CN201866830U - Cogeneration energy-saving device utilizing waste heat for supplying heat - Google Patents
Cogeneration energy-saving device utilizing waste heat for supplying heat Download PDFInfo
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- CN201866830U CN201866830U CN2010205413652U CN201020541365U CN201866830U CN 201866830 U CN201866830 U CN 201866830U CN 2010205413652 U CN2010205413652 U CN 2010205413652U CN 201020541365 U CN201020541365 U CN 201020541365U CN 201866830 U CN201866830 U CN 201866830U
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Abstract
A cogeneration energy-saving device utilizing waste heat for supplying heat includes a steam boiler, a steam extraction and condensation type steam turbine, a power generator, a condenser, a deaerator and a cooling tower. The steam extraction and condensation type steam turbine is connected with the condenser through an exhaust cylinder; the condenser and the cooling tower are connected to form a waterway large circulation; the device further includes a waste heat utilization hot water heating device, which includes a backpressure steam turbine, a compression type heat pump and a heat exchanger; a steam inlet of the backpressure steam turbine is connected with a steam extraction port of the steam extraction and condensation type steam turbine, and a steam outlet is connected with a steam inlet of the heat exchanger; the compression type heat pump is driven by the backpressure steam turbine and connected with a water return end of a hot water pipe net; the condenser, the compression type heat pump and the cooling tower form a waterway small circulation; and a water inlet end of the heat exchanger is connected with a water outlet end of the compression type heat pump, a water outlet end is connected with a water inlet end of the hot water pipe net, and a drainage end is connected with the deaerator. The utility model can reduce cold source loss, improves comprehensive thermal efficiency and electro-thermal proportion, and reduces unit coal consumption for power generation.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to energy technology field, relates to a kind of device that utilizes the heat supply of cogeneration of heat and power waste heat, reduces the unit generation coal consumption.
Background technology
According to " world energy sources Leader " report, the situation is tense for China's energy.Chinese population accounts for 20% of world population, and the resource occupancy volume of the energy is less than half of world average level per capita.China is the country of an energy resource structure based on coal, and beginning to develop based on cogeneration of heat and power, boiler room from the fifties in last century is that the central heating mode of assisting is supplied urban industry, civil heating.Become the important foundation facility in city to central heating in this century, improve energy utilization rate, improve the city atmospheric environment quality, aspect such as promote to produce, make things convenient for the people played important function.
Cogeneration of heat and power is to be converted into the high-grade electric energy with what coal burning produced than high-grade heat energy, simultaneously the process that is used for generating back residual low grade heat energy.In this process, steam power plant's heating efficiency is far above the central heating of other modes of employing.Cogeneration of heat and power can utilize the heat energy classification of different grades, and promptly high-grade heat energy is used for generating, and low-grade heat energy is used for central heating.Be a kind of high efficient energy sources mode of production of heat energy and electric energy Joint Production, its thermal efficiency can reach 80-90%.Compare with other heat-supplying modes, it is low that the cogeneration of heat and power central heating has energy consumption, and characteristics such as good economy performance all have clear superiority in resource distribution and environmental protection.Therefore, cogeneration of heat and power is the effective way that solves concentrated supply of heating in the city and improve power plant's comprehensive utilization of energy rate.
Along with maintaining sustained and rapid growth and the raising day by day of resident living level of economy, the industry of Future in China and resident's heating heat demand will keep quick growth trend.By 2010, the cogeneration of heat and power installed capacity will be doubled on basis in 2005, to satisfy ever-increasing industry and resident's heating heat demand.The development of cogeneration of heat and power central heating helps to realize the target for energy-saving and emission-reduction of China's Eleventh Five-Year Plan, makes positive contribution.In a midium or long term, the cogeneration of heat and power of Future in China still exists huge development potentiality.
Although the cogeneration of heat and power efficiency of cycle is high than pure condensate formula Turbo-generator Set, but still some steam (being commonly called as exhaust steam) is though there is big heat, but grade too low (exhaust steam pressure P=0.003-0.013MPa, exhaust temperature 20-55 ℃) can't be used again.This part steam only under the high vacuum condition of condenser, is condensed into condensate water, and adds the heat supply boiler again with boiler feedwater.
The latent heat of vaporization that steam (exhaust steam) is emitted when condenser condenses is passed to cooling water (recirculated water) by many pipes and is taken away.This part takes away the cooling water of heat, is sent in the condenser by water circulating pump after the cooling of the air of convection current to recycle in cooling tower again.
The natural suction force that relies on the height of cooling tower body of the tower to form as the air of cooling medium, flowing from bottom to top.Deliver to cooling tower top by the recirculated water after the condenser heat absorption through water pump and spray, quilt air stream cooling from bottom to top in dropping process by distribution channel.When carrying out heat exchange, a part of recirculated water is evaporated and is discharged in the atmosphere, and the influence that a part of recirculated water is subjected to surrounding environment is lost by wind, and some recirculated water concentrates blowdown because of repeatedly circulating and loses.In order not reduce the cooling effect of condenser, therefore also need regularly be replenished recirculated cooling water.Its water consumption can reach more than 60% of the full station-service water yield, thereby causes the significant wastage of water resource.
Heat in this part recirculated water is taken away and is discharged in the atmosphere by air, our general designation " always discarded and utilizable Lowlevel thermal energy ".
Enterprises such as cogeneration of heat and power power generation and heat supply are discharged into this part available discarded waste heat in the surrounding environment (atmosphere) in vain by existing technology.By measuring and calculating, a 60MW heat supply 160t/h cogeneration units per hour will be discharged and can be utilized waste heat to reach 4,700 ten thousand kilocalories; A 300MW heat supply 550t/h cogeneration units per hour will be discharged and can be utilized waste heat to reach more than 6,000 ten thousand kilocalories.
How to need according to heat supply (particularly municipal heating systems), reclaim the needs that these discarded heat energy satisfy heat supply, reaching energy-conservation effect is the purpose of this utility model.
The utility model content
Technology of the present utility model is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of cogeneration of heat and power energy saver that utilizes the waste heat heat supply is provided, the utility model can reduce cold source energy, raising integrated heat efficiency and electric heating proportion, the coal consumption of reduction unit generation.
Technical solution of the present utility model is:
The cogeneration of heat and power energy saver that utilizes the waste heat heat supply that the utility model provides, comprise steam boiler, coagulating type steam turbine, generator, condenser, oxygen-eliminating device and cooling tower draw gas, the described coagulating type steam turbine that draws gas is connected with described condenser by exhaust casing, and described condenser and described cooling tower are connected to form the water route systemic circulation by pipeline; It is characterized in that, this device also comprises the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater, described UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater comprises back pressure turbine, compression heat pump and heat exchanger, the steam inlet of described back pressure turbine is connected with the described extraction opening that draws gas the coagulating type steam turbine by pipeline, and the steam drain of described back pressure turbine is connected with the steam inlet of described heat exchanger by pipeline; Described compression heat pump is dragged by described back pressure turbine, and described compression heat pump is connected with the backwater end of hot water pipe net by pipeline, and described condenser, described compression heat pump and described cooling tower are connected to form the water route partial circulating by pipeline; The water inlet end of described heat exchanger is connected with the water side of described compression heat pump by pipeline, and the water side of described heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet end of hot water pipe net by pipeline, and the hydrophobic side of described heat exchanger is connected with described oxygen-eliminating device by pipeline.
The utility model compared with prior art has following advantage:
(1) the utility model replaces surface-type heat exchangers for district heating of the prior art by the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater, increase the water route partial circulating between compression heat pump and condenser, the cooling tower, the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater utilizes heat in the recirculated water that condenser sends here to the backwater heating of heating network (also hot water pipe network), backwater after will heating is again sent heating network back to, and then the outside heat supply of heating network.Not only effectively utilize the heat in the recirculated water, and reduced the heat transfer irreversible loss that the temperature difference of backwater in heating steam and the heating network causes.
(2) back pressure turbine in the utility model UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater is by the steam drive of the coagulating type steam turbine extraction of drawing gas, and drag compression heat pump, effectively utilized the heat heating water inlet in the recirculated water, thereby reduced from the steam of the coagulating type steam turbine extraction of drawing gas, make the quantity of steam that continues in the coagulating type steam turbine that draws gas, to do work increase, and then increased generated energy, improve unit efficiency.Under the situation of equal heat exhaustion,, make the gross coal consumption rate of unit obtain reduction because generated energy increases; Under the situation of same heating load, electric heating proportion is improved.
(3) the utility model has increased temperature controller and flow controller, if UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater leaving water temperature less than design temperature, then increases the admission flow of back pressure turbine, strengthens the water inlet flow of compression heat pump in the partial circulating of water route simultaneously; If UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater leaving water temperature greater than design temperature, then reduces the admission flow of back pressure turbine, reduce the flow of inlet water of compression heat pump in the partial circulating of water route simultaneously.Make that the automatization level of cogeneration of heat and power industry is higher.
(4) the utility model is by watch-dog, can displays temperature value and flow value, and make device more convenient to operate.
(5) the utility model is owing to be provided with heat exchanger, so UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater leaving water temperature adjustable range is wideer, can adapt to different occasions to leaving water temperature requirement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cogeneration of heat and power schematic diagram of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the cogeneration of heat and power energy saver schematic diagram that utilizes the waste heat heat supply according to of the present utility model.
Among the figure, 1-UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater, 2-back pressure turbine, 3-compression heat pump, 4-heat exchanger, the 5-coagulating type steam turbine that draws gas, the 6-condenser, the 7-oxygen-eliminating device, 8-cooling tower, 9-circulating water pool, 10-surface-type heat exchangers for district heating, heat supply network of 11-, 12-secondary heat supply network, 13-secondary heat exchangers for district heating.
The specific embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present utility model is described.
As shown in Figure 1, the typical feature of prior art is: a heat exchangers for district heating is a surface-type heat exchangers for district heating 10, and its utilization backwater that steam that coagulating type steam turbine 5 extracts out sends here heating network (also being hot water pipe net) that draws gas heats.
Heating network has two-stage: heat supply network 11 and secondary heat supply network 12.What be connected by pipeline with surface-type heat exchangers for district heating 10 is a heat supply network 11, and secondary heat supply network 12 is used for outside heat supply.
As shown in Figure 2, according to the cogeneration of heat and power energy saver that utilizes the waste heat heat supply of the present utility model, comprise steam boiler, the coagulating type steam turbine 5 that draws gas, generator, condenser 6, oxygen-eliminating device 7 and cooling tower 8, the described coagulating type steam turbine 5 that draws gas is connected with described condenser 6 by exhaust casing, and described condenser 6 is connected to form the water route systemic circulation with described cooling tower 8 by pipeline; This device also comprises UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater 1, described UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater 1 comprises back pressure turbine 2, compression heat pump 3 and heat exchanger 4, the steam inlet of described back pressure turbine 2 is connected with the described extraction opening that draws gas coagulating type steam turbine 5 by pipeline, and the steam drain of described back pressure turbine 2 is connected by the steam inlet of pipeline with described heat exchanger 4; Described compression heat pump 3 is dragged by described back pressure turbine 2, described compression heat pump 3 (is a heating network by pipeline and hot water pipe net, two-stage is arranged: heat supply network and secondary heat supply network, what be connected by pipeline with described compression heat pump 3 is a heat supply network 11, secondary heat supply network 12 is used for outside heat supply) the backwater end connect, described condenser 6, described compression heat pump 3 are connected to form the water route partial circulating with described cooling tower 8 by pipeline; The water inlet end of described heat exchanger 4 is connected by the water side of pipeline with described compression heat pump 3, the water side of described heat exchanger 4 (is a heating network by pipeline and hot water pipe net, two-stage is arranged: heat supply network and secondary heat supply network, what be connected by pipeline with described heat exchanger is a heat supply network, the secondary heat supply network is used for outside heat supply) water inlet end connect, the hydrophobic side of described heat exchanger 4 is connected with described oxygen-eliminating device 7 by pipeline.
On the water route partial circulating pipeline of condenser 6 and compression heat pump 3 connecting lines, be provided with booster and flow control valve, on the connecting line of the steam inlet of back pressure turbine 2 and the extraction opening of the coagulating type steam turbine 5 that draws gas, be provided with extraction control valve.
(corresponding water inlet, delivery port, air intake, venthole) all is provided with valve control on the above-mentioned pipeline, and the utility model adopts automatic regulating valve door (also can adopt manually-operated gate).
Automatics in this device comprises:
Temperature controller is installed on the water inlet end pipeline of described hot water pipe net;
The first flow controller is installed on the admission passage of described back pressure turbine;
Second flow controller, the recirculated water that is installed in compression heat pump described in the partial circulating of water route enters the mouth.
Watch-dog is connected with described temperature controller, described first flow controller and described second flow controller, is used for displays temperature value and flow value.
The utility model utilizes the cogeneration of heat and power power-economizing method of waste heat heat supply, may further comprise the steps:
A, the coagulating type steam turbine that draws gas enter condenser by exhaust casing with exhaust steam used heat, and condenser and cooling tower form the water route systemic circulation, and the cooling water that the latent heat of vaporization in the described exhaust steam is sent here by cooling tower in condenser forms condensate water to its condensation;
B, described condenser, described cooling tower and compression heat pump form the water route partial circulating, be transported in the described compression heat pump by the backwater of pipeline hot water pipe net, water inlet as compression heat pump, described compression heat pump is dragged by back pressure turbine, described compression heat pump utilizes heat in the recirculated water that described condenser sends here to the water inlet heating, and heated hot water sent into by pipeline further be heated to the temperature that needs in the heat exchanger, high-temperature-hot-water after described heat exchanger will heat up is delivered to the water inlet end of hot water pipe net, and described compression heat pump will lose the recirculated water of heat and deliver to described cooling tower;
The steam drive that C, described back pressure turbine are extracted out by the described coagulating type steam turbine that draws gas, the steam that described back pressure turbine is discharged enters described heat exchanger, as the thermal source that hot water in the heat exchanger further heats up, steam condenses into water and is transported to oxygen-eliminating device after described heat exchanger heat exchange.
The heat that water inlet absorbs in the compression heat pump is equivalent to the summation that back pressure turbine drags merit (equaling to drive the thermal discharge of steam in compression heat pump) and water route partial circulating heat release.
Owing to effectively utilized the heat heated feed water in the recirculated water, reduced from the steam of the coagulating type steam turbine extraction of drawing gas, make the quantity of steam that continues in the coagulating type steam turbine that draws gas, to do work increase, thereby increased generated energy, and then raising unit efficiency, under the situation of same heating load, electric heating proportion is improved, and the gross coal consumption rate of unit obtains descending; In addition, owing to regained the heat in the recirculated water, circulating water temperature reduces, and can also reduce quantity of circulating water, changes water circulating pump into buncher (frequency conversion) and reduces water circulating pump power consumption, using electricity wisely.
In the course of work,
(1) if the outlet water temperature (being the water temperature of heat exchanger water side) of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater less than setting value, as a certain numerical value in 90-130 ℃ (setting) with the climate temperature Automatic Optimal, two kinds of situations are then arranged, may be that the back pressure turbine import amount of drawing gas is few, also may be that to enter the recirculated water of compression heat pump in the partial circulating of water route few, at this moment to increase the extraction flow of the coagulating type steam turbine that draws gas, strengthen the circulating water intake flow of compression heat pump in the partial circulating of water route simultaneously;
(2) if the outlet water temperature (being the water temperature of heat exchanger water side) of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater greater than setting value, as a certain numerical value in 90-130 ℃ (setting) with the climate temperature Automatic Optimal, two kinds of situations are then arranged, may be that the back pressure turbine import amount of drawing gas is many, also may be that to enter the recirculated water of described compression heat pump in the partial circulating of water route many, at this moment will reduce the to draw gas extraction flow of coagulating type steam turbine reduces the circulating water intake flow of compression heat pump described in the partial circulating of water route simultaneously.
The utility model mainly is to adopt the coagulating type extracted steam from turbine that draws gas to drive back pressure turbine, drag compression heat pump and reclaim the waste heat that each system of Turbo-generator Set is discharged in the thermal energy exchange process, heating heat supply network backwater, what change was continued to use always is the heat exchange pattern of thermal source with the coagulating type extracted steam from turbine that draws gas, reach the reduction circulating water temperature, reduce the circulating cooling make-up water amount, improve energy efficiency and then reduce water circulating pump power, reduce station service.And when equal steam turbine inlet steam amount, increase generated energy or under steam turbine generator rated power, reduce the saving of boiler air demand and burn the coal amount, improve full factory integrated heat efficiency, reduce the unit generation coal consumption, the purpose that reaches energy-saving and emission-reduction and increase economic efficiency.
Subcritical Turbo-generator Set with 300M design heat supply 550t/h is an example, and year heat supply season hour calculated by 2880 hours according to utilizing.
(1) saves the about 5000-15000 ton of mark coal the utility model year, reduce many tons of CO2 emission 13000-30000, reduce sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions 50-150 ton, reduce discharged nitrous oxides 50-150 ton.
(2) the utility model utilizes the waste heat heat supply, has reduced the gross coal consumption rate of unit, has increased the generating capacity of unit, and a heat supply season can multiple electric 1500-4500 ten thousand KWh.
(3) the utility model condenser will cool off exhaust steam (230t/h displacement) by 14000 tons of/hour recirculated waters by design, will be with the heat in the 20-60% recirculated water of quantity of circulating water by calculating this device.By the design since recirculated water in the cooling tower cooling procedure, evaporation loss, windage loss and blowdown loss, its amount of makeup water is considered by 4%～6%, because nearly 3000-9000T/H recirculated water is by the pump type heat heat exchangers for district heating, about about 20 ℃ water temperature have been dropped to, so it can be reduced the loss, if amount of makeup water is considered by 4%, be that each heating season can be reduced the loss water yield 40-100 more than ten thousand tons, and can save the power consumption of a large amount of circulating pumps, calculate by station service power consumption rate 0.2%, each heating season power plant power supply will increase by 1,000,000 kWh.
(4) the utility model will reduce unit generation coal consumption 5-20g/kWh after the waste heat heat supply under design conditions.
The content that is not described in detail in the utility model specification belongs to this area professional and technical personnel's known technology.
The utility model is not limited to the content that claim and the foregoing description are addressed, so long as any utility model of creating out according to design of the present utility model all should belong within the protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (5)
1. utilize the cogeneration of heat and power energy saver of waste heat heat supply, comprise steam boiler, coagulating type steam turbine, generator, condenser, oxygen-eliminating device and cooling tower draw gas, the described coagulating type steam turbine that draws gas is connected with described condenser by exhaust casing, and described condenser and described cooling tower are connected to form the water route systemic circulation by pipeline; It is characterized in that, this device also comprises the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater, described UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN hot-water heater comprises back pressure turbine, compression heat pump and heat exchanger, the steam inlet of described back pressure turbine is connected with the described extraction opening that draws gas the coagulating type steam turbine by pipeline, and the steam drain of described back pressure turbine is connected with the steam inlet of described heat exchanger by pipeline; Described compression heat pump is dragged by described back pressure turbine, and described compression heat pump is connected with the backwater end of hot water pipe net by pipeline, and described condenser, described compression heat pump and described cooling tower are connected to form the water route partial circulating by pipeline; The water inlet end of described heat exchanger is connected with the water side of described compression heat pump by pipeline, and the water side of described heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet end of hot water pipe net by pipeline, and the hydrophobic side of described heat exchanger is connected with described oxygen-eliminating device by pipeline.
2. the cogeneration of heat and power energy saver that utilizes the waste heat heat supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with booster and flow control valve on the partial circulating pipeline of the water route of described condenser and described compression heat pump connecting line.
3. the cogeneration of heat and power energy saver that utilizes the waste heat heat supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with extraction control valve on the connecting line of the extraction opening of the steam inlet of described back pressure turbine and the described coagulating type steam turbine that draws gas.
4. the cogeneration of heat and power energy saver that utilizes the waste heat heat supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that this device also comprises
Temperature controller is installed on the water inlet end pipeline of described hot water pipe net;
The first flow controller is installed on the admission passage of described back pressure turbine;
Second flow controller, the recirculated water that is installed in compression heat pump described in the partial circulating of water route enters the mouth.
5. the cogeneration of heat and power energy saver that utilizes the waste heat heat supply according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, this device also comprises the watch-dog that is used for displays temperature value and flow value, and described watch-dog is connected with described temperature controller, described first flow controller and described second flow controller.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205413652U CN201866830U (en) | 2010-09-25 | 2010-09-25 | Cogeneration energy-saving device utilizing waste heat for supplying heat |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010205413652U CN201866830U (en) | 2010-09-25 | 2010-09-25 | Cogeneration energy-saving device utilizing waste heat for supplying heat |
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| CN201866830U true CN201866830U (en) | 2011-06-15 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101967999A (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2011-02-09 | 北京联合优发能源技术有限公司 | Combined heat and power generation energy saving device using afterheat to supply heat and energy saving method |
| CN102889573A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-23 | 天津大学 | Process system for preparing deoxygenated water for boiler by utilizing high temperature heat pump system |
| CN105737131A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-07-06 | 陈克秀 | Multi-network linked waste heat energy centralized heating system |
| CN105781638A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-20 | 苟仲武 | Heating boiler system with power generation function and working method of heating boiler system |
| CN105972681A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-09-28 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Water source heat pump-steam turbine and heat supply network complementary combined heating supply system |
-
2010
- 2010-09-25 CN CN2010205413652U patent/CN201866830U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101967999A (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2011-02-09 | 北京联合优发能源技术有限公司 | Combined heat and power generation energy saving device using afterheat to supply heat and energy saving method |
| CN101967999B (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2013-06-12 | 北京联合优发能源技术有限公司 | Combined heat and power generation energy saving device using afterheat to supply heat and energy saving method |
| CN102889573A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-23 | 天津大学 | Process system for preparing deoxygenated water for boiler by utilizing high temperature heat pump system |
| CN105737131A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-07-06 | 陈克秀 | Multi-network linked waste heat energy centralized heating system |
| CN105781638A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-20 | 苟仲武 | Heating boiler system with power generation function and working method of heating boiler system |
| CN105972681A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-09-28 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Water source heat pump-steam turbine and heat supply network complementary combined heating supply system |
| CN105972681B (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2019-05-28 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Water resource heat pump-steam turbine combining heating system complementary with heat supply network |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20110615 Effective date of abandoning: 20130612 |
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| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |