Background technology
Along with power electronic equipment and the extensive use of other nonlinear loads in electric power system and industry, the low problem of harmonic pollution in the electrical network that is brought and power factor is more and more serious.Present trend is to adopt APF; Be that active electric filter device carries out the harmonic wave inhibition; Active electric filter device is the power electronic equipment of a kind of dynamic inhibition harmonic wave and compensating reactive power, and it can remedy the shortcoming of passive filter to frequency and harmonic wave and idle compensating that size all changes; Acquisition is a kind of desirable compensation harmonic device than the better characteristic of passive filter.
The controlling schemes core concept of the APF that major part is traditional at present is: detect load current; Go out fundamental current or active current through Detection and Extraction; When the active filter compensation harmonic, load current and fundamental current are made the difference operation reference signal of electric current by way of compensation; When filter is used for simultaneously compensation harmonic and when idle, load current and active current is made the difference operation reference signal of electric current by way of compensation.And then real-time detection filter device electric current, the offset current reference value to be compared with the filter electric current that measures, its difference signal is controlled APF output offset current through current tracing controller (like ring control, the pwm triangular wave modulation etc. of stagnating).Active current also as a reference the part of electric current be used for the loss of compensating filter with to keep dc voltage stability constant.This kind control mode is said the open loop control that belongs to electric current from the control theory angle; No matter adopt which kind of filtering algorithm and current tracing controller; All need sample load current and filter electric current and system voltage, dc capacitor voltage have been used relatively extensively based on the active electric filter device of this detection control method.Its characteristics are exactly that control strategy is general relatively, be easy to realize, but because the increase of sample rate current way have also increased the quantity of detecting unit.
A kind of in addition control mode is exactly the closed-loop control of source current, adopts the control circuit of this kind method can save load current detecting unit and filter current detecting unit.On the original voltage acquisition passage basis of invariable that keeps conventional method, only, just can accomplish control to APF through gathering source current.Adopt the directly actuated method of source current can reduce the detecting unit quantity of control circuit, control method is brief relatively.But also brought some problems:
1. owing to detect the time-delay of link and the time-delay of main circuit inverter; Make APF error occur to the compensation of high order harmonic component; Amplify some high order harmonic component even, because the time-delay of digitial controller and main circuit inverter increases the closed-loop control difficulty that adopts source current.
2. the directly actuated closed-loop system of source current; Omitted the operation link of first-harmonic (gaining merit) reference current in the extraction source current; For the capacitance voltage ring,, cause its dynamic responding speed fast not as traditional control system again owing to lacked a feed-forward signal in the closed loop.
Summary of the invention
The active filter control system that the utility model mainly solves the control of original employing open current loop exists that the sample rate current way is many, detecting unit quantity is many; The cost technical problems of high; Adopt the active filter control system of source current closed-loop control to exist the control difficulty big, the technical problem that dynamic responding speed is slower; A kind of active filter closed-loop control system with the quick response of prediction is provided, its source current of only sampling, and increased the PREDICTIVE CONTROL that load capacity changes; According to the variation of capacitance voltage and the corresponding relation of system's active current; Obtain the variation of power supply active current component amplitude, calculate, dope the variable quantity of system's active current through sampling to the power-supply filter dc capacitor voltage; This premeasuring is fed back to the offset current controlling unit in advance, improve the dynamic responding speed of APF.
The above-mentioned technical problem of the utility model mainly is able to solve through following technical proposals: the utility model comprises the active filter that is connected with power supply grid; The AC side of described active filter is connected with supply voltage acquisition module and source current acquisition module, and the DC side of active filter is connected with the capacitance voltage acquisition module; The output of described supply voltage acquisition module, the one tunnel links to each other through the first input end of sinusoidal computing module with the multiplying module, and another road links to each other with the first input end of fundamental active current detection module; The output of described source current acquisition module; One the tunnel links to each other with second input of described fundamental active current detection module; Another road links to each other with the first input end of the second add operation module, and the output of fundamental active current detection module links to each other with the first input end of the first add operation module; The output of described capacitance voltage acquisition module links to each other through second input of active current variation prediction module and described multiplying module; The output of multiplying module links to each other with second input of the first add operation module; The output of the first add operation module links to each other with second input of the second add operation module; The output of the second add operation module links to each other with the input of current controller, and the output of current controller links to each other with the control end of described active filter.Gather source current is through the source current acquisition module, gather supply voltage Us, through the processing of fundamental active current detection module, the meritorious amount i that obtains containing in the source current through the supply voltage acquisition module
LpDetect dc capacitor voltage Uc through the capacitance voltage acquisition module; Utilize the relation between the active current in mean value and the system of capacitance voltage; Situation of change through to capacitance voltage is carried out tracking processing; Obtain the change information of active current in the system in real time, i.e. the amplitude of active current component in the system.By the multiplying module with the output of the active current amplitude increment △ Ip of system and sinusoidal computing module with system voltage with the sinusoidal signal e of unit of homophase frequently
sMultiply each other, obtain active current component △ ip, again with meritorious amount i
LpAddition, the command signal is* that finally is compensated.With the poor comparison value △ is of command signal is* and the source current is of the compensation input as current controller, the pwm control signal of current controller generation acts on active filter main circuit generation offset current.
As preferably; Described active current variation prediction module comprises low-pass filtering module, discrete sampling module, prediction processing module and the signal transformation processing module that links to each other successively; The input of described low-pass filtering module links to each other with the output of described capacitance voltage acquisition module; Also be connected with the reference quantity input module on the described prediction processing module, second input of the output of described signal transformation processing module and described multiplying module links to each other.The detected dc capacitor voltage instantaneous value of capacitance voltage acquisition module Uc is after low-pass filtering module processing, discrete sampling resume module; By the prediction processing module reference value of this signal and reference quantity input module output is made comparisons again and handle; Obtain the variable quantity △ Uc of capacitor averaging voltage; Through the processing of signal transformation processing module, obtain the change information of active current in the system in real time again, i.e. the amplitude of active current component in the system.The active current amplitude increment △ Ip of system that obtains flows to the multiplying resume module.
As preferably; Described active current variation prediction module comprises the 3rd add operation module, proportional plus integral control module and the 4th add operation module; The first input end of the 3rd add operation module links to each other with the output of described capacitance voltage acquisition module; Second input of the 3rd add operation module links to each other with standard capacitor voltage input module; The output of the 3rd add operation module links to each other with the input of described proportional plus integral control module; The output of proportional plus integral control module links to each other with the first input end of described the 4th add operation module, and second input of the 4th add operation module links to each other with the output of described signal transformation processing module, and second input of the output of the 4th add operation module and described multiplying module links to each other.Dc capacitor voltage and typical set value work difference are carried out PI and are regulated adjusted amount I
Pi, by the 4th add operation module with regulated quantity I
PiCarry out the addition processing with the amplitude △ Isp of active current component in the system, obtain the active current amplitude increment △ Ip of system, flow to the multiplying resume module.Regulate to keep the stable of capacitance voltage through PI.
The beneficial effect of the utility model is: the source current of not only sampling; Also increased the PREDICTIVE CONTROL that load capacity changes; Obtain the variation of power supply active current component amplitude,, dope the variable quantity of system's active current through sampling to the power-supply filter dc capacitor voltage; This premeasuring is fed back to the offset current controlling unit in advance; Keep proportional plus integral control link, current controller among traditional APF simultaneously, improved the dynamic responding speed of APF greatly, effectively improved the electrical network quality.
Embodiment
Pass through embodiment below, and combine accompanying drawing, do further bright specifically the technical scheme of the utility model.
Embodiment 1: the band prediction of present embodiment is the active filter closed-loop control system of response fast, and is as shown in Figure 1, and the power supply grid 1 of electric power system has been in parallel installed with active filter 2 for load 3 power supplies on the transmission line.The AC side of active filter 2 is connected with supply voltage acquisition module 4 and source current acquisition module 5, and the DC side of active filter 2 is connected with capacitance voltage acquisition module 8.The output of supply voltage acquisition module 2, one tunnel first input end through sinusoidal computing module 6 and multiplying module 10 links to each other, and another road links to each other with the first input end of fundamental active current detection module 7; The output of source current acquisition module 5; One the tunnel links to each other with second input of fundamental active current detection module 7; Another road links to each other with the first input end of the second add operation module 12, and the output of fundamental active current detection module 7 links to each other with the first input end of the first add operation module 11; The output of capacitance voltage acquisition module 8 links to each other through second input of active current variation prediction module 9 and multiplying module 10; The output of multiplying module 10 links to each other with second input of the first add operation module 11; The output of the first add operation module 11 links to each other with second input of the second add operation module 12; The output of the second add operation module 12 links to each other with the input of current controller 13, and the output of current controller 13 links to each other with the control end of active filter 2.
As shown in Figure 2, active current variation prediction module 9 comprises low-pass filtering module 91, discrete sampling module 92, prediction processing module 93, signal transformation processing module 94, reference quantity input module 96 and the 3rd add operation module 97, proportional plus integral control module 98 and the 4th add operation module 95.The input of low-pass filtering module 91 links to each other with the output of capacitance voltage acquisition module 8; Low-pass filtering module 91, discrete sampling module 92, prediction processing module 93, signal transformation processing module 94 link to each other successively; Reference quantity input module 96 links to each other with prediction processing module 93, and the output of signal transformation processing module 94 links to each other with second input of the 4th add operation module 95.The first input end of the 3rd add operation module 97 also links to each other with the output of capacitance voltage acquisition module 8; Second input of the 3rd add operation module 97 links to each other with standard capacitor voltage input module 99; The output of the 3rd add operation module 97 links to each other with the input of proportional plus integral control module 98, and the output of proportional plus integral control module 98 links to each other with the first input end of the 4th add operation module 95.The output of the 4th add operation module 95 links to each other as the output of active current variation prediction module 9 and second input of multiplying module 10.
Gather source current is through the source current acquisition module, gather supply voltage Us, through the processing of fundamental active current detection module, the meritorious amount i that obtains containing in the source current
lp through the supply voltage acquisition module.Detect dc capacitor voltage Uc through the capacitance voltage acquisition module; Utilize the relation between the active current in mean value and the system of capacitance voltage; Situation of change through to capacitance voltage is carried out tracking processing; Obtain the change information of active current in the system in real time, i.e. the amplitude of active current component in the system.With the multiplying each other with the sinusoidal signal es of unit of homophase frequently of the active current amplitude increment △ Ip of system and sinusoidal computing module output, obtain active current component △ ip, by the multiplying module again with meritorious amount i with system voltage
LpAddition, the command signal is* that finally is compensated.With the poor comparison value △ is of command signal is* and the source current is of the compensation input as current controller, the pwm control signal of current controller generation acts on active filter main circuit generation offset current.
Now the internal mechanism of active current variation prediction module shown in Figure 2 being done one introduces in detail.
(1) corresponding relation of at first definite dc bus capacitor average voltage and system's fundamental active current:
Suppose under the steady operation state; The direct voltage of electric capacity is
, and the energy of storing on the capacitor so does
When load capacity changes; The average voltage of direct voltage raises (reduction) to
on the capacitor, and then the energy on capacitor this moment does
The variable quantity of energy is on the capacitor:
During the variation of load capacity, in the cycle, capacitor absorbs or the capacity that sends does
Wherein
is the system voltage effective value, and
is the variable quantity of system's active current amplitude.
Simultaneous (3) and (4) formula draw the variable quantity of active current amplitude in the system power
Thereby this moment, system's active current component increment did
(2) actual samples computing and quick Response Mechanism
Under stable situation, the average voltage of inverter dc capacitor remains certain value by the PI link, but because flowing of reactive power will cause the fluctuation of inverter direct-current voltage inevitably.Voltage sample in reality is near a series of undulating values the capacitor averaging voltage.
When under active filter is operated in stable state, moving, its dc capacitor voltage is expressed as
Wherein
is average voltage, and
is the capacitance voltage pulsating quantity.
When load capacity changes; Capacitor absorbs or the output active current; Capacitance voltage changes, and is when stablizing
(8)
The capacitance voltage of this moment fluctuates undulate quantity
near average voltage
.So
Capacitance voltage is sampled; And set up the discrete array of pulsating voltage function according to sampling time interval
; With the reference quantity of this array, be expressed as as dc capacitor voltage
Wherein
NBe the sampling number in the one-period.
After the change of the load capacity of the capacitor voltage
sampling discrete array is
Can know that by (9) formula the difference of dc capacitor voltage instantaneous value and reference value is the variable quantity of capacitor averaging voltage,, can sampled data in 1/2 cycle and reference quantity be done poor averaging, can budget go out the capacitor averaging voltage of this moment for realizing quick response,
Get
; Then
is the number of samples in 1/2 cycle, then
.
Certainly; Also can take other scheme; Except the supply voltage acquisition module among the embodiment 1, source current acquisition module, dc capacitor voltage acquisition module and current controller, a plurality of modules of remaining among the embodiment 1 also can realize through the central processing module (like single-chip microcomputer) of a storing control program.The signal that supply voltage acquisition module, source current acquisition module, capacitance voltage acquisition module collect flows to central processing module respectively; Analysis, judgement, processing and computing by the central processing module internal processes; Export control signal △ is at last and give current controller, the pwm control signal that current controller produces acts on the active filter main circuit and produces offset current.
The utility model dopes the variable quantity of system's active current through the sampling to the power-supply filter dc capacitor voltage, and this premeasuring is fed back to the offset current controlling unit in advance, improves the dynamic responding speed of APF greatly, effectively improves the electrical network quality.