CN201413137Y

CN201413137Y - Distance theodolite

Info

Publication number: CN201413137Y
Application number: CN2009201114875U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙德仕
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-06-09
Filing date: 2009-06-09
Publication date: 2010-02-24
Anticipated expiration: 2019-06-09

Abstract

The utility model relates to a distance theodolite, which is characterized in that distance scale graduation lines are marked on the surface of a scale dial and a rail connection device is arranged atthe bottom of the theodolite. The scale dial is mounted on a common theodolite to replace the original scale dial and is used on a tripod. Except the functions of a common theodolite, the theodoliteequipped with the scale dial provided by the utility model can also be used for conveniently and simply measuring midlines of railways, roads and other lines and laying curves by the deflection anglemethod. A special rail theodolite made on the basis of the scale dial is stably arranged on a rail through a bracket for use. The distance theodolite has the advantages of simple design, light weight,good practicality, multiple functions, low manufacturing cost, and easy generalization. The distance theodolite can correct straight lines instead of riding on a rail and visually commanding, directly measure and read distance instead of rope measurement, and correct the midline position of lines by use of the deflection angle method instead of the rope correction method, so as to ensure no deviation or less deviation of a line plane from the original designed midline and save labor at the same time.

Description

Arrow is apart from transit

Technical field:

The utility model relates to a kind of measurement transit, and concrete is to vow apart from transit.

Background technology:

The detection and the examination of current rail curve circle compliance all are to use string to survey method by relevant regulations.This method produces error because of multiple reason easily, sight line out of plumb etc. during, reading unnecessary as the chi head of wind-force, wind direction, steel tape.Especially sweep is bigger, and the ratio of error amount and measured value is bigger.Though at present several verssine measuring apparatus are arranged, these measuring instruments only can record " versed sine ", according to measured data, calculate the track lining scheme automatically, and complex structure, maintenance difficult is proofreaied and correct difficulty.Actual quantities vows apart from also having error, measure the result, both do not had the constraint of allowable error, and line length point is many, vow apart from the error polyphyly that produces and accumulate property and measure, be difficult to offset.Even data existence mistake big with error design the track lining scheme, can make actual center line off-design center line, may produce gooseneck boom, recurvation at the curve two ends; Curve terminus position is moved, the intermediate straight line section can be changed direction more in short-term, has also just changed the steering angle value.Also might become simple curve into multiple innermost being line, change radius.The current people of being directly sees the rail commander straight line that sets right, and is easy to generate curvedly slowly, takes place repeatedly to do over again back and forth easily to redial.Adopt panoramic rope to execute, except that error problem, calculate loaded down with trivial details.The transit of expenditure, minute, second scale is measured center line, method of deflection angle lays in the calculating of curve, and it is frequent to convert.Read, remember, comparison hello such as survey instigates.

Summary of the invention:

Lay problems such as curve calculation, testing be loaded down with trivial details in order to improve method of deflection angle in center line surveys such as railway, highway, the utility model provides a kind of technical scheme of vowing apart from transit, this scheme has loaded down with trivial details conversion, the testing that can exempt angle system, minute, second to be calculated simply, directly records characteristics such as vowing distance.

The technical scheme that its technical matters that solves the utility model adopts is: vow apart from transit, include telescope, microscope and regulating device, it is characterized in that: be shaped on the scale face and vow that apart from the amount scale mark, the transit bottom is provided with coupling arrangement.

Described coupling arrangement is, be provided with the axis swivel nut in transit bottom centre, establish on the rail and connect the track bearing, the structure that connects the track bearing is that the groove width of trough bottom plate cooperates with dilatation joint, the trough bottom plate side is provided with set and locking screw, be fixedly connected with the high fixedly swivel nut of adjusting apparatus on the trough bottom plate face, fixedly the swivel nut endoporus is provided with screw thread, be provided with the center connecting screw rod in the height Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw endoporus, the screw thread of connecting screw rod upper end, center for matching with the axis swivel nut of transit bottom surface, the screw thread of lower end for matching with fixing swivel nut, adjustable screw and left and right adjusting spiral before and after on trough bottom plate, being provided with.

Arrow on the described scale is 31416 apart from the amount scale mark, is distributed on 360 ° of circumference, whenever is divided into 1 and vows elongation, is about 0 ° 0 ' 20.626 ".

Covering on the capping of scale, be provided with vernier over against scale edge value place and read little window, vernier is read little window and is provided with and reads little chi.

The utility model core technology is scale to be made as to be shaped on the scale face vow apart from the amount scale mark.Vow apart from as plane angle unit, this system of units is used in substitution degree, minute, second system on the transit.Make 31416 five equilibriums on circle, every five equilibrium is 1F, and 1 vows that elongation is about 0 ° 0 ' 20.626 ".Here the arrow of indication distance is the arrow distance of narrow sense, specific C=20m.In circular curve, substitution f=C ²÷ 8R, and turn to mm, then f ₁₀=50000/R is defined by radian: central angle=arc length ÷ R, regard arc length to 50000 as, then f ₁₀Be central angle, its unit is for vowing elongation (F).Radian, degree, arrow are as follows apart from the conversion between the three:

1D＝ЛH÷180＝174.533F 1H＝180D÷Л＝10000F

1F＝5.72985×10 ^-3D＝10 ^-4H

The utility model has two kinds of patterns, and a kind of is to change scale on existing transit, is placed on the tripod and uses.Another kind is to measure the arrow of track special use apart from transit, on existing transit base, be provided with the track Connection Block, the track Connection Block is connected just can be realized on the rail measuring easily in orbit, is provided with the many places regulating device on the track Connection Block, can realize multi-faceted adjusting easily.

It is very difficult measuring on railway ballast with the transit of traditional tripod, owing to be subjected to the influence of ballast aggregate, sleeper etc., is difficult to the nail stake, is difficult to point, need move to center line on the curb.The utility model then is that transit is moved to outward on the rail, and expansion is opened in the visual field, is easy to observation.With vowing the corresponding shortening amount of elongation calculated curve foreign stock rail, convenient and simple, and accurately.As two rail phase 1500mm, only need 0.3 take advantage of vow distance and.The utility model of adopt measuring the track special use can directly record vow apart from or vow distance and.Owing to vow distance and be directly proportional with arc section, therefore, pointwise is observed apart from marking by required on rail, can from instrument, directly read the instrument loca to the arrow of measuring point apart from accumulative total.Replace string and survey method, improve measuring accuracy, also can reduce and measure manually, fathom method required amount is three times usually, with the utility model general one time, at most twice, can directly record total drift angle, find out the curve connection terminals with length of tangent line, control clamp section direction between two curves, eliminate gooseneck boom, recurvation.Commander dials straight-line segment with instrument, eliminates slowly and bends, and alternative human eye is directly seen rail commander track lining.Arrow is executed the calculating curve adjusting apart from the alternative panoramic rope of method of deflection angle.Its degree of accuracy height, simple to operate, abbreviation calculates.Pay special attention to: the arrow here is apart from defining with f=50000 ÷ R, as the arrow of 40m apart from being 2f ₁₀,, rather than the 40m string calculate the arrow distance.

The center line survey of the utility model in the design of railway, highway, construction, lay curve, railway and move that aspect such as center line is calculated, testing wants much simple, particularly measure curve with method of deflection angle, when f is 10 multiple, need not calculate, the mental arithmetic mental arithmetic just can.With this instrument replace ride rail see commander set right straight line, directly survey read to vow apart from replace the rope amount vow apart from, substitute rope with method of deflection angle and execute, correct the line midline position, guarantee that track plan does not depart from former design center line, save artificial simultaneously.

Railroad track tailored version of the present utility model makes every effort to simple, light, practical, function is many in design, and cost is low, be easy to popularize.Reduced structures such as vertical circle on the general transit, leveling bearing for this reason, changed that optical read is little to be read littlely for vernier, can reduce angle measurement precision, during centering without plumb bob etc.The utility model is skillfully constructed, modern design, easy to use, except that function with plain transit, establish line midlines such as railway, highway, method of deflection angle in survey and lay that aspect such as curve is calculated, testing wants simple, easy to use, accurately, be a kind of novel transit.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model synoptic diagram,

Fig. 2 is the utility model scale synoptic diagram,

Fig. 3 measures the arrow of track special use apart from the transit synoptic diagram,

Fig. 4 is the utility model track Connection Block vertical view,

Fig. 5 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 4.

(1) is that transit, (2) are regulated bolt sleeve for left and right sides leveling spiral, (13) for height for set and locking screw, (12) for center connecting screw rod, (11) for front and back leveling spiral, (10) for trough bottom plate, (8) for rail, (7) for axis swivel nut, (6) for angle system reticule, (5) for vowing apart from mean line, (4) for scale, (3) among the figure.

Embodiment

1, vows apart from transit

Arrow is apart from transit (1), include telescope, reading microscope, reflective mirror and regulating device, the arrow on the scale (2) is 31416 apart from amount scale mark (3), is distributed on one 360 ° the circumference, whenever be divided into 1 and vow elongation, be about 0 ° 0 ' 20.626 " as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.With the scale of the present utility model plain transit of packing into, be installed on the tripod and use.

2, measure the arrow of track special use apart from transit

Scale (2) is identical with embodiment 1.On the capping that covers scale, be fixed with vernier over against scale edge value place and read little window, vernier is read little window and is provided with and reads little chi, the structure that vernier is adopted on reading little window and reading little chi and existing transit is identical, be provided with axis swivel nut (5) in transit (1) bottom surface, establish connection track bearing on the rail (6), the structure that connects the track bearing is the groove width place of trough bottom plate (7) and rail (6) clearance fit; Because there is the rail level gradient in the rail rail level at the turning, for making arrow be in level apart from transit, plane on the grooved base plate is made as and the corresponding to gradient of the rail level gradient, usually the gradient of the rail level gradient is 1: 40, the trough bottom plate side is provided with set and locking screw (11), be fixedly connected with the high fixedly swivel nut (13) of adjusting apparatus on the trough bottom plate face, fixedly the swivel nut endoporus is provided with screw thread, be provided with center connecting screw rod (10) in the height Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw endoporus, the screw thread of connecting screw rod upper end, center for matching with the axis swivel nut (5) of transit bottom surface, the screw thread of lower end for matching with fixing swivel nut, adjustable screw (8) and left and right adjusting spiral (12) before and after on trough bottom plate, being provided with.During use trough bottom plate is buckled in to align on the rail and puts the instrument point, screw set and locking screw (11), leveling gets final product testing, normally couchant observation.

Claims

1. vow apart from transit, include telescope, microscope and regulating device, it is characterized in that: be shaped on scale (2) face and vow that apart from amount scale mark (3), transit (1) bottom is provided with coupling arrangement.

2. arrow according to claim 1 is apart from transit, it is characterized in that, described coupling arrangement is, bottom centre is provided with axis swivel nut (5) at transit (1), establish on the rail (6) and connect the track bearing, the structure that connects the track bearing is the groove width and rail (6) clearance fit of trough bottom plate (7), the trough bottom plate side is provided with set and locking screw (11), be fixedly connected with the high fixedly swivel nut (13) of adjusting apparatus on the trough bottom plate face, fixedly the swivel nut endoporus is provided with screw thread, be provided with center connecting screw rod (10) in the height Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw endoporus, the screw thread of connecting screw rod upper end, center for matching with the axis swivel nut (5) of transit bottom surface, the screw thread of lower end for matching with fixing swivel nut (13), adjustable screw (8) and left and right adjusting spiral (12) before and after on trough bottom plate, being provided with.

3. arrow according to claim 1 is characterized in that apart from transit the arrow on the described scale (2) is 31416 apart from amount scale mark (3), is distributed on 360 ° of circumference, whenever is divided into 1 and vows elongation, is about 0 ° 0 ' 20.626 "

4. arrow according to claim 1 is characterized in that apart from transit, on the capping that covers scale, is provided with vernier over against scale edge value place and reads little window, and vernier is read little window and is provided with and reads little chi.