The cylinder head of sphere firing chamber and petrol engine thereof
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of power engine parts and application thereof, particularly a kind of gasoline engine part and application thereof.
Background technique
Petrol engine is a kind of dynamic power machine that uses gasoline for the fuel.Partly form by cylinder, connecting rod, gas distribution system, oil supply system, lubrication system and ignition system etc.; Cylinder head is provided with gas-entered passageway and exhaust passage, and forms the firing chamber face jointly with cylinder, thereby, belong to the parts of petrol engine outbalance.Gasoline act as a fuel with AIR MIXTURES in the firing chamber internal combustion, produce a large amount of heats, be used for as driving energy.The parameter of firing chamber is the necessary condition that guarantees the efficient operation of petrol engine.
In the prior art, the firing chamber face of cylinder head generally adopts wedge-shaped structure, has bigger face on year-on-year basis, but this structure helps the installation of other accessory structure, such as valve assembly; If change firing chamber face structure, then can influence the layout of inlet and outlet door assembly.Existing inlet and outlet door assembly structure can not be applicable to the installation of different structure firing chamber, otherwise can occur being not closed completely, inaccurate and problem that action has some setbacks, influence the normal operation of petrol engine.For overcoming the above problems, a kind of spherical combustion chamber structure has appearred, have less surface to volume ratio, the performance of petrol engine is had influence preferably; Yet spherical combustion chamber is unfavorable for the mixing of combustion gas owing to surface smoothing, and for the installation meeting that adapts to valve the shape sudden change occurs at the firing chamber face, influences mixing, air inlet and exhaust, thereby the advantage of spherical combustion chamber is not in full use.
Therefore, need improve the firing chamber of petrol engine cylinder head, have the chamber structure of littler surface to volume ratio, improve the operational efficiency of petrol engine, fuel saving reduces discharging.
The model utility content
In view of this, the utility model provides the cylinder head and the petrol engine thereof of a kind of sphere firing chamber, adopts the less chamber structure of surface to volume ratio, improves the operational efficiency of petrol engine, and fuel saving reduces discharging.
The cylinder head of sphere of the present utility model firing chamber, comprise cylinder head body and the gas-entered passageway, exhaust passage and the spark plug mounting hole that are arranged at the cylinder head body, this external surface of cylinder head is provided with radiating fin, the inboard firing chamber face that forms of cylinder head body, described firing chamber face is the composite sphere structure, be followed successively by sphere I, smooth surface and sphere II to the top by the bottom, the radius of described sphere II is greater than the radius of sphere I; Seamlessly transit by smooth surface between sphere I and the sphere II.
Further, described smooth surface is hyperboloid or parabola, and described sphere I, smooth surface and the shared firing chamber of sphere II face ratio are 3: 1: 2 by width; Be optimal proportion, the petrol engine dynamic test of the firing chamber face of this ratio is most effective, discharges minimumly, reduces fuel consume and surpasses 5%, and enhancing power of gasoline engine surpasses 200W than existing single sphere firing chamber.
Further, the corresponding intake valve that is provided with gas-entered passageway on the described cylinder head body, the corresponding exhaust valve that is provided with the exhaust passage, described intake valve is oblique to the gas-entered passageway inclination by bottom to top, and exhaust valve is oblique to the exhaust passage inclination by bottom to top; Because valve is tilting, can make the middle bridge of the nose district of intake and exhaust channel wideer, be beneficial to cooling, increase non-deformability, cooperate, improved the cooling effect in bridge of the nose district greatly with complete unimpeded cooling duct II, reduce cylinder head distortion at high temperature, improved reliability; Simultaneous adaptation is in the composite sphere firing chamber, angle between inlet and exhaust valve and the intake and exhaust air flue is littler than existing structure firing chamber face, be convenient to organize air inlet, improve intake efficiency, be convenient to roll stream and intake swirl in the air inlet of cylinder inner tissue, increase flow perturbation in the cylinder, accelerate burning, improve petrol engine power and reduce discharging; Reduce the resistance of intake and exhaust, make intake and exhaust more smooth and easy, be beneficial to and improve petrol engine power, be beneficial to and reduce fuel consumption rate and discharging, help improving power, reduce fuel consume, reduce exhaust emissions, the protection environment.
Further, the seat ring inner end of the seat ring inner end of described intake valve and exhaust valve and firing chamber face conformal; Suitable shape promptly adapts to shape, the end surface shape of the seat ring inner end of valve and the seat ring inner end of exhaust valve and firing chamber face shape adapt, eliminate step, reduce interference to air inlet and exhaust, reduce resistance, eliminate the sudden change of dead angle and shape, guarantee the abundant burning of mixed gas, improve petrol engine efficient.
Further, described gas-entered passageway axis and exhaust passage axis coplane; Described firing chamber face forms bridge of the nose district between intake valve and exhaust valve, described bridge of the nose district is positioned at the width of firing chamber face greater than 8mm; Suitably increase bridge of the nose sector width, increase the ability of its opposing heat distortion amount, effectively improve the valve sealing performance, can effectively avoid the valve phenomenon that leaks air; Simultaneously, avoid the instantaneous interference that occurs between the intake and exhaust, guarantee fully burning, improve petrol engine power; Gas-entered passageway axis and exhaust passage axis are in same plane, are beneficial to the layout of valve and rocking arm.
Further, the seat ring cylindrical of the seat ring cylindrical of described intake valve and exhaust valve and firing chamber face bottom margin are tangent; Increase the distance between intake valve and the exhaust valve, and all adapt, intake and exhaust are not disturbed mutually, guarantee the power character and the Economy of petrol engine with the intake and exhaust streamline.
Further, described intake valve and exhaust valve are respectively equipped with rocking arm, the corresponding rocker arm bracket that is provided with rocking arm on the described cylinder head body, described rocking arm is set with pitman arm shaft, described pitman arm shaft is being arranged at rocker arm bracket around the mode single-degree-of-freedom of self rotational, two pitman arm shafts radially inwardly are obliquely installed to the top with respect to cylinder head body attachment face, and the angle of inclination of described pitman arm shaft is corresponding identical with the angle of inclination of intake valve and exhaust valve; It is the lever construction of fulcrum that described rocking arm forms with the pitman arm shaft; The pitman arm shaft that is obliquely installed can be adapted to the inclined valve structure and be adapted to the geometrical shape of composite sphere firing chamber, be beneficial to and guarantee that rocking arm drives the harmony and the sealing of valve event, fixed rocking arm is in running, the play of its all directions or rolling momentum are little, can effectively reduce the rate of fault of rocking arm, reduce maintenance cost; The reasonable Arrangement rocking arm is come in the position that is adapted to intake and exhaust, also is beneficial to guarantee to guarantee port timing valve timing, thereby improves performance and reduce discharging.
Further, described rocker arm bracket is upwards hatch frame, and described pitman arm shaft two ends correspondence penetrates the opening both sides of rocker arm bracket and cooperating around the mode of self rotational, the opening internal fixation that described rocking arm is positioned at rocker arm bracket is arranged at pitman arm shaft; The outside side of described rocker arm bracket hatch frame is split type bearing block structure, comprises gland and pedestal, and is detachable fixedly connected between described gland and the pedestal; Adopt split type bearing block structure, be beneficial to the installation of pitman arm shaft, and reduce friction area, increase the flexibility of rocking arm motion, simple and compact for structure, conserve space.
Further, described intake valve axis and exhaust valve axis are respectively perpendicular to the tangent plane of firing chamber face and its crosspoint; Just the axes intersect of intake valve and exhaust valve is in the center of firing chamber, adapts with the intake and exhaust direction of firing chamber, reduces resistance, increases the power character of petrol engine.
The invention also discloses a kind of petrol engine of using the cylinder head of sphere firing chamber, the cylinder head of described sphere firing chamber is installed on petrol engine.
The beneficial effects of the utility model: the cylinder head and the petrol engine thereof of sphere of the present utility model firing chamber, adopt composite sphere structure firing chamber, with respect to the sphere firing chamber, surface to volume ratio further reduces, improve the petrol engine working efficiency, and eliminate the abundant mixing that existing one spherical structure is unfavorable for combustion gas, reduce composite rate, the drawback of influence burning and discharging; And the composite sphere structure is also because surface blending is beneficial to the mixing of combustion gas, the air-flow that enters can be subjected to the resistance of different direction, make fuel mixture can better form turbulent flow, it is more abundant to burn, effectively reduce fuel consumption rate, be beneficial to burning and reduce the CH+NO discharging, increase petrol engine power; Simultaneously, angle between inlet and exhaust valve and the intake and exhaust air flue is littler than other structure firing chamber face, effectively reduce the resistance of intake and exhaust, make intake and exhaust more smooth and easy, improve petrol engine power effectively, further be beneficial to and reduce fuel consumption rate and discharging, petrol engine with peak output (rotating speed 3060rpm) 7.5kW is an example, power can be brought up to 8.1kW, and discharging is reduced to 6.0g/kW.h by 8.0g/kW.h, satisfies and surpass the standard of EPA3 stage 8g/kW.h; This shows that petrol engine power of the present utility model improves and discharging reduces comparatively obvious.
Cylinder head of the present utility model is used for petrol engine, and energy saving also reduces consumption.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further described.
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the utility model cylinder head Rocker arm assembly structural representation;
Fig. 3 is a pitman arm shaft and the sectional view that cooperates of rocker arm bracket.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model, Fig. 2 is the utility model cylinder head Rocker arm assembly structural representation, Fig. 3 is a pitman arm shaft and the sectional view that cooperates of rocker arm bracket, as shown in the figure: the cylinder head of the sphere firing chamber of present embodiment, comprise cylinder head body 1 and the gas-entered passageway 3 that is arranged at the cylinder head body, exhaust passage 2 and spark plug mounting hole 6, cylinder head body 1 outer surface is provided with radiating fin 4, the cylinder head body 1 inboard firing chamber face 5 that forms, described firing chamber face is the composite sphere structure, be followed successively by sphere I a to the top by the bottom, smooth surface b and sphere II c, the radius of described sphere II is greater than the radius of sphere I; Seamlessly transit by smooth surface between sphere I and the sphere II.
In the present embodiment, described smooth surface b is hyperboloid or parabola, is parabolic in the present embodiment; Described sphere I a, smooth surface b and the shared firing chamber of sphere II c face ratio are 3: 1: 2 by width; Be optimal proportion, the petrol engine dynamic test of the firing chamber face of this ratio is most effective, discharges minimumly, reduces fuel consume and surpasses 5%, and enhancing power of gasoline engine surpasses 200W than existing single sphere firing chamber.
In the present embodiment, on the described cylinder head body 1 with the gas-entered passageway 3 corresponding intake valves 31 that are provided with, with the exhaust passage 2 corresponding exhaust valves 21 that are provided with, described intake valve 31 is oblique to gas-entered passageway 3 inclinations by bottom to top, and exhaust valve 21 is oblique to exhaust passage 2 inclinations by bottom to top; Because valve is tilting, can make the middle bridge of the nose district of intake and exhaust channel wideer, be beneficial to cooling, increase non-deformability, improved the cooling effect in bridge of the nose district greatly, reduced cylinder head distortion at high temperature, improved reliability; Be adapted to the composite sphere firing chamber, angle between inlet and exhaust valve and the intake and exhaust air flue is littler than existing structure firing chamber face, be convenient to organize air inlet, improve intake efficiency, be convenient to roll stream and intake swirl in the air inlet of cylinder inner tissue, increase flow perturbation in the cylinder, accelerate burning, improve petrol engine power and reduce discharging; Reduce the resistance of intake and exhaust, make intake and exhaust more smooth and easy, be beneficial to and improve petrol engine power, be beneficial to and reduce fuel consumption rate and discharging, help improving power, reduce fuel consume, reduce exhaust emissions, the protection environment.
In the present embodiment, the seat ring 31a inner end of described intake valve 31 and the seat ring 21a inner end of exhaust valve 21 and firing chamber face conformal; Suitable shape promptly adapts to shape, the end surface shape of the seat ring inner end of intake valve and the seat ring inner end of exhaust valve and firing chamber face shape adapt, eliminate step, reduce interference to air inlet and exhaust, reduce resistance, eliminate the sudden change of dead angle and shape, guarantee the abundant burning of mixed gas, improve petrol engine efficient.
In the present embodiment, described gas-entered passageway 3 axis and exhaust passage 2 axis coplanes; Described firing chamber face 5 forms bridge of the nose district between intake valve 31 and exhaust valve 21, described bridge of the nose district is positioned at the width L of firing chamber face greater than 8mm; Suitably increase bridge of the nose sector width, increase the ability of its opposing heat distortion amount, effectively improve the valve sealing performance, can effectively avoid the valve phenomenon that leaks air; Simultaneously, avoid the instantaneous interference that occurs between the intake and exhaust, guarantee fully burning, improve petrol engine power; Gas-entered passageway axis and exhaust passage axis are in same plane, are beneficial to the layout of valve and rocking arm.
In the present embodiment, the seat ring 31a cylindrical of described intake valve 31 and the seat ring 21a cylindrical of exhaust valve 21 and firing chamber face 5 bottom margins are tangent; Increase the distance between intake valve 31 and the exhaust valve 21, and all adapt, intake and exhaust are not disturbed mutually, guarantee the power character and the Economy of petrol engine with the intake and exhaust streamline.
Described intake valve 31 and exhaust valve 21 are respectively equipped with rocking arm, as shown in the figure: the rocking arm 13 of intake valve 31, the rocking arm 11 of exhaust valve 21; The corresponding rocker arm bracket (being rocker arm bracket 15 and rocker arm bracket 12 among the figure) that is provided with rocking arm (rocking arm 13 and rocking arm 11) on the described cylinder head body 1, described rocking arm (rocking arm 13 and rocking arm 11) is set with pitman arm shaft (pitman arm shaft 14 and pitman arm shaft 10) respectively, described pitman arm shaft (pitman arm shaft 14 and pitman arm shaft 10) is being arranged at rocker arm bracket (rocker arm bracket 15 and rocker arm bracket 12) around the mode single-degree-of-freedom correspondence of self rotational, two pitman arm shafts (pitman arm shaft 14 and pitman arm shaft 10) radially inwardly are obliquely installed to the top with respect to cylinder head body attachment face, are meant that radially cylinder head radially; The setting that with respect to the horizontal plane is inclined upwardly of two pitman arm shaft ecto-entads, the angle of inclination of described pitman arm shaft (pitman arm shaft 14 and pitman arm shaft 10) is corresponding identical with the angle of inclination of intake valve 31 and exhaust valve 21; It is the lever construction of fulcrum that described rocking arm (rocking arm 13 and rocking arm 11) forms with pitman arm shaft (pitman arm shaft 14 and pitman arm shaft 10), forms tilting fixed rocking arm with pitman arm shaft; The pitman arm shaft that is obliquely installed can be adapted to the inclined valve structure and be adapted to the geometrical shape of composite sphere firing chamber, be beneficial to and guarantee that rocking arm drives the harmony and the sealing of valve event, fixed rocking arm is in running, the play of its all directions or rolling momentum are little, can effectively reduce the rate of fault of rocking arm, reduce maintenance cost.The reasonable Arrangement rocking arm is come in the position that is adapted to intake and exhaust, also is beneficial to guarantee to guarantee port timing valve timing, thereby improves performance and reduce discharging.
In the present embodiment, described rocker arm bracket (rocker arm bracket 8 and rocker arm bracket 12) is hatch frame upwards, described pitman arm shaft (pitman arm shaft 9 and pitman arm shaft 10) two ends correspondence penetrates the opening both sides of rocker arm bracket (rocker arm bracket 8 and rocker arm bracket 12) and (single-degree-of-freedom cooperates and refers to pitman arm shaft 9 and pitman arm shaft 10 axial freedoms are limited cooperating around the mode of self rotational, can take on pitman arm shaft, to be provided with the structure of takeing in week that leans against rocker arm bracket opening both sides respectively, can also be any can restrictive axial moving and circumferencial direction mode slidably in the prior art), the opening internal fixation that described rocking arm (rocking arm 13 and rocking arm 11) is positioned at rocker arm bracket (rocker arm bracket 8 and rocker arm bracket 12) is arranged at pitman arm shaft (pitman arm shaft 9 and pitman arm shaft 10); The outside side of described rocker arm bracket (rocker arm bracket 8 and rocker arm bracket 12) hatch frame is split type bearing block structure, as shown in Figure 3; the outside side of the hatch frame of rocker arm bracket 8 comprises gland 81a and pedestal 81; detachable fixedly connected between described gland 81a and the pedestal 81; adopt screw to connect among the figure, also can be provided for the bearing shell 101 (the inside side of rocker arm bracket 8 and rocker arm bracket 12 hatch frames also is provided with bearing shell) that reduces to rub; The outside side structure of the outside side of the hatch frame of rocker arm bracket 12 and the hatch frame of rocker arm bracket 8 is identical; Adopt split type bearing block structure, be beneficial to the installation of pitman arm shaft, and reduce friction area, increase the flexibility of rocking arm motion, simple and compact for structure, conserve space;
In the present embodiment, described intake valve 31 axis and exhaust valve 21 axis are respectively perpendicular to the tangent plane of firing chamber face 5 with its crosspoint, be that intake valve 31 axis and exhaust valve 21 axis intersect with firing chamber face 5 respectively, the tangent plane of this intersection point, just the axes intersect of intake valve and exhaust valve is in the center of firing chamber, adapt with the intake and exhaust direction of firing chamber, reduce resistance, increase the power character of petrol engine.
The invention also discloses a kind of petrol engine of using the cylinder head of sphere firing chamber, the cylinder head of described sphere firing chamber is installed on petrol engine, this petrol engine can be used for motorcycle or universal machine, and universal machine comprises pump, blower fan, compressor, subtracts variable-speed motor, generator or the like.
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to the explanation the technical solution of the utility model, although the utility model is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement the technical solution of the utility model, and not breaking away from the aim and the scope of technical solutions of the utility model, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present utility model.