CN201781456U - Alternating-current permanent magnet synchronous motor control system for electric vehicle - Google Patents
Alternating-current permanent magnet synchronous motor control system for electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN201781456U CN201781456U CN2010202867418U CN201020286741U CN201781456U CN 201781456 U CN201781456 U CN 201781456U CN 2010202867418 U CN2010202867418 U CN 2010202867418U CN 201020286741 U CN201020286741 U CN 201020286741U CN 201781456 U CN201781456 U CN 201781456U
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- permanent magnet
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an alternating-current permanent magnet synchronous motor control system for an electric vehicle, which comprises an alternating-current permanent magnet synchronous motor, a power converter, a controller and a detector. The controller adopts a digital signal processing (DSP) microprocessor, the detector comprises a position detector and a current detector, the position detector and the current detector respectively inputs a detected rotor position/speed signal and a detected current signal of the alternating-current permanent magnet synchronous motor into the DSP microprocessor, the DSP microprocessor calculates a given current value according to the input rotor position/speed signal, compares the calculated value with the input current detection value to obtain a corresponding control signal, and drives the alternating-current permanent magnet synchronous motor through the power converter; and the power converter adopts a three-phase dual inversion bridge structure which comprises a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) inverter and an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) inverter. The alternating-current permanent magnet synchronous motor control system for the electric vehicle has compact and solid structure, simple circuit and reliable performance, and is stable to operate, and the control efficiency and the control accuracy are high.
Description
Technical field:
The utility model relates to permagnetic synchronous motor control field, particularly a kind of motor vehicle AC permanent magnet synchronous motor control system.
Background technology:
Electric machine control system is the vital part of motor vehicle, is determining the whether good of motor vehicle driveability.Over past ten years, mainly develop AC induction motor controller and brushless permanent magnet motor controller.Compare with original dc traction motor controller, have clear superiority, its outstanding advantage be the efficient height, non-maintaining substantially, speed adjustable range is wide.Its research and development present situation and development trend are as follows.
1. asynchronous machine controller
The characteristics of asynchronous machine controller are sturdy and durable, reliable, can realize controlling the motor low torque ripple, and low noise does not need position transducer, the rev limit height.The vector control speed adjusting technique comparative maturity of asynchronous machine controller, therefore early be applied to electric automobile, remain the main product (especially in the U.S.) of electric vehicle controller at present, but progressively replaced by other novel brush-less permanent magnetic traction motor controller.Disadvantage is the controller circuitry complexity, and control efficiency is not high, is unfavorable for realizing industrialization.
2. brush-less permanent magnetic synchronous machine controller
Brush-less permanent magnetic synchronous machine controller has higher power density and efficient and broad speed adjustable range, and development prospect is very wide, is strong competitor in the motor vehicle traction motor controller, obtains in the multiple at home and abroad motor vehicle to use.Maximum shortcoming is that control precision is not high, therefore is applied in some occasions lower to required precision usually.
The utility model content:
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide that a kind of compact conformation is firm, circuit is simple, dependable performance and in the range of speeds inner control efficient of broadness and control precision all than higher motor vehicle AC permanent magnet synchronous motor control system.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the utility model has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of motor vehicle AC permanent magnet synchronous motor control system, comprise AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, power inverter, controller and detector, described controller is a DSP microprocessor, described detector comprises position detector and current detector, rotor-position/the rate signal and the current signal of detected AC permanent magnet synchronous motor are imported the DSP microprocessor respectively separately with it for described position detector and current detector, described DSP microprocessor calculates the set-point of electric current according to the rotor-position/rate signal of input, compare with the current detection value of input again and draw control signal corresponding, and drive AC permanent magnet synchronous motor through power inverter; Described power inverter adopts the two inversion bridge architectures of the three-phase that is made of MOSFET inverter and IGBT inverter, when DC bus-bar voltage is lower than 200V, described MOSFET inverter is a main inverter, described IGBT inverter is attached inverter, when DC bus-bar voltage is higher than 200V, described IGBT inverter is a main inverter, and described MOSFET inverter is attached inverter.
Driven by main inverter during described AC permanent magnet synchronous motor low cruise, attached inverter only is used to constitute winding loop; During described AC permanent magnet synchronous motor high-speed cruising, drive simultaneously by main inverter and attached inverter.
Be provided with merit angle closed loop controller in the circuit of described position detector.
Described position detector adopts incremental optical-electricity encoder, and it exports 3 couples of differential signal: A+, A-, B+, B-, Z+, Z-; Wherein A mutually and B phase signals quadrature, the Z phase signals is a zero signal, incremental optical-electricity encoder whenever revolves to turn around exports a pulse through zero-bit.
Described current detector comprises Hall element, operational amplifier A, operational amplifier B and operational amplifier C, the phase current of described AC permanent magnet synchronous motor is detected by Hall element, detection signal carries out exporting negative voltage after the current/voltage-converted through operational amplifier A, be added to the input of operational amplifier B subsequently, this negative voltage is carried out oppositely and the ratio amplification, carry out level deviation through operational amplifier C at last.
The output of described DSP microprocessor is provided with a current foldback circuit that mainly is made of integrated voltage comparator LM393; the positive input terminal of described integrated voltage comparator LM393 is connected with AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the output of described integrated voltage comparator LM393 is connected with the output of DSP microprocessor.
Electric capacity with filter function and feedback energy memory function is set in the described power inverter.
The utility model has following advantage with respect to prior art:
1, the DSP microprocessor by selecting fast operation for use and recover soon, three pairs of inversion bridge architectures of fast-response, improved the low speed torque of AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, make it not have asynchronous electric motor starting time institute electric current present impact phenomenon.
2, improved position and current detector accuracy, thereby motor speed has been controlled accurately signal sampling.
3, on the basis of commonly used rotating speed of permagnetic synchronous motor and current double closed-loop, increased the closed-loop control of merit angle.Situation for the position coder that uses low cost, low resolution, during load changing, prevent that merit angle moment is out of control, and during low speed, the rotor-position interpolation is inaccurate, adopt merit angle closed-loop control can eliminate the torque instability, the problem of difference in response has improved the position transducer precision selectable range of controller greatly.
4, for different cell voltages, adopt different main circuit power original papers flexibly, promptly two inverter control modes, reduced the heating of controller, and when the power factor (PF) of motor is low when high-speed cruising, utilizes and offset the idle component that motor side is pressed, guarantee torque and the power of motor when high speed.Improve the operational efficiency of controller, increased the continuation of the journey mileage of vehicle.
5, control system is stable, and main circuit is based on digital circuit, and is simple in structure, is convenient to safeguard.
6, can realize the electric energy feedback function.The energy back that when brake, deceleration or downhill running motor is produced is given battery, plays the effect of reverse charge, thereby battery is safeguarded, has prolonged the useful life of battery.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is control principle figure of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the two inversion bridge-type structural representations of three-phase in the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the connection line figure of incremental optical-electricity encoder in the utility model, and the circuit that only shows the A phase among the figure connects.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of circuit overcurrent protection in the utility model.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of current detection circuit in the utility model.
Embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 1, the motor vehicle AC permanent magnet synchronous motor control system that provides according to the utility model, comprise DSP microprocessor (model: TMS320F243), power inverter, AC permanent magnet synchronous motor and position detector and current detector, position detector and current detector are used for detecting respectively the rotor-position of AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, spinner velocity and phase current, during work, position detector is imported its detected rotor-position signal and spinner velocity signal by the QEP unit of DSP microprocessor, current detector is with the A/D translation interface input of its detected current signal by the DSP microprocessor, the DSP microprocessor is according to the rotor-position signal and the spinner velocity calculated signals set-point that goes out electric current of input, compare with the current detection value of input again, draw the width of control signal corresponding control output pwm pulse, pwm signal drives AC permanent magnet synchronous motor through power inverter, thereby guarantees the stable of motor speed.
As shown in Figure 2, described power inverter adopts the two inversion bridge architectures of the three-phase that is made of MOSFET inverter and IGBT inverter, belong to energy recovery type, electric capacity therebetween has the memory function of filter function and feedback energy, thereby has improved the operational efficiency of system.When DC bus-bar voltage was lower than 200V, the MOSFET inverter was a main inverter, and the IGBT inverter is attached inverter, when DC bus-bar voltage is higher than 200V, the IGBT inverter is a main inverter, and the MOSFET inverter is attached inverter, improves the operating efficiency of inverter with this.When the AC permanent magnet synchronous motor low cruise, drive by main inverter, attached inverter only is used to constitute winding loop; When the AC permanent magnet synchronous motor high-speed cruising, drive simultaneously by main inverter and attached inverter, utilize attached inverter to offset idle component that motor side presses to keep the increase demand of the constant and power of torque, thereby do not need to improve DC bus-bar voltage, reduced requirement batteries of electric automobile voltage by extra DC/DC circuit.
Described position detector adopts incremental optical-electricity encoder, and it exports 3 couples of differential signal: A+, A-, B+, B-, Z+, Z-.Wherein A mutually and B phase signals quadrature judges that two signal phase differences can judge the direction of rotation of AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the Z phase signals is a zero signal, and incremental optical-electricity encoder whenever revolves to turn around and passes through zero-bit and export a pulse.Fig. 3 is an A circuitry phase connection layout, A+, A-differential signal through the anti-phase reinforcement of operational amplifier after, anti-phase, the in-phase input end of input voltage comparator respectively, through voltage ratio after, output obtains A phase significant level, this signal is directly imported the DSP microprocessor.B is mutually identical with A with the processing method of Z phase mutually, here just not repeat specification.After obtaining accurately A, B, Z input signal, DSP just can turn to judgement, position and revolution speed calculating.
Be provided with merit angle closed loop controller (among the figure for showing) in the circuit of described position detector.Adopt merit angle closed-loop control, can improve the stability of motor torque, especially during low speed, adapt to the fluctuation of load that road conditions cause, by this method, can adopt photoelectric encoder cheaply, thereby improve the position sensing precision selectable range of controller greatly.Consider the overload magnification of motor simultaneously, the merit angle of motor is controlled in the limit merit angle, guarantee that motor moves under stable state, the stability of a system and fast-response when improving road condition change greatly and causing the motor load sudden change.
Described current detector comprises Hall element, operational amplifier A, operational amplifier B and operational amplifier C.Current detection circuit as shown in Figure 5, the phase current of AC permanent magnet synchronous motor is detected by Hall element, detection signal Ju carries out exporting after the current/voltage-converted through operational amplifier A, is output as negative voltage as can be known according to the operation principle of operational amplifier.Subsequently, voltage is added to the input of operational amplifier B, and this negative voltage is carried out oppositely and the ratio amplification.Because the A/D input voltage range of microprocessor TMS320F243 is 0～3V, so the voltage of operational amplifier B output can not directly be imported DSP, also need to carry out level deviation through operational amplifier C, as shown in Figure 3, at the superposeed bias voltage of 1.5V of the in-phase input end of operational amplifier C, make output voltage range furnishing 0～3V.
The phase current overcurrent is the problem that the motor operation runs into often; it not only has influence on the normal operation of motor; high load capacity, long overcurrent also may burn out power inverter; personal safety to operating personnel constitutes a serious threat; therefore, the utility model is provided with current foldback circuit in the circuit of power inverter.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4; current foldback circuit is mainly realized by an integrated voltage comparator LM393; the positive input terminal I1+ of integrated voltage comparator LM393 is connected with AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the output O1 of integrated voltage comparator LM393 is connected with the output of DSP microprocessor.When the motor operate as normal, FAULT holds high resistant, the positive input terminal I1+ voltage of integrated voltage comparator LM393 is+15V, negative input end I1-is+7.5V, positive input terminal voltage is higher than negative input end voltage, output O1 exports high level, and the PWM output of DSP microprocessor normally transfers to power inverter with control signal; When machine operation during in over-current state, FAULT holds output low level, make the positive input terminal I1+ clamper of integrated voltage comparator LM393 in low level, and negative input end I1-still is+7.5V, positive input terminal voltage is lower than negative input end, output O1 voltage reversal, the PWM output that triggers the DSP microprocessor is in high-impedance state, and power inverter quits work.
Described DSP microprocessor is mainly become with 8K word Flash EPROM, task manager and peripheral hardware interface group in the sheet by 554 word RAM in CPU, the sheet.As shown in Figure 1, this controller also includes PC host computer, keyboard and LED and shows, the DSP microprocessor is finished serial communication function with the PC host computer with the SCI interface, can set with reference to given position, speed, electric current by the PC host computer, also position, speed, current feedback detection limit can be sent in real time the PC host computer shows, also can finish driven in series LED charactron Presentation Function by the SPI interface by the keyboard to set up specified rate of digital I/O expansion.
The foregoing description is only for the usefulness that the utility model is described; and be not to restriction of the present utility model; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; under the situation that does not break away from spirit and scope of the present utility model; can also make various variations and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present utility model, and scope of patent protection of the present utility model should be limited by each claim.
Claims (7)
1. motor vehicle AC permanent magnet synchronous motor control system, comprise AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, power inverter, controller and detector, it is characterized in that: described controller is a DSP microprocessor, described detector comprises position detector and current detector, rotor-position/the rate signal and the current signal of detected AC permanent magnet synchronous motor are imported the DSP microprocessor respectively separately with it for described position detector and current detector, described DSP microprocessor calculates the set-point of electric current according to the rotor-position/rate signal of input, compare with the current detection value of input again and draw control signal corresponding, and drive AC permanent magnet synchronous motor through power inverter; Described power inverter adopts the two inversion bridge architectures of the three-phase that is made of MOSFET inverter and IGBT inverter, when DC bus-bar voltage is lower than 200V, described MOSFET inverter is a main inverter, described IGBT inverter is attached inverter, when DC bus-bar voltage is higher than 200V, described IGBT inverter is a main inverter, and described MOSFET inverter is attached inverter.
2. motor vehicle AC permanent magnet synchronous motor control system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: driven by main inverter during described AC permanent magnet synchronous motor low cruise, attached inverter only is used to constitute winding loop; During described AC permanent magnet synchronous motor high-speed cruising, drive simultaneously by main inverter and attached inverter.
3. motor vehicle AC permanent magnet synchronous motor control system as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: be provided with merit angle closed loop controller in the circuit of described position detector.
4. motor vehicle AC permanent magnet synchronous motor control system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described position detector adopts incremental optical-electricity encoder, and it exports 3 couples of differential signal: A+, A-, B+, B-, Z+, Z-; Wherein A mutually and B phase signals quadrature, the Z phase signals is a zero signal, incremental optical-electricity encoder whenever revolves to turn around exports a pulse through zero-bit.
5. motor vehicle AC permanent magnet synchronous motor control system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described current detector comprises Hall element, operational amplifier A, operational amplifier B and operational amplifier C, the phase current of described AC permanent magnet synchronous motor is detected by Hall element, detection signal carries out exporting negative voltage after the current/voltage-converted through operational amplifier A, be added to the input of operational amplifier B subsequently, this negative voltage is carried out oppositely and the ratio amplification, carry out level deviation through operational amplifier C at last.
6. motor vehicle AC permanent magnet synchronous motor control system as claimed in claim 3; it is characterized in that: the output of described DSP microprocessor is provided with a current foldback circuit that mainly is made of integrated voltage comparator LM393; the positive input terminal of described integrated voltage comparator LM393 (I1+) is connected with AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the output of described integrated voltage comparator LM393 (O1) is connected with the output of DSP microprocessor.
7. motor vehicle AC permanent magnet synchronous motor control system as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the electric capacity with filter function and feedback energy memory function is set in the described power inverter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202867418U CN201781456U (en) | 2010-08-10 | 2010-08-10 | Alternating-current permanent magnet synchronous motor control system for electric vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202867418U CN201781456U (en) | 2010-08-10 | 2010-08-10 | Alternating-current permanent magnet synchronous motor control system for electric vehicle |
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| CN201781456U true CN201781456U (en) | 2011-03-30 |
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| CN2010202867418U Expired - Fee Related CN201781456U (en) | 2010-08-10 | 2010-08-10 | Alternating-current permanent magnet synchronous motor control system for electric vehicle |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102377380A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-03-14 | 程基江 | Alternating current permanent magnet synchronous machine control system for electric vehicle |
| CN103138663A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-06-05 | 东菱技术股份有限公司 | Alternating current servo driver based on novel current detection and place feedback structure |
| DE102012216114A1 (en) | 2012-09-12 | 2014-03-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Current zero crossing at inverter |
| DE102012216106A1 (en) | 2012-09-12 | 2014-06-12 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Power electronics unit e.g. direct current voltage inverter, for hybrid car, has switching elements provided with semiconductor components, to adjust switching time in dependence on sign of phase current and magnitude of phase current |
| CN104743046A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2015-07-01 | 成都宽和科技有限责任公司 | Voltage difference moped system requiring gear positions and speed signals to be added into processor |
-
2010
- 2010-08-10 CN CN2010202867418U patent/CN201781456U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102377380A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-03-14 | 程基江 | Alternating current permanent magnet synchronous machine control system for electric vehicle |
| DE102012216114A1 (en) | 2012-09-12 | 2014-03-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Current zero crossing at inverter |
| WO2014040971A2 (en) | 2012-09-12 | 2014-03-20 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Current zero crossing in an inverter |
| DE102012216106A1 (en) | 2012-09-12 | 2014-06-12 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Power electronics unit e.g. direct current voltage inverter, for hybrid car, has switching elements provided with semiconductor components, to adjust switching time in dependence on sign of phase current and magnitude of phase current |
| US9634578B2 (en) | 2012-09-12 | 2017-04-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Current zero crossing in an inverter |
| CN103138663A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-06-05 | 东菱技术股份有限公司 | Alternating current servo driver based on novel current detection and place feedback structure |
| CN104743046A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2015-07-01 | 成都宽和科技有限责任公司 | Voltage difference moped system requiring gear positions and speed signals to be added into processor |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20110330 Termination date: 20120810 |