CN201768969U - Bevel gear top chamfering machine - Google Patents
Bevel gear top chamfering machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN201768969U CN201768969U CN2010201833791U CN201020183379U CN201768969U CN 201768969 U CN201768969 U CN 201768969U CN 2010201833791 U CN2010201833791 U CN 2010201833791U CN 201020183379 U CN201020183379 U CN 201020183379U CN 201768969 U CN201768969 U CN 201768969U
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- emery wheel
- bevel gear
- axle
- rotating shaft
- grinding wheel
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a bevel gear top chamfering machine, which comprises a work piece rotating shaft (A), a grinding wheel (2) and a grinding wheel control mechanism, wherein a chamfered bevel gear (1) is arranged on the work piece rotating shaft (A), and rotates along with the work piece rotating shaft (A); the grinding wheel control mechanism comprises a grinding wheel rotating shaft, a grinding wheel rack (3), a grinding wheel oscillating shaft (D), a vertical movement shaft (B) and a horizontal feeding shaft (C); the grinding wheel (2) is arranged on the grinding wheel rotating shaft; the grinding wheel rotating shaft is arranged on the grinding wheel rack (3); the grinding wheel (2) is oscillated along with the rotation of the grinding wheel rack (3) about the grinding wheel oscillating shaft (D), besides rotating about own axis of the grinding wheel rotating shaft; and the grinding wheel rack (3) performs up and down movement and feeding movement through the vertical movement shaft (B) and the horizontal feeding shaft (C) respectively. The bevel gear top chamfering machine is a four-shaft linkage fully numerical control machine tool, has high automation degree, is simple to operate and more easily ensures the quality of the product.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the bevel gear processing technique field, particularly the employed bevel gear tooth top of bevel gear tooth top chamfer angle technique beveler.
Background technology
Along with science and technology development, bevel gear tooth top chamfering also needs to finish by the mechanical automation beveler.It can improve the transmission performance of bevel gear pair, and the collision of the tooth top and the flank of tooth, stress are concentrated in the minimizing transmission process, reduce vibration and noise.Bevel gear tooth top chamfering all is to rely on manual operations all the time, and not only inefficiency but also quality are uneven.Because what use in chamfer process is angle grinding machine grinding, thereby can produce a large amount of dust, serious harm workman's physical and mental health.At present, the track of mechanical type bevel gear tooth top beveler emery wheel is to try to achieve by the calculating of complexity, at first set up the lathe model of bevel gear processing, utilize cutter and lathe adjusting parameter to calculate the equation of gear teeth tooth top, according to the chamfering requirement, the tip edge curvilinear equation is converted into the movement locus of emery wheel then.Because carrying out the calculating of emery wheel track is to be based upon on the theoretical tip edge model based, so the error that can't avoid gear teeth heat treatment deformation to bring.Have, prior mechanical bevel gear tooth top beveler can only carry out once that tooth top is monolateral to be cut again, and production efficiency is lower.Simultaneously, the tooth top chamfering for the bigger driving gear of helical angle implements also relatively difficulty.In view of above reason, research bevel gear tooth top chamfering principle and method, exploitation new high-efficiency bevel gear tooth top beveler is significant.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of new bevel gear tooth top beveler, and this device is by calculating grinding wheel chamfering movement trace, with simple and reliable and efficiently mode bevel gear teeth groove or tooth top two lateral edges are cut simultaneously.
For realizing the purpose of this utility model, a kind of bevel gear tooth top beveler is proposed, described beveler comprises workpiece rotating shaft A, emery wheel 2 and emery wheel controlling organization, and described workpiece rotating shaft A goes up chamfering bevel gear 1 is installed, and gear 1 rotates with the A axle;
Described emery wheel controlling organization comprises emery wheel rotating shaft, grinding carriage 3, emery wheel swinging axle D, vertical motion axle B and horizontal feed axle C;
Wherein, described emery wheel 2 is installed on the emery wheel rotating shaft, and described emery wheel rotating shaft is installed on the grinding carriage 3, and described emery wheel 2 is also swung around the rotation of emery wheel swinging axle D with grinding carriage 3 except that around the rotation of emery wheel rotating shaft self axis; Described grinding carriage 3 is done up and down and feed motion by described vertical motion axle B and horizontal feed axle C respectively.
Described emery wheel 2 is 90 ° around the full swing angle of emery wheel swinging axle D swing; Described workpiece rotating shaft A, emery wheel swinging axle D, horizontal feed axle C and vertical motion axle B are the numerical control axle.
Described emery wheel swinging axle D is fixed on the vertical slide plate 4, and described vertical slide plate 4 realizes moving up and down by the vertical rail plate on the column 56; Described column 5 is realized feed motion by horizontally-sliding guide 7.
Described emery wheel 2 is double-sided blade straight wheel or two-sides forming emery wheel, respectively the seamed edge of bevel gear teeth groove two lateral edges or tooth top both sides is cut simultaneously; Emery wheel 2 also can replace with milling cutter.
Novel bevel gear tooth top beveler disclosed in the utility model, and the computational methods of grinding wheel chamfering movement trace are compared with prior art, its beneficial effect is:
(1) the disclosed novel bevel gear tooth top of the utility model beveler is four-axle linked total controlled machine, and the automaticity height is simple to operate, and product quality is easier to be guaranteed.
(2) utilize the utility model to carry out chamfering simultaneously, enhance productivity greatly bevel gear teeth groove or tooth top two lateral edges.
(3) the disclosed new gear beveler of the utility model has improved the numerical control level of bevel gear chamfering machine; Disclosed bevel gear tooth top chamfering method more is applicable to the auto industry of China's fast development when enhancing productivity.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a bevel gear tooth top beveler schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Accompanying drawing 2 shows the way of realization of emery wheel and workpiece motion s;
Accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4 are the double-sided blade straight wheel schematic diagram of teeth groove both sides edge chamfering;
Accompanying drawing 5 is a double-sided blade straight wheel centric chamfer movement locus schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 6 is the monoblock type two-sides forming emery wheel schematic diagram of tooth top both sides edge chamfering;
Accompanying drawing 7 is the combined type two-sides forming emery wheel schematic diagram of tooth top both sides edge chamfering;
Accompanying drawing 8 is a two-sides forming emery wheel centric chamfer movement locus schematic diagram.
Wherein,
1 chamfering gear, 5 columns
2 emery wheels, 6 vertical rail plates
3 grinding carriages, 7 horizontally-sliding guides
4 vertical slide plate
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the utility model bevel gear tooth top beveler in detail.
The utility model proposes on the bevel gear tooth top beveler and can cut simultaneously bevel gear teeth groove or tooth top two lateral edges.As shown in Figure 1, this novel bevel gear tooth top beveler comprises horizontal axis C (X) axle, vertical axis B (Z) axle, and rotating shaft A axle and grinding carriage rotating shaft D axle are four-axle linked numerical control bevelers.
When using bevel gear tooth top beveler of the present utility model, adopt a kind of new method of calculating grinding wheel chamfering movement trace, be described in detail as follows:
(1) bevel gear tooth top chamfering model
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, bevel gear tooth top chamfering adopts common straight wheel, and two lateral edges of teeth groove are cut simultaneously.According to concrete discovering, straight wheel radially feeding can change the grinding radius of clean-up, forms oval grinding track.Can be used for compensating the bevel gear space width is like this changed by the big convergent of small end of holding.Emery wheel can be adjusted the angle of wheel grinding sword with respect to seamed edge around the swing of the axis in the mistake center of circle radially, i.e. the relative position relation of chamfering plane and the tooth top plane and the flank of tooth.Combining of the above two kinds of motions of emery wheel can also change emery wheel and cut the position on the teeth groove seamed edge.Based on grinding wheel movement principle explained above and tooth top chamfering mode, in carrying out whole chamfer process, for reaching chamfering width and the angle that requirement is poured out, when emery wheel carries out self rotation, also do along the feed motion of horizontal radial and follow grinding carriage and do oscillating motion.For guaranteeing that chamfering abrasive wheel contacts with teeth groove two lateral edges all the time, also need emery wheel for the helical movement on gear teeth tooth length direction.At this, the chamfering gear is rotated around self axis, guarantee the emery wheel center all the time in the shaft section of gear, the motion that emery wheel is given vertical direction simultaneously realizes that emery wheel cuts cutting of sword.In sum, in the whole chamfer process that realization bevel gear tooth top is cut, emery wheel is with respect to the approximate helix around cone of the chamfering track of workpiece.
On the novel spiral bevel gear tooth top beveler that designs based on above-mentioned bevel gear tooth top chamfering model, the way of realization that emery wheel and workpiece are finished several motions that whole chamfering needs and each motion is as follows:
As shown in Figure 2, the novel bevel gear tooth top beveler of utilization comprises horizontal axis C (X) axle, vertical axis B (Z) axle, and rotating shaft A axle and grinding carriage rotating shaft D axle are a kind of four-axle linked numerical control bevelers.
Workpiece 1 clamping rotates on the A axle, guarantees that arbitrary instantaneous emery wheel center is all in the gear shaft cross section; Because the tooth length direction of spiral bevel gear has helical angle, and the gear teeth are different in the helical angle of small end, mid point and big end, carry out the grinding chamfering for realizing that emery wheel 2 moves by teeth groove two lateral edges curves, so require emery wheel 2 on grinding carriage 3, to do oscillating motion, to adjust the angle of wheel grinding sword with respect to the teeth groove seamed edge with the rotation of D axle.Simultaneously, grinding carriage 3 is fixed on the slide plate 4, and realization emery wheel 2 moves up and down along the Gear axis direction, to guarantee that formed grinding wheel contacts with the wedge angle that teeth groove two lateral edges will be fallen all the time in shaft section; Because the gear teeth of bevel gear form along a cone,, support 5 does the front and back feed motion with respect to gear along guide rail b so arising from the C direction of principal axis together with emery wheel 2, grinding carriage 3, slide plate 4 one.The gear teeth tooth top chamfering model that utilizes this method to set up is called four-axle linked bevel gear tooth top chamfering.
Different according to toe, mid point and outer spiral angle, it is also different with respect to the pivot angle of teeth groove around the rotation of D axle that emery wheel 2 is followed grinding carriage 3, in conjunction with the feed motion of emery wheel 2 along C (X) axle, the angle of cutting the radius of clean-up, chamfering plane and tooth top plane and the cut position of emery wheel on the gear teeth at chamfer process medium plain emery wheel 2 all is constantly to change by adjusting so simultaneously.Four-axle linked bevel gear tooth top chamfering model is exactly that the above-described principle of utilizing of novelty is set up.Utilize the exercise performance and the chamfering method of this lathe, can realize teeth groove two lateral edges are carried out chamfering more equably simultaneously, prove the feasibility of spiral bevel gear tooth top chamfering on principle and method.
(2) the chamfering movement trace computational methods of emery wheel
The method of the bevel gear tooth top chamfering that the utility model proposes is that two seamed edges to the same teeth groove of bevel gear carry out chamfering simultaneously, can enhance productivity to a great extent.In the chamfer process to the calculating of grinding wheel movement track, broken and utilized bevel gear cutting shaping calculated with mathematical model tooth top equation in the past, be converted into the principle of grinding wheel movement track again, the proposition of novelty by measuring and calculate the method for shaping grinding wheel movement track in conjunction with the nurbs curve interpolation technique.
Carry out the calculating of chamfering abrasive wheel track and comprise following key step:
＜1〉in the shaft section of bevel gear, each the motion of manual control machine bed is measured each the coordinate that satisfies that chamfering requires at Heel, middle part and small end respectively.As shown in Figure 5, can record three groups of each coordinates that characterize machine tool motions at Heel, middle part and small end:
＜2 〉, utilize the nurbs curve Modeling Technology to be configured in the path curves of chamfer process medium plain emery wheel center with respect to workpiece according to measurement result;
By lathe each motion as can be known, the coordinate of vertical axes B (Z), horizontal axis C (X) and workpiece rotating shaft A (θ) has determined the relative position relation of emery wheel center and workpiece.As shown in Figure 3, suppose that the M point to cut gear teeth when middle part is with reference to original position, the emery wheel center in whole chamfer process with respect to the movement locus of workpiece and gear teeth tip edge for being similar to equidistantly, be a space free curve.With gear teeth middle parts M is reference, and the emery wheel centre coordinate that toe and big end are measured carries out conversion, then obtain the emery wheel center in lathe coordinate system tracing point P, M and the coordinate of Q:
According to the geometric position parameter of emery wheel center 3 P, M and Q in the space, utilize NURBS free curve Modeling Technology, the movement locus PQ at emery wheel center just can be configured to a spatial parameter curve, and is made as
(0≤u≤1).
＜3〉the NUBRS curve of being constructed is extended, compensate and revise with movement locus, and the parameter curve after will compensating is defined as chamfer process medium plain emery wheel center
(0≤u≤1);
As shown in Figure 5, if emery wheel carries out the tooth top chamfering by track PQ, obvious gear teeth tooth top is not cut complete, therefore will the trajectory parameters curve at emery wheel center be compensated and revise.Method in this employing is to parameter curve
Extend,, extend to E and F point respectively at the two ends of grinding wheel movement track.To parameter curve
The principle of extending is to guarantee that its original curvature characteristic is constant.At this, utilize NUBRS curve modeling technology to parameter curve
The specific practice of extending: 1. according to the Z coordinate of E (or F) point, at parameter curve
On counter asking calculate E (or F) some corresponding parameters value u
E(or u
F); 2. according to the anti-parameter of curve that obtains of asking, calculate the coordinate of E (or F) point,
(or
); 3. utilize E, P, M, Q, F 5 points on the emery wheel track, re-construct a new parameter curve
(0≤u≤1) to finish compensation and the correction to the grinding wheel movement track, guarantees the integrality of gear teeth chamfering.
＜4〉at emery wheel trajectory parameters curve
On (0≤u≤1), compose an arbitrary value u ' (0≤u '≤1), just ask for a tracing point coordinate accordingly to parameters u
Utilize formula θ=atan (Y/X) then,
(wherein
For around vector
The matrix of rotation,
Be the unit vector of pointing to Z axle positive direction), tracing point
Coordinate transform in workpiece spindle cross section (plane of Y=0), so just obtained the coordinate of lathe vertical axes B (Z), horizontal axis C (X) and workpiece rotating shaft A (θ), promptly determined the relative position relation of workpiece and emery wheel.Giving the parameters u initialize is u=0, gives small step delta u then, and u increases to 1 until the u+ Δ, can calculate the coordinate of arbitrary instantaneous required each of chamfer process.
The method of utilizing the utility model to provide can be calculated the chamfering movement trace coordinate of trying to achieve emery wheel, so, the motion of lathe vertical axes B (Z), horizontal axis C (X) and workpiece rotating shaft A (θ) is controlled, but also be unrealized around the control of D axle swing to emery wheel this moment.So, about emery wheel pendulum angle, i.e. D
The calculation procedure of axial coordinate is done following narration.
(1) as shown in Figure 5, try to achieve the emery wheel pendulum angle of Heel, middle part and the P of small end place, M and 3 correspondences of Q according to measurement, promptly the D axial coordinate is respectively:
With
(2) emery wheel pendulum angle
With
The corresponding workpiece rotational angle theta of difference
P, θ
MAnd θ
QAs described in previous contents, be reference still with gear teeth middle part M point, then Dui Ying workpiece corner variable quantity is respectively Δ θ
P (M), Δ θ
M (M)With Δ θ
Q (M)With the emery wheel pivot angle
Be expressed as workpiece corner variation delta θ
(M)Function, expression formula is a quadratic polynomial:
Wherein a, b are respectively the quadratic term of quadratic polynomial, coefficient once, and c is a constant term;
(3) as shown in Figure 5, P, M and 3 of Q are located
With Δ θ
(M)Value is brought quadratic polynomial into, solves the value of constant term coefficient a, b, c, just can determine equation.So in whole chamfer process, the pendulum angle of emery wheel utilizes quadratic equation just can calculate, emery wheel is controlled around the swing of D axle.So just can control each motion of lathe and realize the whole chamfer process of bevel gear teeth groove two lateral edges.
Accompanying drawing 6, accompanying drawing 7 and Fig. 8 are another embodiment of the present utility model, and accompanying drawing 8 is shown as the two-sides forming emery wheel and the two-sides forming emery wheel centric chamfer movement locus schematic diagram of tooth top both sides edge chamfering.
Utilize the two-sides forming emery wheel, can be simultaneously the seamed edge of bevel gear tooth top both sides be carried out chamfering.The center of emery wheel (2) is positioned at the shaft section of workpiece all the time, and emery wheel (2) shaping sword contacts with tooth top two lateral edges of processed gear, and bevel gear tooth top two lateral edges are cut simultaneously.
Emery wheel is the two-sides forming emery wheel, and shown in accompanying drawing 6 and accompanying drawing 7, what bevel gear tooth top chamfering adopted is the two-sides forming emery wheel, and tooth top two lateral edges are cut simultaneously.The sword of formed grinding wheel is made consistent with the desired degree of falling the top rake of chamfering seamed edge, can make as the monoblock type two-sides forming emery wheel of Fig. 6 and two kinds of forms of combined type two-sides forming emery wheel shown in Figure 7.
Although the utility model new high-efficiency bevel gear tooth top beveler is described; but the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiment; in this area; under enlightenment of the present utility model; do not breaking away under the scope that invention aim and claim protect; make any other change of form, all be subjected to protection of the present utility model.
Claims (4)
1. bevel gear tooth top beveler, described beveler comprises workpiece rotating shaft (A), emery wheel (2) and emery wheel controlling organization, it is characterized in that:
Described workpiece rotating shaft (A) is gone up chamfering bevel gear (1) is installed, and gear (1) is with the rotation of (A) axle;
Described emery wheel controlling organization comprises emery wheel rotating shaft, grinding carriage (3), emery wheel swinging axle (D), vertical motion axle (B) and horizontal feed axle (C);
Wherein, described emery wheel (2) is installed on the emery wheel rotating shaft, and described emery wheel rotating shaft is installed on the grinding carriage (3), and described emery wheel (2) is also swung around the rotation of emery wheel swinging axle (D) with grinding carriage (3) except that around the rotation of emery wheel rotating shaft self axis; Described grinding carriage (3) is done up and down and feed motion by described vertical motion axle (B) and horizontal feed axle (C) respectively.
2. bevel gear tooth top beveler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described emery wheel (2) is 90 ° around the full swing angle of emery wheel swinging axle (D) swing; Described workpiece rotating shaft (A), emery wheel swinging axle (D), horizontal feed axle (C) and vertical motion axle (B) are the numerical control axle.
3. bevel gear tooth top beveler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described emery wheel swinging axle (D) is fixed on the vertical slide plate (4), and described vertical slide plate (4) realizes moving up and down by the vertical rail plate (6) on the column (5); Described column (5) is realized feed motion by horizontally-sliding guide (7).
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described bevel gear tooth top bevelers, it is characterized in that described emery wheel (2) is double-sided blade straight wheel or two-sides forming emery wheel, respectively the seamed edge of bevel gear teeth groove two lateral edges or tooth top both sides is cut simultaneously; Emery wheel (2) also can replace with milling cutter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010201833791U CN201768969U (en) | 2010-05-10 | 2010-05-10 | Bevel gear top chamfering machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010201833791U CN201768969U (en) | 2010-05-10 | 2010-05-10 | Bevel gear top chamfering machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN201768969U true CN201768969U (en) | 2011-03-23 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010201833791U Expired - Fee Related CN201768969U (en) | 2010-05-10 | 2010-05-10 | Bevel gear top chamfering machine |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101829815A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-09-15 | 天津市精诚机床制造有限公司 | Bevel gear tooth crest processing method and bevel gear tooth crest chamfering machine |
| CN109396568A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-03-01 | 陕西法士特汽车传动集团有限责任公司 | A method of notch chamfering is covered using four-shaft numerically controlled milling machine processing tooth |
| CN115135442A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2022-09-30 | 格里森-普法特机械制造有限公司 | Method for machining workpiece teeth with tooth surface area, chamfering tool, control program for executing control command of method, and gear cutting machine |
-
2010
- 2010-05-10 CN CN2010201833791U patent/CN201768969U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101829815A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-09-15 | 天津市精诚机床制造有限公司 | Bevel gear tooth crest processing method and bevel gear tooth crest chamfering machine |
| CN109396568A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-03-01 | 陕西法士特汽车传动集团有限责任公司 | A method of notch chamfering is covered using four-shaft numerically controlled milling machine processing tooth |
| CN115135442A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2022-09-30 | 格里森-普法特机械制造有限公司 | Method for machining workpiece teeth with tooth surface area, chamfering tool, control program for executing control command of method, and gear cutting machine |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee |
Owner name: TIANJIN JINGCHENG MACHINE CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER NAME: JINGCHENG MACHINE TOOLS MFG. CO., LTD., TIANJIN CITY |
|
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: 300300 Tianjin City, Dongli Economic Development Zone, Lai Sun Road No. 1 Patentee after: Tianjin Jingcheng Machine Tool Co., Ltd. Address before: 300300 Tianjin City, Dongli Economic Development Zone, Lai Sun Road No. 1 Patentee before: Jingcheng Machine Tools Mfg. Co., Ltd., Tianjin City |
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| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20110323 Termination date: 20130510 |