CN201531565U

CN201531565U - Speed reduction device for planetary gear

Info

Publication number: CN201531565U
Application number: CN2009201475572U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘兴邦
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-04-02
Filing date: 2009-04-02
Publication date: 2010-07-21
Anticipated expiration: 2019-04-02

Abstract

A speed reduction device for a planetary gear is characterized in that an elastic material is mounted between a planet wheel pin shaft and a bearing inner ring, between a planet wheel bearing hole and a bearing outer ring, or between the planet wheel pin shaft and the planet wheel bearing hole, and elastic material can be mounted between an outer ring of a planet wheel carrier bearing and a planet carrier. With the soft characteristics of the adopted elastic materials, the impacting force generated during the engagement of gears can be buffered, the phenomenon of unbalanced stress of the planetary gear can be reduced, and the stress condition of the bearing is improved; the surface and root of the gear can be fully hardened, thereby simplifying the production process; under the same condition, the gear strength is improved, the bearing capability of the speed reduction device is improved, the service life can be prolonged, the mechanical structure is simplified, and the noise is reduced; under the same condition, higher acceleration speed can be obtained and the mechanical fast starting can be realized; the speed reduction device is suitable for mechanical equipment like a tank requiring fast startup and mechanical drive of differential gear train; and with the symmetrical design, the universality of spare parts can be enhanced and the service life thereof can be prolonged.

Description

Epicyclic reduction gear unit

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of epicyclic reduction gear unit, can buffer gear cold during transmission impact force during engagement, reduce the stressed unbalanced phenomenon of planetary pinion, under the same conditions, can obtain higher acceleration, realize that machinery starts fast, be specially adapted to the machinery that tank etc. requires quick starting, also be applicable to the differential gear train mechanical transmission.

Background technique

Now generally be made up of input shaft, shaftgear (being also referred to as central gear or sun gear), planetary pinion, ring gear, planetary wheel carrier, output shaft, bearing, end cap and Sealing etc. with epicyclic reduction gear unit, it is linking body structure that the planetary wheel carrier of speed reducer and output shaft are also arranged.Adopt the flooding method of tooth profile sleeve shaft coupling when shaftgear and input shaft are linked with: shaftgear one end and planetary pinion engagement carrying out transmission, the other end connects by tooth profile sleeve shaft coupling and input shaft, and shaftgear can be floated between planetary pinion.Also can use other flooding methods: float shaftgear and planetary wheel carrier joint float etc. such as planetary wheel carrier.The star wheel frame Bearing Installation is on the support between input shaft side end cap and the planetary wheel carrier.Requirement to gear is " it is hard that the flank of tooth is wanted, and tooth root is tough ": the hard flank of tooth is wear-resisting, and the tough shock resistance of tooth root is good, and this technology more complicated is subjected to material and peripheral condition effect during quenching, is not easy to grasp.Gear has bigger impact force when engagement, particularly when machinery requires quick starting.Be subjected to the accuracy of gear, the influence of foozle and assembly error, there is the phenomenon of discontinuity equalization in planetary pinion, planetary pinion discontinuity equalization phenomenon is comparatively obvious even violent when high-power transmission, the ring gear gear, shaftgear is also followed the phenomenon that discontinuity equalization occurs when meshing with planetary pinion, consequently strengthen the transmission noise and damage gear easily, excess load appears in planetary bearing easily, and need special planetary pinion stress equalization mechanism, make the mechanical structure of epicyclic reduction gear unit comparatively complicated, take a lot of work when making assembly fee, increase cost of production.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiency of existing epicyclic reduction gear unit, the utility model technological scheme that is adopted of dealing with problems is: elastic material (also can between planet wheel bearing hole and the bearing outer ring or between planet wheel bearing pin and planet wheel bearing hole elastic material be installed) is being installed between planet wheel bearing pin and the bearing inner race; Between the outer ring of star wheel frame bearing and the planetary wheel carrier elastic material is installed, is utilized " soft " characteristic of elastic material jointly, the impact force in buffer gear cold when engagement reduces the phenomenon of planetary pinion discontinuity equalization.

After between planet wheel bearing pin and the bearing inner race elastic material being installed, planetary pinion is in " floating " holding state, the impact force the during engagement of energy buffer gear cold; Between the outer ring of star wheel frame bearing and the planetary wheel carrier elastic material is installed, planetary wheel carrier can " be floated " relatively, by the acting in conjunction of the two, can reduce the phenomenon of planetary pinion discontinuity equalization greatly, no longer need special planetary pinion stress equalization mechanism, shaftgear and input shaft can adopt integrative-structure, the cancellation dental coupling, bearing bracket between cancellation input shaft side end cap and the planetary wheel carrier, the ring gear center line is shortened to the distance of shaftgear end face, can reduce the external dimension of epicyclic reduction gear unit under the identical situation.

By " symmetry " design, can increase the versatility and the working life of component.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are, can buffer gear cold impact force when engagement, improved the force-bearing situation of bearing, the flank of tooth of gear and tooth root can all harden, and simplify production technology, can increase the strength of gear teeth under the same case, improve the bearing capacity and the working life of speed reducer, reduce the phenomenon of planetary pinion discontinuity equalization, simplify mechanical structure (support between cancellation input shaft side end cap and the planetary wheel carrier), reduce noise.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is further specified.

Fig. 1 is a section of structure of the present utility model.With planetary pinion one-level gearing down is example, and its output shaft can directly drive manufacturing machine, also can be used as the input shaft that slows down in the second level.Between planet wheel bearing pin and the planet wheel bearing inner ring elastic material is installed, between the outer ring of star wheel frame bearing and the planetary wheel carrier elastic material is installed.

Fig. 2 is an another kind of section of structure of the present utility model.(by middle stop collar) installs elastic material between planetary gear bearing hole and the planet wheel shaft bearing outer-ring, between the outer ring of star wheel frame bearing and the planetary wheel carrier elastic material is installed.

Fig. 3 is that planetary pinion, elastic material and the planet wheel bearing position of Fig. 1 concerns sketch, is example with three planetary pinion transmissions.

Fig. 4 is the planetary wheel carrier figure of Fig. 1, and the planetary wheel carrier that uses with three planetary pinion transmissions is example.

Fig. 5 is the top plan view (hatching is C-C) of Fig. 4.

1. input shaft side end caps among Fig. 1,2. star wheel frame elastic material, 3. star wheel frame bearing, 4. rise spring groove, 5. shaftgear (input shaft), 6. bearing of input shaft end cap of input shaft, 7. bearing of input shaft, 8. star wheel frame baffle plate, 9. star-wheel bearing pin fixed plate, 10. ring gear, 11. planetary pinion, 12. the output shaft side end cap, 13. planet wheel elastic materials, 14. planet wheel bearing pins, 15. planetary wheel carrier, 16. output shaft bearing, 17. output shaft bearing end caps, 18. output shafts, 19. planet wheel bearing, 20. interior lateral retaining plate, 21. outer lateral retaining plates, the 22. spring grooves that rise

1. input shaft side end caps among Fig. 2,2. star wheel frame elastic material, 3. star wheel frame bearing, 4. rise spring groove, 5. shaftgear, 6. bearing of input shaft end cap of input shaft, 7. bearing of input shaft, 8. star wheel frame baffle plate, 9. planet wheel bearing pin, 10. ring gear, 11. planetary pinion, 12. output shaft side end caps, 13. planet wheel elastic materials, 14. planet wheel bearing, 15. planetary wheel carrier, 16. output shaft bearings, 17. output shaft bearing end caps, 18. output shaft, 19. inboard axle sleeve, 20. outside axle sleeves, 21. middle stop collars, 22. the elastic material baffle plate, 23. baffle plate fixing bolts

Embodiment

Among Fig. 1 embodiment, input shaft and shaftgear (5) adopt integrative-structure, the cancellation dental coupling, the left side is carried out spacing by bearing of input shaft end cap (6) to bearing of input shaft (7) outer ring, the right side is carried out spacing by the bearing hole seam to bearing of input shaft (7) outer ring, the bearing of input shaft end cap is equipped with oil sealing in (6), and bearing of input shaft end cap (6) is fixed by bolts on the input shaft side end cap (1).Shaftgear (5) is provided with the input shaft spring groove (4) that rises in bearing of input shaft (7) inner ring left side, install the spring that rises in the groove, prevent shaftgear (5) play to the right, bearing of input shaft (7) can prevent shaftgear (5) play to the left, makes shaftgear (5) correctly locate and do not change.Input shaft side end cap (1) is fixed by bolts on the ring gear (10) after locating by seam.

Star wheel frame bearing (3) inner ring is contained in input shaft side end cap (1) inboard, and the outer ring is contained in planetary wheel carrier (15) left side, and there all have seam to carry out to be spacing.Star wheel frame elastic material (2) is installed between star wheel frame bearing (3) outer ring and the planetary wheel carrier (15), output shaft (18) adopts double entad short columnar roller (or double entad ball) bearing, the two cooperatively interacts planetary wheel carrier (15) " is floated ", remedy the influence of foozle and assembly error, improve transmission quality.Planetary wheel carrier (15) is provided with a hole, and star wheel frame baffle plate (8) is gone up boring, with bolt star wheel frame baffle plate (8) is fixed on the planetary wheel carrier (15), bores aperture on the bolt, with iron wire all bolts is connected together, and prevents that bolt looseness from withdrawing from.

Planetary wheel carrier (15) is a linking body structure with output shaft (18), the output shaft bearing end cap is equipped with oil sealing in (17), bearing of input shaft end cap (17) is fixed by bolts on the output shaft side end cap (12), and output shaft side end cap (12) is fixed by bolts on the ring gear (10) after locating by seam.

Planet wheel elastic material (13) is installed between planet wheel bearing (19) inner ring and the planet wheel bearing pin (14), and the left side is carried out spacing by outer lateral retaining plate (21) to planet wheel elastic material (13) and planet wheel bearing (19) inner ring.Planetary pinion (11) left side is provided with the spring groove (22) that rises, and the installing spring that rises in the groove carries out spacingly to planet wheel bearing (19) outer ring, prevent planetary pinion (11) play to the right; The right side is carried out spacing by interior lateral retaining plate (20) to planet wheel elastic material (13) and planet wheel bearing (19) inner ring, planetary pinion (11) right side rib carries out spacing to planet wheel bearing (19) outer ring, prevent planetary pinion (11) play to the left, assurance planetary pinion (11) and ring gear (10) are correctly located and are meshed.Outer lateral retaining plate (21), interior lateral retaining plate (20) adopt Spielpassung in the horizontal direction with planet wheel bearing (19) inner ring both sides.

When shaftgear (5) drives planetary pinion (11) and ring gear (10) engagement driving, relative displacement can be done with outer lateral retaining plate (21), interior lateral retaining plate (20) in planetary pinion (11) and planet wheel bearing (19) inner ring both sides under the situation of compression elastic material, direction of displacement is identical with planetary wheel carrier (15) sense of rotation, impact force when utilizing elastic displacement to come the buffer gear cold engagement, can also improve the phenomenon of planetary pinion (11) discontinuity equalization, make the stressed basis equalization that reaches of each planetary pinion (11).Also there is the situation of compression elastic material in planet wheel bearing pin (14) when not transmission, arranges the foozle that can not equate fully to remedy planet wheel bearing pin (14) in last distance of planetary wheel carrier (15) or angle.

If do not use planet wheel bearing (19), elastic material can be installed directly between planet wheel bearing pin (14) and planetary pinion (11) bearing hole.Planetary pinion (11) left side is carried out spacing to elastic material by rise spring and outer lateral retaining plate (21), the right side is carried out spacing by the rib inboard and the interior lateral retaining plate (20) on planetary pinion (11) right side to elastic material; Perhaps stayed after the pin shaft hole, directly pour into a mould elastic material in planetary pinion (11) bearing hole, utilize the pin shaft hole inboard that elastic material and planetary pinion (11) are positioned, so also can buffer gear cold impact force during engagement, improve the phenomenon of planetary pinion (11) discontinuity equalization.Also there is the situation of compression elastic material in planet wheel bearing pin (14) when not transmission, arranges the foozle that can not equate fully to remedy planet wheel bearing pin (14) in last distance of planetary wheel carrier (15) or angle.

The vertical center line A-A of the vertical center line of planetary pinion (11) and ring gear (10) overlaps; The vertical center line of the vertical center line of bearing of input shaft (7), output shaft bearing (16) is symmetrically arranged along the vertical center line A-A of ring gear (10), and distance is unified to be B; Shaftgear (5) left end face and output shaft (18) its right end face equate that to the vertical center line A-A distance of ring gear (10) the distance unification is D; Fixed hole on the base is symmetrically arranged along the vertical center line A-A of ring gear (10); The seam of output shaft side end cap (12) and input shaft side end cap (1) is measure-alike, guarantees right and left mutually changing.Adopt this kind form, can increase the working life of ring gear (10) and planetary pinion (11) for unidirectional transmission: when a lateral tooth flank of gear may wear to a certain degree, take apart when assembling again, under the situation that the strength of gear teeth is also permitted, the still unworn opposite side flank of tooth of gear is continued to use in commutation back about ring gear (10), planetary pinion (11), can obtain almost and the new the same effect of gear, the endface position and the rotation direction of output shaft (18) remain unchanged, but shaftgear (5) can not utilize the still unworn opposite side flank of tooth, must change after transfiniting in the gap.

In Fig. 2 embodiment, for improving bearing capacity, can separate with middle stop collar (21) in the middle of planetary pinion (11) facewidth broad, bearing outer ring, between planetary pinion (11) and middle stop collar (21), elastic material is installed; If stop collar (21) in the middle of removing, bearing can use (also can use single bearing) side by side, between planetary pinion (11) and planet wheel bearing (14) outer ring elastic material is installed.Planetary pinion (11) left side is carried out spacing by elastic material baffle plate (22) to planet wheel elastic material (13) and planet wheel bearing (14) outer ring, for increasing reliability, on planetary pinion (11), be provided with a hole, elastic material baffle plate (22) is gone up boring, with bolt elastic material baffle plate (22) is fixed on the planetary pinion (11), baffle plate fixing bolt (23) is gone up and is bored aperture, with iron wire all baffle plate fixing bolts (23) are connected together, anti-baffle plate fixing bolt (23) is loosening to be withdrawed from, and the left side of planet wheel bearing (14) inner ring is undertaken spacing by outside axle sleeve (20); Planetary pinion (11) right side rib carries out spacing to planet wheel elastic material (13) and planet wheel bearing (14) right side, outer ring, the inner ring right side of planet wheel bearing (14) is undertaken spacing by inboard axle sleeve (19), assurance planetary pinion (11) and ring gear (10) are correctly located and meshed.The both sides, outer ring of elastic material baffle plate (22), planetary pinion (11) right side rib and planet wheel bearing (14) are adopted Spielpassung in the horizontal direction.

Planetary wheel carrier (15) passes through key joint with output shaft (18), and the no ladder of output shaft (18) prevents that stress is concentrated.Output shaft (18) coupling is spacing is assigned to finish by pack into the shaft sleeve part of output shaft (18) of planetary wheel carrier (15).

When shaftgear (5) drives planetary pinion (11) and ring gear (10) engagement driving, planetary pinion (11) can be done relative displacement by its rib inboard, right side, elastic material baffle plate (22) inboard with planet wheel bearing pin (9), planet wheel bearing (14) and middle stop collar (21) under the situation of compression elastic material, direction of displacement is identical with planetary wheel carrier (15) sense of rotation, impact force when utilizing elastic displacement to come the buffer gear cold engagement, also can improve the phenomenon of planetary pinion (11) discontinuity equalization, make the stressed basis equalization that reaches of each planetary pinion (11).Also there is the situation of compression elastic material in centre stop collar (21) when not transmission, arranges the foozle that can not equate fully to remedy planet wheel bearing pin (9) in last distance of planetary wheel carrier (15) or angle.

Stop collar (21) in the middle of removing, between planetary pinion (11) and planet wheel bearing (14) outer ring, elastic material is installed, planetary pinion (11) can be done relative displacement by its rib inboard, right side, elastic material baffle plate (22) inboard with planet wheel bearing pin (9) and planet wheel bearing (14) under the situation of compression elastic material, direction of displacement is identical with planetary wheel carrier (15) sense of rotation, utilize elastic displacement to come the buffer gear cold impact force in when engagement, can improve the phenomenon of planetary pinion (11) discontinuity equalization equally.Also there is the situation of compression elastic material in planet wheel bearing when not transmission (14) outer ring, arranges the foozle that can not equate fully to remedy planet wheel bearing pin (9) in last distance of planetary wheel carrier (15) or angle.

Other structures and Fig. 1 are identical.

Assembly method of the present utility model and used epicyclic reduction gear unit are basic identical.

Passage on the mechanical reduction gear, tank filler sleeve, drain oil, magnetic drain plug, lubricating system (certainly spattering or spray lubrication), base and fixed form etc. all belong to known technology.

Elastomeric material can use polyurethane to make, because polyurethane product has following advantages:

1, wearability is good: polyurethane product has excellent wearability.

2, hardness range is wide: the hardness of polyurethane product is about Shao Shi A10-180, and the hardness of common rubber is generally at Shao Shi A60-100.

3, the performance that has high strength and high-elongation.

4, oil resistance excellence: the oil resistance of polyurethane product is better than nitrile rubber; Ageing-resistant performance is better than natural rubber and other synthetic rubber; At hydrolysis resistance, acid resistant alkali solution corrosion aspect, polyether-type PUR is better than polyester type PUR.

5, the polyurethane product resistance to high temperature can reach 250 ℃;

6, the polyurethane product resistance to low temperature is outstanding especially, and enough ultralow-temperature flexibilities (low temperature does not chap) are arranged, and can be operated in liquid oxygen temperature and liquid hydrogen temperature.The ultra-low temperature polyurethane adhesive has been widely used in civilian industry and aviation industry, bonding etc. as thermal protection shield and heat insulation layer on bonding, the modern spacecraft of material in bonding, the superconduction research of material in various civilian system oxygen, the refrigerating equipment.Apollo spaceship and space shuttle, the adhesive structure mode is all adopted at fuel tank and heat-insulating structure position, and its liquid oxygen fuel tank (boiling point-183 ℃), liquid hydrogen fuel tank (253 ℃), liquid nitrogen tank (196 ℃) have all been used the ultra-low temperature polyurethane adhesive in making.

7, polyurethane product has effects such as insulation, filling, bonding, fixing, insulation, does not produce corrosion, also can make water-proofing material, is green material nontoxic, pollution-free, that do not contain freon.

Claims

1. an epicyclic reduction gear unit is characterized in that: between planet wheel bearing pin and bearing inner race elastic material is installed; Between planet wheel bearing hole and the bearing outer ring or between planet wheel bearing pin and planet wheel bearing hole elastic material is being installed; Between the outer ring of star wheel frame bearing and the planetary wheel carrier elastic material is installed.