CN201409020Y - Radial magnetic steel doubly-salient-pole mixed excitation motor - Google Patents

Abstract

A radial magnetic steel doubly-salient-pole mixed excitation motor belongs to a doubly-salient-pole mixed excitation motor and comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator consists of a stator back yoke (1), a stator tooth yoke (4), a radial magnetized permanent magnet (2), an exciting winding (3) and an armature winding (6); and the rotor is provided with a rotating shaft (8) and consists of a salient pole rotor (5); and all the structures are installed inside a motor shell (7). Compared with the prior art, the radial magnetic steel doubly-salient-pole mixed excitation motor does not have additional air gaps, a permanent magnetic circuit and an electric excitation circuit act on different poles, magnetic-flux leakage is small, electric excitation efficiency is high, and the optimumapplication and energy-saving effects can be achieved easily. When the stator back yoke is unsaturated, the permanent magnet only acts on the air gaps under the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet,and the electric excitation also only acts on the air gaps under the magnetic poles of the electric excitation, thus avoiding the demagnetization danger of the magnetic steel in weak magnetism of a common permanent magnet motor. The radial magnetic steel doubly-salient-pole mixed excitation motor is suitable for adjustable voltage generators and wide adjustable speed motors.

Description

Radial magnet steel double salient-pole mixed excitation electric machine

Technical field

The radial magnet steel double salient-pole mixed excitation electric machine that the utility model relates to belongs to a kind of double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor.

Background technology

The La Gunuo in the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches of Moscow aeronautical engineering institute days professors proposed the structure of magnetic potential mixed excitation synchronous generator in parallel in 1988.Stator is with common identical to the step motor, and rotor is divided into two parts, and a part is a permanent magnet excitation, and another part is electric excitation.This motor characteristic feature: electric excitation division is divided into claw-pole structure, and additional air gap is many, axial magnetic circuit, and leakage field is big, and electric excitation function is restricted.

Japan doctor T.Mizuno etc. has proposed axial/radial magnetic circuit mixed excitation synchronous generator.The stator armature winding of this motor is common three-phase symmetric winding, and stator core is divided into two sections by stator ring DC excitation winding, and this two iron legs heart mechanically with on the magnetic is connected by its outer back of the body yoke (casing that is used for axial magnetic conduction); Rotor is separated into two parts also: N is extreme and S is extreme, whenever extremely be staggered from same polarity permanent-magnet pole and the interpole that forms unshakable in one's determination, and the N at two ends, S permanent-magnet pole and interpole also is staggered.One solid flux sleeve letter (rotor back of the body yoke) is arranged between rotor core and rotating shaft, be used for the axial magnetic conduction of rotor.This motor characteristic feature: additional air gap is many, but is fixing air gap: have the axial/radial magnetic circuit, electric machine structure optimization is tied.

Professor Lipo of Wisconsin-Madison university waits and has proposed a kind of axial magnetic field consequent pole mixed excitation electric machine structure.It is made of the annular stator core (wherein being embedded with the polyphase armature winding) of two flutings, two disk rotors, a DC excitation winding.At the rotor surface interpole that permanent-magnet pole and iron core form that is being staggered.This motor adds that the stator and rotor iron core all is divided into two sections owing to adopted interpole, and additional air gap is many, and power density and stock utilization are difficult to improve.

Also have a kind of double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor, it is to develop to come out on the basis of doubly salient permanent magnet motor, has kept whole advantages of doubly salient permanent magnet motor.This motor can be regulated air-gap field by the direction and the size of control exciting current.But electric energized circuit passes through permanent magnet, and electric excitation efficiency is low.

The old clear spring of Hong Kong University, professor Jiang Jianzhong of Shanghai Polytechnic Univ etc. have proposed a kind of Lundell composite excitation to the step motor.The external stator of this motor and the stator of common electric machine are similar, are embedded with heterogeneous symmetric winding in the groove, and rotor adopts claw-pole structure, places permanent magnet between two adjacent pawl utmost points, is placed with annular DC excitation winding on internal stator.Because the DC excitation winding places in the formed zone, inside and outside unit by the pawl utmost point, space availability ratio height, compact conformation.But owing to there is axial magnetic circuit, electric excitation efficiency is low.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of motor of having cancelled axial magnetic circuit and additional air gap is provided.This motor permanent magnetism side of body magnetic and electric energized circuit are separate, thus the excitation efficiency height, and be convenient to the optimal design of electric machine structure, to reach optimum energy-saving effect.

The formation of radial magnet steel double salient-pole mixed excitation electric machine of the present utility model be on the stator except the original armature winding of common radial magnet steel double salient-pole magneto and a part of permanent magnetic steel are arranged, also be provided with excitation winding.Constitution principle is to guarantee to have the even number permanent magnetic steel, and has 1 pair of stator poles that excitation source is provided by electric excitation at least.The ratio of permanent magnetic steel number and electric excitation number of poles is big more, and the ratio that then electric excitation partly accounts for is more little, and exciting power is more little; Voltage-regulation scope as generator is more little; Output-constant operation district when moving as motor is also more little.

The wet concrete formation of closing excitation electromotor of this radial magnet steel double salient-pole, comprise casing, the stator of being made up of stator core, armature winding, excitation winding and radial permanent magnet magnet steel is housed in casing and rotating shaft is housed and place the radial magnet steel double salient-pole mixed excitation electric machine that rotor constituted in the stator by what rotor core was formed, be characterized in having the even number magnet steel, have 1 pair of stator poles that excitation source is provided by electric excitation at least.

Compared with prior art, this radial magnet steel double salient-pole mixed excitation electric machine has following characteristics:

1,, can select different magnet steel numbers and excitation winding number according to the application scenario.Be convenient to realize the optimal design of electric machine structure, reach best energy-saving effect.

2, when obstructed exciting current, this motor is compared with common radial magnet steel double salient-pole motor and is in weak magnetic state.In addition, exciting current can two-wayly be controlled, and can adapt to wide speed of service requirement.

3, compare with existing mixed excitation electric machine, do not have axial magnetic circuit and additional air gap, electric excitation efficiency height.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that 6 utmost point radial magnet steel double salient-poles reason is closed the excitation electromotor sectional view;

Number in the figure title: 1, stator back of the body yoke; 2, permanent magnetic steel; 3, excitation winding; 4, stator tooth yoke; 5, field spider iron core; 6, armature winding; 7, casing; 8, rotating shaft.

Fig. 2 is a radial magnet steel double salient-pole mixed excitation electric machine equivalent magnetic circuit schematic diagram;

Number in the figure title: R _δMagnetic resistance for each extremely relative air gap and stator tooth yoke, rotor tooth portion; R _sMagnetic resistance for each extremely corresponding stator back of the body yoke; R _PMMagnetic resistance for permanent magnetic steel; E _PMBe the permanent magnetic steel magnetic potential; U is electric excitation magnetic potential; ￠ ₁～￠ ₆Be air-gap flux.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, embodiment of the present utility model is further described.Following examples only are used for the technical solution of the utility model more clearly is described, and can not limit protection range of the present utility model with this.

As shown in Figure 1, the composition of radial magnet steel double salient-pole mixed excitation electric machine of the present utility model is, by being made up of the permanent magnetic steel structure and the distinctive electric excitation structure of common radial magnet steel doubly salient permanent magnet motor on the stator.The i.e. stator of forming by armature winding 6, stator tooth yoke 4, stator back of the body yoke 1, permanent magnetic steel 2, excitation winding 3 and rotating shaft 8 is housed and by forming with field spider iron core 5 rotors of forming of common double salient pole machine same structure, said structure all is loaded in the casing 7.Wherein, must guarantee to have the even number permanent magnetic steel, and exist at least and a pair ofly provide the stator poles of excitation source, on this stator poles, be wound with excitation winding 3 by electric excitation

In addition, can adjust the number of number of poles, permanent magnetic steel and the excitation winding of motor stator as required.

The operation principle of radial magnet steel double salient-pole mixed excitation electric machine:

Radial magnet steel double salient-pole mixed excitation electric machine both can be used as generator, also can be used as motor.Can analyze the operation principle of this motor according to equivalent magnetic circuit shown in Figure 2.

If the magnetic resistance of air gap that each is extremely relative and stator tooth yoke, rotor tooth portion is R _δ, the magnetic resistance of the stator back of the body yoke that each is extremely corresponding is labeled as R _SThe magnetic resistance of permanent magnet is labeled as R _PMThe magnetic potential that permanent magnet provides is E _PMThe magnetic potential that excitation winding provides is U.In the equivalent magnetic circuit, ignored the magnetic resistance of rotor yoke.The main magnetic circuit that excitation magnetic potential forms is not by permanent magnet, and it and permanent magnetic potential form relation in parallel in main air gap.

Usually, R is arranged _SMuch smaller than R _δAnd R _PM, for easy analysis can be ignored its influence, i.e. R _s=0.

Deriving 2,3,5,6 extremely relative air-gap fluxs easily from equivalent magnetic circuit is:

${\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{2,3,4,6}}=\frac{U}{R_{\mathrm{\δ}}}$

1,4 extremely relative air-gap flux is:

${\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{1,4}}=\frac{E_{\mathrm{PM}}}{R_{\mathrm{\δ}}+R_{\mathrm{PM}}}$

The extremely corresponding air-gap flux that permanent magnet is installed remains unchanged.When not applying exciting current, 2,3,5,6 utmost points are in 0 excited state.Apply the forward exciting current and can play and increase magnetic action, can make motor be in weak magnetic state if apply reciprocal exciting current.

Suitably design the physical dimension of motor, can be so that R _PM, R _δAnd R _sRational numerical is arranged.Change exciting current and can control the power of air-gap field effectively.

The advantage of radial magnet steel double salient-pole mixed excitation electric machine

1, when not adding excitation, only under permanent magnetism magnetic pole, produces air-gap field.Can regulate the ratio of electric excitation by selecting different permanent magnet numbers of poles, and can realize fully weak magnetic in the ratio of electric excitation number of poles.

2, because permanent magnet and electric magnetic excitation circuit are relatively independent, the magnetic circuit of excitation winding does not pass permanent magnet, has eliminated the possibility that permanent magnet is demagnetized.

3, when adding the forward exciting current, the air-gap flux under the electric field pole of correspondence is all strengthened, and plays the effect that increases magnetic.And the field ampere-turns that needs when increasing magnetic is consistent with the common electrical excitation biconvex electrode electric machine, owing to have permanent magnet to exist, so the excitation electric energy requires still less: and compare doubly salient permanent magnet motor, excitation field is easy to adjusting, realizes wide speed adjustable range easily.

The above only is a preferred implementation of the present utility model; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model know-why; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection range of the present utility model.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of radial magnet steel double salient-pole mixed excitation electric machine, comprise casing (7), the stator of being made up of stator back of the body yoke (1), stator diametrical magnetization permanent magnetic steel (2), stator tooth yoke (4) and armature winding (6) is housed in casing (7), and what rotating shaft (8) was housed places the interior rotor of stator by what field spider iron core (5) was formed; It is characterized in that described radial magnet steel double salient-pole mixed excitation electric machine has even number stator diametrical magnetization permanent magnetic steel, and exist at least and a pair ofly provide the stator poles of excitation source by electric excitation, on this stator poles, be wound with excitation winding (3) and do not have stator diametrical magnetization permanent magnetic steel in this stator poles simultaneously.

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