CN201972833U - Inshore wave generator based on parameter resonance - Google Patents
Inshore wave generator based on parameter resonance Download PDFInfo
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- CN201972833U CN201972833U CN2011200749375U CN201120074937U CN201972833U CN 201972833 U CN201972833 U CN 201972833U CN 2011200749375 U CN2011200749375 U CN 2011200749375U CN 201120074937 U CN201120074937 U CN 201120074937U CN 201972833 U CN201972833 U CN 201972833U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an inshore wave generator based on parameter resonance, which comprises a wide and large water opening arranged under the water on a shore of the lowest tide level, wherein the water opening is connected with the bottom of a fairing provided with a water turbine rotor through an outer water passage, the upper part of the fairing is connected with the bottom of a water tank with the rectangular cross section through an inner water passage, the upper part of the water tank is provided with a compressed air chamber with the rectangular cross section, an air valve is arranged between the compressed air chamber and the water tank, a water level sensor is arranged in the water tank and is electrically connected with an air valve controller, and the air valve controller is electrically connected with the air valve. The amplitude of a parameter resonance device is increased by one time through being compared with the amplitude of conventional resonance, and the wave energy can be effectively captured. The design of the whole wave generator is easier to master, and the wave generator is particularly applicable to natural energy of wave energy with continuously changed frequencies and amplitudes. Under the condition that the external excitation amplitude is greatly increased, the water level amplitude of the water tank is only increased at a small amplitude, and the device has the capability of resisting huge external waves.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of nearshore wave electricity generating device based on parameter resonance, is a kind of new energy, is the device that a kind of mode with parameter resonance improves the wave energy capturing efficiency, is a kind of device that utilizes wave-activated power generation.
Background technique
Various patents about the wave energy conversion surpass 1500, and wave energy apparatus is ever-changing, but has two parts usually, a part is a collecting device, effect is to catch wave energy, and another part is a conversion equipment, the wave energy of catching is converted to the mechanical or electrical energy of particular form.The common drawback of existing wave energy apparatus is that to catch the efficient of wave ability lower, though the higher wave energy apparatus of some efficient is arranged, all too complicated, and under wave constantly impacts, damage easily.How improving the efficient of catching wave energy cheaply, and effectively prevent the impact failure of wave, is the common issue that wave energy apparatus faces.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome prior art problems, the utility model proposes a kind of nearshore wave electricity generating device based on parameter resonance, described device is based upon offshore under water, has avoided the direct impact of wave.For improving capturing efficiency, described device is provided with the parameter resonance device.Described parameter resonance device utilizes the perturbation motion method of natural frequency to amplify resonance, effectively raises the efficient of catching wave energy.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that a kind of nearshore wave electricity generating device based on parameter resonance, comprise: the roomy mouth of a river is set up on the bank at lowest water level under water, the described mouth of a river is connected by the bottom of outer water channel with the cowling that hydroturbine rotor is installed, the top of described cowling is connected with the bottom of water tank by inner lead, the top of described water tank is provided with the compression air chamber identical with the water tank cross section, between described compression air chamber and the described water tank air valve is installed; In the described water tank level sensor is installed, described level sensor is electrically connected with the air valve controller, and described air valve controller is electrically connected with air valve.
The beneficial effect that the utility model produces is: the utility model is by being provided with compression air chamber and level sensor, and the mode of air valve and air valve controller forms the parameter resonator system, there are data to show that this system increases than the amplitude of conventional resonance under the situation of parameter perturbation and are twice, can effectively catch wave energy.The amplitude size of parameter resonance depends on the parameter designing of system, makes the design of whole wave-type electric generator be easier to hold.Parameter resonates the adaptability of certain limit to the variation of outside energizing frequency, this characteristic is specially adapted to this frequency of wave and the continuous natural energy that changes of amplitude.Experiment shows that device described in the utility model externally encourages under the situation that amplitude increases significantly, and just by a small margin the increase of cistern water level amplitude has the ability of the outside billow of opposing with this device described in the utility model.
Description of drawings
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the utility model embodiment one described schematic representation of apparatus;
Fig. 2 is the utility model embodiment five described schematic representation of apparatus that have safety valve;
Fig. 3 is embodiment's six described method parameter disturbance schematic representation of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
Present embodiment is a kind of nearshore wave electricity generating device based on parameter resonance, as described in Figure 1.Present embodiment comprises: the roomy mouth of a river 1 is set up on the bank at lowest water level under water, the described mouth of a river is connected by the bottom of outer water channel 10 with the cowling 2 that hydroturbine rotor 9 is installed, the top of described cowling is connected with the bottom of water tank 7 by inner lead 8, the top of described water tank is provided with the compression air chamber 4 identical with the water tank cross section, between described compression air chamber and the described water tank air valve 3 is installed, level sensor 6 is installed in the described water tank, described level sensor is electrically connected with air valve controller 5, and described air valve controller is electrically connected with air valve.
Water column in the water tank is under gravity and water tank upper pressurized air double action, its motion feature is that the damping simple harmonic oscillation is arranged, when the natural frequency of device and the free frequency of wave near the time, water column produces resonance, the amplitude linearity of water column increases, when damping loss reached certain value, amplitude reached maximum value.A lot of wave energy generating sets are all according to this phenomenon design.Yet, discover that the vibration and the Several Parameters of water column are closely related, this Several Parameters mainly is the quality of water body and the elasticity of device.When doing a little periodic disturbance for one in this Several Parameters, the amplitude of water column can the exponentially level increase, and this phenomenon is referred to as parameter resonance.Can know from classical mechanics knowledge, the energy transmission efficiency of parameter resonance is higher than general resonance far away, so an air valve is set on the top of hydroecium, when water column is positioned at highs and lows, air valve cuts out, and when water column was positioned at the neutral position, air valve was opened, so just formed the periodic disturbance of damping parameter, formed the parameter resonance phenomenon together with the wave excitation.To reach the purpose that absorbs wave energy to greatest extent.
The key of the described device of present embodiment is parameter resonance.The parameter of change system can cause parameter resonance.The natural frequency of installing in the systematic parameter is crucial, and the natural frequency of device and the size of device, volume or the like has many contacts.How the natural frequency of modifier is faced with many difficulties, needs the factor selected a lot, and many kinds of modes are also arranged certainly.Present embodiment adopt to change the mode of water tank upper air chamber volume, and in good time increase or reduce to hold in the water tank volume of air part with the natural frequency of this modifier, and is held the opportunity that changes the water tank volume, realizes parameter resonance, effectively catches Wave energy.
Specific practice is to increase a compression air chamber again on the top of water tank, between water tank and compression air chamber, air valve is set, be equivalent to water tank when air valve is opened and increased the volume that holds air, reduce the rigidity of device, when air valve cuts out, be equivalent to water tank and dwindled the volume that holds air, the rigidity of aggrandizement apparatus.Come the natural frequency of modifier with this.But only this changes natural frequency not enough, therefore present embodiment is provided with level sensor in water tank, level sensor and air valve controller are formed an intelligent system water level are detected, and open or close air valve as required, by periodically-varied water tank upper air chamber volume, it is moving that thereby the elasticity that makes air chamber is periodically perturbation, because Marhieu equation is satisfied in the motion of the dynamics of whole device, thereby can reach the purpose of parameter resonance, accelerate the speed of water body vibration, fully caught wave energy.
It is a kind of turnover runner of crossflow turbine rotor that there is the design of water channel the described water turbine of present embodiment both sides, makes when the positive and negative impulse water turbine of current, and rotor can be all the time by a direction rotation.The runner that while optimal design current quicken, the flow velocity when under the acting in conjunction of acceleration channels and parameter resonance, improving the positive and negative both direction impact of current crossflow turbine, thereby the capture rate of raising wave energy.The water channel of water turbine both sides is called inside and outside water channel.Inside and outside water channel can have multiple design, as the loudspeaker curvilinerar figure, or other forms.
Because the wave energy capture rate of existing wave energy generating set is not high,, when strengthening cost, also reduced the anti-disaster striking capabilities of device so in order to reach certain generated output, usually She Ji electricity generating device is oversize.The described device of present embodiment can reduce device size owing to improved the capture rate of wave energy, thereby has strengthened the ability that anti-disaster is hit.
The crossflow turbine rotor is enclosed in the cylindrical cowling, to the wave side water inlet flow channel (outer water channel) is arranged, back of the body wave side has outlet passage (inner lead), connect vertical water tank behind the outlet passage, the water tank upside has segment space to be full of air, upside connects an air chamber by air valve again, and air chamber top can also be provided with safety valve.Under the present embodiment wave force excitation that externally wave moves up and down, guarantee that the crossflow turbine rotor keeps same direction to rotate, import and export the shape of runner and the design of rear portion water tank size by optimizing crossflow turbine simultaneously, reach the purpose of acceleration shock water turbine water velocity, thereby strengthen the output power of water turbine.
Present embodiment can adopt direct drive-type low head water turbine, by the research of rectification accelerating unit, improves the speed of current, and by to hydraulic turbine structure, and the optimal design of vane collocation mode particularly improves the wave energy capture rate of water turbine.
In order to keep in repair with easy for installation, present embodiment is chosen as the bank setting type.Select direct driving low-speed permanent-magnet synchronous generator system for use, generator directly links to each other with turbine shaft.Power generation system has in the past all adopted step-up gear that the low speed low frequency of generator is become the high speed power frequency, but gear-box produces huge noise on the one hand, also reduced simultaneously the utilization ratio of wave energy, novel Wave energy generating system adopts multipole low-speed permanent-magnet synchronous generator, can directly be connected to the grid by power conversion circuit, save step-up gear, thereby can improve the efficient of system, also can reduce the noise of system.
The generator of present embodiment is arranged to be done in the chamber, and the same with conventional water turbine, the leakproof problem can solve.Simultaneously, in doing the chamber, can carry out the maintenance of hydroturbine rotor and generator system easily.
At the anticorrosion and antifouling problem in the ocean, before can adopting water intake, the inlet of present embodiment adds trash rack, and flowing flux and hydroturbine rotor the part regularly mode of brush anticorrosive paint solve.
Present embodiment can be equipped with safety valve on the top of compression air chamber, and when the wave wave amplitude was excessive, safety valve was opened fully, avoids the destruction of wave force to device.In addition, when the wave wave amplitude was excessive, device was submerged in below the water surface fully, can avoid the strike of billow safely.
Embodiment two:
Present embodiment is embodiment one improvement, is the refinement of embodiment's one described outer water channel and inner lead.The described outer water channel of present embodiment is that horn-like curve shrinks shape, and the described mouth of a river is the extension mouth of the outer water channel of horn-like curve contraction, and the position that outer water channel is connected with cowling is outer water channel contraction mouth; Described inner lead is that horn-like curve shrinks shape, and the position that inner lead is connected with cowling is the inner lead contraction mouth, and the position that inner lead is connected with water tank is an extension mouth.
Present embodiment flows the Position Design of inside and outside water channel near cowling for contraction, shrinking flows can quicken the flow velocity of current, can improve the kinetic energy of water impact impeller, and owing to the inner flow velocity height of cowling, outside flow velocity is low simultaneously, and the protection of utilization marine organisms are arranged.The curve shape of design should have the impact of utilization to turbine blade, and the wave energy output power is provided.
Embodiment three:
Present embodiment is embodiment two improvement, is the refinement of embodiment's two described cowlings and hydroturbine rotor.The described cowling of present embodiment is a turning axle level and vertical with the surge direction cylindrical; Described hydroturbine rotor is the crossflow turbine rotor.
The described cowling of present embodiment be one cylindrical, columniform turning axle level is horizontally-arranged, turning axle is vertical with water (flow) direction, is similar to a whippletree and blocks on current.Current are from the outer peripheral surface tangent direction of water turbine, incision impulse water turbine blade, no matter be outer water channel or inner lead, the mouth of a river of impacting impeller is all according to unified tangent direction setting, no matter the current that are turnover so all form impact to the equidirectional rotation of water wheels, Here it is crossflow turbine.
Embodiment four:
Present embodiment is embodiment three improvement, is the refinement of embodiment's three described hydroturbine rotors.The rotating shaft of the described hydroturbine rotor of present embodiment is connected with multistage low-speed permanent-magnet synchronous generator by coupling.
The described hydroturbine rotor of present embodiment directly is connected with generator by shaft coupling, and devices such as speed increaser are no longer installed in the centre.Cut down the number of intermediate links, mechanical efficiency can be provided.The development of modern generator techniques makes the low speed power generation system very ripe, can provide efficient very high low speed electricity generating device, and need not any varying-speed machinery device.
Embodiment five:
Present embodiment is the improvement of the foregoing description, is the refinement of the described compression air chamber of the foregoing description, as shown in Figure 2.The top of the described compression air chamber of present embodiment is equipped with safety valve 11.
Safety valve is a valve of opening automatically, and the pressure when wave amplitude is too big in the compression air chamber is too big, and safety valve is opened automatically, emits portion of air, promptly can start the effect of buffering, also can avoid device by the billow impact failure.
Embodiment six:
Present embodiment is a kind of nearshore wave electricity-generating method based on parameter resonance that uses the described device of the foregoing description.What described method was mainly described is to change systematic parameter, forms the process of disturbance.What described method was described is a surge cycle, i.e. peak from the intermediate point of surge to surge passes through the intermediate point of surge again, and the minimum point that enters surge returns the such one-period of intermediate point of surge.A surge (one-period) of wave be a complexity have a multiple harmonic wave, amplitude and frequency constantly change, and are continuous functions at random.Facts have proved that surge can be similar to regards a sine wave as, and can be similar to think that the amplitude of two adjacent surges of wave is roughly the same.Wave is not a step function, between two surges too big variation can not be arranged.The step of the described method of present embodiment is as follows:
First step: surge begins to pour in cowling from the mouth of a river by outer water channel from the bottom from intermediate point, forms influent stream eddy flow impulse water turbine rotor, and hydroturbine rotor is rotated, and hydroturbine rotor drives generator for electricity generation.As long as current are arranged through cowling in the step below, current are energy impulse water turbine blade just, makes the rotor rotation of water turbine, for simplicity, no longer endures and states.
Second step: the outlet by cowling top behind the surge impact water turbine enters inner lead, enter water tank along inner lead, level sensor in the water tank reaches the air valve controller with water level signal, the air valve controller was confirmed the intermediate point water level in this surge cycle according to the intermediate point water level in a last surge cycle.Because present embodiment is an ongoing process, and thinks that the size between two surges step can not occur, therefore, determining of intermediate point is to compromise according to the highs and lows of water column in water tank of a last surge (cycle) to determine.Though experimental results show that the intermediate point of determining like this is accurate inadequately, meet the requirements fully.
Third step: the air valve controller is confirmed to open air valve behind the intermediate point water level, and the air in the water tank enters compression air chamber by air valve, and the pneumatic spring less rigid of water tank upper plays acceleration to current, can increase the amplitude of flow oscillation.
The 4th step: surge continues to make swelling to go into water tank, and the air in the water tank continues to enter compression air chamber, and when the water level of water tank peaks, the air valve controller is according to level sensor water level records of values water level peak, and closes air valve.Close and make behind the air valve rigidity of pneumatic spring of water tank upper increase, stop water level further to increase, prepare for current move downward.This step record water level peak is very important, because this peak will be an important evidence of calculating the intermediate point of next surge.Closing of air valve reduces the air containment on water column top in the water tank significantly, forms the interference to current, and just variation has taken place the natural frequency of system.
The 5th step: surge falls after rise, water in the water tank flows to cowling by inner lead and forms the backflow eddy flow, the backflow eddy flow is with the identical eddy flow direction impulse water turbine rotor of influent stream eddy flow, hydroturbine rotor drives generator for electricity generation, air in the water tank thins out gradually owing to water flows away, be lower than barometric pressure, disturbed flow.Because at this moment air valve cuts out, thin gradually is the air of water tank upper, does not comprise the air in the compression air chamber, thus convection current to go out the interference of current bigger.Surge falls after rise in this step, because current are that the eddy flow of generation is identical with the direction of influent stream eddy flow, therefore with the identical tangent direction impulse water turbine rotor of influent stream eddy flow, water turbine is with identical direction rotation, and this rotation mode meets the generating requirement of generator fully.
The 6th step: surge continues to fall after rise, water level in the water tank arrives the intermediate point in surge cycle last time, the air valve controller confirms to have arrived the intermediate point in surge cycle last time, open air valve, the pressure gas stream that has in the compression air chamber enters water tank rapidly, balance the air in the water tank, impel current outflow box fast.Determining according to a last surge of intermediate point in this step is definite, and foundation still surge is a continuous function.Opening of air valve increases the air volume of water tank water column top suddenly, and the rigidity of pneumatic spring reduces, and makes that current quicken to move downward.
The 7th step: surge continues to fall after rise, water level in the water tank reaches minimum point, the air valve controller is according to level sensor water level records of values water level minimum point, and compare with the peak of this surge, calculate the intermediate point of this surge, when measured water level reaches lowest water level, close air valve.As previously mentioned, record surge minimum point is also very important in this step.The intermediate point of this surge that calculates is definite foundation of next surge intermediate point.The air valve of cutting out reduces the air containment on water column top in the water tank significantly, forms the interference to current.
The 8th step: the surge rising, the outer water channel impulse water turbine rotor of current warp, and pour in water tank, the air in the water tank begins compression, because the pressure in the water tank strengthens gradually, disturbs change gradually big to the water that flows into.
The 9th step: surge is increased to the intermediate point that this surge has calculated, the air valve controller is confirmed to open air valve behind the intermediate point, and the pressurized air in the water tank enters in the compression air chamber, impels current to enter water tank fast, get back to first step, begin another surge cycle.
The highs and lows of present embodiment record surge, and can significance that calculate intermediate point be to open and close determining of air valve opportunity, also be the key that realize parameter resonance.Present embodiment can reach requirement fully owing to use the air valve controller that has intelligence computation.The variation of the air volume of the formed water tank water column of the switching of air valve top, as shown in Figure 3.Be the variation of a square wave 13, the fluctuation stack with the surge that is similar to sine wave 12 forms parameter perturbation, realizes parameter resonance.
It should be noted that at last, below only unrestricted in order to the explanation the technical solution of the utility model, although the utility model is had been described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement scheme, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement the technical solution of the utility model (such as the form of inside and outside water channel, the selection of water turbine, the sectional shape of air chamber etc.), and not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solutions of the utility model.
Claims (5)
1. nearshore wave electricity generating device based on parameter resonance, comprise: the roomy mouth of a river is set up on the bank at lowest water level under water, the described mouth of a river is connected by the bottom of outer water channel with the cowling that hydroturbine rotor is installed, the top of described cowling is connected with the bottom of water tank by inner lead, it is characterized in that, the top of described water tank is provided with the compression air chamber identical with the water tank cross section, between described compression air chamber and the described water tank air valve is installed; In the described water tank level sensor is installed, described level sensor is electrically connected with the air valve controller, and described air valve controller is electrically connected with air valve.
2. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described outer water channel is that horn-like curve shrinks shape, and the described mouth of a river is the extension mouth of the outer water channel of horn-like curve contraction, and the position that outer water channel is connected with cowling is outer water channel contraction mouth; Described inner lead is that horn-like curve shrinks shape, and the position that inner lead is connected with cowling is the inner lead contraction mouth, and the position that inner lead is connected with water tank is an extension mouth.
3. device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described cowling is a turning axle level and vertical with the surge direction cylindrical; Described hydroturbine rotor is the crossflow turbine rotor.
4. device according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the rotating shaft of described hydroturbine rotor is connected with multistage low-speed permanent-magnet synchronous generator by coupling.
5. according to the described device of one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the top of described compression air chamber is equipped with safety valve.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011200749375U CN201972833U (en) | 2011-03-21 | 2011-03-21 | Inshore wave generator based on parameter resonance |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011200749375U CN201972833U (en) | 2011-03-21 | 2011-03-21 | Inshore wave generator based on parameter resonance |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102108933A (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2011-06-29 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Coastal wave energy power generating system with parametric resonance |
| CN102434368A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-05-02 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Broadband wave energy capturing device and design method for wave power generation |
| CN102828890A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2012-12-19 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | Hydroelectric generating set for micro-head hydroenergy development |
| WO2019056738A1 (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-03-28 | 李晓亮 | Wave power generator with tapering passage |
| CN113882992A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-04 | 江苏科技大学 | Floating wave-absorbing and power-generating integrated device based on internal cavity water wave resonance |
-
2011
- 2011-03-21 CN CN2011200749375U patent/CN201972833U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102108933A (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2011-06-29 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Coastal wave energy power generating system with parametric resonance |
| CN102434368A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-05-02 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Broadband wave energy capturing device and design method for wave power generation |
| CN102434368B (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-12-18 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Broadband wave energy capturing device and design method for wave power generation |
| CN102828890A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2012-12-19 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | Hydroelectric generating set for micro-head hydroenergy development |
| CN102828890B (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2016-04-20 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | A kind of hydro-generating Unit for micro-head waterpower development |
| WO2019056738A1 (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-03-28 | 李晓亮 | Wave power generator with tapering passage |
| CN113882992A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-04 | 江苏科技大学 | Floating wave-absorbing and power-generating integrated device based on internal cavity water wave resonance |
| CN113882992B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2024-04-12 | 江苏科技大学 | Floating wave-absorbing and power-generating integrated device based on internal cavity water wave resonance |
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