CN201826268U - Protruding road sign combined marking ceramic sheet and road combined marking constituted by the same - Google Patents
Protruding road sign combined marking ceramic sheet and road combined marking constituted by the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201826268U CN201826268U CN2010205135375U CN201020513537U CN201826268U CN 201826268 U CN201826268 U CN 201826268U CN 2010205135375 U CN2010205135375 U CN 2010205135375U CN 201020513537 U CN201020513537 U CN 201020513537U CN 201826268 U CN201826268 U CN 201826268U
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- Prior art keywords
- potsherd
- guide post
- graticule
- protuberant guide
- post combination
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- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
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- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a protruding road sign combined marking ceramic sheet comprising a rectangle ceramic sheet body. The periphery of the top surface of the ceramic sheet body is provided with a concave arc-shaped inclined plane, and a reflection device is disposed on at least one side of the concave arc-shaped inclined plane. A convex-concave structure is disposed on the bottom of the ceramic sheet body, and the total thickness of the ceramic sheet is 1.2-1.5cm. By using the above mentioned structure in the utility model, the problems of the highway markings such as bad reflection at nights and on windy, rainy and foggy days, marking going black caused by the pollution, non durability, improper height, infirm paste of reflection materials and fall-off caused by the friction or the pressing by the wheels can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to road signs and graticule, specifically is a kind of protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd, is used to be bonded in the road surface and constitutes road sign and graticule.
Background technology
Present roadmarking mainly adopts hot melt reflecting coating, cold spray solvent reducible coatings, preformed plastics marking line belt, protuberant guide post, ceramic marking etc.These graticules rely on glass microballoon reflective, and its glass microballoon loses reflection action after being covered by water, especially influence the vehicle on highway operation.Traditional organic gel is that the graticule of main material easily is stained with pollutant blackout, and self-cleaning power is too low, and some ground ride is just dirty the inefficacy after three days, half a year aging coming off; The pottery protuberant guide post is too high, and it is too big, fragile to jolt, and its low and flat reflective surface reflectorized material that easily is blocked is easily come off by friction, and pottery bottom zero diopter is pasted not strongly.Install repeatedly, rule then waste of manpower, material resources, and be difficult to reach technical standard.
The U.S. just took the lead in using as the road sign material on highway with the semi-round ball pottery protuberant guide post of the high 5cm of 100-150cm as far back as the fifties.The many highways of China also use this ceramic protuberant guide post, have solved pollution problem.But this ceramic road sign is given prominence to road surface 2.5-5cm, causes easily after car is run into to jolt and make driver-operated steering wheel swing occur, thereby causes traffic accident.In addition, with the adorning one point every 50-100cm and connect slivering of this ceramic road sign semicircle sphere, its visual impression of the effect of graticule is not as the plane line, and misty rain is not reflective night.
The many cities of China the eighties with pottery, marble does graticule among being embedded in cement, for example, during newly-built more than the 50 kilometers municipal water muddy road roads of Changsha 1986, just imbeds pottery and replaces paint, save line in 20 years and take at least 3 thousand ten thousand yuan.But this at that time ceramic road sign is not anti-skidding, and the road of fixing can't install pottery, and does not consider the problem that night is reflective yet, has gone bad unmanned repairing in the period of 20.
The patent No. of the grand sincere invention of in 1987 be ZL86202906's " ceramic light-reflecting projection marker road sign " use to the 83 kilometers highways in Hangzhou in Shanghai Maple footpath, once in the period of two, substituted the paint line, and night, reflecting effect was good, but bump and take off reflecting piece to damage the quantity of ceramics seat very big, only used the time of a year and a half to two year just to damage.
The patent No. of the grand sincere acquisition of in 2002 is ZL02241132.1, and denomination of invention is a kind of ceramics that embeds ground for the utility model patent of " ceramic marking ", reflective well damage, and manufacturing industry is very difficult.Its anti-skidding dependence groove and projection reach, the friction factor dry state is 88BPN, hygrometric state is 46BPN, this index surpassed the hot melt reflecting coating the friction factor national standard (〉=45BPN), require higher anti-skidding index but can not satisfy motorcycle and pedestrian.
On March 7th, 2007 the Luo Si pearl, open the utility model patent " road ceramic marking line and potsherd " of the patent No. ZL200520037923.0 that swallow obtains; the reflective surface of its specification 45 * 45 * 5.5mm is a vertical plane; the 2mm height is only arranged; easily by the wheel friction, come off; especially burn and gone up after antiskid particles or the glass microballoon; reflective membrane is pasted up the empty top of appearance, easily comes off.Two blocks of potsherds are arranged the back bottom of trench and are formed flatly, and mud is difficult for flowing and causes the covered inefficacy of reflective surface.
Especially rainy day, lose reflective after the reflective surface that 2mm is high is covered by water, as present common graticule, the hot melt graticule that speedway uses, especially the surface all is a glass microballoon, relies on its directed regression reflecting, but the misty rain sky and water are covered and put down microballon, lost reflectively immediately, night and big greasy weather this situation occurs and have a strong impact on passage rate and easily cause traffic accident.
The utility model patent ZL200620137322.1 of the grand firm acquisition of on September 22 in 2006 " ceramic pad pasting reflex device ", low with it as the certain cost of reflective protuberant guide post, than other reflective protuberant guide post anti-pollution, but the projection height, jolt big, the pilot control steering wheel is prone to swing, form graticule if install one with it every 50cm, vision is not as line, and the projection height, easily crushing, life-span is short, only is fit to do reflective protuberant guide post and uses the substitute of uncomfortable cooperation graticule.
Summary of the invention
The road combination graticule that the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd and forms thus, reflective poor to solve wind and rain mist speedway at night graticule, graticule pollutes blackening, not durable in use, highly inappropriate, and the problem that reflectorized material is pasted not strongly and is easily rubbed and come off by pressure wheel admittedly.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is: a kind of protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd, it is characterized in that: comprise the potsherd body of rectangle, be provided with the arcs of recesses inclined-plane, on this arcs of recesses inclined-plane at least on one side, be provided with reflex reflector at the periphery of the end face of this body; Bottom surface at this body is provided with convex-concave structure; The gross thickness 1.2-1.5cm of this potsherd.
End face middle part at described body is provided with anti-skidding salient point.
The reflectorized material of described reflex reflector for pasting.
End face at described body is provided with and the parallel arc groove in the long limit of this body, is pasted with reflectorized material on the surface of this arc groove.
Described reflectorized material is the diamond reflecting piece.
Described reflex reflector is a reflecting beads, is provided with a plurality of holes on this arcs of recesses inclined-plane at least on one side of this body, and the big portion of this reflecting beads is embedded in this hole.
Described reflecting beads is a bulky grain high index of refraction crystal pearl.
Concussion semi-round ball or boss that described anti-skidding salient point is a projection.
The described convex-concave structure that is located at the bottom surface of this body comprises groove, circular groove or circular projection.
A kind of road combination graticule of forming by described ceramic protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd, it is characterized in that: the lines, figure, literal or the arrow that are arranged in traffic marking by this numerous pottery protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherds, the road surface is fixed in the bottom surface of this body, and make the bottom on this arcs of recesses inclined-plane concordant with ground, have one of described reflex reflector and face same direction.
Relative prior art, technique effect of the present utility model is:
1, the concave arc inclined-plane of the utility model potsherd is a smooth surface, and it is firmly convenient to paste reflective membrane.And preformed hole is installed high-strength reflecting beads, and the reflective membrane of stickup and reflecting beads are difficult for being come off by the wheel friction.Solved the opaque problem of rainy day graticule.
2, the concaveconvex structure on the utility model potsherd bottom surface has increased the firmness that is connected with ground.
3, the height of the utility model potsherd (thickness) is preferably 1.2-1.5cm, and the low 1-1.3 of protuberant guide post height 2.5cm than the GB regulation has reduced and jolted; The arcs of recesses inclined-plane of adjacent ceramic sheet is arranged the back and is formed the circle chase, has prevented water logging and sludgd deposition, and can far can see the light belt that reflective spot is linked to be at 200 meters, reaches the misty rain directional reflective that does as usual night.
4, the utility model potsherd arcs of recesses inclined-plane and another piece concave arc inclined-plane are arranged post gap and are formed chase, play good resistance skidproof effect, and can play the concussion prompting, sound.
5, the utility model rearranges the traffic marking and the pattern and character of all size with numerous high-strength reflecting ceramic sheets, any surface finish, hardness are up to 4-7 degree (Mohs), and self-cleaning power is strong, not the pickup thing, as: pitch, rubber for tire, clay, greasy dirt etc., thereby make it permanent pure white as new.
6, the utility model is easy to maintenance, and the normal pressure place accounts for 10% of the gross area, year loss rate 30%, and embedding maintains an equal level with slotting can reduce the wastage less than 5% in the road surface.The normal pressure place does not account for 80% of the gross area, and year loss rate 1-2% can directly paste, and construction is fast.The literal arrow at normal pressure place can use with the collocation of preformed graticule, and cost is low, and it is convenient to change.The annual maintenance of reasonably combined use graticule is few, can keep the graticule cleaning again.
7, the utility model replaces traditional hot melt paint line, can save cost greatly, can change thoroughly for a long time that the resin type graticule easily pollutes, dirty problem, has promoted the overall image in city.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of the utility model first embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of the utility model second embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the left view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is the vertical view of the utility model the 3rd embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the left view of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 7;
Figure 10 is the vertical view of a kind of application of the utility model;
Figure 11 is the D-D sectional view of Figure 10.
Description of reference numerals: 1, the body of potsherd, 2, the arcs of recesses inclined-plane, 3, reflecting beads, 4, concussion semi-round ball, 5, (reservation) hole that reflecting beads is installed, 6, the groove of body bottom surface, 7, the non-slip process of body end face, 8, the arc groove of body end face, 9, reflectorized material (layer), 10, road surface or ground, 11, the arc-shaped groove of two adjacent potsherds formations, the potsherd of E, first embodiment, the potsherd of F, second embodiment, the potsherd of G, the 3rd embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1～Fig. 3, first embodiment of the present utility model comprises the potsherd body 1 of rectangle, is provided with arcs of recesses inclined-plane 2 at the periphery of the end face of this body 1, and (embed or bonding) reflecting beads 3 is housed in the hole of reserving on this arcs of recesses inclined-plane at least on one side 5.Be provided with many grooves 6 projection or the groove of Any shape (also) in the bottom surface of this body 1.The gross thickness 1.2-1.5cm of this potsherd.End face middle part at described body 1 is provided with a plurality of concussion semi-round balls 4 (or boss of Any shape).
Described reflecting beads 3 also can be replaced by reflectorized material (the diamond reflecting piece of stickup or reflectorized material coating), and can not want hole 5 this moment, and also available shallow slot replaces hole 5.
Referring to Fig. 4～Fig. 6, second embodiment of the present utility model and the above-mentioned first embodiment difference are the anti-skidding boss 7 that body 1 end face is provided with a plurality of rectangles, and other parts and first embodiment are identical.
Referring to Fig. 7～Fig. 9, the 3rd embodiment of the present utility model is provided with and the parallel arc groove 8 in the long limit of this body at the end face of described body 1, is pasted with diamond reflecting piece (or reflectorized material coating) 9 on the surface of this circular arc chase groove 8.Be provided with many grooves 6 projection or the groove of Any shape (also) in the bottom surface of this body 1.
It is very firm that the groove 6 that the utility model is located at the bottom surface of body 1 makes body 1 be adhered to ground.
Described reflecting beads 3 is a bulky grain high index of refraction crystal pearl.
Referring to Figure 10 and Figure 11, a kind of road combination graticule of forming by the ceramic protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd of described three kinds of embodiment of the utility model, it is characterized in that: be arranged in lines, figure, literal or the arrow that traffic marking is stipulated by numerous this pottery protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd E, F, G (three kinds of potsherds can make up arbitrarily), (bonding) fixed in the road surface 10 in the bottom surface of this body, and make the bottom on this arcs of recesses inclined-plane 2 concordant with ground, have one of described reflex reflector and face same direction (direction of sending a car).The arc-shaped groove 11 that the arcs of recesses inclined-plane 2 of two blocks of adjacent potsherds constitutes relatively.
Reflective function of the present utility model has the ceramic plane diffuse reflection, and arcs of recesses inclined-plane 2 has the orienting reflex effect.The hardness of high-strength reflecting beads 3 reaches 7 degree, materials such as quartz its surface not easy to wear.Therefore the life-span long, its intensity reflection effect be reflective membrane can not reach the high strong reflection that does as usual night of especially big misty rain.
Because of above-mentioned three kinds of potsherd E, F, G are arranged on the road and form, adopt the potsherd of three kinds of different embodiment, can form directional reflective, slow reflective, concussion and maintain an equal level in ground etc. the potsherd graticule of number of different types.Reasonably combined graticule material and mounting process can obtain good graticule effect and economic benefit.For example, use the paving of direct mounting method available machines used at the not edge and the center double amber lines of normal pressure, manually also can, the installation rate per minute can reach about 5 meters, is equal to the installation rate of hot melt graticule.In the normal pressure part, as cross walk, literal arrow and dotted line, the available machines used fluting is installed and is maintained an equal level in the road surface, reduces spoilage.At the crossing and the literal arrow of normal pressure and often lane change, the available preformed marking line belt that discloses is directly pasted, and changes the convenient road surface of not injuring.Draw following data reach the practice in 20 years in a plurality of engineerings in the middle of: long graticule amount of pressing is 80%, and a year breakage rate is 1-2%.Normal pressure partly accounts for 10% of the gross area.Year breakage rate with mounting method is 15%, and fluting embedding breakage rate in the year after next is about 1.5%.Traffic marking is reasonably combined has accomplished that graticule is clear, eye-catching, accurate, intact, construction soon, low, year maintenance capacity average out to 5% of cost.
The utility model is in the arcuate furrow 11 that arcs of recesses inclined-plane 2 forms, and in the arc groove 8 of the 3rd embodiment, reflex reflector is set, its structure can prevent that wheel from directly rolling the friction reflex reflector, prevents the damage of reflex reflector, has prolonged application life greatly.And the arcuate furrow 11 that arcs of recesses inclined-plane 2 forms is easy to mud, rainwater flows away.
The utility model potsherd overall height is 1.2-1.5cm, and reflective surface guarantees more than 0.5cm, is pressed with during moulding on the side and reserves the cavity, can adorn reflecting beads, can prevent water logging cover glass microballon and causes and lose directional reflective.The potsherd overall height than GB at the bottom of 1-1.5cm, reduce jolting when pressing graticule.
Claims (10)
1. protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd is characterized in that: comprise the potsherd body of rectangle, be provided with the arcs of recesses inclined-plane at the periphery of the end face of this body, be provided with reflex reflector on this arcs of recesses inclined-plane at least on one side; Bottom surface at this body is provided with convex-concave structure; The gross thickness 1.2-1.5cm of this potsherd.
2. protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the end face middle part at described body is provided with anti-skidding salient point.
3. protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the reflectorized material of described reflex reflector for pasting.
4. protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the end face at described body is provided with and the parallel arc groove in the long limit of this body, is pasted with reflectorized material on the surface of this arc groove.
5. as claim 3 or 4 described protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherds, it is characterized in that: described reflectorized material is the diamond reflecting piece.
6. protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reflex reflector is a reflecting beads, is provided with a plurality of holes on this arcs of recesses inclined-plane at least on one side of this body, the big portion of this reflecting beads is embedded in this hole.
7. protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: described reflecting beads is a bulky grain high index of refraction crystal pearl.
8. protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: concussion semi-round ball or boss that described anti-skidding salient point is a projection.
9. protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described convex-concave structure that is located at the bottom surface of this body comprises groove, circular groove or circular projection.
10. a road of being made up of any one described ceramic protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherd of claim 1～9 makes up graticule, it is characterized in that: the lines, figure, literal or the arrow that are arranged in traffic marking by this numerous pottery protuberant guide post combination graticule potsherds, the road surface is fixed in the bottom surface of this body, and make the bottom on this arcs of recesses inclined-plane concordant with ground, have one of described reflex reflector and face same direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205135375U CN201826268U (en) | 2010-09-02 | 2010-09-02 | Protruding road sign combined marking ceramic sheet and road combined marking constituted by the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205135375U CN201826268U (en) | 2010-09-02 | 2010-09-02 | Protruding road sign combined marking ceramic sheet and road combined marking constituted by the same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201826268U true CN201826268U (en) | 2011-05-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205135375U Expired - Fee Related CN201826268U (en) | 2010-09-02 | 2010-09-02 | Protruding road sign combined marking ceramic sheet and road combined marking constituted by the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN201826268U (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102191752A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-09-21 | 钱宏诚 | Directional reflective ceramic wafer |
| CN112240008A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-01-19 | 吉林建筑大学 | Multifunctional road marking tape and preparation method and construction method thereof |
| CN114351608A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-15 | 南通明艺玻璃科技有限公司 | Heat-resistant pressure-resistant solar reflective glass spike and preparation method thereof |
| CN116122192A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-05-16 | 安徽拓力工程材料科技有限公司 | Long-life road marking mark block, marking unit and zebra stripes unit |
-
2010
- 2010-09-02 CN CN2010205135375U patent/CN201826268U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102191752A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-09-21 | 钱宏诚 | Directional reflective ceramic wafer |
| WO2012162925A1 (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-06 | Qian Hongcheng | Directional reflective ceramic plate |
| CN112240008A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-01-19 | 吉林建筑大学 | Multifunctional road marking tape and preparation method and construction method thereof |
| CN112240008B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-11-23 | 吉林建筑大学 | Multifunctional road marking tape and preparation method and construction method thereof |
| CN114351608A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-15 | 南通明艺玻璃科技有限公司 | Heat-resistant pressure-resistant solar reflective glass spike and preparation method thereof |
| CN116122192A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-05-16 | 安徽拓力工程材料科技有限公司 | Long-life road marking mark block, marking unit and zebra stripes unit |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: SHENZHEN DATONG TIANXIA INVESTMENT CO., LTD. Effective date: 20120821 |
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| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 550022 GUIYANG, GUIZHOU PROVINCE TO: 518001 SHENZHEN, GUANGDONG PROVINCE |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20120821 Address after: Room 708, Haiyan commercial building, Luohu District, Guangdong, Shenzhen 518001, China Patentee after: Shenzhen Datong World Investment Co. Ltd. Address before: 550022 Guizhou province Guiyang city Jinyang high tech Zone Sunshine District 20 building 3 unit 101 room Patentee before: Qian Hongcheng |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20110511 Termination date: 20160902 |