The numerical control gantry machine tool boring and milling head outer
Technical field
The utility model relates to the improvement of a kind of Digit Control Machine Tool with boring and milling head outer, belong to the numerical control machine tool technique field, a kind of specifically numerical control gantry machine tool boring and milling head outer is applicable to the boring and milling head outer of heavy duty machine tools, console mode boring and milling machine, gantry Machining Center, various special planes etc.
Background technology
Develop rapidly along with whole world science and technology, process requirements to the complex large-sized machinery equipment of small lot is also increasing, be applied to metallurgy in manufacturing, the mine, the large-scale frame of common apparatus such as machinery, during casing, need greatly develop especially a kind of can bore hole, bore reaming, the equipment of surface scraping and Milling Process, extensive use at present be a kind of by boring and milling head outer and column, slide unit cooperates the console mode boring and milling machine of forming, the critical component of this boring and milling machine is a boring and milling head outer, it is mainly by casing, side's ram, hollow shaft, main shaft, shaft transmission, side's ram feed arrangement and main shaft proceeding equipment are formed, side's ram is arranged in the casing and is slided along casing by the transmission mechanism drive, main shaft is arranged in the hollow shaft and can slides along hollow shaft, the hollow shaft side of being arranged on ram is interior by the transmission mechanism driven rotary in the shaft transmission, its weak point is: because square ram feed arrangement and main shaft proceeding equipment all are arranged on the side of casing, move and the feeding of main shaft by the mechanical transmission mechanism side of drive ram, this has just caused complicated in mechanical structure, driving-chain is longer, volume weight is all excessive, cause its service efficiency low, operation is also inconvenient, and the size range of processing work is little.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of simple in structure, easy to operate that the purpose of this utility model is to provide, and can realize the variable speed operation of main shaft, can enlarge the scope of processing work, improves the numerical control gantry machine tool boring and milling head outer of machining accuracy.
To achieve these goals, the utility model is implemented by the following technical solutions: this numerical control gantry machine tool boring and milling head outer, the side's of comprising ram, spindle motor, main shaft, pull bar, the main shaft oil cylinder, side's ram feed arrangement and main shaft speed change device, the cross supporting plate is arranged on the numerical control gantry machine tool, it is characterized in that: square ram is arranged on the cross supporting plate by square ram feed arrangement, in the spindle hole in the main shaft side of the being arranged on ram, the top of the spindle motor side of being arranged on ram, spindle motor is connected transmission by the main shaft speed change device with main shaft, main shaft is with in the oil cylinder side of the being arranged on ram, main shaft is communicated with oil pump with oil pipe by main shaft with oil cylinder, pull bar is arranged in the through hole of main shaft inside, main shaft contacts with the upper end of pull bar with the piston lower end of oil cylinder, upper end at pull bar is arranged with disk spring, is provided with blade clamping apparatus in the lower end of pull bar.
The utility model is also implemented by following measure: described side's ram feed arrangement, comprise that spindle motor, gearbox, gear-box bracket, leading screw and feed screw nut constitute, spindle motor is fixed on the gear-box bracket, on the gear-box bracket side of the being fixed on ram, the upper end of leading screw is located in the gearbox, feed screw nut is set on the leading screw, and feed screw nut and cross supporting plate are fixed as one.
Be provided with through hole, splined shaft installing hole and spindle hole in described side's ram, main shaft is located in the spindle hole.
Described main shaft speed change device, by the axle that cogs, clutch, straight pin, splined shaft, the lower tooth wheel shaft, the speed change oil cylinder, gear and gear shifting rod constitute, cog axle and lower tooth wheel shaft is arranged on upper and lower in the through hole by bearing respectively, splined shaft is arranged in the splined shaft installing hole by bearing, at the two ends that cog axle, the lower end of lower tooth wheel shaft, the two ends of splined shaft and the upper end of main shaft all are fixed with gear by spline, top at the lower tooth wheel shaft is provided with gear by bearing holder (housing, cover), clutch is arranged on the upper end of lower tooth wheel shaft by spline, gear shifting rod is arranged in the through hole of lower tooth wheel shaft, the lower end of gear shifting rod is connected with the piston of speed change with oil cylinder, the upper end of Shift lever is fixed together by straight pin and clutch, the gear of axle upper end and the gears engaged on the spindle motor cog, the gear of a lower end and the gears engaged of splined shaft upper end cog, the gears engaged on the gear of splined shaft lower end and lower tooth wheel shaft top, the gears engaged of the gear of lower tooth wheel shaft lower end and main shaft upper end, when selecting low speed for use, the gear on lower tooth wheel shaft top and the engagement of the external tooth on the clutch, when selecting high speed for use, the gears engaged of the internal tooth on the clutch and a lower end that cogs.
Described blade clamping apparatus comprises tension cover, blind rivet and steel ball, and the tension cover is provided with steel ball by being threaded in the lower end of pull bar in the hole of tension cover lower end, cooperate with main shaft lower end internal recess to clamp blind rivet, and cutter head is fixed on the bottom of blind rivet.
Described blind rivet lower end is provided with the taper shank gear, and taper shank gear and angular milling head are connected and fixed.
The bottom of described side's ram inner chamber is provided with automatic lubricant pump, and the fixing disc of going up in the lower end of automatic lubricant pump is in the lubricant reservoir of ram chamber, the disc side of being located at inner bottom part.
The lower end of described main shaft is by the lower end of bearing fixing at square ram, and the outside of bearing is provided with dust cap, is arranged with oil baffle disc on the bottom outer wall of the main shaft in square ram chamber.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: simple in structure, easy to operate, realized the variable speed operation of main shaft, and enlarged the scope of processing work, improved machining accuracy, improved operating efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 looks schematic diagram for the structure of the present utility model right side;
Fig. 2 is a structure schematic rear view of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is a structure schematic top plan view of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is the enlarged diagram of overlooking of side's ram of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 for the utility model when main shaft slowly runs, under the gear of a lower end that cogs and the clutch disengaged position along Fig. 4 A-A cross-sectional schematic;
Fig. 6 be the utility model when the main shaft high speed rotating, under the gear of a lower end that cogs and the clutches engaged connection status along Fig. 4 A-A cross-sectional schematic;
Fig. 7 is the enlarged diagram of B portion among Fig. 6.
Among the figure: 1, square ram; 2, feed screw nut; 3, gear-box bracket; 4, spindle motor; 5, spindle motor; 6, gearbox; 7, leading screw; 8, cross supporting plate; 9, through hole; 10, main shaft oil pipe; 11, splined shaft installing hole; 12, spindle hole; 13, speed change oil pipe; 14, the axle that cogs; 15, clutch; 16, straight pin; 17, gear shifting rod; 18, splined shaft; 19, lower tooth wheel shaft; 20, speed change oil cylinder; 21, automatic lubricant pump; 22, blind rivet; 23, taper shank gear; 24, dust cap; 25, bearing; 26, steel ball; 27, tension cover; 28, oil baffle disc; 29, main shaft; 30, pull bar; 31, main shaft oil cylinder; 32, disk spring.
The specific embodiment
Make the utility model with reference to accompanying drawing 1,2,3,4,5,6,7.This numerical control gantry machine tool boring and milling head outer, the side's of comprising ram 1, spindle motor 4, main shaft 29, pull bar 30, main shaft oil cylinder 31, side's ram feed arrangement and main shaft speed change device, cross supporting plate 8 is arranged on the numerical control gantry machine tool, it is characterized in that: square ram 1 is arranged on the cross supporting plate 8 by square ram feed arrangement, be beneficial to slide along the guide rail on the cross supporting plate 8 by the square ram feed arrangement side of drive ram 1, in the spindle hole 12 in main shaft 29 side's of being arranged on rams 1, the top of spindle motor 4 side's of being arranged on rams 1, spindle motor 4 is connected transmission by the main shaft speed change device with main shaft 29, so that drive main shaft 29 rotations by the main shaft speed change device, main shaft is with in oil cylinder 31 side's of being arranged on rams 1, main shaft is communicated with oil pump with oil pipe 10 by main shaft with oil cylinder 31, pull bar 30 is arranged in the through hole of main shaft 29 inside, main shaft contacts with the upper end of pull bar 30 with the piston lower end of oil cylinder 31, so that main shaft with the piston pushing drawing rod 30 of oil cylinder 31 along main shaft 29 to lower slider, be arranged with disk spring 32 in the upper end of pull bar 30, lower end at pull bar 30 is provided with blade clamping apparatus, on the piston of main shaft, shift time-out with oil cylinder 31, disk spring 32 can upwards slide by pushing drawing rod 30, thereby blade clamping apparatus and main shaft 29 are fixed as one.
Described side's ram feed arrangement, comprise spindle motor 5, gearbox 6, gear-box bracket 3, leading screw 7 and feed screw nut 2 constitute, spindle motor 5 is fixed on the gear-box bracket 3, on gear-box bracket 3 side's of being fixed on rams 1, the upper end of leading screw 7 is located in the gearbox 6, feed screw nut 2 is set on the leading screw 7, feed screw nut 2 is fixed as one with cross supporting plate 8, when spindle motor 5 drives gearbox 6 work, gearbox 6 drives leading screw 7 rotations, just will rotatablely move between leading screw 7 and the feed screw nut 2 is transformed into rectilinear motion, thereby the side's of drive ram 1 moves up and down along cross supporting plate 8, has promptly realized the purpose of square ram 1 bottom and top feed.
Be provided with through hole 9, splined shaft installing hole 11 and spindle hole 12 in described side's ram 1, main shaft 29 is located in the spindle hole 12.
Described main shaft speed change device, by the axle 14 that cogs, clutch 15, straight pin 16, splined shaft 18, lower tooth wheel shaft 19, speed change oil cylinder 20, gear and gear shifting rod 17 constitute, cog axle 14 and lower tooth wheel shaft 19 is arranged on upper and lower in the through hole 9 by bearing respectively, splined shaft 18 is arranged in the splined shaft installing hole 11 by bearing, at the two ends that cog axle 14, the lower end of lower tooth wheel shaft 19, the upper end of the two ends of splined shaft 18 and main shaft 29 all is fixed with gear by spline, top at lower tooth wheel shaft 19 is provided with gear by bearing holder (housing, cover), clutch 15 is arranged on the upper end of lower tooth wheel shaft 19 by spline, gear shifting rod 17 is arranged in the through hole of lower tooth wheel shaft 19, the lower end of gear shifting rod 17 is connected with the piston of speed change with oil cylinder 20, the upper end of Shift lever 17 is fixed together by straight pin 16 and clutch 15, the gear of axle 14 upper ends and the gears engaged on the spindle motor 4 cog, the gear of axle 14 lower ends and the gears engaged of splined shaft 18 upper ends cog, the gears engaged on the gear of splined shaft 18 lower ends and lower tooth wheel shaft 19 tops, the gears engaged of the gear of lower tooth wheel shaft 19 lower ends and main shaft 29 upper ends, when selecting low speed for use, the gear on lower tooth wheel shaft 19 tops and the engagement of the external tooth on the clutch 15, when selecting high speed for use, the gears engaged of the internal tooth on the clutch 15 and axle 14 lower ends that cog.
Like this, when spindle motor 4 drives gear on it and rotates, the gear of axle 14 upper ends and the gears engaged on the spindle motor 4 owing to cog, just with transmission of power to cog the axle 14 on, the gear of axle 14 lower ends and the gears engaged of splined shaft 18 upper ends owing to cog, again with transmission of power to splined shaft 18, because the gear of splined shaft 18 lower ends and the gears engaged on lower tooth wheel shaft 19 tops, just with transmission of power to the gear on lower tooth wheel shaft 19 tops, because the gear on lower tooth wheel shaft 19 tops and the external tooth engaged transmission on the clutch 15, just with transmission of power to clutch 15, because clutch 15 is arranged on the lower tooth wheel shaft 19 by spline, just with transmission of power to lower tooth wheel shaft 19, because the gear of lower tooth wheel shaft 19 lower ends and the gears engaged of main shaft 29 upper ends, just with transmission of power to main shaft 29, this moment main shaft 29 slowly run; Operate speed changes oil cylinders 20 by speed change with oil pipe 13, when speed change is moved upward with the promotion of the piston in the oil cylinder 20 Shift lever 17, clutch 15 is just thrown off the gear meshing transmission with lower tooth wheel shaft 19 tops, meshed transmission gear with axle 14 lower ends that cog, directly with transmission of power to lower tooth wheel shaft 19, again with transmission of power to main shaft 29, this moment main shaft 29 high speed rotating, this is another velocity of rotation of main shaft 29, has promptly realized the purpose of main shaft 29 speed changes.
Described blade clamping apparatus, comprise tension cover 27, blind rivet 22 and steel ball 26, tension cover 27 is by being threaded in the lower end of pull bar 30, in the hole of tension cover 27 lower ends, be provided with steel ball 26, cooperate clamping blind rivet 22 with main shaft 29 lower end internal recess, cutter head is fixed on the bottom of blind rivet 22, like this, when changing cutter head, by main shaft oil pipe 10 operation axis oil cylinder 31, main shaft moves down with the piston pushing drawing rod 30 of oil cylinder 31, thereby tension cover 27 is moved down, when tension cover 10 front ends head on blind rivet 22 when moving down in main shaft 29 grooves, because the diameter of groove is greater than the diameter of tension cover 27, steel ball 26 moves inside and outside the hole of tension cover 27, blind rivet 22 splits away off in tension cover 27, after reinstalling cutter head on the blind rivet 22, the upper end of blind rivet 22 is pushed in the tension cover 27 again, with main shaft oil pipe 10 operation axis oil cylinder 31, main shaft is moved down with the piston of oil cylinder 31, disk spring 32 pushing drawing rods 30 move up, thereby being driven on the blind rivet 22, tension cover 27 moves up in the through hole of main shaft 29, thereby with blind rivet 22 lockings.
Described blind rivet 22 lower ends are provided with taper shank gear 23, and taper shank gear 23 is connected and fixed with the angular milling head, thereby drive the work of angular milling head.
The bottom of described side's ram 1 inner chamber is provided with automatic lubricant pump 21, the fixing disc of going up in the lower end of automatic lubricant pump 21, in the lubricant reservoir of the disc side of being located at ram 1 chamber inner bottom part, like this, after starting automatic lubricant pump 21, disc can upwards throw away lubricating oil, is lubricated for each parts by through hole 9, splined shaft installing hole 11 and spindle hole 12.
The lower end of described main shaft 29 is by the lower end of bearing 25 side's of being fixed on rams 1, the outside of bearing 25 is provided with dust cap 24, enter with blocks dust, be arranged with oil baffle disc 28 on the bottom outer wall of the main shaft 29 in square ram 1 chamber, flow out downwards along the outer wall of main shaft 29 to prevent lubricating oil.