CN202166560U - Three-shaft testing device for natural gas hydrate containing sediment - Google Patents
Three-shaft testing device for natural gas hydrate containing sediment Download PDFInfo
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- CN202166560U CN202166560U CN2011202294139U CN201120229413U CN202166560U CN 202166560 U CN202166560 U CN 202166560U CN 2011202294139 U CN2011202294139 U CN 2011202294139U CN 201120229413 U CN201120229413 U CN 201120229413U CN 202166560 U CN202166560 U CN 202166560U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a three-shaft testing device for a natural gas hydrate containing sediment, relates to the testing technique for the natural gas hydrate containing sediment. The three-shaft testing device is structured as follows: a sample in a high ambient pressure chamber is formed to be a sealed cycling system through a base, a constant flow pump and a gas-water mixing container; an indoor heat exchanging coiled pipe of the high ambient pressure chamber is connected with a constant temperature groove through a latex soft pipe to control the temperature; a testing machine is arranged to provide upward power to the high ambient pressure chamber through a primary shaft; a force measuring ring on a bearing frame is connected with a pressure cap on the sample through a propping rod; an ambient pressure servo system is arranged to provide high pressure to the high ambient pressure chamber; a cylinder, a pressurizing pump, a gas buffering tank and a gas flow rate controller are arranged to provide gas source to the system; and an information processor and a microcomputer are connected with each sensor to collect relevant data through signal wires. The three-shaft testing device disclosed by the utility model performs precise simulation test to the process of the formation of the gas hydrate at the seabed, and provides technical assurance and support to deeply research the physical and mechanical properties of the natural gas hydrate soil at the seabed.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to and contains gas hydrate sediment measuring technology, relates in particular to a kind of experimentize chamber sample preparation and carry out test unit and the test method thereof that three-axis force is learned the intensity index test of gas hydrate sediment formation condition that contain under can the simulating nature situation.
Specifically; Relate to and contain gas hydrate sedimental laboratory sample preparation and carry out the test of three shear resistances; Circulation in the sample of the temperature and pressure condition that satisfies hydrate formation forms the equally distributed gas hydrate sediment sample that contains of hydrate according to dissolved air water; Through cycling time difference control the hydrate saturation degree, contain the sedimental shearing strength of gas hydrate under the test different water compound saturation degree, research contains the sedimental mechanical characteristic of hydrate.
Background technology
Gas hydrate are methane CH
4, under certain pressure and temperature conditions, be inhaled in the space of cage type water clusters structure Deng the natural-gas molecule, thereby form a kind of solid, shaped material.As a kind of strategic substitute energy, gas hydrate have huge business development and are worth, and estimate in the energy consumption structure in this century, will occupy main status.Along with the worsening shortages of oil and natural gas resource, this novel substitute energy of development of natural gas hydrate just seems particularly urgent.Simultaneously, the irrational exploitation of gas hydrate can cause the seabed geology landslide and methane gas discharge into atmosphere in a large number, understand the safety of grave danger marine structure like this and cause global warming.Therefore, be the inevitable requirement that will large-scale develop and utilize gas hydrate future to the research of sea bed gas hydrate, it has extremely important strategic importance.
Still be in starting and exploratory stage to the correlative study that contains gas hydrate sediment Mechanical Characters of Composite Ground at present.Present existing mechanical index method of testing mainly contains two kinds: the one, mix with soil particle making the pulverulent solids hydrate in advance, and the environment of putting into low temperature to the potpourri of processing then is to carry out three shearing experiments; The 2nd, directly in the soil sample hole, generate gas hydrate.The soil sample that at first will have certain water cut or ice content is put into experimental provision, utilizes vacuum pump to vacuumize the back and injects natural-gas and apply certain pressure, reduces temperature formation then and contains gas hydrate sediment sample.The above first method differs greatly from nature hydrated in-situ thing generate pattern; Second method will cause suitable length of hydrate rise time because the coefficient of diffusion of the fine and close hydrate layer that gas generates at gas-water interface is very low, and it is quite inhomogeneous that hydrate is distributed, and makes the test findings reliability reduce greatly.Therefore above prior preparation method or can't truly reflect the actual conditions of sea bed gas hydrate formation, otherwise the reaction time is longer, can't satisfy the requirement of test.
Through retrieval, still the ripe accurately simulation test of none cover contains gas hydrate sediment triaxial test method and apparatus and is disclosed and uses.
Summary of the invention
The utility model will provide a kind of gas hydrate sediment triaxial test device that contains, and be intended to solve seabed gaseous diffusion migration formation and contain the sedimental sample preparation problem of gas hydrate and three shear resistance test problems.
The purpose of the utility model is achieved in that
The utility model is to circulate in the soil sample that is in low temperature and certain confined pressure through the water that will be dissolved with gas; Making that gas soluble in water combines to form gas hydrate with water under certain gaseous tension and temperature conditions is filled in the soil sample hole; Make have only aqueous water and solid-state hydrate to exist in the gas hydrate soil sample hole containing of generating; And do not have free gas to exist; Realized that in the laboratory original position in the simulation marine environment quick and precisely contains the sample preparation of gas hydrate soil, made like this that hydrate is evenly distributed in the sample, approached occurring in nature and contain gas hydrate sediment sample.Confirm that according to different geology operating modes three confined pressures carry out triaxial shear test then, thereby obtain mechanical index such as triaxial strength, modulus and pore pressure coefficient.Its principle meets on-the-spot hydrated in-situ thing and forms pattern and exploitation working condition, and structure is simple relatively, and is cheap, can be most of scientific researches and prospective design unit's equipment.
The utility model provides the apparatus and method of test; In the laboratory, the sea bed gas hydrate forming process is carried out simulation test accurately; For the further investigation seabed contains the gas hydrate local product reason mechanical property technical guarantee and support are provided, with the deep development that effectively promotes the research.
This device utilize the gassiness saturation water in sample, to circulate sample that saturated back cooling makes different water compound content and be evenly distributed; Can under certain confined pressure, carry out three definite its mechanics parameters of shearing after forming sample to sample.
On the basis of device, formed the method that a cover test contains the sedimental three-axis force mathematic(al) parameter of gas hydrate, this method records the mechanics parameter state that comparatively gets close to nature.
Specifically,
One, contains gas hydrate sediment triaxial test device
Testing machine places the bottom of three stress frames to connect through bolt, and high pressure confined pressure chamber places on the testing machine, and the main shaft of testing machine is connected with the bottom surface of high pressure confined pressure chamber, and it is moved upward;
The push rod lower end contacts with pressure cap after passing piston, and the push rod upper end contacts with the ring bottom of measuring one's own ability, and the top of stress frame is fixed on the ring top of measuring one's own ability, and the ring of measuring one's own ability is used to measure the axle pressure that puts on sample;
Displacement transducer is fixed in the top of three stress frames, and the bottom of displacement transducer contacts with high pressure confined pressure chamber, and displacement transducer is used for measuring the axial strain displacement of sample;
Heat exchanger coil places high pressure confined pressure chamber interior, and two is welded in the top of confined pressure chamber, is connected with calibration cell through two latex flexible pipes, passes through heat exchanging agent cycle control confined pressure room temperature in heat exchanger coil in the calibration cell;
The confined pressure servo-drive system is connected with bottom, high pressure confined pressure chamber through pressure duct, the confined pressure of control confined pressure chamber;
Air water mixer bottom links to each other with base in the high pressure confined pressure chamber through constant flow pump, the 5th valve; Air water mixer top links to each other with pressure cap in the high pressure confined pressure chamber through the 3rd valve; During synthesized hydrate; Power at constant flow pump orders about down, and gassy water circulates in sample and air water mixer and forms hydrate;
Gas concentration unit links to each other with pressure cap in the high pressure confined pressure chamber through the 4th valve, after test is accomplished, utilizes gas concentration unit to reclaim the gas of intensification decomposition water compound generation;
Vacuum pump links to each other with the air water mixer through the 6th valve, and the test initial stage extracts the air in the experimental provision pipeline with it;
Gas cylinder links to each other with air water mixer top with gas flow controller through supercharge pump, gas buffer jar, for experimental provision provides source of the gas;
The 3rd pressure transducer is installed on air water mixer top; Measure air water mixer internal gas pressure; First pressure transducer is installed on the confined pressure pressure of measuring the air water mixer on confined pressure servo-drive system and the pressure duct that high pressure confined pressure chamber is connected, and the base that second pressure transducer is connected in high pressure confined pressure chamber is measured the sample internal holes and pressed;
The second temperature sensor measurement air water mixer temperature inside, the first temperature sensor measurement high pressure confined pressure chamber interior temperature, function reflects specimen temperature jointly.
Displacement transducer, strain gauge, first and second temperature sensor, first, second and third pressure transducer, constant flow pump and gas flow controller all link to each other with message handler through the normal signal line; Message handler (52) links to each other through signal wire with microcomputer, totally realizes the real-time control and the collection of data.
Principle of work:
The water that utilization is dissolved with gas circulates in soil sample and makes hydrate under cryogenic conditions, generate to separate out to be filled in the soil sample; Form do not have free state gas in the hole contain the gas hydrate sediment, form and contain the sedimental process of gas hydrate thereby simulated under the marine environment dynamic dispersal pattern; Make under uniform temperature and the pressure contain gas hydrate sediment sample after; Can be according to different stress path conditions and temperature, pressure situation of change; Carry out triaxial shear test to containing the gas hydrate sediment, obtain the distortion and the intensive parameter index of three shearings.
Two, based on the test method that contains gas hydrate sediment triaxial test device
This method comprises the following steps:
1. the one-tenth appearance of sample
Setting sample is diameter 50mm, height 100mm;
Adopt lifting jack to be compression molded into appearance by setting density on sample,, also can be employed in three base higher slices and hit the real appearance that becomes if sand soil owing to do not have to be difficult to be shaped behind the viscosity pressing mold, can be suppressed back gang mould tool and put into refrigerator and carry out freezing back and take out sample;
Described setting density is simulation sea bed gas hydrate resistant strata soil density 1.5～2.5g/cm
3, water percentage 2%～40%;
2. the installation of sample
The sample that is shaped is installed on three confined pressure chamber bases, installs pressure cap, good seal high pressure confined pressure chamber is installed; The water that in the air water mixer, adds 1/3 volume is installed good seal air water mixer; And connection temperature regulating device;
3. it is fixed to apply confined pressure
In the triaxial cell, inject confined pressure liquid (generally adopting ethylene glycol solution), it is 0.5～5Mpa that pressure is set, and it is fixed that sample is carried out equipressure, experiences fixed completion in 24 hours;
4. vacuumize
The open vacuum pump cuts out the 5th valve, opens remaining valve, whole loop is vacuumized the inside of the removal system different gas of mixing;
5. it is saturated to circulate
Bleed after the completion, close the 4th valve, open gas cylinder the air water mixer is inflated; Make the air water mixer return to atmospheric pressure state, then open the 5th valve, open constant flow pump; Water will carry out saturated to soil sample under constant flow pump and action of pressure; Open the 3rd, 4 valves afterwards, close the 6th valve, begin circulation and soil sample is circulated saturated;
6. apply gas
Open valve ventilation, regulate pressure valve pressure is transferred to setup pressure value, when promoting air pressure, confined pressure is also wanted corresponding raising, when general confined pressure than the high 0.5MPa of gaseous tension about; The gaseous tension of soil sample internal void generally is: carbon dioxide is 3～5Mpa; Methane is 6～10Mpa, and back valve-off is opened magnetic stirring apparatus simultaneously;
7. sample preparation circulates
Under the effect of magnetic stirring apparatus; Water-gas fully mixes to form between the soil sample of dissolved air water in mixed container of air-water and triaxial cell and circulates; Open thermostat, temperature is reduced to setting value-2～4 ℃, heat exchanging agent (being generally ethylene glycol solution) reduces the soil sample temperature through coil pipe; Dissolved air water begins to form uniformly hydrate when being recycled in the soil sample, simultaneously the log-on data collection;
8. judge the synthetic completion of hydrate
When the gaseous tension in the mixed container of air-water keeps stablizing when constant, the hydrate in the high-pressure reaction vessel in the soil sample is synthetic to be accomplished; Judgement is under corresponding temperature, pressure condition, and temperature is generally-2～4 ℃, and pressure carbon dioxide is generally 2～3Mpa, and methane is generally 3～6Mpa;
9. three shearings
After the synthetic completion of hydrate, close constant flow pump, close the 4th, 5 valves, the adjustment confined pressure, and three shear rates are set, and to open testing machine sample is carried out triaxial shear test, undrained shear is adopted in experiment;
10. decomposition of hydrate is collected gas
After shearing completion, the closing test machine cuts out constant flow pump; Close the 3rd, 5,6 valves simultaneously; Open the 4th valve, promote calibration cell temperature to 25 ℃, the hydrate of sample will decompose; Discharge gas and will adopt gas concentration unit to collect and measure gas volume, the decomposable process of hydrate generally continues 24 hours;
Be the measuring and calculating of hydrate saturation degree at last, gas concentration unit can be measured the amount of collected gas, calculates the saturation degree that can draw hydrate through its corresponding theory.
The utlity model has following advantage and good effect:
1. dissolved air water forms hydrate deposition and separates out and be filled in the soil sample hole in the low temperature soil sample, has simulated exactly to contain the sedimental generation type of gas hydrate under the marine environment under the dynamic dispersal pattern of rock gas, has filled up the blank in the present the research;
That 2. adopts confined pressure, axial compression and back-pressure answers the force servo autocontrol method; Contain the gas hydrate sediment and carry out triaxial shear test making, can simulate with test different STRESS VARIATION path under sedimental three of the gas hydrate that contain shear Mechanical Characters of Composite Ground.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this device.
Wherein:
00-sample;
11-testing machine; 12-three stress frames;
13-high pressure confined pressure chamber; 14-base; 15-pressure cap; 16-piston; 17-push rod;
21-confined pressure servo-drive system; 22-high-pressure hose;
31-air-water mixer; 32-magnetic stirring apparatus; 33-constant flow pump;
41-calibration cell; 42-heat exchanger coil; 43-latex flexible pipe;
51-microcomputer; 52-message handler;
61-gas cylinder; 62-gas boosting pump; 63-gas buffer jar; 64-gas flow controller;
71-vacuum pump; 72-gas concentration unit;
81,82,83-first, second and third pressure transducer; 84,85-first and second temperature sensor;
86-the ring (strain gauge) of measuring one's own ability; 87-displacement transducer.
Embodiment
Specify below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:
One, device
1, overall
Like Fig. 1, the structure of this device is:
Push rod 17 lower ends are passed piston 16 backs and are contacted with pressure cap 15, and push rod 17 upper ends contact with ring 86 bottoms of measuring one's own ability, and the top of stress frame 12 is fixed on ring 86 tops of measuring one's own ability, and the ring 86 of measuring one's own ability is used to measure the axle pressure that puts on sample;
Confined pressure servo-drive system 21 is connected with 13 bottoms, high pressure confined pressure chamber through pressure duct 22, the confined pressure of control confined pressure chamber 13;
The 3rd pressure transducer 83 is installed on air water mixer 31 tops; Measure air water mixer 31 internal gas pressures; First pressure transducer 81 is installed on the confined pressure pressure of measuring air water mixer 31 on confined pressure servo-drive system 21 and the pressure duct 22 that high pressure confined pressure chamber 13 is connected, and the base 14 that second pressure transducer 82 is connected in high pressure confined pressure chamber 13 is measured the sample internal holes and pressed;
2, each parts
1) testing machine 11 is selected the GDHBS-235 of Britain GDS company for use, by variable-frequency motor power is provided, and can realize stepless change, is that high pressure confined pressure chamber 13 provides and upwards at the uniform velocity transports the power of merit through main shaft 11-1.
2) three stress frames 12 are selected the extra large appearance HBS-FRAME of section for use, are a kind of door type structures that is combined by crossbeam and two root posts, and crossbeam and column adopt nut to link closely crossbeam adjustable height, material selection shaped steel.
3) high pressure confined pressure chamber 13 is selected the extra large appearance HBS-13 of section for use, is a kind of cylindrical can, adopts stainless steel to process the highest withstand voltage 15Mpa.
4) base 14 is selected the extra large appearance HBS-14 of section for use, adopts stainless steel to process.
5) pressure cap 15 is selected the extra large appearance HBS-15 of section for use, adopts stainless steel to process.
6) piston 16 is selected the extra large appearance HBS-16 of section for use, and there is the seal disc of through hole in a kind of central authorities, guarantees that push rod 17 freely slides up and down, and also guarantees the sealing of high pressure confined pressure chamber 13.
7) push rod 17 is selected the extra large appearance HBS-17 of section for use, is a kind of round bar.
8) confined pressure servo-drive system 21 is selected the GDHBS-21 of Britain GDS company for use, is a kind of Hydrauservo System, can be that high pressure confined pressure chamber 13 provides stable confined pressure: 0～30 Mpa according to requirement of experiment automatically, quickly and accurately.
9) high-pressure hose 22 is common parts.
10) air-water mixer 31 is selected the extra large appearance HBS-31 of section for use, is a kind of container, for air water mixes the place is provided.
11) magnetic stirring apparatus 32 is selected Hangzhou SM2120H/275 for use, through stirring air water is fully mixed.
12) constant flow pump 33 is selected Qingdao PIC-10 for use, for air water circulation sample preparation provides driving force.
13) calibration cell 41 is selected Ningbo of Zhejiang THX2020 for use, the constant control specimen temperature of ability, temperature control scope :-25 ℃-50 ℃;
14) heat exchanger coil 42 is selected the extra large appearance HBS-PG of section for use, adopts copper pipe to process curl.
15) latex flexible pipe 43 is common parts.
16) microcomputer 51 is a conventional equipment.
17) message handler 52 is selected the GDSLAB1 of Britain GDS company for use, realizes the processing and information-based control of data.
18) gas cylinder 61 is a conventional equipment.
19) gas boosting pump 62 is a conventional equipment, can gases at high pressure be provided for system.
20) gas buffer jar 63 is selected the extra large appearance HBS-HCG of section for use, is a kind of hydrostatic column, adopts stainless steel to process; Guarantee the gas stable-state flow.
21) gas flow controller 64, select Chengdu LF400-M for use, but the automatic measuring and controlling gas mass flow, and do not receive the restriction of temperature and pressure, but observing and controlling moment and integrated flow.
22) vacuum pump 72 is selected Jiangsu WLW-50A for use.
23) gas concentration unit 71 is selected the extra large appearance HBS-HS01 of section for use, is a kind of graduated container, collects decomposition gas, for the estimation saturation degree provides parameter;
24) first, second and third pressure transducer 81,82,83 is selected Xi'an ND-1 for use.
25) first and second temperature sensor 84,85 is selected Beijing Pt100/ φ 3 for use.
26) ring (strain gauge) 86 of measuring one's own ability is selected Xi'an HSD-3 for use.
27) displacement transducer 87 is selected Xi'an HWY-02 for use.
Each parts connects the common high pressure stainless steel pipeline of employing and connects, and data acquisition adopts the normal signal line to connect.
Claims (1)
1. one kind contains gas hydrate sediment triaxial test device, it is characterized in that:
Testing machine (11) places the bottom of three stress frames (12) to connect through bolt, and high pressure confined pressure chamber (13) places on the testing machine (11), and the main shaft (11-1) of testing machine (11) is connected with the bottom surface of high pressure confined pressure chamber (13);
Push rod (17) lower end is passed piston (16) back and is contacted with pressure cap (15), and push rod (17) upper end contacts with ring (86) bottom of measuring one's own ability, and the top of stress frame (12) is fixed on ring (86) top of measuring one's own ability;
Displacement transducer (87) is fixed in the top of three stress frames (12), and the bottom of displacement transducer (87) contacts with high pressure confined pressure chamber (13);
Heat exchanger coil (42) places inside, high pressure confined pressure chamber (13), and two is welded in the top of confined pressure chamber (13), is connected with calibration cell (41) through two latex flexible pipes (43);
Confined pressure servo-drive system (21) is connected with bottom, high pressure confined pressure chamber (13) through pressure duct (22);
Air water mixer (31) bottom links to each other with base (14) in the high pressure confined pressure chamber (13) through constant flow pump (33), the 5th valve (V5), and air water mixer (31) top is passed through the 3rd valve (V3) and linked to each other with pressure cap (15) in the high pressure confined pressure chamber (13);
Gas concentration unit (71) links to each other with pressure cap (15) in the high pressure confined pressure chamber (13) through the 4th valve (V4), after test is accomplished, utilizes the gas of gas concentration unit (71) recovery intensification decomposition water compound generation;
Vacuum pump (72) links to each other with air water mixer (31) through the 6th valve (V6);
Gas cylinder (61) links to each other with air water mixer (31) top with gas flow controller (64) through supercharge pump (62), gas buffer jar (63);
The 3rd pressure transducer (83) is installed on air water mixer (31) top; Measure air water mixer (31) internal gas pressure; First pressure transducer (81) is installed on confined pressure servo-drive system (21) and the pressure duct (22) that high pressure confined pressure chamber (13) is connected, and second pressure transducer (82) is connected in the base (14) of high pressure confined pressure chamber (13);
Second temperature sensor (85) is measured air water mixer (31) temperature inside, and first temperature sensor (84) is measured high pressure confined pressure chamber (13) internal temperature;
Displacement transducer (87), strain gauge (86), first and second temperature sensor (84,85), first, second and third pressure transducer (81,82,83), constant flow pump (33) and gas flow controller (64) all link to each other with message handler (52) through signal wire, and message handler (52) links to each other through signal wire with microcomputer (51).
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| CN2011202294139U CN202166560U (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2011-06-30 | Three-shaft testing device for natural gas hydrate containing sediment |
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| CN102252918A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2011-11-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Three-axis test device and methods for sediments including gas hydrates |
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| CN102252918A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2011-11-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Three-axis test device and methods for sediments including gas hydrates |
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| CN104697878B (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Testing device and method for brecciation degree of fracture wall surface |
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| CN113008700A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-22 | 山东科技大学 | Method for testing mechanical properties of natural gas hydrate |
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