CN201463831U - Dynamic signal acquiring and processing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a dynamic signal acquiring and processing device which comprises a sensor, a dynamic signal acquiring instrument and a computer, wherein in the dynamic signal acquiring instrument, an instrument amplifier is connected with an A/D converter, and the A/D converter is connected with a single chip microcomputer; the sensor is connected with the instrument amplifier; the computer is connected with the single chip microcomputer; the sensor is a differential resistive sensor; and the power supply circuit of the sensor is a constant-current source circuit. The utility model mainly aims at the dynamic signal acquisition of the differential resistive sensor usually used in project security monitoring to design a special dynamic signal acquiring and processing device; the dynamic sampling frequency of the dynamic signal acquiring and processing device is 10Hz-200Hz and can be set in the measuring range as required; and the dynamic signal acquiring and processing device can be carried conveniently, can acquire the signals of the sensor in real time, has high sampling resolution and precision, and can automatically process and store mass of data.

Description

A kind of dynamic signal acquisition processing device

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of signal acquisition and processing apparatus, particularly a kind of dynamic signal acquisition processing device that is applicable to project security monitoring.

Background technology

The safe operation of hydraulic structures such as water power dam is the major issue that is related to national economy, therefore buried the monitoring that a large amount of sensors carries out the structure condition at the construction period of hydraulic structure underground on its surface and inner the installation, the safe operation of buildings has been monitored in real time.Because hydraulic structure design feature, its natural frequency of vibration is very low, to the nuisance vibration reflection slowly, add the hysteresis of the development of dynamic monitoring instrument system, monitoring system in the past all is static monitoring system, its monitoring result can not the dynamic change characterization of reflect structure when operating modes such as forced vibration, and the operational process of water power dam actual be a dynamic process, especially at flood, earthquake and water level, when current sharply change, its dynamic perfromance is even more important, this moment, static observation often was difficult for capturing many disadvantageous data, cause observed result can not accurately reflect the real change of dam, the accuracy and the promptness of influence decision-making produce very important potential safety hazard, even cause dam break in the safe operation of dam.The sensor of burying underground in the hydraulic structures such as present water power dam is generally differential resistance type sensor, the portable acquisition instrument pointwise of general employing is monitored, or adopt automatic monitoring equipment to patrol and examine automatically, sample frequency is up to a minute level, can't carry out the Dynamic Signal sampling, its sampling resolution and precision are all lower, are not easy to on-the-spot mobile observation, automatically record can not adapt to the needs that mass data is handled storage.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of dynamic signal acquisition processing device, and it is easy to carry, and can gather in real time the signal of sensor, and mass data can be handled and store to sampling resolution and precision height automatically.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution of the utility model is: a kind of dynamic signal acquisition processing device comprises sensor, dynamic signal acquisition instrument and computing machine;

In the described dynamic signal acquisition instrument, instrument amplifier connects A/D converter, and A/D converter connects single-chip microcomputer;

Described sensor is connected with instrument amplifier;

Described computing machine is connected with single-chip microcomputer.

Described sensor is a differential resistance type sensor.Differential resistance type sensor is that the principle of utilizing steel wire distortion and temperature variation to make its resistance produce respective change is made.Steel wire length change with the steel wire resistance variations be linear, simultaneously the steel wire resistance value with its variation of temperature also can be similar to think linear.When sensor is subjected to extraneous tension and compression and when being out of shape, a steel wire tension, its resistance increases, and another root steel wire pressurized, its resistance reduce, and all-in resistance is constant substantially, measures the resistance ratio of two steel wires, just can be in the hope of meter distortion.Because the resistance of two steel wires is differential change when bearing distortion, has improved the sensitivity of instrument, and the resistance variations that distortion is caused does not influence temperature survey.Temperature variation causes that the resistance variations of two steel wires is equidirectional, the resistance of two steel wires all increases when being the temperature rising, and when temperature reduced, the resistance of two steel wires all reduced, therefore measure the resistance in series of two steel wires, just can be in the hope of the ambient temperature of instrument impression.

The power circuit of described sensor is a constant-current source circuit.

The electric current of described constant-current source circuit is 1mA, and constant current accuracy is 0.1%.

Be provided with anti alias filter in the described A/D converter.

Described A/D converter is 24 105K A/D converters.

Described single-chip microcomputer is connected with 1394 communication interfaces of computing machine.

The sample frequency of described dynamic signal acquisition processing device is 10Hz～200Hz.

The beneficial effect that the utility model provides is as follows:

1, utilize 1394 interfaces of computing machine to carry out the real time data transmission, realized hot-swappable and plug and play, greatly satisfied the requirement to portable apparatus and sample rate, test macro not only can use in the laboratory, also can be conveniently used in field condition;

2, realized the multi-channel parallel synchronized sampling by A/D converter, make interchannel not have cross talk effects, sampling rate is not subjected to the restriction of port number, and improved the antijamming capability of sampling rate and device greatly, sample frequency is 10Hz～200Hz, the anti alias filter that comprises in the A/D converter can be done anti-aliasing filtering to signal, has improved transmission characteristic;

3, adopt constant-current source circuit to give tested resistance power supply,, can eliminate the influence of sensor external cable resistance, the sampling precision height by inner two resistances of tension measuring circuit survey sensor and resistance ratio;

4, utilize the storage hard disk of computing machine, can realize long-time real-time, free of discontinuities record data;

5, use a computer the data of real-time collection are analyzed, can filter out gibberish, reduce data quantity stored significantly.

Description of drawings

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Fig. 1 is a structured flowchart of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is circuit theory diagrams of the present utility model.

Embodiment

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the utility model comprises sensor 1, dynamic signal acquisition instrument 2 and computing machine 3;

In the described dynamic signal acquisition instrument 2, instrument amplifier 4 connects A/D converter 5, and A/D converter 5 connects single-chip microcomputer 6;

Described sensor 1 is connected with instrument amplifier 4;

Described computing machine 3 is connected with single-chip microcomputer 6.

Described sensor 1 is a differential resistance type sensor.

The power circuit of described sensor 1 is a constant-current source circuit.

The constant current source electric current of the power circuit of described sensor 1 is 1mA, and constant current accuracy is 0.1%.

Be provided with anti alias filter in the described A/D converter 5.

Described A/D converter 5 is 24, and sampling rate is 105K, and resolution is 1/2 ²⁴, major function is that the output of two instrument amplifiers is done division (stating formula 1 as follows, formula 2) and done anti-aliasing filtering.

Described single-chip microcomputer 6 is connected with 1394 communication interfaces of computing machine 3.

The sample frequency of described dynamic signal acquisition processing device is 10Hz～200Hz.

The utility model adopts constant-current source circuit to power for the tested resistance in the sensor 1, resistance by inner two resistance of tension measuring circuit survey sensor 1 and and resistance ratio, amplify by 4 pairs of sensor signals of instrument amplifier again, after reaching the input range of A/D converter 5, realize the dynamic synchronization collection by A/D converter 5, the signal of A/D converter 5 being exported by single-chip microcomputer 6 is transferred to computing machine 3 through 1394 communication interfaces then, then by the software extraction valid data in the computing machine 3.

Among Fig. 2, every group of instrument 2 passages, 1 lane testing all-in resistance, 2 lane testing resistance ratios.

V1 is the magnitude of voltage that first passage sensor electrical resistance produces:

$\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="V"\; filenames="H200920087088XE00011.png,H200920087088XE00012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}1=\frac{R1+R2}{100}\&times;(2^{23}-1)$

V2 is the magnitude of voltage of second channel sensor resistance than generation:

$\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="V"\; filenames="H200920087088XE00011.png,H200920087088XE00012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}2=\frac{R1}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="R"\; filenames="H200920087088XE00011.png,H200920087088XE00012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}2}\&times;\frac{4}{5}(2^{23}-1)$

As correction factor a=1, first passage sensitivity is 25, and second channel sensitivity is 2000 o'clock:

Resistance value

R＝(R1+R2)×a

Resistance ratio

$Z=\frac{R1}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="R"\; filenames="H200920087088XE00011.png,H200920087088XE00012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}2}\&times;a$

The function of used data filter software is as follows in the computing machine 3 of the present utility model:

1, file management: comprise opening of data file, the backup of renaming of data file, selected curve data presses text formatting and database format is preserved, and selected curve is pressed bitmap format and is preserved, recently the functions such as management of frequently-used data file.

2, sampling condition setting: comprise the setting of sampling rate and sampling process display channel;

3, controlling of sampling: comprise starting sampling, suspend sampling and finishing the sampling function;

4, data and curves Presentation Function: comprise that data and curves shows, any point on curvilinear characteristic value and the curve, the demonstration of respective value also comprises functions such as curve move, compresses and expands;

5, printing function: the printing function that comprises selected curve, this section curvilinear characteristic value and selected data;

6, the software real-time is good, can dynamically offer or close window in the sampling process, dynamically switches or the increase and decrease display channel, dynamically arranges its display mode;

7, have good portability, expandability and upgradability, the interface function with office software be provided: with data file convert to text (.txt file), Excel form document (.xls file), Access database file (.mdb file) and with the Data Format Transform function of powerful interpretation software Matlab.

8, must filter the data of gathering in the software, method is: set fixed sample interval time and two parameters of data deposit threshold values (upper lower limit value) in the software, so that the sampling time is the reference time first, this moment, image data was reference value, all sampled datas all must compare with last reference value later on, as exceed and set upper lower limit value, then, simultaneously the current sampling time is also deposited the sampled data deposit; As do not exceed the bound that sets, then sampled data abandons.But when the Fixed Time Interval of setting arrives,, go round and begin again like this and gather no matter then whether the data of Cai Jiing exceed the setting threshold values and all preserve.

The key technical indexes of the present utility model is as follows:

1, the arm resistance scope of Shi Yonging: 20 ohm～50 ohm;

2, resistance ratio precision: be better than 0.0001;

3, the resistance test effective error is no more than 0.03 ohm;

4, sampling rate: maximum 200Hz is adjustable;

5, storage depth: determine by computing machine free disk space capacity;

6, power supply: built-in high-performance lithium electric battery, but continuous working 8 hours.

Claims (8)

1. dynamic signal acquisition processing device, it is characterized in that: it comprises sensor (1), dynamic signal acquisition instrument (2) and computing machine (3);

In the described dynamic signal acquisition instrument (2), instrument amplifier (4) connects A/D converter (5), and A/D converter (5) connects single-chip microcomputer (6);

Described sensor (1) is connected with instrument amplifier (4);

Described computing machine (3) is connected with single-chip microcomputer (6).

2. a kind of dynamic signal acquisition processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described sensor (1) is a differential resistance type sensor.

3. a kind of dynamic signal acquisition processing device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the power circuit of described sensor (1) is a constant-current source circuit.

4. a kind of dynamic signal acquisition processing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the electric current of described constant-current source circuit is 1mA, and constant current accuracy is 0.1%.

5. a kind of dynamic signal acquisition processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described A/D converter is provided with anti alias filter in (5).

6. a kind of according to claim 1 or 5 dynamic signal acquisition processing device is characterized in that: described A/D converter (5) is 24 105K A/D converters.

7. a kind of dynamic signal acquisition processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described single-chip microcomputer (6) is connected with 1394 communication interfaces of computing machine (3).

8. a kind of dynamic signal acquisition processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the sample frequency of described dynamic signal acquisition processing device is 10Hz～200Hz.

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