CN201638046U - Corn nitrogen fertilizer variable fertilization control device based on normalized vegetation index - Google Patents
Corn nitrogen fertilizer variable fertilization control device based on normalized vegetation index Download PDFInfo
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- CN201638046U CN201638046U CN2010201657338U CN201020165733U CN201638046U CN 201638046 U CN201638046 U CN 201638046U CN 2010201657338 U CN2010201657338 U CN 2010201657338U CN 201020165733 U CN201020165733 U CN 201020165733U CN 201638046 U CN201638046 U CN 201638046U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a corn nitrogen fertilizer variable fertilization control device based on normalized vegetation index, which conducts real-time measurement of spectrum data of corn crown layer and diagnoses nitrogen requirement for the corn and controls the fertilizing amount through combining the running speed of the fertilizing machine. The device comprises a main controller of a variable fertilizing control device using a single chip microcomputer as the core, a corn high-spectrum data collecting sensor, a fertilizing machine running-speed sensor, a stepping motor and a generator. The device is characterized in that: the corn high-spectrum data collecting sensor, the fertilizing machine running-speed sensor, the stepping motor and the generator are electrically connected with the main controller, and are controlled by the main controller to work.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of spectroscopic data of real-time measurement corn canopy and diagnose the corn nitrogen requirement, control the corn nitrogenous fertilizer variable fertilization control device based on normalized differential vegetation index of rate of fertilizer application in conjunction with the gait of march of fertilizer machinery.
Technical background
In recent years, the consumption of China's chemical fertilizer and the output of crops are all increasing year by year, but drop into extremely unbecoming with output.The increase of rate of fertilizer and the decline of utilization ratio have not only caused massive losses economically, and have caused the serious environmental pollution.How to improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio effectively, reduce nutrient loss and environmental pollution, improve fertilizing method and become an instant problem.
The variable fertilization technology imposes different fertilizer according to soil fertility between the piece of small scale field and crop growing state difference, can reduce fertilizer application amount, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, alleviates the pollution to environment.The control of variable fertilization has two kinds of forms at present, and a kind of is prescription information control fertilizer practice, and another kind is to control fertilizer practice in real time.
Prescription information control fertilizer practice is the prescription fertilising information that provides according to the electronic chart after the decision analysis, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields to fertilizer in the piece of field positions regulation and control, these soil informations and fertilising instruction all are prior mensuration, calculate well, then do not consider basically as for the difference of each sub-district crop growing state.Therefore, say from the strict sense that this variable fertilization technology is a kind of " fertilization compositions based on earth measurement " technology.
In real time the control fertilizer practice is the information according to the monitoring soil sensor, generates the fertilising control decision in real time and adjusts the input quantity of fertilizer, or regulate rate of fertilizer application according to the crop spectral information analysis of real-time monitoring.External in recent years scientist develops various " multispectral image sensors ", can obtain the NDVI (normalized differential vegetation index) of crop in real time by spectrum sensor.NDVI is widely used a kind of vegetation index, is the best indicator of plant growth state and vegetation space distribution density, with plant nitrogen nutrition situation higher correlativity is arranged.This index is used for weighing the health status of crop and the quality of growing way at large at present.Therefore, can estimate the crop nitrogen requirement effectively by spectral analysis to blade or colony.External existing moulding at present carry out the set of equipments of variable fertilization based on real-time collection NDVI.But price is generally very high, and the weather of its foundation is all very not identical with China with edaphic condition etc., is not suitable for promoting in China.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model be to provide a kind of by real-time measurement corn canopy spectroscopic data and diagnose the corn nitrogen requirement, in conjunction with the corn nitrogenous fertilizer variable fertilization control device based on normalized differential vegetation index of the gait of march control rate of fertilizer application of fertilizer machinery.
The purpose of this utility model is to realize like this, this device comprises with the single-chip microcomputer being variable fertilization control device master controller, corn high-spectral data pick-up transducers, fertilizer machinery gait of march sensor, stepper motor, the generator of core, described corn high-spectral data pick-up transducers, fertilizer machinery gait of march sensor, stepper motor, generator are electrically connected with master controller, and by its work of main controller controls.
Described corn high-spectral data pick-up transducers is a kind of high spectrum sensor of herborization normalized differential vegetation index NDVI value; Described fertilizer machinery gait of march sensor is to adopt Hall element.
Described corn high-spectral data pick-up transducers is connected with master controller by the RS232 mouth.
The utility model has been explored the technology of carrying out variable fertilization according to the NDVI value.The GreenSeeker sensor that system adopts U.S. NTeach company to produce obtains the NDVI value in real time, analyze the growing way difference in the corn growth process, and, need the concrete condition of nitrogen to provide the fertilising decision-making according to corn by judging the potential production of corn, carry out variable fertilization.System mainly comprises information acquisition, data processing and enforcement body's several sections.The information acquisition part is made up of the high spectrum sensor of GreenSeeker, Hall element and GPS module.Data processing section adopts the STC89C516RD+ single-chip microcomputer that data are carried out real-time operation and handles.Enforcement body is made up of stepper motor and mechanical fertilization machine two parts.System obtains the NDVI value of on-the-spot corn canopy in real time by the GreenSeeker sensor, and according to the optimum nitrogen fertilizer amount model of obtaining through overtesting (NFOA), with the gait of march of the variable-rate fertilization that calculates by Hall element, calculate the consumption that topdresses in real time, generate the fertilising control strategy.Finally control the size realization variable fertilization of rate of fertilizer application, and simultaneously information stores such as fertilization time, gps coordinate, NDVI value, rate of fertilizer application are got off by the rotating speed of adjusting stepper motor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a variable fertilization control device one-piece construction block diagram
Fig. 2 is the control device circuit diagram
Fig. 3 is the control device fundamental diagram
Fig. 4 Hall element control circuit figure
Fig. 5 high-spectral data pick-up transducers control circuit figure
Fig. 6 stepping motor control circuit figure.
Embodiment
Shown in accompanying drawing 1: it comprises with the single-chip microcomputer being variable fertilization control device master controller, corn high-spectral data pick-up transducers, fertilizer machinery gait of march sensor, stepper motor, the generator of core, described corn high-spectral data pick-up transducers, fertilizer machinery gait of march sensor, stepper motor, generator are electrically connected with master controller, and by its work of main controller controls.
Shown in Fig. 2,4,5: described corn high-spectral data pick-up transducers is a kind of high spectrum sensor of herborization normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI) value; Described fertilizer machinery gait of march sensor is to adopt Hall element.
Shown in the accompanying drawing 2: described corn high-spectral data pick-up transducers is connected with master controller by the RS232 mouth.
In the accompanying drawing 2: Hall element control circuit Fig. 1, stepping motor control circuit Fig. 2, high-spectral data pick-up transducers control circuit Fig. 3.
In the accompanying drawing 4: connect Hall element end 4,5; In the accompanying drawing 5: connect high-spectral data pick-up transducers end 6; In the accompanying drawing 6: connect stepper motor end 7.
Principle of work is as follows:
1, information acquisition
Information acquisition is the link of be responsible for gathering external information in the variable fertilization control device, comprises the impulse speed collection of the data acquisition, Hall element (being used for detecting the state of pears of fertilizer applicator and the gait of march of calculating fertilizer machinery) of GreenSeeker spectrum sensor.
2, data processing
Data processing is that the data of gathering are calculated the operation link that generates the fertilising decision-making, comprises two parts of rotating speed of calculating required rate of fertilizer application and stepper motor.We adopt the NFOA algorithm of process parameter optimization the calculating of rate of fertilizer application.NFOA (N FertilizerOptimization Algorithm) algorithm be the Raun of U.S. E Kelan Homer state university etc. set up in 2002 fully based on the nitrogen application optimized Algorithm of NDVI value, the prerequisite of this algorithm is the local fertilizer of using in growing way poor (the NDVI value is low) more, and measure with standard is fertile in the place of growing way good (the NDVI value is high).Comprise 6 submodels in the nitrogenous fertilizer optimized Algorithm model:
1. predict potential production YP
0(the fertile output of no N) submodel: YP
0=A1+C1e
B1 (INSEY)
Wherein: INSEY=NDVI
(routine is executed the N district)/ d (d refer to topdress fate) from planting to
2. the fertile response index (RI of N
NDVI) submodel:
3. target of prediction output (YP
N) submodel: YP
N=YP
0* RI
NDVI
4. calculate corn and on average contain N% amount (PNG) submodel: PNG=A2+B2 * YP
N
By the absorption total amount (GNUP) of PNG calculating corn N, GNUP=PNG * YP
N
5. uptake (FNUP) submodel: the FNUP=A3+C3e of N before topdressing by NDVI calculating corn
B3*NDVI
6. calculate this season nitrogenous fertilizer and impose quantum model: FNR=(GNUP-FNUP)/0.7
3, enforcement body
Enforcement body comprises machinery (cultivator-fertilizer) and two parts of stepper motor of implementing variable fertilization.This part is based on the 2BFQ-6 type aspirated-air type precise sowing variable-rate fertilization (national 863 project 2003AA209090) of developments such as the Tian Yun of Jilin Agriculture University, Qu Guibao.This machine adopts six groove cast aluminium outer groove wheel fertilizer apparatus fertilizers, and the variable fertilization precision is less than 5%, transmission shaft variable fertilization scope 0-675kg/hm2, working width 3-5 rice.This fertilizer applicator adopts the control section of oil motor as control fertilising transmission shaft, and according to this project characteristic, we adopt stepper motor replacement liquid pressure motor to drive transmission shaft and rotate, the control rate of fertilizer application.The bearing that adopted 12: 21 between stepper motor and the fertilising transmission shaft is connected with chain.Use gasoline engine generator that control system is powered.
4, work implementation process
In control device when work as shown in Figure 3,, whether the plough that at first detects fertilizer machinery puts down and whether the GPS module has signal, can carry out fertilising work if signal is arranged then prove.System reads the NDVI value of the corn canopy of GreenSeeker spectrum sensor collection by the RS232 mouth, then in conjunction with the required rate of fertilizer application of NFOA algorithm computation unit area, pulsed frequency by Hall element calculates the distance that fertilizer machinery passes through in the sampling time, has so just obtained required rate of fertilizer application in the sampling time.Realize accurate variable fertilization by the control step rotating speed of motor then, and store current fertilising information simultaneously.
Claims (3)
1. corn nitrogenous fertilizer variable fertilization control device based on normalized differential vegetation index, it is characterized in that: it comprises with the single-chip microcomputer being variable fertilization control device master controller, corn high-spectral data pick-up transducers, fertilizer machinery gait of march sensor, stepper motor, the generator of core, described corn high-spectral data pick-up transducers, fertilizer machinery gait of march sensor, stepper motor, generator are electrically connected with master controller, and by its work of main controller controls.
2. according to claims 1 described a kind of corn nitrogenous fertilizer variable fertilization control device based on normalized differential vegetation index, it is characterized in that: described corn high-spectral data pick-up transducers is a kind of high spectrum sensor of herborization normalized differential vegetation index NDVI value; Described fertilizer machinery gait of march sensor is to adopt Hall element.
3. according to claims 1 described a kind of corn nitrogenous fertilizer variable fertilization control device based on normalized differential vegetation index, it is characterized in that: described corn high-spectral data pick-up transducers is connected with master controller by the RS232 mouth.
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| CN2010201657338U CN201638046U (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2010-04-15 | Corn nitrogen fertilizer variable fertilization control device based on normalized vegetation index |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010201657338U CN201638046U (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2010-04-15 | Corn nitrogen fertilizer variable fertilization control device based on normalized vegetation index |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103543686A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-29 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Intelligent precision fertilizer applicator and control thereof |
| CN107426963A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2017-12-01 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | For agriculture chemistry mixture to be applied to the method and vehicle of field operating area |
| CN107976921A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-05-01 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of fertilizer apparatus and method |
| CN107991245A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-05-04 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of crop spectral information harvester and crop vegetation index acquisition methods |
| CN111279868A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-06-16 | 华南农业大学 | Real-time accurate spraying method for rice |
| CN116700122A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-09-05 | 长春理工大学 | Subsoiling fertilization control system with self-adaptive fertilizer compensation |
-
2010
- 2010-04-15 CN CN2010201657338U patent/CN201638046U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103543686A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-29 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Intelligent precision fertilizer applicator and control thereof |
| CN103543686B (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2016-04-27 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Intelligent accurate fertilizer applicator and control thereof |
| CN107426963A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2017-12-01 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | For agriculture chemistry mixture to be applied to the method and vehicle of field operating area |
| CN107426963B (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2021-05-14 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | Method and vehicle for applying an agrochemical mixture to a field work area |
| CN107976921A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-05-01 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of fertilizer apparatus and method |
| CN107991245A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-05-04 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of crop spectral information harvester and crop vegetation index acquisition methods |
| CN111279868A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-06-16 | 华南农业大学 | Real-time accurate spraying method for rice |
| CN111279868B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-12-14 | 华南农业大学 | Real-time accurate spraying method for rice |
| CN116700122A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-09-05 | 长春理工大学 | Subsoiling fertilization control system with self-adaptive fertilizer compensation |
| CN116700122B (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-10-13 | 长春理工大学 | Subsoiling fertilization control system with self-adaptive fertilizer compensation |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20101117 Termination date: 20110415 |