing in claims.
Claims (6)
1. device of measuring the soil layer original position infiltration coefficient, it is characterized in that: this device comprises multi-functional probe (1), water pump (4) and setting-out controller (5), data acquisition unit (6);
Wherein said multi-functional probe (1) links to each other with setting-out controller (5) with data acquisition unit (6) respectively; Water pump (4) links to each other with setting-out controller (5); Data acquisition unit (6) links to each other with setting-out controller (5);
Water pump (4) is that packer permeability test supplies water under the hole, the flow velocity and the hydraulic pressure of setting-out controller (5) control water, and data acquisition unit (6) carries out real-time data acquisition and storage to pore water pressure, packer permeability test water pressure and flow velocity, dissipation test.
2. the device of mensuration soil layer original position infiltration coefficient according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said multi-functional probe (1) links to each other with data acquisition unit (6) with second data cable (9) through first data cable (8); Multi-functional probe (1) links to each other with setting-out controller (5) through water pipe (10).
3. the device of mensuration soil layer original position infiltration coefficient according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described multi-functional probe (1) comprising: pore water pressure measurement module (2); The packer permeability test module (3) that is arranged on pore water pressure measurement module (2) top and is connected with pore water pressure measurement module (2), packer permeability test module (3) is connected with the hollow drill of injection equipment through connector (7).
4. the device of mensuration soil layer original position infiltration coefficient according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Pore water pressure measurement module (2) comprising: be positioned at probe awl point (11) bottom; Be positioned at awl point (11) top and press element (12) with the permeable hole that awl sharp (11) links to each other; Pass the hollow steel column (13) that permeable hole presses element (12) and permeable hole to press element (12) to link to each other; Testing sensor (14) is pressed in the hole that is positioned at hollow steel column (13) top and links to each other with the hollow steel column, is positioned at the cable (15) that the hole is pressed testing sensor (14) top and linked to each other with hole pressure sensor (14), and cable (15) passes hollow connector (18); Connector (18) links to each other with the packer permeability test module (3) of upper end, is positioned at the O-ring seal (17) that permeable hole is pressed the firm sleeve of probe (16) of element (12) top and is installed in firm sleeve (16) rear end.
5. the device of mensuration soil layer original position infiltration coefficient according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Packer permeability test module (3) comprising: hollow plastic cylinder sleeve (19), and hollow plastic cylinder sleeve (19) middle part one side is provided with dismountable water filling window (20); Said packer permeability test module (3) also comprises the water injection pipe (21) that links to each other with water filling window (20); The hydraulic gage (22) that is connected with water injection pipe (21); The data cable (23) that links to each other with hydraulic gage (22) and face of land data acquisition unit (6); The data cable (24) that is positioned at hollow plastic cylinder sleeve and links to each other with pore water pressure measurement module (2); Lay respectively at the connector (25) of hollow plastic cylinder sleeve (19) upper end and bottom.
6. the device of mensuration soil layer original position infiltration coefficient according to claim 1 is characterized in that, water injection pipe (21) strengthens flexible pipe for polyurethane fiber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202558014U CN202166595U (en) | 2011-07-20 | 2011-07-20 | Device for measuring normal position osmotic coefficient of soil layer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202558014U CN202166595U (en) | 2011-07-20 | 2011-07-20 | Device for measuring normal position osmotic coefficient of soil layer |
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| CN2011202558014U Expired - Fee Related CN202166595U (en) | 2011-07-20 | 2011-07-20 | Device for measuring normal position osmotic coefficient of soil layer |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102252952A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2011-11-23 | 东南大学 | Device for determining soil layer in-situ permeability coefficient |
| CN103940724A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-23 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Site drainage performance test method for retaining engineering reversed filter |
| CN104730225A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-06-24 | 河海大学 | Foundation saturation on-site testing device and method |
| CN107153038A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-12 | 铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Stratum osmotic coefficient quickly determines probe and its application method |
| CN111551381A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-18 | 厦门理工学院 | Method and system for analyzing water leakage of tunnel |
-
2011
- 2011-07-20 CN CN2011202558014U patent/CN202166595U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102252952A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2011-11-23 | 东南大学 | Device for determining soil layer in-situ permeability coefficient |
| CN103940724A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-23 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Site drainage performance test method for retaining engineering reversed filter |
| CN104730225A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-06-24 | 河海大学 | Foundation saturation on-site testing device and method |
| CN104730225B (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-05-04 | 河海大学 | A kind of ground saturation degree on-site testing device and method |
| CN107153038A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-12 | 铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Stratum osmotic coefficient quickly determines probe and its application method |
| CN111551381A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-18 | 厦门理工学院 | Method and system for analyzing water leakage of tunnel |
| CN111551381B (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2022-09-27 | 厦门理工学院 | Method and system for analyzing water leakage of tunnel |
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Granted publication date: 20120314 Termination date: 20140720 |
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