CN201508897U - Improved Wilkinson power divider - Google Patents
Improved Wilkinson power divider Download PDFInfo
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- CN201508897U CN201508897U CN200920176847XU CN200920176847U CN201508897U CN 201508897 U CN201508897 U CN 201508897U CN 200920176847X U CN200920176847X U CN 200920176847XU CN 200920176847 U CN200920176847 U CN 200920176847U CN 201508897 U CN201508897 U CN 201508897U
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- transmission line
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- wilkinson power
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an improved Wilkinson power divider, which consists of a resistance and a transmission line, wherein the transmission line comprises a divided-into-half joint (4); a combiner port of the joint is connected with an input branch; the ports of two branches of the joint are respectively connected with two output main branches; and except for the arrangement of isolation resistances, not less than one branch transmission line segment communicated with the two output main branches are also designed between the two output main branches. In the utility model, under the condition that the same number of isolation resistances are used, the working bandwidth of the Wilkinson power divider can be widened greatly. When the wider working bandwidth can be realized, compared with the Wilkinson power divider in the prior art, fewer resistances can be used. Therefore, the improved Wilkinson power divider overcomes the problem of greater difference between the test result and the simulation result due to the increasing total additive affection caused by the isolation resistances when the working bandwidth of the Wilkinson power divider is widened by increasing the pitch number (namely, increasing the isolation resistances) of the Wilkinson power divider.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to microwave and millimeter wave power division device, more specifically says, relates to a kind of follow-on Wilkinson power splitter.
Background technology
Power divider (abbreviation power splitter) is that input power is divided into a kind of multiport microwave device equal or output of unequal several roads power.In high frequency systems such as microwave and millimeter wave, all need emission or accept power to be assigned to each unit according to a certain percentage, so the microwave and millimeter wave power splitter obtained a large amount of application in microwave and millimeter wave assembly and system, and be the parts of a key.Power splitter has multiple way of realization, as the power divider of multiple structures such as various 3dB electric bridge couplers, branch line electric bridge coupler, ring-shape bridge coupler, Wilkinson power splitter.The building blocks of function of power splitter is the transmission line of constraint or the transmission of guide electromagnetic waves energy directional, it is navigation system, guided wave promptly refers to whole or most electromagnetic waves that are subjected to the boundary constraint of transmission line conductors or medium, transmit along definite direction (being generally axially) of energy in the limited cross section of transmission line, the pattern of guided wave, be called transmission mode, normal mode again, being meant can be along the transmission line self-existent field pattern of uniting, and the distance in the transmission line between the guided mode two adjacent same-phase faces is called the guide wavelength λ of this guided mode
g, be one with the closely-related parameter of transmission line structure.In the design of Wilkinson power splitter, normally used transmission line is TEM or accurate TEM transmission line, such as microstrip transmission line.
Fig. 1 represents the transmission line structure of prior art Wilkinson power splitter, and the first transmission line section W of transmission line is connected on and closes road port, and its characteristic impedance is Z
0, the second transmission line section Y1 and Y2 are connected on the branch road port, and its characteristic impedance all is Z
0, the length of transmission line section X1 and X2 is λ
g/ 4, its characteristic impedance is
, an isolation resistance R is connected between the intersection point of the intersection point of transmission line section X1, Y1 and X2, Y2, and resistance is 2Z
0Document Ka-Band Wilkinson PowerDivider Based on Chip Resistor[Xu Hongjie; Microwave and Millimeter WaveTechnology, 2007.ICMMT ' 07.International Conference on 18-21April 2007Page (s): 1-4] a ka wave band Wilkinson power splitter example proposed, its model as shown in Figure 2, its S11<-15dB, S22<-22dB and S32<-working band of 20dB is 27.5GHz~34.2GHz.
The shortcoming that existing Wilkinson power splitter exists:
In Wilkinson power splitter design of Simulation, along with the raising of its operating frequency (such as millimeter wave band time), be difficult to effectively estimate the added influence that the isolation resistance distributed constant brings, often isolation resistance is set to ideal resistance the Wilkinson power splitter is carried out emulation and optimization, therefore always there are differences between test result and simulation result, such as frequency shift (FS).For Wilkinson power splitter of the prior art, desire the bandwidth of operation of bigger increase Wilkinson power splitter, then must increase the joint number of Wilkinson power splitter, promptly increase isolation resistance, this must increase the added influence that the isolation resistance distributed constant brings, and finally causes difference bigger between test result and simulation result.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency at the existence of prior art Wilkinson power splitter, the purpose of this utility model aims to provide a kind of follow-on Wilkinson power splitter, total added influence that its more piece Wilkinson power splitter that effectively reduces prior art is brought by isolation resistance, and under the situation of using the equal number isolation resistance, effectively increased the bandwidth of operation of Wilkinson power splitter.
The utility model has carried out effective improvement to prior art Wilkinson power splitter, and concrete scheme is as follows:
On the main branch road of output of the T joint (Fig. 3) of prior art Wilkinson power splitter or Y joint (Fig. 4) except that isolation resistance is set, branch's transmission line section also is set, make between each branch's transmission line section, between branch's transmission line section and isolation resistance, and form closed circuit between each branch's transmission line section and one-to-two joint, thereby make signal arrive output two [3] through mulitpath from output one [2] input, this signal then can arrive the other end of isolation resistance through different paths from the input of isolation resistance one end.By adjusting the length of each branch's transmission line section, the position of each branch's transmission line section on the output main line, the impedance magnitude in the impedance magnitude of each branch line and main highway section of corresponding output realizes that power splitter is exported isolation preferably and good input and output are mated, and under the situation of using same separation resistance, wideer bandwidth of operation is arranged than prior art Wilkinson power splitter.
The disclosed a kind of follow-on Wilkinson power splitter of the utility model, it is made up of resistance and transmission line, its transmission line comprises the one-to-two joint, the road port that closes of joint connects the input branch road, two fens road ports of joint connect the main branch road of two outputs respectively, two output main branch road between except that being provided with isolation resistance, also designed branch's transmission line section of the main branch road of connection two outputs that is no less than 1, the branch transmission line section adjacent with the one-to-two joint is by 11 path equals from node A to Node B 12 path and equals (λ i/4) * (2p+1)+(λ i/4) * ζ design from node A to Node B, the branch transmission line section Bj1Bj2 adjacent with isolation resistance adds node Bj2 again to Node B j2 and is (λ e/2) * (2q+1) design to the path of node A12 by add node Bj1 from node A11 to Node B j1, other node branch transmission line section are by equal to equal 2* λ h* δ design from node joint B (k-1) 2 paths to Node B k2 from Node B (k-1) 1 path to Node B k1, wherein, λ i is the guide wavelength of the Frequency point fi correspondence in the bandwidth of operation, p is the natural number less than 20 ,-1<ζ<1; λ e is the guide wavelength of the Frequency point fe correspondence in the bandwidth of operation, and q is the natural number less than 20, and j is the positive integer smaller or equal to branch's transmission line section bar number; λ h is the guide wavelength of the Frequency point fh correspondence in the bandwidth of operation, and k is more than or equal to 2 integers smaller or equal to the bar number of branch's transmission line section, 0<δ<1.
In order to obtain better effect, the utility model has also further been taked following technical measures on the basis of technique scheme:
The branch's transmission line section that is communicated with the main branch road of two outputs generally is designed to 1~12.The bar number of branch's transmission line section is many more, power splitter output isolation and input and output matching effect better, but make also trouble more of debugging, so branch's number of lines is paid the utmost attention to and is adopted 1~12.
Described transmission line is a microstrip line, and the branch's transmission line section length between the main branch road of two outputs is less than 2* λ o, and wherein, λ o is the guide wavelength of power splitter centre frequency correspondence.
According to the actual requirement that the utility model uses, branch's transmission line section can be arranged on the left side of isolation resistance.
According to the actual requirement that the utility model uses, branch's transmission line section can be arranged on the right side of isolation resistance.
According to the actual requirement that the utility model uses, branch's transmission line section can be arranged on the both sides of isolation resistance.
The utility model is analyzed as follows:
Model of the present utility model is illustrated with Wilkinson power divider structure schematic diagram shown in Figure 5.Among the figure each section solid line is represented each section transmission line respectively, and the interface of each section transmission line is illustrated by the intersection point of solid line respectively, the letter representation of each intersection point among the figure.The general structure of this follow-on Wilkinson power splitter comprises isolation resistance, one-to-two joint, an input branch road and the main branch road of two outputs, and the transmission line section Bk1Bk2 of branch that is no less than 1 the main branch road of connection two outputs.
In Fig. 5, the input of the described power splitter transmission line of 1 expression, 2,3 represent the output one and the output two of described power splitter transmission line respectively, signal is divided into two paths of signals through one-to-two joint 4 after being imported by input 1, through the main branch road output of two outputs.
The transmission line section Bk1Bk2 of branch and the length and the impedance of exporting segmentation AB11, AB12, B (k-1) 1Bk1, B (k-1) 2Bk2, Bn1A11, Bn2A12 on the main branch road suitably are set, when certain frequency is the signal (guide wavelength that makes the fi correspondence is λ i) of fi during by output 2 input, there is mulitpath to arrive output 3.
According to Wilkinson power splitter principle as can be known: 1. signal from node A11 through path A11 → Bn1 → Bn2 → A12 during to node A12, when the odd-multiple of A11Bn1+Bn1Bn2+Bn2A12=λ i/2 or λ i/2, frequency is that the signal of fi is cancelled out each other at Node B k2 place through behind the above-mentioned path; 2. signal from node A11 through path A11 → Bn1 → B (n-1) 1 → ... → B (k+1) 1 → Bk1 → Bk2 → B (k+1) 2 → ... → B (n-1) 2 → Bn2 → A12 is during to node A12, work as A11Bn1+ ... + B (k+1) 1Bk1+Bk1Bk2+B (k+1) 2Bk2+ ... during the odd-multiple of+B (n-1) 2Bn2+Bn2A12=λ i/2 or λ i/2, frequency is that the signal of fi is cancelled out each other at node A12 place through behind the above-mentioned path; 3. signal from node A11 through path A11 → Bn1 → ... → Bk1 → B (k-1) 1 → B (k-2) 1 → ... → B21 → B11 → A → B12 → B22 → ... → B (k-1) 2 → Bk2 → ... → Bn2 → A12 is during to node A12, work as A11Bn1+ ... + Bk1B (k-1) 1+B (k-1) 1B (k-2) 1+ ... + B21B11+B11A+AB12+B12B22+ ... + B (k-2) 2B (k-1) 2+B (k-1) 2Bk2+ ... during the odd-multiple of+Bn2A12=λ i/2 or λ i/2, frequency is that the signal of fi is cancelled out each other at node A12 place through behind the above-mentioned path.More than between two outputs the signal transmission form and the more piece Wilkinson power splitter of multipath similar, therefore under the situation of using same separation resistance, the Wilkinson power splitter that the utility model is related, good frequency bandwidth of isolating is much wideer than the frequency bandwidth of prior art Wilkinson power splitter between its attainable two outputs.
Adopt the odd even modulus method that the related Wilkinson power splitter of the utility model is analyzed, as can be known: 1. when adopting even mould feed at output, the symmetrical centre equivalence of the transmission line section Bk1Bk2 of branch is open circuit, and promptly the even mould model of this power splitter is equivalent to an open circuit detail matching unit in parallel on transmission line; 2. when adopting strange mould feed at output, the equivalence of the symmetrical centre of the transmission line section Bk1Bk2 of branch is short circuit, and promptly the strange mould model of this power splitter is equivalent to a short branch matching unit in parallel on transmission line.So under the situation of using same separation resistance, the Wilkinson power splitter that the utility model is related, its attainable input and output impedance matching frequency bandwidth is much wideer than the impedance matching frequency bandwidth of the Wilkinson power splitter of prior art.
Adjust the position of each transmission line section Bk1Bk2 of branch on the main branch road of output, main highway section B of the impedance magnitude of each transmission line section Bk1Bk2 of branch and corresponding output (k-1) 1Bk1, the impedance magnitude of B (k-1) 2Bk2 can make a plurality of Frequency points isolate between two delivery outlets, and realizes the matched well of these power splitter input and output simultaneously.
According to above operation principle of the present utility model, set up simulation model.
The simulation model initial value is chosen as follows: 1. on two main branch roads of output branch's transmission line section is set, the bar of branch's transmission line section is counted n and is decided according to designed bandwidth of operation, each branch's transmission line section is designated as B11B12 respectively, B21B22 as shown in Figure 5, B31B32, B (k-1) 1B (k-1) 2, Bk1Bk2 ... B (n-1) 1B (n-1) 2, Bn1Bn2, it is λ that each branch's transmission line section length initial value is set
0/ 2 (λ
0Guide wavelength for this power splitter centre frequency correspondence); 2. in bandwidth of operation, get n Frequency point (it comprises the Frequency point of passband edge correspondence), be labeled as f1 respectively, f2, f3 ..., fk ..., fn, the guide wavelength of each Frequency point correspondence are λ
1, λ
2, λ
3..., λ
k..., λ
n11 path equals from node A to Node B 12 path and equals λ from node A to Node B in setting
1/ 4 or equal λ
1/ 4 odd-multiple get B (k-1) 2Bk2=B (k-1) 1Bk1, and its value are set to λ
k/ 2 or be λ
k/ 2 odd-multiple, less for the power splitter size that makes design, choose AB11=λ
1/ 4, B (k-1) 2Bk2=B (k-1) 1Bk1=λ
k/ 2; 3. choosing empirical method according to the impedance of branch line in the branch line electric bridge is provided with the branch line impedance of this power splitter and exports the emulation initial value of each section impedance on the main branch road.
Set up the simulation model of described power splitter according to above method, adjust each branch's transmission line section and the isolation resistance position on the main branch road of output, the impedance magnitude of each branch's line segment and the impedance magnitude of exporting each section on the main branch road, thus realize that described power splitter is exported isolation preferably and good input and output are mated.
In the final mask, 11 path equals from node A to Node B 12 path and equals (λ i/4) * (2p+1)+(λ i/4) * ζ from node A to Node B; The branch transmission line section Bj1Bj2 adjacent with isolation resistance adds node Bj1 and adds node Bj2 again to Node B j2 and be (λ e/2) * (2q+1) to the path of node A12 from node A11 to Node B j1; Satisfied the equaling from Node B (k-1) 1 path to Node B k1 of other node branch transmission line section equals 2* λ h* δ from node joint B (k-1) 2 paths to Node B k2, wherein, λ i is the guide wavelength of the Frequency point fi correspondence in the bandwidth of operation, and p is the natural number less than 20 ,-1<ζ<1; λ e is the guide wavelength of the Frequency point fe correspondence in the bandwidth of operation, and q is the natural number less than 20, and j is the positive integer smaller or equal to branch's transmission line section bar number; λ h is the guide wavelength of the Frequency point fh correspondence in the bandwidth of operation, and k is more than or equal to 2 positive integers smaller or equal to the bar number of branch's transmission line section, 0<δ<1.
Use identical mentality of designing, can also do some variations power splitter schematic diagram 5, such as: (1) is provided with described branch transmission line section (as shown in Figure 6) on the right side of isolation resistance; (2) branch's transmission line section (as shown in Figure 7) or the like all is set in the isolation resistance both sides.More than two kinds of situations all can use above-mentioned analysis to be explained.
Advantage of the present utility model:
1. the utility model can effectively increase the bandwidth of operation of Wilkinson power splitter under the situation that does not increase isolation resistance;
2. under the situation of the bandwidth of operation of realization broad, the isolation resistance that the utility model uses still less, reduced the added influence that isolation resistance brings, traditional relatively more piece Wilkinson power splitter model, improve the accuracy of simulation result, thereby improved the design efficiency of broadband Wilkinson power splitter;
3. under the situation of the bandwidth of operation of realization broad, the utility model uses isolation resistance still less, has reduced production cost;
4. under the situation of the bandwidth of operation of realization broad, the utility model uses isolation resistance still less, has reduced the time that resistance is installed, and has improved production efficiency;
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of two road Wilkinson power splitters of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a ka wave band Wilkinson power splitter of prior art.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of T joint.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of Y joint.
Fig. 5 is provided with the schematic diagram of the modified model Wilkinson power splitter of branch's transmission line section for the isolation resistance left side.
Fig. 6 is provided with the schematic diagram of the modified model Wilkinson power splitter of branch's transmission line section for the isolation resistance right side.
Fig. 7 all is provided with the schematic diagram of the modified model Wilkinson power splitter of branch's transmission line section for the isolation resistance both sides.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of a kind of modified model Wilkinson power splitter model of 4 branch's transmission line section of employing,
Each shown by reference numeral sign in the above-mentioned accompanying drawing is to liking: 1-input branch road input; The output (being output one) of 2-one output branch road; The output (being output two) of another output branch road of 3-; The one-to-two joint of 4-transmission line; 5-input branch road rectangular section; 6-input branch road trapezoidal sections; 7-is the highway section that an output branch road is provided with the vertical power splitter axis of output port; 8-is provided with a highway section of the vertical power splitter axis of output port for another output branch road.
Specific embodiment
The one of ordinary skilled in the art knows, below Y joint in all specific embodiments all can change the T joint into, all available multistage quarter wavelength impedance transducer of the transition line that is adopted replaces.Can carry out various changes to the improvement structure of the related Wilkinson power splitter of the utility model in the form and details, but its essence all is the same, all should belong to protection range of the present utility model.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are described.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment, and the transmission line that is adopted is a microstrip line.Adopt 5880 medium substrates, its dielectric constant is 2.2, and thickness is 0.254mm, do not draw substrate and be positioned at the earthed conductor layer of substrate bottom surface of Fig. 8, and inside and outside solid line institute region is the micro belt conductor band that is positioned at the medium substrate end face among Fig. 8.Dotted line is represented the path of signal transmission among the figure, each section dotted line is represented each section microstrip line respectively, the cross surface of each section microstrip line is illustrated by the intersection point of dotted line respectively, the letter representation of each intersection point among the figure, R is the isolation resistance of Wilkinson power splitter, the interface of isolation resistance place branch and the main branch road of two outputs (is node A11, A12) illustrates by the intersection point of dotted line among the figure.
Modified model Wilkinson power splitter shown in Figure 8 comprises: isolation resistance, the one-to-two joint is (among the figure, the part of intersection point A indication), export main branch road one A → B11 → B21 → B31 → B41 → 7, export main branch road two A → B12 → B22 → B32 → B42 → 8, and be arranged on four branch's transmission line section (B11B12, B21B22, B31B32, B41B42) of exporting main branch road one and exporting two of main branch roads.Wherein, first transmission line section 5, its with close road port and be connected, can be referred to as to close the road incoming line, its characteristic impedance is Z
0(being taken as 50 ohm); Second transmission line section 7,8, it is connected with two branch road ports respectively, can be referred to as output line along separate routes, and its characteristic impedance is Z
0(being taken as 50 ohm); Transition line 6 is as impedance transformer, the one end with close road incoming line 5 and be connected, the other end is connected with the input of one-to-two joint.
Final result: S11<-16dB, S22<-15.5dB and S32<-working band of 20dB is 26GHz
43.8GHz.This result compares with prior art Wilkinson power splitter shown in Figure 2, and Wilkinson power splitter improvement project provided by the utility model makes the bandwidth of operation of Wilkinson power splitter increase nearly twice.
Claims (7)
1. follow-on Wilkinson power splitter, form by resistance and transmission line, its transmission line comprises one-to-two joint [4], the road port that closes of joint connects the input branch road, two fens road ports of joint connect the main branch road of two outputs respectively, be provided with isolation resistance between the main branch road of two outputs, of the present utility model being characterised in that also designed branch's transmission line section that the main branch road of connection two outputs that is no less than 1 is arranged between the main branch road of two outputs, the branch transmission line section adjacent with one-to-two joint [4] is by 11 path equals from node A to Node B 12 path and equals (λ i/4) * (2p+1)+(λ i/4) * ζ design from node A to Node B, the branch transmission line section Bj1Bj2 adjacent with isolation resistance adds node Bj2 again to Node B j2 and is (λ e/2) * (2q+1) design to the path of node A12 by add node Bj1 from node A11 to Node B j1, other node branch transmission line section are by equal to equal 2* λ h* δ design from node joint B (k-1) 2 paths to Node B k2 from Node B (k-1) 1 path to Node B k1, wherein, λ i is the guide wavelength of the Frequency point fi correspondence in the bandwidth of operation, p is the natural number less than 20 ,-1<ζ<1; λ e is the guide wavelength of the Frequency point fe correspondence in the bandwidth of operation, and q is the natural number less than 20, and j is the positive integer smaller or equal to branch's transmission line section bar number; λ h is the guide wavelength of the Frequency point fh correspondence in the bandwidth of operation, and k is more than or equal to 2 integers smaller or equal to the bar number of branch's transmission line section, 0<δ<1.
2. a kind of follow-on Wilkinson power splitter according to claim 1 is characterized in that transmission line is a microstrip transmission line.
3. a kind of follow-on Wilkinson power splitter according to claim 1 is characterized in that design has 1~12 branch's transmission line section that is communicated with the main branch road of two outputs between the main branch road of two outputs.
4. a kind of follow-on Wilkinson power splitter according to claim 1 is characterized in that the branch transmission line section length of two outputs between main branch road is less than 2* λ
O, wherein, λ
OGuide wavelength for power splitter centre frequency correspondence.
5. according to the described a kind of follow-on Wilkinson power splitter of one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described branch transmission line section is positioned at the left side of isolation resistance.
6. according to the described a kind of follow-on Wilkinson power splitter of one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described branch transmission line section is positioned at the right side of isolation resistance.
7. according to the described a kind of follow-on Wilkinson power splitter of one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described branch transmission line section is positioned at the both sides of isolation resistance.
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Cited By (7)
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CN102956947A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-03-06 | 万都株式会社 | Radar system including balun |
CN103259072A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-08-21 | 北京邮电大学 | Ultra-wideband power divider based on exponential gradient |
CN106848511A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-13 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of double frequency filtering power splitter for being applied to WLAN |
CN109449555A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-08 | 江苏贝孚德通讯科技股份有限公司 | A kind of super wide band microstrip power splitter |
CN111834728A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-10-27 | 郝艺益 | Broadband unequal-dividing power divider of coplanar waveguide circuit |
CN112510336A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-16 | 成都天锐星通科技有限公司 | Broadband power divider and electronic equipment |
CN115395198A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Multilayer ultra-wideband power divider and power dividing device comprising same |
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2009
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102956947A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-03-06 | 万都株式会社 | Radar system including balun |
CN103259072A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-08-21 | 北京邮电大学 | Ultra-wideband power divider based on exponential gradient |
CN103259072B (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2015-03-11 | 北京邮电大学 | Ultra-wideband power divider based on exponential gradient |
CN106848511A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-13 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of double frequency filtering power splitter for being applied to WLAN |
CN109449555A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-08 | 江苏贝孚德通讯科技股份有限公司 | A kind of super wide band microstrip power splitter |
CN111834728A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-10-27 | 郝艺益 | Broadband unequal-dividing power divider of coplanar waveguide circuit |
CN112510336A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-16 | 成都天锐星通科技有限公司 | Broadband power divider and electronic equipment |
CN115395198A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Multilayer ultra-wideband power divider and power dividing device comprising same |
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