CN201746520U - Biomass fluidized bed unit - Google Patents
Biomass fluidized bed unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN201746520U CN201746520U CN2010205249376U CN201020524937U CN201746520U CN 201746520 U CN201746520 U CN 201746520U CN 2010205249376 U CN2010205249376 U CN 2010205249376U CN 201020524937 U CN201020524937 U CN 201020524937U CN 201746520 U CN201746520 U CN 201746520U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a biomass fluidized bed unit, in particular to the biomass fluidized bed unit which takes biomass material as the raw material and processes clean and efficient fuel gas. The biomass fluidized bed unit comprises a feeding device, a producer, a dust remover, a spray tower, a filter and a gas storage tank; the producer is respectively connected with the feeding device and the dust remover; the spray tower is connected with the filter and then is arranged between the dust remover and the gas storage tank; the unit is characterized by further comprising a dust removing air cooler and an electrical tar precipitator; the dust remover, the dust removing air cooler, the spray tower, the filter and the electrical tar precipitator form a four-staged purifying system; the dust removing air cooler is arranged between the dust remover and the spray tower; and the electrical tar precipitator is arranged between the filter and the gas storage tank. The biomass fluidized bed takes waste biomass as the fuel and takes air as the gasifying agent, and reduces the production cost of the fuel gas; and the fuel gas is purified in four stages, so that the cleanliness of the fuel gas is greatly improved, thereby facilitating environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of combustion gas production unit, and especially a kind of biological material is a raw material, the combustion gas that processes cleaning, biomass fluid bed device efficiently.
Background technology
Along with the rapid development of economy of China, coal and electric power are more and more obvious to the 'bottleneck' restrictions of Economic development, and in considerable time from now on, coal supply will be nervous more.Simultaneously, along with country's policies and measures appearance of the control air environmental pollution thing discharging of science, strictness more, press for and seek a kind of cleaning, reproducible substitute energy.Biomass energy is a kind of ideal renewable energy source, and its source is very extensive, all has a large amount of agriculturals or forest waste output to utilize every year and is processed into biomass energy.At present, biomass energy consumption accounts for 14% of world's total energy consumption, is only second to oil, coal and Sweet natural gas, occupy the 4th, especially in developing country, the proportion that biomass energy accounts for can reach more than 50%, compare with fossil oil, biomass energy has the following advantages: 1, recyclability; 2, low contaminative, sulphur content, the nitrogen content of biomass is low, SOx, NOx in the combustion processes are less; When 3, biomass act as a fuel, because the amount of the amount of carbon dioxide that it needed in when growth carbonic acid gas of discharging when being equivalent to its burning, thereby the clean quantity discharged of atmospheric carbonic acid gas is similar to zero, can alleviates Greenhouse effect effectively.
Since Domestic First platform 10t/h steam output circulating fluidized bed in 1988 puts into operation, through 20 years of development, the central heating field is very ripe at home, and demonstrated extremely strong adaptability, the regular circulation fluidized-bed that uses is generally by pay-off at present, producer, fly-ash separator, spray column, strainer and gas-holder are formed, wherein fly-ash separator and spray column, strainer constitutes the two-step purification system, fuel is sent in the producer by pay-off, fuel fluidisation in producer produces the thick combustion gas that contains impurity, thick combustion gas enters purification system by the inlet mouth that producer is connected with fly-ash separator, first step purification system is a fly-ash separator, thick combustion gas enters second stage purification system after fly-ash separator is removed bigger granule foreign, second stage purification system is made of jointly spray column and strainer, combustion gas is through the spray column washing, strainer is stored in the gas-holder after filtering, supply with burning and use, the large granular impurity in the fly-ash separator is discharged via the ash releasing tube of fly-ash separator bottom.This class fluidized beds combustion wide adaptability can use pluralities of fuel simultaneously; Environmental protection characteristic is superior, and national standard is satisfied in discharging; Be heated evenly the thermo-efficiency advantages of higher in the stove.But, this class circulating fluidized bed also is not suitable for perfect combustion straw pavilion biolobic material fuel, biomass fuel has characteristics such as energy density is low, out-of-shape, high volatilization, low ash, grey light weight, alkali metal content height, adopt conventional circulating fluidized bed cause easily feed smooth, easily put up a bridge stop up, fluidisation is inhomogeneous, the problems such as high temperature corrosion of the easy conglomeration of bed, coking and heating surface, cause the decontamination effect improving of combustion gas poor, tar and dust content in the combustion gas are far longer than 20mg/Nm, and low to the afterheat utilization rate, can not fully utilize lime-ash.
Summary of the invention
To be solved in the utility modelly be exactly that the decontamination effect improving of existing circulation fluidized-bed gas is poor, low to the afterheat utilization rate, the bad adaptability of biomass fuel, the problem that can not fully utilize lime-ash, provide a kind of strong to biomass energy adaptability, and cleaning, biomass fluid bed device efficiently.
Biomass fluid bed device of the present utility model, comprise pay-off, producer, fly-ash separator, spray column, strainer and gas-holder, producer is connected with pay-off and fly-ash separator respectively, spray column be placed between fly-ash separator and the gas-holder after strainer is connected, it is characterized in that described biomass fluid bed device also is provided with dust collecting and air cooling device and electrical tar precipitator, fly-ash separator, the dust collecting and air cooling device, spray column and strainer, electrical tar precipitator is formed the level Four purification system, the dust collecting and air cooling device is placed between fly-ash separator and the spray column, the dust collecting and air cooling device is further removed the dust granule in the combustion gas, and reduce the temperature of combustion gas by heat exchange, and heat unnecessary in the combustion gas sent back to producer, improve heat utilization efficiency; Electrical tar precipitator is placed between strainer and the gas-holder, is used for separating the tar of combustion gas.
On the described biomass fluid bed device PLC controller has been installed also, this controller is connected with pay-off, producer, purification system and gas-holder respectively, temperature, pressure and flow signal by PLC monitoring control devices equipment, regulate feeding quantity and air output, improve gasification efficiency, factor of created gase and efficiency of carbon conversion.
Described dust collecting and air cooling device comprises air duct, centrifugal high pressure fan and support, and air duct is placed on the support, and the air duct outer wall wraps up with hollow interlayer, and the air duct top is provided with bend pipe, and the dust collecting and air cooling device is connected with fly-ash separator by bend pipe; The air duct bottom is provided with ash releasing tube, and this ash releasing tube is communicated with the ash releasing tube of fly-ash separator bottom; Place centrifugal high pressure fan on the support, the air duct interlayer is connected with centrifugal high pressure fan, producer respectively by square tube; Corrugated steel tube is arranged on the top of air duct, and the dust collecting and air cooling device is connected with spray column with corrugated steel tube.
Power supply box is equipped with at described electrical tar precipitator top, vertical venting, horizontal venting, inlet pipe, escape pipe and tar relief outlet are set on the sidewall, electrical tar precipitator is connected with strainer and gas-holder respectively with escape pipe by inlet pipe, power supply box produces high-voltage electric field for electrical tar precipitator provides electric energy, make combustion gas and tar separation, and by two ventings pressure-relief explosion-proof when pressure increases suddenly, the tar that is separated is discharged by the tar relief outlet.
Described producer is provided with equal air compartment in the middle of the bottom, all air compartment is connected with fan by trousers type pipe, fan also is connected with fly-ash separator and dust collecting and air cooling device simultaneously, fan is sent into fly-ash separator and dust collecting and air cooling device to normal temperature air, exchange out part heat in the combustion gas with normal temperature air, reduce the temperature of combustion gas, fan is sent the air after the heating back to producer again and is participated in reaction, improves heat utilization efficiency.
Described pay-off bottom is provided with feed screw, feed screw is connected with producer, feed screw and ground are 15 degree angles, pay-off inside is provided with stir shaft, fuel is sent in the producer by feed screw, stir shaft stirs biomass fuel, prevents biomass fuel bridging obstruction.
Of the present utility model biomass fluid bed be fuel with the abandoned biomass, cook vaporized chemical with air, reduced the production cost of combustion gas, and combustion gas purifies through level Four, the combustion gas degree of cleaning improve greatly, help environment protection.Fuel at first is processed to the fuel of certain granules degree scope, send into producer by pay-off then, under normal pressure, carry out the fluidization gasification, pyrolysis under certain furnace temperature, while gas phase tar in the cracking combustion gas in producer, a part of fine particle fuel enters purification system with combustion gas.Thick combustion gas purifies through the strictness of level Four purification system and fully after the cooling, stores in the gas-holder that reinjects and provides clean fuel gas in the constant voltage mode.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model front view
Wherein, pay-off 1, producer 2, fly-ash separator 3, dust collecting and air cooling device 4, spray column 5, strainer 6, induced draft fan 7, electrical tar precipitator 8, gas-holder 9, feed screw 10, equal air compartment 11, Blowing stopper 12, trousers type pipe 13, tangent line inlet mouth 14, corrugated tube 15, ash releasing tube 16, bend pipe 17, centrifugal high pressure fan 18, corrugated steel tube 19, washing tower 20, Venturi tube 21, tracheae 22, inlet pipe 23, power supply box 24, vertical venting 25, horizontal venting 26, escape pipe 27, tar relief outlet 28, interlayer 29, square tube 30.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of biomass fluid bed device, comprise pay-off 1, producer 2, fly-ash separator 3, dust collecting and air cooling device 4, spray column 5, strainer 6, electrical tar precipitator 8 and gas-holder 9, each equipment connects successively, fly-ash separator 3, dust collecting and air cooling device 4, spray column 5 and strainer 6, electrical tar precipitator 8 are formed the level Four purification system, biomass fuel is sent into producer 2 via pay-off 1, the fluidization pyrolysis generates the thick combustion gas that has tar, granular coke and dust in producer 2, and thick combustion gas is stored in the gas-holder 9 after purifying through purification system.On this biomass fluid bed device the PCL controller is housed also, the PLC controller is connected with pay-off 1, producer 2, purification system and gas-holder 9 respectively, the PLC controller is by temperature, pressure and the flow signal of monitoring, control each several part equipment, rationally regulate feeding quantity and air output, enhance productivity.
Pay-off 1 is made up of hopper, feed screw 10 and support, and hopper is placed on the support; Hopper top is square, and the bottom angle is put into hopper after biomass fuel is processed into particulate state, is provided with stir shaft in the hopper, with the stirring biomass fuel that stir shaft does not stop, prevents that biomass fuel is built on stilts; Feed hopper bottom connects feed screw 10, feed screw 10 is 15 degree angles with the ground angle, feed screw 10 is made up of electromagnetic adjustable speed motor, gear reducer and screw feeding axle, and feed spool one end is connected with producer 2, and granular fuel is sent in the producer 2 by feed spool.
Producer 2 is a steel cylinders, is made up of body of heater, equal air compartment 11, spiral ash handling equipment and support, and body of heater is placed on the support, connects equal air compartment 11 in the middle of the bottom of furnace body, and all air compartment 11 is used for cloth wind; All air compartment 11 middle parts connect trousers type pipe 13, and trousers type pipe 13 other ends connect fan, and fan is connected with the interlayer 29 of dust collecting and air cooling device 4 again, and the high temperature air in the interlayer 29 is sent into producer 2; The bottom of furnace body side has ash output hole, ash output hole connects the spiral ash handling equipment of being made up of spiral Machine for cleaning-out ash, electromagnetic adjustable speed motor and reducer of turbodrill, the pyrolysis in body of heater of granular fuel becomes to have the thick combustion gas of tar, granular coke and dust, and thick then combustion gas enters the level Four purification system and purifies.
The first step purifies and is fly-ash separator 3 dedustings, efficiency of dust collection 60%.Fly-ash separator 3 is long cone, and its upper portion side wall is provided with tangent line inlet mouth 14, and the bottom connects ash releasing tube 16 with flange, and the top is provided with corrugated tube 15, and corrugated tube 15 is connected with dust collecting and air cooling device 4 by bend pipe 17.Produce thick combustion gas in the producer 2 and enter fly-ash separator 3 by tangent line inlet mouth 14, thick combustion gas fast rotational in fly-ash separator 3, the dust of larger particles is impingement dust separator 3 inwalls under centrifugal action, separate with thick combustion gas, and thick combustion gas enters dust collecting and air cooling device 4 by corrugated tube 15, bend pipe 17; Ash releasing tube 16 bottoms are provided with Blowing stopper 12, and the flabellum of rotation is arranged in the Blowing stopper 12, and dust is discharged by Blowing stopper 12 bottoms, and can avoid air admission fly-ash separator 3 inside.
The second stage purifies and is 4 dedustings of dust collecting and air cooling device, efficiency of dust collection 90%.Dust collecting and air cooling device 4 comprises air duct, centrifugal high pressure fan 18 and support, and air duct is placed on the support, and the air duct outer wall wraps up with hollow interlayer 29, and the air duct top is connected with bend pipe 17; Air duct top is provided with corrugated steel tube 19, and corrugated steel tube 19 is connected with spray column 5; The air duct bottom is provided with ash releasing tube 16, and this ash releasing tube 16 is communicated with the ash releasing tube 16 of fly-ash separator 3 bottoms; Centrifugal high pressure fan 18 is placed in the support bottom, and the interlayer 29 of air duct is connected with the fan of centrifugal high pressure fan 18, producer 2 respectively by square tube 30.Thick combustion gas enters dust collecting and air cooling device 4 back flow velocitys and slows down, dust granule in the thick combustion gas is because self gravitation is precipitated to the air duct bottom gradually, get rid of by ash releasing tube 16, centrifugal high pressure fan 18 is sent into interlayer 29 to normal temperature air, absorb the heat of combustion gas in the air duct, reduce the temperature of combustion gas, the air after being heated returns producer 2 by fan, improves the utilization ratio of combustion gas heat.Combustion gas behind the secondary-cleaned enters spray column 5 by corrugated steel tube 19.
The third stage purifies and is spray column 5 dedustings, efficiency of dust collection 98%.Spray column 5 comprises four washing towers 20, Venturi tube 21, shower nozzle and support composition; Be placed on the support after four washing tower 20 series connection, connect with Venturi tube 21 between each washing tower 20, all place a shower nozzle in each washing tower 20; Combustion gas is cleaned cooling by shower nozzle to combustion gas after entering spray column 5, further makes combustion gas and dust separation.Strainer 6 is connected with spray column 5 by tracheae 22, and induced draft fan 7 is housed on the tracheae 22, and induced draft fan 7 filters once more introducing in the strainer 6 through the combustion gas of cleaning.
The fourth stage purifies to electrical tar precipitator 8 removes tar and dust, is mainly used in the tar of removing in the combustion gas, efficiency of dust collection 98%.Combustion gas after the multiple times of filtration enters electrical tar precipitator 8 bottoms by inlet pipe 23, the power supply box of being installed by electrical tar precipitator 8 tops 24 provides power supply, at the electrical tar precipitator 8 inner high-voltage electric fields that produce, the tar separation that has in the combustion gas is come out, obtain purified combustion gas.Vertical venting 25, horizontal venting 26 and 28, two ventings of tar relief outlet pressure-relief explosion-proof when pressure increases suddenly are set on electrical tar precipitator 8 sidewalls.The tar that is separated is discharged by tar relief outlet 28.
Be stored in the gas-holder 9 by escape pipe 27 through the pure combustion gas after the level Four purification, provide clean fuel gas in the constant voltage mode.
The utlity model has following advantage:
1, pay-off carries out feeding and ground inclination 15 degree angles by feed screw, can prevent that fuel from strile-bacing, and improves biomass fluid bed reliability and security;
2, use is based on the biomass fluidization bed gasification process control system of PLC controller. This system rationally regulates feeding quantity and air output by temperature, pressure and the flow signal of each capital equipment of detection of biological fluidized bed, has improved gasification efficiency, factor of created gase, efficiency of carbon con version and fuel gases calorific value;
3, send into air with pressure fan and indirect heat exchange is carried out in combustion gas, improve biomass fluid bed heat utilization efficiency;
4, maintenance operation is simple, and action required personnel are few;
5, the diversity of fuel, various biomass materials, such as rice husk, stalk, sawdust etc., and coal all can be used as fuel.
Claims (6)
1. biomass fluid bed device, comprise pay-off (1), producer (2), fly-ash separator (3), spray column (5), strainer (6) and gas-holder (9), producer (2) is connected with pay-off (1) and fly-ash separator (3) respectively, spray column (5) be placed between fly-ash separator (3) and the gas-holder (9) after strainer (6) is connected, it is characterized in that described biomass fluid bed device also is provided with dust collecting and air cooling device (4) and electrical tar precipitator (8), fly-ash separator (3), dust collecting and air cooling device (4), spray column (5) and strainer (6), electrical tar precipitator (8) is formed the level Four purification system, and dust collecting and air cooling device (4) is placed between fly-ash separator (3) and the spray column (5); Electrical tar precipitator (8) is placed between strainer (6) and the gas-holder (9).
2. a kind of biomass fluid bed device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that on the described biomass fluid bed device PLC controller being installed also, this controller is connected with pay-off (1), producer (2), purification system and gas-holder (9) respectively.
3. a kind of biomass fluid bed device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described dust collecting and air cooling device (4) comprises air duct, centrifugal high pressure fan (18) and support, air duct is placed on the support, the air duct outer wall wraps up with hollow interlayer (29), the air duct top is provided with bend pipe (17), and dust collecting and air cooling device (4) is connected with fly-ash separator (3) by bend pipe (17); The air duct bottom is provided with ash releasing tube (16), and this ash releasing tube (16) is communicated with the ash releasing tube (16) of fly-ash separator (3) bottom; Place centrifugal high pressure fan (18) on the support, air duct interlayer (29) is connected with centrifugal high pressure fan (18), producer (2) respectively by square tube (30); Corrugated steel tube (19) is arranged on the top of air duct, and dust collecting and air cooling device (4) is connected with spray column (5) with corrugated steel tube (19).
4. a kind of biomass fluid bed device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described electrical tar precipitator (8) top is equipped with power supply box (24), vertical venting (25), horizontal venting (26), inlet pipe (23), escape pipe (27) and tar relief outlet (28) are set on the sidewall, and electrical tar precipitator (8) is connected with strainer (6) and gas-holder (9) respectively with escape pipe (27) by inlet pipe (23).
5. a kind of biomass fluid bed device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in the middle of described producer (2) bottom equal air compartment (11) being set, all air compartment (11) is connected with fan by trousers type pipe (13), and fan also is connected with fly-ash separator (3) and dust collecting and air cooling device (4) simultaneously.
6. a kind of biomass fluid bed device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described pay-off (1) bottom is provided with feed screw (10), feed screw (10) is connected with producer (2), feed screw (10) is 15 degree angles with ground, and pay-off (1) inside is provided with stir shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205249376U CN201746520U (en) | 2010-09-10 | 2010-09-10 | Biomass fluidized bed unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205249376U CN201746520U (en) | 2010-09-10 | 2010-09-10 | Biomass fluidized bed unit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201746520U true CN201746520U (en) | 2011-02-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2010205249376U Expired - Fee Related CN201746520U (en) | 2010-09-10 | 2010-09-10 | Biomass fluidized bed unit |
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| CN (1) | CN201746520U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102154031A (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2011-08-17 | 华北电力大学 | Biomass gasification system |
| CN103752429A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-30 | 通辽和田牧业科技发展有限公司 | Air-cooling dust removal system and particle production device group |
-
2010
- 2010-09-10 CN CN2010205249376U patent/CN201746520U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102154031A (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2011-08-17 | 华北电力大学 | Biomass gasification system |
| CN103752429A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-04-30 | 通辽和田牧业科技发展有限公司 | Air-cooling dust removal system and particle production device group |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20110216 Termination date: 20180910 |