CN201637737U - Cement-based material contraction and cracking performance detector - Google Patents
Cement-based material contraction and cracking performance detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN201637737U CN201637737U CN2009202776577U CN200920277657U CN201637737U CN 201637737 U CN201637737 U CN 201637737U CN 2009202776577 U CN2009202776577 U CN 2009202776577U CN 200920277657 U CN200920277657 U CN 200920277657U CN 201637737 U CN201637737 U CN 201637737U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a cement-based material contraction and cracking performance detector, which belongs to the field of material detection. The cement-based material contraction and cracking performance detector mainly comprises an image collector and a signal processor, wherein the signal processor consists of an image collection module, an image processing module, a result display module and a communication module, the image collector comprises a support frame, a transverse displacement control rod, a vertical displacement control rod, a displacement regulation controller, a clamp and image taking equipment, an image pre-processing unit completes the gray scale conversation and the effective region selection and cutting of images in the image processing module of the signal processor, an image enhancing unit peels a study object from a background image through smoothing processing, sharpening processing and gray scale morphologic operation, and an image analysis unit completes the feature extraction on the study object and the calculation on the crack width and the construction value. The utility model has the advantages of stable structure, visual analysis, multiple channels, high precision (20mum) and good economical efficiency, and is particularly suitable for the contraction and cracking performance detection of materials such as net pulp, sand pulp, concrete and the like.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the material tests field, is specifically related to a kind of device that cement-based material shrinkage cracking performance is detected.
Background technology
In technology of producing cement and the concrete preparation technique, the contraction of cement-based material, cracking phenomena can have a strong impact on the volume stability and the endurance quality of material, also are the focuses of Chinese scholars research.Although relevant method of testing is a lot, as utilizing contact method based on length, volume change, carry out the measurement of shrinkage based on the contactless method of sensor and optical principle, but existing method of testing respectively has relative merits: contact method equipment is simple, but precision lower, be subject to the influence of operating personnel's subjective factor; Contactless method has advantage on precision, but has comparatively problems such as complexity, cost height of actual mechanical process, and two kinds of methods all just are applicable to the measurement that different phase is shunk.Along with technical progress, traditional test, the evaluation means of cement concrete obtained further perfect, research method in the more brand-new or cross discipline has also obtained sufficient application in test, the monitoring of cement concrete and in estimating, digital image processing techniques are exactly to use comparatively successful a kind of technology, as utilize the frequency histogram function in the digital image analysis software that the pore in the concrete zone to be measured is carried out class test, estimate the pore structure feature in the xoncrete structure; Sample section after utilizing backscattered electron image (BSEI) analytical technology to polishing carries out graphical analysis, and hydrated cement grog is not observed, and according to all represent the not pixel value of hydrated cement phase in every width of cloth image, carries out the test of degree of hydration.
Geng Fei has utilized the Delphi language compilation " crack picture analysis software ", carry out the observation and the evaluation (Southeast China University's master thesis) of concrete plastic crack feature, but because this software mainly is the O﹠A at FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS, on precision, there is (because the restriction of capture instrument of very big defective, its image resolution ratio is 640 * 480Pixels, realistic accuracy is the millimeter level), if be used for shrinking measurement, its precision is far from being enough.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of can shrink the device that detects and estimate with cracking performance based on digital image processing techniques to cement-based material.
A kind of cement-based material that the utility model provides shrinks and the cracking performance pick-up unit, mainly by an image collecting device with by image processing module, the signal processing apparatus formed of display module and communication module is formed as a result; Wherein:
Described image collecting device comprises: transversal displacement control lever, the length travel control lever, that is connected with the transversal displacement control lever that a bearing support, is located at the bearing support top is positioned at anchor clamps and the capture equipment that displacement modulator and on transversal displacement control lever and the length travel control lever is located at length travel control lever lower end;
In the described signal processing apparatus, image processing module comprises image pretreatment unit, image enhancing unit and image analyzing unit, wherein:
The image pretreatment unit is finished the gradation conversion of image, the selection and the shearing of effective coverage;
Image enhancing unit is removed in the actual imaging process image fault because of imaging device and environment caused by smoothing processing successively, make the gradation of image contrast strengthen and form complete border by the sharpening processing, by the gray scale morphological operation image that border and border surrounded is carried out the outstanding processing of feature, make treat research object in black white image presenting with the antipodal color of background image, and peel off with background image;
Image analyzing unit is finished the calculating of feature extraction and fracture width and shrinkage value.
In the above cement-based material contraction and the cracking performance pick-up unit, described image processing module function is to deliver in computing machine by the image processing software that the MATLAB language forms to realize.
In the above cement-based material contraction and the cracking performance pick-up unit, detect, in the described image enhancing unit, comprise that also the processing of interpolation convergent-divergent improves the resolution of image at shrinkage; Image analyzing unit will carry out feature extraction and calculating according to the figure after handling through the interpolation convergent-divergent.
In the above cement-based material contraction and the cracking performance pick-up unit, also comprise evaluation module in the described signal processing apparatus, finish the comparison between the reference data of loading in the result of calculation of image processing module and the evaluation module, and provide the evaluation suggestion, export by display module.
In the above cement-based material contraction and the cracking performance pick-up unit, in the described image collecting device, installing resolution is the capture equipment of 7,000,000 above pixels on the anchor clamps, and capture equipment is connected with the image capture module signal.Capture equipment is digital camera or the video camera based on CCD or CMOS principle.
In the above cement-based material contraction and the cracking performance pick-up unit, in the described image collecting device, the displacement modulator is provided with the embedded hole of level, vertical embedded hole and screw, and the transversal displacement control lever passes the displacement modulator by the embedded hole of level, and by screw retention; The length travel control lever passes the displacement modulator by vertical embedded hole, and by screw retention.
The above cement-based material shrink with the cracking performance pick-up unit in, also comprise in the described image collecting device and be located at the sample that the bearing support bottom is used to place detected materials and bear plate.
Adopt above scheme, the utility model shrinks and the cracking performance pick-up unit based on the cement-based material of image processing techniques, wherein image collecting device can be gathered and images in real time, pre-service and enhancing module through signal processing apparatus are carried out Flame Image Process, operand reduces, image resolution ratio improves, and can realize material contracts and two kinds of performance detection of cracking.Configuration aspects, the utility model is reasonable in design, and compact in design can be finished the detection overall process well.The utlity model has (being applicable to clean slurry, mortar, concrete) applied widely, Stability Analysis of Structures, visual analyzing, hyperchannel, precision height (20 μ m), good economy performance, can omnidistance evaluate shrinkage and the advantage of cracking performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-1: be image collecting device one-piece construction synoptic diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 1-2: be image collecting device supporting configuration diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 1-3: for image collecting device sample in the utility model bears plate.
Fig. 1-4a: be image collecting device transversal displacement control lever exploded view in the utility model.
Fig. 1-4b (A): be the left view of image collecting device transversal displacement control lever in the utility model and chute connection diagram.
Fig. 1-4b (B): be the front elevation of image collecting device transversal displacement control lever in the utility model and chute connection diagram.
Fig. 1-5 (A): be image collecting device displacement modulator structure left view in the utility model.
Fig. 1-5 (B): be image collecting device displacement modulator structure vertical view in the utility model.
Fig. 1-5 (C): be image collecting device displacement modulator structure front elevation in the utility model.
Fig. 1-6: be image collecting device length travel control lever in the utility model.
Fig. 1-7 (A): be the left view of image collecting device capture equipment clamp structure synoptic diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 1-7 (B): be the vertical view of image collecting device capture equipment clamp structure synoptic diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 1-7 (C): be the right view of image collecting device capture equipment clamp structure synoptic diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 1-7 (D): be the front elevation of image collecting device capture equipment clamp structure synoptic diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the cement-based material shrinkage cracking performance detecting system basic composition figure of the utility model based on Digital Image Processing.
Fig. 3 is an image processing module pie graph in the utility model.
Fig. 4 is testing process figure used in the utility model.
Fig. 5 is for using the utility model to Crack Detection example curve figure.
Embodiment
The utility model adopts digital image processing techniques, utilize relevant apparatus collection, transmission, processing, analysing digital image, calculate the feature of shrinking, ftractureing at material, the trend of shrinking, ftractureing development is described, and at the composition form of cement concrete, the degree and the trend that starting material are influenced its contraction and cracking development are estimated, thereby obtain the detection and the evaluation result of material contracts and cracking performance.
The utility model mainly comprises an image collecting device and a signal processing apparatus based on the cement-based material shrinkage cracking performance detecting system of Digital Image Processing; Wherein, image collecting device is mainly realized the capture of detected materials and transmission, signal processing apparatus is finished treatment of picture, calculating and output, and it is mainly by image processing module, display module and communication module are formed (as shown in Figure 2) as a result, and specifically carries out by a computing machine.Wherein, the image that image collecting device collects is transferred in the image processing module of computing machine by communication module, image is through a series of processing, and computing machine carries out fracture width by feature extraction and calculates and the shrinkage assay, and the result is by display module output as a result.Below the utility model main composition and functional module are described further.
1. image acquisition
The utility model is finished the collection and the transmission of different time Sample Image by image collecting device.Image capture device has digital camera (based on CCD or CMOS principle) and video camera etc. at present.Because come the features such as size of rendering image in the computing machine with image resolution ratio, resolution is closely related with the max pixel value of collecting device again, its size directly has influence on the display quality of image, therefore, in order to satisfy the needs of graphical analysis, use high-resolution image capture device as much as possible.Image acquisition uses 7,000,000 above pixel CCD digital cameras to carry out in the utility model.
Concerning the measurement of shrinkage, the collection of all images must be to carry out under identical adopting adopted as the absolute constant prerequisite of equipment maintenance relative position as environment, research object and image, could guarantee that like this research object has identical reference point, measurement result is just more accurate, science.
Therefore, according to the characteristics of cement-based material, the utility model designs as Fig. 1-1 to the image collecting device shown in Fig. 1-7.As Figure 1-1, this image collecting device comprises bearing support 1, transversal displacement control lever 2, length travel control lever 3, displacement modulator 4 and capture equipment anchor clamps 5.Wherein, transversal displacement control lever 2 and length travel control lever 3 mutual vertical racks are located on the bearing support 1, connect by displacement modulator 4 between transversal displacement control lever 2 and the length travel control lever 3, capture equipment anchor clamps 5 are fixedly connected on the lowermost end of length travel control lever 3.
Shown in Fig. 1-2, wherein bearing support 1 is made of pedestal 11, column 12, upper frame 14, and wherein pedestal 11 and upper frame 14 are by having formed bearing support 1 with column 12 welding; Middle part at any relative two frames of upper frame 14 offers chute 13.
Shown in Fig. 1-4a and Fig. 1-4b (A), Fig. 1-4b (B), transversal displacement control lever 2 is established a displacement control lever 24, be provided with screw thread 23 on the two ends of displacement control lever 24, transversal displacement control lever 2 also is provided with a plurality of nuts 21 and a plurality of pad 22 that is spirally connected mutually with screw thread 23; Described in the present embodiment nut 21, pad 22 are 4 pairs, nut 21 wherein, two couple in the pad 22 place respectively on the screw thread 23 at displacement control lever 24 two ends, inboard at chute 13, nut 21, pad 22 are spirally connected with screw thread 23, displacement control lever 24 penetrates the chute 13 of bearing support 1, and in addition two pairs of nuts 21, pad 22 are fixed control lever from chute 13 outsides.
Shown in Fig. 1-5 (A), Fig. 1-5 (B) and Fig. 1-5 (C), be the utility model displacement modulator structural representation, displacement modulator 4 is established the embedded hole 41 of level, vertical embedded hole 42 and screw 43, transversal displacement control lever 2 (as Figure 1-1) passes displacement modulator 4 among Fig. 1-5 (C) by the embedded hole 41 of level, and by screw 43 fixing (shown in Fig. 1-5 (C)), in case the displacement modulator rotates; Length travel control lever 3 (as Figure 1-1) passes displacement modulator 4 (shown in Fig. 1-5 (C)) by vertical embedded hole 42 among Fig. 1-5 (B), and by tightening or unscrew screw 43 (shown in Fig. 1-5 (A)), the displacement size of regulating vertical direction.
Shown in Fig. 1-6, be the synoptic diagram of the utility model length travel control lever 3, length travel control lever 3 is provided with safety screw 31 and steel column 32.Safety screw 31 is located at steel column 32 tops of length travel control lever 3, like this in experimentation, even if the screw among Fig. 5 B 43 is too unclamped owing to misoperation, also can be owing to the existence of screw 31, the phenomenon of the whole whereabouts of length travel control lever can not occur, thereby avoid damaging the possibility of capture equipment and sample.
Shown in Fig. 1-7 (A), Fig. 1-7 (B), Fig. 1-7 (C) and Fig. 1-7 (D), be the utility model capture equipment clamp structure synoptic diagram, capture equipment anchor clamps 5 are provided with a plurality of screws 51 and clip slot 52, clip slot 52 places in the capture equipment anchor clamps 5 (shown in Fig. 1-7 (D)), and three screws 51 are fixed on (shown in Fig. 1-7 (B)) in the clip slot 52 to capture equipment; Capture equipment anchor clamps 5 link together by steel column 32 bottoms of welding with length travel control lever 3;
As Figure 1-3, the utility model also comprises sample and bears plate 6, and it is a steel plate 62 that sample bears plate 6, around steel plate 62, be provided with draw-in groove 61, sample bears plate 6 and is embedded in together mutually with column 12 in the bearing support 1 by draw-in groove 61, and places on the pedestal 11, and sample then is placed on the steel plate 62.
Be combined to form image collecting device of the present utility model by above, be used to adjust relative position between digital camera and the sample can collect distinct image.During work, sample to be checked (as prism-shaped cement bar or other size sample) is placed on sample and bears on the plate 6, after digital camera is installed in capture equipment anchor clamps 5 by screw 51, at first unclamp each nut 21 among Fig. 1-4a, and mobile transversal displacement control lever 2 position to the sample, tighten each nut 21 to keep sample and capture equipment position relatively stable in the horizontal direction; Unclamp the screw 43 among Fig. 1-5 (B) again, up-down adjustment length travel control lever 3, make digital camera obtain suitable scene depth, and then tighten above-mentioned screw 43, to keep relatively stable in the vertical direction position of sample and digital camera, make like this and adjust digital camera and the stable relative position of sample maintenance, be convenient to the experiment condition of digital camera according to setting, in different time sections sample is carried out the collection of image, to finish different shrinkage cracking performance tests in the length of time.
2. signal transmission
Carry out the signal transmission by communication module, comprise the transmission of image and the transmission of data.Image is transmitted between capture equipment (digital camera) and the image processing module and carries out, and transmission manner can be cable, movable storage device; Data transmission is at image processing module and carry out between the display module as a result, can adopt existing binary coding mode to transmit.
3. Flame Image Process
Utilize image processing module to finish to transmitting the series of processes of the image that comes.
It is a lot of to utilize computing machine to carry out the software of Flame Image Process, as Photoshop, Corel Draw, Scion Image etc., but every kind of software can not be accomplished exhaustive, the emphasis that himself is all arranged, mainly bias toward processing as Photoshop to image visual effect, when relating to special dimension, these softwares are just beyond one's ability to help.The utility model image processing module is with contraction, cracking feature at cement-based material, utilizes the MATLAB language to form image processing software and delivers in computing machine and realize.Image processing module comprises image pretreatment unit, image enhancing unit and image analyzing unit etc.; Referring to shown in Figure 3, image processing process comprises image pre-service, figure image intensifying and the several key steps of feature extraction.
1) image pre-service:
Finish by the image pretreatment unit.At shrinking measurement image, mainly be that image collecting device collection and the image that is transferred to computing machine are carried out gradation conversion (rgb image is converted to gray level image), sheared operations such as (selections of effective coverage).To shrink measuring, select to comprise the appropriate area of reference point exactly, be fundamental purpose with outstanding reference point, the data operation quantity that reduces image processing process; Wherein:
Image cut: the zone of containing reference point in the certain limit is separated the data operation quantity when reducing image processing and analyzing from original image.
Gradation conversion: be color harmony saturation infromation, but keep the brightness of image that rgb image is converted into gray level image simultaneously, be convenient to the processing of back by removal of images.Computing machine adjustment meeting automatically selects threshold value to adjust image to image automatically.
2) figure image intensifying:
Finish by image enhancing unit.Image enhancement technique is not consider the reason of image deterioration, the unwanted index that decays, and only interested feature is given prominence to, as giving prominence to the object profile, removing each noise like etc.Its objective is improve the sharpness of the feature of studying in image.Need carry out operations such as level and smooth, sharpening, gray scale morphology, interpolation convergent-divergent in the enhancement function.
The smoothing processing of image that is to say the denoising processing, mainly is in order to remove in the actual imaging process, because of the image fault that imaging device and environment caused, extracts useful information.Adopt Gauss's low-pass filtering, Wiener filtering and mean filter to realize linear smoothing.
The effect of sharpening is that the gray scale contrast is strengthened, because edge and profile all are positioned at the place of gray scale sudden change.The main sharpening function that adopts is strengthened the edge and the details of reference point, to form complete border, reaches the purpose that reference point is separated from image.
The research feature is carried out after the Boundary Detection operation, just need carry out the outstanding processing of feature to the image that border and border surrounded, make treat research object in black white image to present with the antipodal color of background image, reach the effect of peeling off with background image, with the outstanding feature of being studied, that is to say the processing of gray scale morphology.
Changing the image size has dual mode, and a kind of is under the prerequisite that does not change image resolution ratio, increases the display size of image, and another kind is not change under the condition of picture display size, changes its resolution.Utilize interpolation convergent-divergent related function then can realize the latter's target, and this function is the most key one, even if dispose higher digital camera in the market because utilize, the image resolution ratio of being gathered still can't reach the high-precision requirement in the shrinkage test, utilize the interpolation zoom function then can under the prerequisite that does not reduce picture quality, increase the resolution of image, for the measurement of shrinkage is given security.
Image is after level and smooth, sharpening, three steps of gray scale morphology handle, the X-direction max pixel value is 1662.75, distance is known as 22cm between two reference points, therefore its resolution is 220000 microns/1662.75 pixels, be 132.5 microns/pixel, that is to say that pixel of every change will bring 132.5 microns variation, therefore, its full accuracy is 132.5 microns, and this is far from being enough for the measurement of shrinking.After utilizing nearest algorithm (conventional algorithm of operand minimum) in the interpolation zoom function to carry out 32 times of amplifications, its maximum pixel is 53192.5, resolution is 220000 microns/53192.5 pixels, be 4.14 microns/pixel, that is to say that full accuracy can reach 4.14 microns, take all factors into consideration the various inevitable error in the practical operation, utilize this software to shrink and to reach 10 microns precision when measuring.If simple utilize to improve adopt as the performance of equipment then high precision can't realizing, therefore, the utility model is used for the equipment that contraction fissure measures with other to be compared, it is little to the dependence of adopting picture equipment.
Utilization interpolation zoom function has improved the resolution of image greatly, has also increased the operand of computing machine.Popular 1G internal memory, the configuration of double-core CPU can be satisfied the requirement of 32 times of amplifications fully on the market, especially computing power is upgraded so fast today, the 2G internal memory has obtained application to a certain degree on market, the CPU of 4 nuclears even 8 nuclears also puts on market, therefore, under this condition, precision can be further improved along with the renewal of computing power.
Computing machine is not only the display platform of image acquisition, pre-service, feature extraction, measuring accuracy etc., and is interconnective bridge between the disparate modules, is central nervous system, and the height of its performance directly has influence on the precision and the speed of image analysis processing.The update speed of business computer is very fast in the market, its performance also is greatly improved, display device has developed into liquid crystal from CRT, CPU has developed into double-core from monokaryon, even multinuclear, speed and precision that this has all promoted Flame Image Process greatly also provide good platform for Flame Image Process.
In Digital Image Processing and analytic process, can relate to the lot of data computing, so the configuration of the speed of running software and precision and computing machine just there is direct relation.In order to obtain treatment effect preferably, minimum computer configuration is: Intel Core 2CPU, the above internal memory of 1G, the above hard drive space of 512M, 32-position OpenGL display card, if be higher than above-mentioned configuration, then can obtain better treatment effect.
For the crack pattern picture, need binary conversion treatment is adopted in image collecting device collection and the image that is transferred to computing machine, comprise with above identical image pre-service and figure image intensifying in level and smooth, sharpening, gray scale morphology handle, making background is white, the crack is a black.
3) feature extraction
Feature extraction is finished by image analyzing unit.Feature extraction is exactly to measure the feature of research object, as contraction, cracking feature and other performance.
In the image analyzing unit, the realization of " shrink and measure " function mainly is based on the variation (shrinkage value) of measuring the distance between two reference points on the sample.Specific operation process: two reference point analyses on the sample are numbered A, B, and t represents the length of time, A
t, B
tRepresent t reference point pixel value on the X-direction in software during the length of time.The figure of sample to be tested is amplified to suitable multiple when utilizing the interpolation magnify tool with different length of time, and the mouse pointer of aciculiform is placed on A point in the image, the pixel value A of record this point that system shows this moment
tUnder same enlargement factor, the B point is carried out same operation.T is the poor (B of pixel value between two reference points in 0 constantly the image
0-A
0) be initial length L
0, represent 22mm, with above-mentioned example, initial length is 53192.5 pixels, that is to say 4.14 microns/pixel; (B in the time of can getting t equally and be 1 day
1-A
1) be 53060.31 pixels, calculate as can be known that the length of sample has reduced 132.19 pixels after 1 day, promptly there is the contraction of 547.27 microstrains to produce.The calculating of shrinkage value is suc as formula shown in the 3-1:
ε=(L
0-L
t) (formula 3-1)
ε in the formula: be shrinkage value;
L
0: the initial distance between the reference point (Pixels), i.e. B
0-A
0
L
t: t is the distance between the reference point (Pixels) during the length of time, i.e. B
t-A
t
In the graphics processing unit, " cracking feature " function realizes mainly being based on area of cracks, the fracture width in the crack that occurs on the sample are measured.
Specific operation process:
1, utilize image capture device, take the step in above-mentioned 1, image acquisition is carried out in the zone that occurs the crack in the sample to forming;
2, utilize above-mentioned 3 step, binary conversion treatment is carried out in the crack in the image;
3, the crack (black) in the zone to be measured after the selection Flame Image Process utilizes " crack area measurement " and " fracture width measurement " instrument in the graphics processing unit, the detection of the cracking eigenwert of can directly being correlated with.
Crack area measurement:, multiply by the real area of each pixel correspondence again with number of pixels according to the number of pixels that crack area comprises.
Fracture width is measured: crack area is carried out the Boundary Extraction operation, can obtain girth like this, length is approximately half of girth, uses area divided by length again, so just obtains mean breadth.
4. assay
In the utility model, can increase an analysis evaluation module in the signal processing apparatus, according to results such as the shrinkage value that detects previously and incipient crack time, fracture widths,, estimate the influence of starting material to contraction, cracking performance and development trend thereof in conjunction with the cement-based material composition form of benchmark.
With the size of shrinkage value and maximum crack width, the morning and evening of incipient crack time etc. is an index, and with the comparative analysis of benchmark sample, the research starting material are to the control ability of concrete shrinkage and cracking performance.The shrinkage value that system-computed is gone out, maximum crack width be for detecting numerical value, compares with the correlation values of benchmark sample, detects numerical value more less than the correlation values of benchmark sample, illustrates that article to be measured have strong more anti-shrinkage cracking performance.
5. result's output
The display that mates with computing machine is the display platform of image acquisition, pre-service, feature extraction, measuring accuracy etc., also can be used as the output unit of computing and evaluation result; Can also adopt output device as a result of such as printer, USB interface.
Using the utility model to carry out cement-based material below shrinks and cracking performance detection and evaluation
Referring to shown in Figure 4, use the utility model to carry out cement-based material and shrink with the measurement flow process of cracking feature as follows:
1) sample is prepared: according to GB/T 50080, in conjunction with the experimental program moulding cement mortar and the concrete sample of design, and maintenance is to the specific length of time.
2) utilize image collecting device, sample is carried out the image acquisition in 1,3,7,14, the 28 day length of time respectively, image acquisition is spaced apart 3 width of cloth/sample; The image IMU of gathering is crossed cable transmission to computing machine;
3) computing machine carries out image pre-service, figure image intensifying and feature extraction successively to the view data of obtaining;
4) computing machine utilizes embedded software to draw crack evaluation and shrinkage result of calculation;
5) computing machine output testing result.As the data of benchmark sample are housed in the computing machine, also will compare analysis, the output evaluation result.
Wherein, the described image pre-service of step 3) comprises the process of image being carried out successively adjusted size and gradation conversion; Described figure image intensifying comprises carries out operations such as smoothing processing, sharpening processing, gray scale morphology, interpolation convergent-divergent respectively to pretreated image; Described feature extraction comprises that FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS is calculated and the calculating of shrinkage value.
The shrinkage value test samples: compact dimensions is the cement mortar of 25 * 25 * 275cm (prism-shaped), and wherein sample 1 is not mixed economization agent, and sample 2 mixes 1% economization agent.
The FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS test samples: 60 * 60 * 7.5cm concrete sample, wherein, Ref: benchmark sample, G-1: economization agent 1% volume, G-2: economization agent 2% volume, G-5: economization agent 5% volume.
Operating process: the sample that together is placed on image collecting device behind the two contraction sample labels is born on the plate, relative position between adjustment digital camera and the sample is at 30cm, open digital camera and computing machine, after moulding, sample is taken pictures during the 1 day length of time and the image of gathering is transferred to computing machine, computer recording and display image in real time.For the shrinkage test, the reference point of pressing the sample mark is as measured zone; For the crack performance test, after image showed that the crack occurs, the time of this moment was just counted the incipient crack time (the initial point time corresponding of every curve among Fig. 5).Requirement according to the needed optimum efficiency of Flame Image Process, image is carried out pre-service (gray scale adjustment), figure image intensifying a series of images adjustment operations such as (smoothly, filtering, interpolation convergent-divergents etc.), and study the calculation procedure of feature (FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS or shrinkage value), obtain the shrinkage value ε and the different time fracture width of different time.
Testing result: calculate different time sample shrinkage value result referring to table 1, different time fracture width testing result is seen Fig. 5.
By analytical table 1 as can be known, the shrinkage value of interim sample 2 of the same age is less than sample 1, show that mixing of economization agent reduced the shrinkage value in the different length of times, and this effect more obvious in early days (sample 2 shrinkage value in the time of 1 day has just reduced by 44%), this effect of later stage weakens (having reduced by 34% as sample 2 shrinkage value 28 days the time) to some extent, illustrate that economization agent has reduced the cement stone shrinkage value in the different length of times, but thisly reduce to act on more obvious in early days that there be weakening to a certain degree in the later stage.By shrinkage and the development trend thereof of having improved sample 2 of mixing to the comparative descriptions economization agent of two samples.
Table 1 is mixed economization agent cement mortar shrinkage value result of calculation
Maximum crack width: compare with the benchmark sample, mix SRA-G economization agent sample during the 28 day length of time breadth extreme be reduced to 0.342mm by 0.875mm, reduced by 61%, mix SRA-N economization agent sample and be reduced to 0.358mm, reduced by 59.1%.
Analyze: by postponing the incipient crack time, reduce maximum crack width in different length of time, economization agent mix the obvious resistivity of concrete that improved to the early-age shrinkage cracking.
Claims (5)
1. a cement-based material shrinks and the cracking performance detection system, mainly by an image collecting device with by image processing module, the signal processing apparatus formed of display module and communication module is formed as a result; It is characterized in that:
Described image collecting device comprises: transversal displacement control lever, the length travel control lever, that is connected with the transversal displacement control lever that a bearing support, is located at the bearing support top is positioned at anchor clamps and the capture equipment that displacement modulator and on transversal displacement control lever and the length travel control lever is located at length travel control lever lower end;
In the described signal processing apparatus, image processing module comprises image pretreatment unit, image enhancing unit and image analyzing unit.
2. shrink and the cracking performance detection system according to the described cement-based material of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described image collecting device, installing resolution is the capture equipment of 7,000,000 above pixels on the anchor clamps, and capture equipment is connected with the image processing module signal.
3. shrink and the cracking performance detection system according to the described cement-based material of claim 2, it is characterized in that: capture equipment is digital camera or video camera based on CCD or CMOS principle.
4. shrink and the cracking performance detection system according to the described cement-based material of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described image collecting device, the displacement modulator is provided with the embedded hole of level, vertical embedded hole and screw, the transversal displacement control lever passes the displacement modulator by the embedded hole of level, and by screw retention; The length travel control lever passes the displacement modulator by vertical embedded hole, and by screw retention.
5. shrink and the cracking performance detection system according to the described cement-based material of claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise in the described image collecting device be located at the bearing support bottom be used to place detected materials sample bear plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009202776577U CN201637737U (en) | 2009-12-02 | 2009-12-02 | Cement-based material contraction and cracking performance detector |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009202776577U CN201637737U (en) | 2009-12-02 | 2009-12-02 | Cement-based material contraction and cracking performance detector |
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| CN201637737U true CN201637737U (en) | 2010-11-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2009202776577U Expired - Lifetime CN201637737U (en) | 2009-12-02 | 2009-12-02 | Cement-based material contraction and cracking performance detector |
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| CN (1) | CN201637737U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102636125A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-15 | 长沙金码高科技实业有限公司 | Surface crack width detector |
| CN103196794A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-07-10 | 东南大学 | Automatic testing system used for testing fresh mixing performance of concrete |
| CN104155433A (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2014-11-19 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | Device and method for determining self-shrinkage of cement-based material |
-
2009
- 2009-12-02 CN CN2009202776577U patent/CN201637737U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102636125A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-15 | 长沙金码高科技实业有限公司 | Surface crack width detector |
| CN103196794A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-07-10 | 东南大学 | Automatic testing system used for testing fresh mixing performance of concrete |
| CN104155433A (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2014-11-19 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | Device and method for determining self-shrinkage of cement-based material |
| CN104155433B (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2016-05-04 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | A kind of device and method of measuring cement-based material self-constriction amount |
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