CN201932814U

CN201932814U - Multi-type reverse scissors grab

Info

Publication number: CN201932814U
Application number: CN2010206321732U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨礼琚
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-11-21
Filing date: 2010-11-21
Publication date: 2011-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 2020-11-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-type reverse scissors grab which is characterized in that a basic grab body comprises a cross beam, a jaw board or a claw, scissor handles and an articulated shaft, wherein the jaw board or the claw and the scissor handles are connected and articulated on the cross beam through the articulated shaft; when the two scissor handles swing downwards in the opposite directions, the grab is closed; when the two scissor handles are folded relatively upwards, the grab is opened. A double-rope or four-rope reverse scissors grab and a reverse scissors timber grab are formed through the matching of pulley blocks and booster pulley blocks formed by winding closed wire ropes and support wire ropes arranged on the scissor handles of the cross beam; a reverse scissors electric motor grab is formed through an elevating electric hoist or a winch arranged on the cross beam; and a reverse scissors electric hydraulic grab is formed through a hydraulic transmission device arranged on the cross beam.

Description

The grab bucket of inverted scissor type polymorphic type

Technical field

The utility model relates to grab bucket, is the load-engaging device in hoisting crane of attaching troops to a unit; Be that the various materials luggage that grasps, goes forward side by side is carried, unloads and employed grab bucket during various operation such as accumulation.

Background technology

The grab bucket that is widely used at present still is traditional arm-tie type grab bucket.In recent years, more existing later-model grab buckets are used in exploitation, also also have some new patented technologies to occur, but the market advantage status of the arm-tie type grab bucket of all failing to break traditions.Though its reason is because these novel grab buckets or up-to-date technology have had many improvement and innovation, itself still exists the critical defect that hinders them to put it over and use..To classify by their keystone configuration feature and their merits and faults made analyze and relatively existing various representational grab buckets below.

The first kind: traditional arm-tie type grab bucket.The tradition arm-tie type grab bucket principal character be bucket body around four long struts are arranged, the upper end of every strut and deck beam (headstock) are hinged, lower end and jaw are hinged.The major advantage of tradition arm-tie type grab bucket is easy to operate reliable with work, the less in the course of the work situation that causes operation to be interrupted because of breaking down.Its shortcoming is:

1. complex structure is made and maintenance difficult, and the life-span is short.This is because the hinge-point in the grab bucket is too many, except the hinge-point of two common jaws and through beam, the hinge-point that is used for fixing two assembly pulley supports on eight hinge-points of four struts and deck beam and the through beam is still arranged, even the fixed end of closed rope also is a hinge-point.These hinge-points are owing to be to be distributed in the solid space position, again because its mechanism forms by a plurality of rod members are hinged, necessarily require the relative position of each hinge-point on the strut and the cooperation of anchor bearing all to reach correctly during manufacturing, otherwise the open and close action of grab bucket is normally carried out.But because the mutual width between centers of these hinge-points is very big, and interrelated again constraint, be difficult to during manufacturing the bearing hole of these hinge-points is accomplished accurate processing, promptly allow to precision machining, but when work, because they all are to bear heavy lift and each strut and hinge-point thereof mostly again to be the outermost that are positioned at bucket body, to be easy to bump with peripheral obstacle, cause the position in each anchor bearing hole to be easy to change.In order to compensate above-mentioned these errors, bearing hole needs to strengthen with the tolerance clearance of axle.And can cause impact because tolerance clearance is excessive, add the infiltration of material particles, yet can't solve normal lubricated and sealing problem at present, so service conditions very severe of each anchor bearing, the bearing of each hinge-point in fact all is to be under the nonideal condition to work, this just has been doomed these hinge-points and can not adopts the standard antifriction-bearing box finished product with longer life as member, so the life-span of each anchor bearing is very short.And if these anchor bearing undue wear or damages because the general user can't have the working condition of original manufacturer, so unusual difficulty when repairing.Practical experience shows, each hinge point is not only bearing hole and axle is worn, also have each slide relative end face of hinge point also to be subjected to sharp wear, can not only adopt during repairing to change hinge and add the such straightforward procedure of benefit axle sleeve and repair, it must carry out hinge point all or the local excision and the new material of burn-oning, and then process, but usually original manufacturer adopted like this manufacturing dimension and reference element all can't really be judged by Quasi.So normally can not return to original state of the art, so that cause scrapping too early of grab bucket, thereby operating cost are very high.

2.. the bucket body center of gravity is too high, and is stable inadequately during work, both influenced capacity rating, causes bucket body to damage and shorten the life-span of closed rope again easily.This is because the deck beam of traditional arm-tie type grab bucket need have sizable weight, and four struts and top sheave group are also occupied sizable weight in addition.When grab bucket is shelved on the stockpile when grasping material, because in most cases, bank can not be complete level, so the grab bucket majority is to be under the bevelled situation to work, particularly when carrying out stevedoring operations, because the equipment performance of most of grab cranes that adopt at present a lot of harbours is limited, the driver often can not directly see grab bucket situation belowdecks when operation, can only operate according to the hand signal that the commanding sent of less important work, such operating mode is to guarantee that each operation can both be accurate certainly, makes grab bucket run-off the straight or overturning so the center of gravity of grab bucket is just easier when too high.And the damage that the inclination of grab bucket or overturning just cause bucket body easily, particularly because closed rope must pass the pilot hole of deck beam, thus can produce very big lateral pressure to the closure rope, thus be easy to the closure rope is caused big damage.Though arm-tie type grab bucket generally is equiped with rope guide at present, can not solve the damageable problem of closed rope at all.

Second class: with the scissors grab is the novel grab bucket of representative, and its essential characteristic is: the bucket body profile is similar to scissor, constitutes scissor; The hinge-point of two jaws only has one or two; Their the square sheet of paper used for painting or calligraphy method of opening is the jaw of grabbing bucket to be connected with hanging beam with four hoist cables by a hanging beam to realize.Belong to also having of this class grab bucket: torsion grab, clamp grab, also comprise some patented technologies that occur in recent years, as: constant force shear type grab bucket (CN 1587016A) and duplex type inverted scissor type grab bucket (CN 2110660U) etc.

The life of this class grab bucket wants advantage to be: grasp energy force rate tradition arm-tie type grab bucket height: the grab bucket structure is simple relatively; The bucket body center of gravity is lower, and is more stable during extracting; Be easy to make and maintenance; The life-span of bucket body and closed rope is longer.But it has following critical defect:

1. use and operate too to bother, functional reliability is poor.This be since this grab bucket open the bucket mechanism make the grab bucket above a hanging beam is arranged and at bucket body all around around four arrangement of mechanism modes that hoist cable is such, this not only seems very loaded down with trivial details, and when operation, owing to before beginning extracting, need earlier hanging beam and hoist cable to be fallen, make it be in relaxed state.And in closing course, cut but upwards rising and drawing close relatively for two of grab bucket, so, hanging beam or hoist cable just might fall in two neutral gears of cutting between the handle in certain direction, cause it partly or entirely to be cut clamping by two, can cause hanging beam or hoist cable to damage when serious, thereby have to withdraw from operation, the light bucket body that also can twine causes operation disruption.Therefore it is collaborative mutually that crane driver must pay special attention to make the operation of closed rope and the operation of supporting rope when operation, so as to avoid an accident, and do not need usually to do like this when the operation arm-tie type grab bucket.Such operating mode both can increase the labour intensity of crane driver, also can influence giving full play to of production efficiency.Particularly when the stevedoring operations at harbour,, can't directly see the grab bucket state as if crane driver as above-mentioned, in the time of only leaning on the hand signal that the commanding the sent operation of less important work, the easier generation of this unforeseen circumstances.This is because grab bucket might not all be to be in desirable upright and stabilized conditions belowdecks, and in fact majority is to be in heeling condition, even 360 ° roll can occur surpassing, and grab bucket and hanging beam also can swing back and forth and turn round, and state is varied.So the operation of this grab bucket and use are convenient inadequately and not enough failure-freies.Here it is, and this class grab bucket can't obtain the major cause of widespread use so far;

2. the Duo Shuo jaw jointed shaft that scissors grab adopted need bear moment of torsion, and its structure is comparatively complicated, is difficult for design and manufacturing; What torsion grab adopted is the asymmetric mechanism form in a kind of left and right sides, and the extracting amount of the right and left is also asymmetric when grasping material, and its profile and mode of operation thereof can make the people feel loaded down with trivial details and uncomfortable; The closed steel rope of clamp grab can contact material in the extracting process, its hanging beam seems oversize.Above-mentioned these also are that part is improved in this class grab bucket inadequately.

This be necessary to mention all the other two kinds with the related novel grab bucket of above-mentioned two classes: 1.. short arm-tie type grab bucket (CN 1850573A) 2.. push-type grab bucket (CN 1271686A).These two kinds of grab buckets have the structural attitude of above-mentioned first and second liang of classes grab bucket simultaneously concurrently, and are more complicated at the traditional arm-tie type grab bucket of textural ratio, so they can have the shortcoming that above-mentioned those appropriate sections are mentioned.

In addition, also need mention one be different from above-mentioned, the patent (CN85200892U) of inverted scissor type grab bucket by name, the grab bucket of this kind technology remains in many places inadequately rationally and practical inadequately place textural, so it does not obtain practical application so far.

The utility model content

In view of the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to be provided at the grab bucket that the main performance aspect is better than prior art and does not have following 5 technical schemes of above-mentioned shortcoming:

1. the grab bucket of technical scheme 1 (two rope inverted scissor type grab bucket) is characterized in that having: left half bucket body and right half bucket body, a crossbeam and four assembly pulleys that are made of several pulleys and axle; About two and half bucket bodies be hinged on jointly on the crossbeam with jointed shaft, form the bucket body that can hold material, if hinge-point is that it is right that hinge point then is provided with quadrant gear when being separated at 2; The feature of a left side half bucket body and right half bucket body is: be made of fusing with cutting jaw, the middle part is a hinged seat, and the top of hinged seat is cut the end is provided with assembly pulley axle bed and hanger for cutting handle, and the bottom of hinged seat is a jaw; The line at its center, pulley axle bed hole to center, hinged seat hole and the closing point of jaw to the angle between the line at center, hinged seat hole are not more than 120 °; The feature of crossbeam is: its length direction and grab bucket open that direction is identical, the bottom surface is straight carrier bar, the cross-sectional outling of beam is flute profile or rectangle, two ends have the axle bed of installing assembly pulley, the centre is provided with the hinged axle bed that is used for hinged half bucket body, and the center of hinged axle bed is higher than the center of assembly pulley axle bed; The Hua Lun Zu Chan of assembly pulley on crossbeam that will cut handle with a closed rope is around the close mechanism of forming grab bucket, and its fag end two ends link together with the collar; Support rope (or chain) to be separately fixed on the left and right hanger of cutting, support the other end of rope to link together with the collar with two again for two.

2. the feature of the grab bucket of technical scheme 2 (grab bucket of four rope inverted scissor types) is: as the grab bucket of technical scheme 1, increase is provided with the leading sheave device that two energy are drawn the closure rope separately between the assembly pulley at crossbeam two ends; Can be directly after closed end is derived be connected with winch cable wire on the hoisting crane.

3. the grab bucket of technical scheme 3 (inverted scissor type timber grab): as the grab bucket of technical scheme 2, but its jaw position is to be made of several grippers.

4. the feature of the grab bucket of technical scheme 4 (grab bucket of inverted scissor type electro-motor) is: as the grab bucket of technical scheme 2, be installed on the electric block or compound type winch and the upper frame that are used to drive the closed rope of grab bucket usefulness on crossbeam, the closed end in the grab bucket directly is fixed on the reel of winch; Electric block can adopt the finished product on the market basically, and its installation site is to be fixed on the upper frame; The compound type winch then is a kind of hoisting mechanism that is designed to have the particular job performance voluntarily, and it is made up of major parts such as electrical motor, retarder, drg, coupler and reel, drum shaft bearing and supports, and it is directly installed on the crossbeam; The feature of upper frame is: have four supporting legs that are fixed on the crossbeam, supporting leg top is a chest that is equiped with the electrical control part, and the below of this chest is provided with the fixedly seat board of used for electric hoist.

5. the grab bucket of technical scheme 5 (inverted scissor type electric hydraulic bucket) is characterised in that: have: left half bucket body and right half bucket body, a crossbeam that is equiped with a complete set of electro hydraulic system of Hydraulic Station, hydraulic actuating cylinder and electrohydraulic control element; Left and right two and half bucket bodies separately are hinged on the crossbeam with jointed shaft, form the bucket body that can hold material; The feature of left and right half bucket body is: by cutting and jaw fuses and constitutes, the centre is a hinged seat, the top of hinged seat is to cut handle, the bottom is a jaw, the end of cutting handle is provided with the piston pole socket that is used to connect the hydraulic cylinder piston rod end, the top is provided with the fixing hanger of supporting rope, cuts the closing point of the line at the center, piston pole socket hole of end to center, hinged seat hole and jaw to the angle between the line at center, hinged seat hole is not more than 120 °; The end face of piston pole socket is provided with protective cover plate; The feature of crossbeam is: its length direction and grab bucket open that direction is identical, the bottom surface is straight and osed top box girder all around; The middle part of beam is provided with two hinged seats; The inside of beam is equiped with by Hydraulic Station and electric and hydraulic control component and turnover line elements, the top be provided with mounting that hydraulic actuating cylinder and immobile liquid cylinder pressure use and can with the Connection Block that is connected with hoisting crane; The crossbeam end face is detouchable, the cover plate on sealing Wall limit is arranged around it.

The effect of utility model

1. the effect of the grab bucket of technical scheme 1: 1.. can improve the extracting performance of grab bucket.This can find out in the existing scissors grab of contrast.Because it all is to want nationality to help to cut handle to send closed moment with respect to hinge-point that this grab bucket and existing scissors grab produce the method for grasp force, closed moment is big more, means that grasp force is big more, and it is good more just to grasp performance.But the generation of closed moment except being equally relies on the closed moment that effect produced of reinforcement assembly pulley, also should be considered other factors.By contrast, this grab bucket still has the favorable factor of three aspects to the generation of closed moment: this grab bucket of a. is by means of the effect of crossbeam, when beginning to grasp, grab bucket just obtained bigger shearing arm (closed each branch of rope makes a concerted effort to the distance at jointed shaft center), and in the extracting process, shearing arm on each mutual correspondence position is all the time greater than the shearing arm of scissors grab, when arriving closed terminal point till.And under the same conditions, the shearing arm is big more, and its closed moment is also big more; B. owing to cutting the position had weight, and concerning scissors grab, because grab bucket need consume a part of closed moment and will cut mentioning when closed, this has just played and has reduced the ill-effect that produces the grab bucket digging force, and this grab bucket is just in time opposite, during work its to cut the weight at position be to play the effect that increases closed moment, this anti-and the positive result that differs can make this grab bucket demonstrate very big superior effect; C. the hanging beam parts that are used to out bucket in the scissors grab directly do not link to each other with bucket body, its shared weight is to the generation of closed moment and cut little ice, the own wt that is to say grab bucket can not fully be utilized, and there is not such situation in this grab bucket.As can be seen from the above analysis, the drawing that length is identical, deadweight is identical, cut and other condition more identical than (the hinge-point center is to cutting the centre distance of assembly pulley and the ratio of hinge-point center to the distance of jaw closing point) when identical of identical when cutting of the two multiplying power identical length, the reinforcement assembly pulley, closed rope, the extracting ability of this grab bucket can be better than existing scissors grab.And generally believed that now scissors grab is being to surpass traditional arm-tie type grab bucket aspect total extracting ability, therefore can think that the extracting ability of this grab bucket also can surpass traditional arm-tie type grab bucket;

2.. overcome scissors grab and opened the existing critical defect of square sheet of paper used for painting or calligraphy formula.This is because the square sheet of paper used for painting or calligraphy formula of opening that this grab bucket is adopted is to support rope directly to be fixed on the top that handle is cut in grab bucket, and in the extracting process, cutting of this grab bucket moving downward, support the slackness of rope automatically to reduce and trend towards stretching state with a process that moves downward of cutting, so support rope to be not easy to disturb, thereby can not have above-mentioned second class grab bucket convenient inadequately and not enough failure-free critical defect when operation and use with bucket body;

3.. and since grab bucket when closed cutting of this grab bucket draw in downwards being, and the leading point of closed rope is also very close to hinge-point, rather than be to draw as arm-tie type grab bucket from the top of bucket body, from such construction features as can be seen, comparing with the grab bucket of all appropriate levels at present, this grab bucket is all can be significantly less than existing various grab buckets at the oneself height of bucket body or the bottom-to-top-height of adding after closed rope is drawn.Such effect is: can reduce the hoisting depth requirement to hoisting crane when using this grab bucket, thereby enlarge the Applicable scope of grab bucket;

4.. the closure rope of this grab bucket is difficult for brushing up against bucket body when drawing, and does not have the condition that can produce accelerate the failure as arm-tie type grab bucket, so the closure rope of this grab bucket has the long life-span;

5.. comparing with the arm-tie type grab bucket of appropriate level, is that this grab bucket all has lower center of gravity when opening or when closed, the stability when therefore having improved work widely;

6.. because the bucket moment of opening of this grab bucket is to minimum from maximum, therefore it is easy that it has out bucket capacity, and when holding the bucket termination, can as existing grab bucket, not produce very big impact, so just, can avoid taking place as existing grab bucket, impacting the too big situation that occurs damage easily when struggling against because of opening, and have this advantage just because of this grab bucket, add the support of crossbeam, just can accomplish in articulated mounting, to adopt standard antifriction-bearing box finished product easily as member, so this grab bucket has long service life with high-wearing feature;

7.. because this grab bucket does not need to be provided with a lot of hinge point as traditional arm-tie type grab bucket, so manufacturing and maintenance work are all than being easier to, and when operation, if grab bucket bumps with peripheral obstacle, this grab bucket can not damage or fault because of hinge point too much is easy to generate as traditional arm-tie type grab bucket yet, and this has just improved the reliability that uses;

8.. comprehensive as can be seen above-mentioned, the cost of this grab bucket aspect use, manufacturing and maintenance all can be lower than traditional arm-tie type grab bucket.

2. the effect of the grab bucket of technical scheme 2 is: applicable to four rope hoisting cranes, and have the effect identical with technical scheme 1.

3. the grab bucket of technical scheme 3; The timber grab that obtains widespread use is derived out by arm-tie type grab bucket at present, and in the arm-tie type grab bucket intrinsic shortcoming also can be present in the existing timber grab, so, by contrast, the effect of the grab bucket of the technical program also correspondingly is equal to the effect of technical scheme 1, especially aspect the extracting characteristic, the extracting performance of existing timber grab is the highest when being beginning, along with the extracting process, it grasps performance and can more and more reduce, from experience as can be known, in the extracting process, closed moment is need be increasing, and therefore the extracting characteristic of existing grab bucket can not adapt to actual needs fully, and this grab bucket just has suitable big closed moment when then can be implemented in beginning, along with the extracting process, its closed moment can become increasing, and this is to adapt to actual needs, so the extracting characteristic of this grab bucket can be better than existing timber grab.

4. the grab bucket of technical scheme 4: the electro-motor grab bucket of also only being derived out by arm-tie type grab bucket at present obtains widespread use, this grab bucket can have the inherent defect of arm-tie type grab bucket equally, so the effect of the grab bucket of the technical program also respective description with technical scheme 1 is identical, especially the effect for the bucket body height aspect of the electro-motor grab bucket of adopting the compound type hoisting mechanism is more remarkable.This is because the set hoisting mechanism of this grab bucket is installed on the crossbeam, be derivatized to the electro-motor grab bucket from common grab bucket after, the overall height of grab bucket can not produce big influence, and because the hoisting mechanism of existing electro-motor grab bucket is the top that directly is installed in deck beam, its bucket body is equivalent to directly increase a winch at top, and because the weight of winch is very big, this just makes its bucket body and all seem unusual height of height of gravitational center, so that produces more disadvantageous result.

5. the grab bucket of technical scheme 5: except that the effect of 1 respective description of the scheme of possessing skills, it also has following effect: 1., struggling against when opening of grab bucket is when supporting that by employing the operation of rope realizes, actuating device just can adopt the hydraulic actuating cylinder of unidirectional action to replace common two-way function hydraulic actuating cylinder, so both can reduce manufacturing cost, can prolong the life-span of hydraulic efficiency pressure system again, and can energy savings; 2. because the easy colliding part of hydraulic actuating cylinder is provided with protecting cover, its below has the shielding of crossbeam again, so hydraulic actuating cylinder can obtain more protection easily, hydraulic actuating cylinder is difficult for on every side obstacle direct impact and impaired during operation, and this protected mode can be more simpler and convenient than currently used mode; 3.. the arrangement of this kind hydraulic efficiency pressure system can be accomplished the leakage fluid of hydraulic actuating cylinder is collected easily, and the leakage owing to hydraulic actuating cylinder and hydraulic tubing causes environment and material to be subjected to contamination of heavy when operation thereby can reduce.

Description of drawings

The two hinge grab bucket of two rope inverted scissor types of accompanying drawing 1. technical schemes 1 standard-sized sheet front elevation (on), closed rope winding figure (in), ` shaft side figure (descending).

The two rope inverted scissor type lists hinge grab bucket full cut-off front elevations of accompanying drawing 2. technical schemes 1 (on), closed rope winding figure (in), ` shaft side figure (descending).

Four rope inverted scissor types of accompanying drawing 3. technical schemes 2 grab bucket half-open front elevation (on), closed rope winding figure (in), ` shaft side figure (descending).

The inverted scissor type timber grab standard-sized sheet front elevation of accompanying drawing 4 technical schemes 3 (on), closed rope winding figure (in), ` shaft side figure (descending).

The inverted scissor type timber grab full cut-off front elevation of accompanying drawing 5. technical schemes 3 (on), ` shaft side figure (descending).

The inverted scissor type electro-motor of accompanying drawing 6. technical schemes 4 grab bucket (electric block type) half-open front elevation (on), closed rope winding figure (in), ` shaft side figure (descending).

The inverted scissor type electro-motor of accompanying drawing 7. technical schemes 4 grab bucket (compound type elevator type) half-open front elevation (on), compound type winch exemplary plot (in), ` shaft side figure (descending).

The inverted scissor type electric hydraulic bucket full cut-off front elevation of accompanying drawing 8 technical schemes 5 (on) `, ` shaft side figure (descending).

The inverted scissor type electric hydraulic bucket standard-sized sheet front elevation of accompanying drawing 9. technical schemes 5 (on), ` shaft side figure (descending).

Description of reference numerals

1; Crossbeam, 2: left half bucket body, 2a; Handle is cut on a left side, 2aa: left protected type is cut handle, 2b: left jaw, 2ba; Left side gripper, 3; Right half bucket body, 3a; Handle is cut on the right side, 3aa; Right protected type is cut handle, 3b: right jaw, 3ba; Right gripper, 4: jointed shaft, 5: crossbeam assembly pulley, 6; Cut an assembly pulley, 7: closed rope, 8: support rope, 9: quadrant gear, 10: the collar, 11: leading sheave, 12: electric block, 13: compound type winch, 13a: electrical motor direct connection retarder, 13b; Reel, 13c: drum shaft bearing, 13d: support, 14: upper frame, 15: Hydraulic Station, 16: hydraulic actuating cylinder, 17: hydraulic actuating cylinder hinged seat, 18: Connection Block.

The specific embodiment

1. two rope inverted scissor type grab buckets of technical scheme 1

Accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2 are represented two hinge formulas and two kinds of two rope inverted scissor type grab buckets of single hinge formula respectively, the difference of two kinds of grab buckets is that two hinge formula grab buckets have two hinge-points, single hinge formula grab bucket then has only a hinge-point, two in addition hinge formula grab buckets are provided with quadrant gear 9, quadrant gear is meshing with each other about during installation, to be used for guaranteeing that the on-off action of two and half bucket bodies is synchronous, single hinge formula grab bucket does not then have quadrant gear 9.The bucket body constructive method of this pair hinge formula or the grab bucket of single hinge formula is to be hinged to one by a left side half bucket body 2 and right half bucket body 3 jointly by jointed shaft 4 and crossbeam 1 can open or the closed bucket body that also can load and unload material; Jaw on a left side half bucket body 2 and right half bucket body 3 and cutting fusing, the middle part is a hinged seat, left half bucket body 2 cuts a 2a by a left side and left jaw 2b forms.Right half bucket body 3 cuts a 3a by the right side and right jaw 3b forms, an end of respectively cutting is respectively arranged with cuts an assembly pulley 6, and the line at its center, assembly pulley axle bed hole to hinge-point center and the closing point of jaw are not more than 120 ° to the angle β between the line at center, hinged seat hole.Two ends, crossbeam 1 left and right sides respectively are provided with crossbeam assembly pulley 5 and cut last cutting the assembly pulley 6 common reinforcement assembly pulleys that make grab bucket closed of forming.Center, hinged seat hole need be higher than the center in assembly pulley axle bed hole usually on the crossbeam, cuts having suitable width between centers between assembly pulley 6 and the crossbeam assembly pulley 5 so that can make, and the multiplying power of assembly pulley then need be determined by actual requirement.Four assembly pulleys need be pressed the closure rope winding shown in the accompanying drawing one with closed steel rope 7 and twine, and link together with the two ends of the collar with steel rope 7 again.In addition, cut an end two, each supports rope 8 to connect with one, supports the end of rope still to adopt the collar to connect.Two collars of grab bucket then are connected the back pulling by the closed rope on the hoisting crane respectively with the support rope, can realize the on-off action of grabbing bucket.When needs are closed with grab bucket, the winch on the hoisting crane will support that rope puts down and closed Suo Laqi; When the needs grab bucket is opened, then be that rope is supported in tension, put down closed rope simultaneously.Its mechanism kinematic mode is: when grab bucket was closed, a left side was cut a 2a and the right side and is cut 3a is separated from each other to lower swing, then is that upwards swing is drawn close mutually when opening bucket.

2. four rope inverted scissor types of technical scheme 2 grab bucket

Grab bucket for the four rope inverted scissor types that the technical program provided as shown in Figure 3, its structure is identical with the technical scheme 1 shown in the accompanying drawing 1 (two rope inverted scissor type grab bucket) with mechanism principle, but in crossbeam 1, installed two leading sheaves 11 more, and two closed ropes have been drawn according to the closure rope winding shown in the accompanying drawing 3.Like this, comprise that two are supported rope 8 to have together that four steel ropes are drawn so that can and support that rope be connected respectively with the closed rope of four rope hoisting cranes.

3. the inverted scissor type timber grab of technical scheme 3

Inverted scissor type timber grab shown in accompanying drawing 4 and accompanying drawing 5, its constructive method is identical with the two rope inverted scissor type lists hinge grab bucket shown in the accompanying drawing 2, and the jaw 2b of difference shown in only on accompanying drawing 2 and this position of jaw 3b are made two into and be suitable for grasping gripper 2c and two gripper 3c that log is used.

Should point out that at this this inverted scissor type timber grab only is a representative pattern in the technical program, because the shape that it can also be by changing gripper and the method for quantity, making the grab bucket that is used to grasp other kind material, as the rectangle grab bucket etc.

4. the inverted scissor type electro-motor of technical scheme 4 grab bucket

It shown in accompanying drawing 6 and the accompanying drawing 7 the inverted scissor type electro-motor grab bucket of two kinds of patterns of the technical program.The principle of work of these two kinds of grab buckets all is that the hoisting mechanism that is installed in the grab bucket is controlled and driven to the power supply that utilization is introduced from hoisting crane, so that grab bucket is closed.Winch when opening bucket in the grab bucket only need loosen closed rope 7.In other words, be that hoisting crane is the support rope 8 in the pulling grab bucket, the closure rope 7 of grab bucket is then by the hoisting mechanism pull-up of grab bucket self or put down.

The pattern of two kinds of inverted scissor type electro-motor grab buckets of this programme is divided into electric block type (accompanying drawing 6) and compound type elevator type (accompanying drawing 7).It is electronic that to sprout reed type inverted scissor type electro-motor grab bucket be that the standard electric block 12 that will sell the weight that is used to hoist on the market is contained in upper frame 14, be contained in together then on the crossbeam 1 that meets the similar structure of accompanying drawing 3 (grab bucket of four rope inverted scissor types), Access Control and power cable get final product from the hoisting crane at last.But the electronic Lu Bixu of sprouting that chooses meets the structure and the performance requriements of this grab bucket.The aufbauprinciple of compound type elevator type electro-motor grab bucket is similar with the grab bucket of electric block type electro-motor, and just its closure rope actuating device is not complete standardized product usually, but the compound type winch 13 that forms by many product mixes.As shown in Figure 7 be a kind of typical combination mode, it comprises electrical motor direct connection retarder 13a (cake is closed in inside electric brake, have on the market standardized product sell), cog-wheel coupling (is contained in reel inside, not shown in the accompanying drawing), reel 13b, drum shaft bearing 13c and support 13d etc.That adopts that these parts form can be used to drive the closure rope of grab bucket the complete winch of cover.But this cover winch must directly be contained on the crossbeam 1.Be noted that the unit owing to this combination, its reel is not usually in the center of grab bucket, so the leading sheave 11 on the crossbeam 1 also should be installed with the position of reel.Upper frame 14 on the accompanying drawing 8 has two purposes, and the one, play the protective effect at top, touch the weak part of winch to avoid supporting to restrict; The 2nd, as the switch box use of installing electrical control part.

For preventing electromotor overload, stroke protection switch and overload protection device (not shown in the accompanying drawing) are housed on crossbeam 1.By accompanying drawing 7 and accompanying drawing 8 as can be seen, there is abundant and suitable position that various electric protective devices are installed on the crossbeam 1.

Adopt the grab bucket of combined electric motor can give full play to the performance of grab bucket and can not be subjected to the performance limitations of electric block single product.

The technical program only proposes the electro-motor grab bucket of two kinds of basic versions, groundwork according to the grab bucket of inverted scissor type electro-motor, can also there be more assembled scheme, its electrical motor, retarder and reel etc. can have various arrangements, but they all must adopt crossbeam 1 as the supporting basis.

5. the inverted scissor type electric hydraulic bucket of technical scheme 5

Accompanying drawing 8 and accompanying drawing 9 are depicted as the inverted scissor type electric hydraulic bucket of this programme.This electric hydraulic bucket is made up of crossbeam 1, left half bucket body 2, right half bucket body 3, jointed shaft 4, Hydraulic Station 15, hydraulic actuating cylinder 16, hydraulic actuating cylinder hinged seat 17, Connection Block 18 and support rope 8 etc.A left side half bucket body 2 and right half bucket body 3 can open or the closed bucket body that also can hold material by jointed shaft 4 common being hinged to crossbeam 1.A left side half bucket body 2 can be identical with right half bucket body 3, and the jaw on it fuses with the handle of cutting that is provided with protective cover plate, and the middle part is a hinged seat, and left half bucket body 2 cuts a 2aa by left protected type and left jaw 2b forms.Right half bucket body 3 cuts a 3aa by right protected type and right jaw 3b forms, left side protected type is cut 2aa and right protected type cut the end of 3aa is provided with the hydraulic actuating cylinder hinged seat, the end is provided with hanger, and two cut the closing point of the line at last center, hydraulic actuating cylinder hinged seat hole to hinge-point center and jaw is not more than 120 ° to the angle β between the line at center, hinged seat hole.It is pointed out that crossbeam 1 not only is used for hinged with left half bucket body 2 and right half bucket body 3, also needs the usefulness as installing Hydraulic Station 15, hydraulic actuating cylinder 16, hydraulic actuating cylinder hinged seat 17 and Connection Block 18.The major part of Hydraulic Station has annexes (not shown in the accompanying drawing) such as electrical motor, Hydraulic Pump, hydraulic reservoir, various fluid control valve and hydraulic tubing.Crossbeam 1 should be made box type construction, and its cover is detachable, and surrounding edge is set around the cover, so that can collect and introduce the oil that leaks in the hydraulic reservoir; A plurality of spacing containers can be made at length direction in crossbeam 1 inside, are respectively applied for installing hydraulic reservoir, motor-Hydraulic Pump group, hydraulic valve bank and electrical control part etc.Just to make crossbeam 1 both had can with bucket body pivotally attached function, be again a Hydraulic Station simultaneously.The end face of crossbeam 1 is fixed with hydraulic actuating cylinder hinged seat 17 and Connection Block 18.Connection Block 18 is used to connect hoisting crane.Cylinder body one end and the hydraulic actuating cylinder hinged seat 17 of two hydraulic actuating cylinders 16 of the open and close of realization grab bucket are hinged; Rod end is then hinged with the piston pole socket of cutting the end, and other has two to support rope 8 to cut the hanger of end is linked to each other with left and right two respectively, and what be used for realizing grabbing bucket opens.Connection Block 18 also can directly be connected with hoisting crane.When adopt Connection Block 18 directly with situation that hoisting crane links to each other under, the open and close of grab bucket all needs to have the promotion of beidirectional hydraulic actuating cylinder 5, but such connection side's rule can be used on the less hoisting crane of lifting altitude.If do not adopt Connection Block 18, support rope 8 to link to each other but use instead with hoisting crane, the grab bucket open then can rely on the grab bucket own wt effect, and needn't lean on hydraulic cylinder power, in this case, just can adopt the hydraulic actuating cylinder of unidirectional action to drive, but hydraulic control circuit need have the control corresponding function.

About needing to control the methods such as protection of two hydraulic cylinder synchronous and hydraulic efficiency pressure system in the hydraulic efficiency pressure system, there has been proven technique to adopt, lock is stated in this manual.Should point out that at this only proposed the general-duty pattern in technical scheme of this inverted scissor type electric hydraulic bucket, it can also be developed to the grab bucket of other pattern.Its method is to change jaw 2b and jaw 3b into two grippers or a plurality of gripper, just can as the inverted scissor type timber grab of above-mentioned technical scheme 3, become the timber grab of another kind of pattern like this, as electric hydaulic timber grab and the grab bucket of electric hydaulic rectangle etc.

Claims

1. grab bucket is characterized in that having: crossbeam 1, left side half bucket body 2, the right side half bucket body 3, two cover crossbeam assembly pulleys 5, two covers are cut an assembly pulley 6; Adopt jointed shaft 4 to be hinged on a left side half bucket body 2 and right half bucket body 3 on the crossbeam 1 jointly or separately; Crossbeam assembly pulley 5 is arranged on crossbeam 1 two ends; Cut assembly pulley 6 is installed in cutting 2a and the end of cutting 3a of left and right half bucket body respectively; Adopt a closed rope 7 quadruplet Hua Lun Zu Chan winding to be become the switching mechanism of grab bucket;

The feature of crossbeam 1 is: its length direction and grab bucket to open direction identical, the bottom surface is straight, profiled outline is the carrier bar of rectangle or flute profile, crossbeam 1 two ends are provided with the pulley axle bed hole that can install crossbeam assembly pulley 5, and the centre is provided with the hinged seat hole that is hinged with left half bucket body 2 and right half bucket body 3;

The feature of a left side half bucket body 2 and right half bucket body 3 is: have the hinged seat that can be hinged with crossbeam 1, the top of hinged seat is respectively that a 2a is cut on a left side and a 3a is cut on the right side, and two ends of cutting are provided with and can connect restrict 8 hanger of support; The bottom of hinged seat is respectively left jaw 2b and right jaw 3b; The line at center, pulley axle bed hole to center, hinged seat hole and the closing point of jaw are not more than 120 ° to the angle β between the line at center, hinged seat hole.

2. grab bucket as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: have additional two leading sheaves 11 between the assembly pulley (5) at crossbeam (1) two ends.

3. grab bucket as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the jaw position of left half bucket body 2 and right half bucket body 3 is respectively gripper 2ba and gripper 3ba.

4. grab bucket as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: on crossbeam 1, be equiped with electric block 12 or compound type winch 13 and a upper frame 14 of hanging electric block 12 of driving closed rope 7, the feature of upper frame 14 is: four supporting legs are fixed on the crossbeam 1, top is a chest that is equiped with the electrical control part, and the below of this chest is provided with the fixedly seat board of used for electric hoist.

5. grab bucket is characterized in that having: crossbeam 1, left side half bucket body 2, the right side half bucket body 3, a cover comprise Hydraulic Station 15, hydraulic actuating cylinder 16 and hydraulic control component and the hydraulic actuator with complete driving and controllable function; Adopt jointed shaft 4 that a left side half bucket body 2 and right half bucket body 3 separately are hinged on the crossbeam 1;

Crossbeam 1 is characterised in that: be its length direction with grab bucket to open direction identical, the bottom surface is straight and osed top box girder all around, end face is that but watchman's clapper unloads and has the cover plate of surrounding edge, the centre of crossbeam 1 is provided with the hinged seat hole that is hinged with left half bucket body 2 and right half bucket body 3, its inside is equiped with Hydraulic Station 15 and electric hydraulic control element, and the end face of crossbeam 1 is equiped with hydraulic actuating cylinder 16, hydraulic actuating cylinder hinged seat 17, Connection Block 18 and hydraulic tubing element;

A left side half bucket body 2 and right half bucket body 3 are characterised in that: have the hinged seat that can be hinged with crossbeam 1, the top of hinged seat is respectively that left protection is cut a 2aa and right protection is cut a 3aa, the bottom is respectively left jaw 2b and right jaw 3b, two ends of cutting handle are provided with protecting cover, the protecting cover below is provided with the piston pole socket that can be hinged with the piston rod of hydraulic actuating cylinder 16, and the protecting cover top is provided with and connects the hanger of supporting rope 8; The line at center, piston pole socket hole to center, hinged seat hole and the closing point of jaw are not more than 120 ° to the angle β between the line at center, hinged seat hole.