CN201355795Y - Electronic reversing DC motor with nine reversing units - Google Patents
Electronic reversing DC motor with nine reversing units Download PDFInfo
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- CN201355795Y CN201355795Y CNU2008202059781U CN200820205978U CN201355795Y CN 201355795 Y CN201355795 Y CN 201355795Y CN U2008202059781 U CNU2008202059781 U CN U2008202059781U CN 200820205978 U CN200820205978 U CN 200820205978U CN 201355795 Y CN201355795 Y CN 201355795Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an electronic reversing DC motor with nine reversing units. The winding inductance of the existing brushless DC motor has great limitation on the capacity of the motor. Thereby, the armature winding on a stator is divided into nine winding reversing units; the nine winding reversing units are connected end to end, and are in enneagon connection; nine winding ends are led out; an electronic reversing component comprises nine magnetic field sensors, a nine-phase bridge circuit and a logic reversing device, wherein the signal combination of the nine magnetic field sensors outputs the state of 18 paths of power switch tube control signal combinations through the logic reversing device to control the current direction of the nine winding reversing units, so the current direction in the winding reversing units with the positive EMF instantaneous value is positive, and the current direction in the winding reversing units with the negative EMF instantaneous value is negative. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient speed regulation, low cost and long service life, and is suitable for military use and civil use.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of nine reversing unit electronic commutation DC motor, it is a kind of brushless DC motor through brand-new design, characteristics are that the armature winding circuit is consistent with the formation and the action principle of traditional DC motor armature winding circuit, and motor has nine groups of electronic commutation unit.
Technical background
Modern age, brushless DC motor generally adopted the structure of typical three-phase permanent-magnetic synchronous motors, give the power supply of three-phase winding circuit with the angle position signal power controlling switching device circuit of three Hall elements or other position transducers, be three-phase square wave or sine voltage, become the synchronous motor that the motor synchronizing function is arranged, has the operation characteristic of similar DC motor, so be called brushless DC motor.But in fact be still the synchronous motor that square-wave voltage drives or sine voltage drives, still have certain gap in some aspects with real DC motor.For example winding inductance is to the restriction of capacity motor; The measurement of armature supply and control have to adopt the complex calculation of coordinate transform etc.
The utility model is that the essence made at the weak point of above-mentioned modern brushless DC motor changes design, makes its more approaching traditional DC motor on principle and on the performance.
The utility model content
Nine reversing unit electronic commutation DC motor adopt following scheme to realize: the same with typical motor, this motor also is made of parts such as stator, rotor, front and rear cover and bearings, also comprises the electronic commutation parts.It is characterized in that:
1, comprises an a pair of utmost point or many permanent magnetism magnetic pole rotors to the utmost point (p 〉=1);
2, a multiple groove of nine is arranged on the stator core, N
S=9k
1
3, every couple of extremely every reversing unit number of stator slots N
S/ 9p=k
1/ p, k
1/ p 〉=1 o'clock formation integer groove winding, k
1/ p＜1 constitutes fractional slot winding.Integer groove winding must meet the symmetric condition of 9 reversing unit windings, and it is integer that fractional slot winding then should have p/k, but is not three or three multiple, just meets the condition of 9 reversing unit winding symmetries;
4, the coil number of stator winding equates that with the groove number of stator core each reversing unit is by k
1Individual coil is in series or in parallel to form.Each reversing unit of 9 reversing unit symmetric windings evenly distributes in the rotor field, the 40 ° of electrical degrees that stagger successively mutually, and demarcation is the 1st, 3,5,7,9,2,4,6 and 8 reversing units.9 reversing units of armature winding or 9 phases are end to end successively to be unified into 9 limit shapes, and draws 9 winding terminals, and 9 reversing units or 9 electric current in is mutually controlled by electronic commutator;
5, electronic commutator comprise 9 magnetic field position transducers, the 9 phase bridge circuits formed by 9 road power switch pipe upper and lower bridge arms and the logical transition device between magnetic field position signal and the power switch pipe signal.9 winding terminals are received the brachium pontis mid point that corresponding 9 power switch pipes constitute, brachium pontis switching tube conducting on the corresponding brachium pontis, brachium pontis switching tube conducting down, still not conductings of bridge switch pipe up and down, determine this winding terminal and power supply just to connect, connect or directly do not join, thereby make the electric current in the corresponding units winding be forward conduction, reverse-conducting or not change conducting direction with power-.The signal combination input logic switching device of 9 magnetic field position transducers, the control signal combination of output 18 road power switch pipes after logical transition, control sense of current in 9 winding reversing units, allow the EMF instantaneous value be that the sense of current in the positive winding element is for just, the EMF instantaneous value is negative for the sense of current in the negative winding element, and promptly whole armature winding all is to be divided into two branch roads to connect with DC power supply in any moment.The EMF instantaneous value of any one winding reversing unit is by just becoming negative or become timing by negative in other words, the sense of current in all corresponding change winding, and when the EMF instantaneous value sign change did not take place, sense of current was also constant in the winding.
When 6, adopting switch Hall magnetic field position transducer, the position of 9 HALL elements is according to consistent placement of zero crossing of EMF waveform in square wave HALL signal and the corresponding reversing unit.Find consistent or identical coil with winding reversing unit EMF, when this coil is range, the HALL element is placed on the center line of this coil side notch, this coil be short distance or long apart from the time, the then inclined to one side angle of notch center line of crossing, this angle equals coil span falls or grow angle than pole span weak point half.Also can make positive HALL element in rotor pole surface or the along the circumferential direction adjustable structure of end relative position, make the HALL signal consistent with corresponding windings unit EMF waveform pass zero point by the actual measurement debugging.
7, as `9 HALL element of rotor field transducer, the square-wave signal that is produced, corresponding with corresponding 9 winding reversing units, use h respectively
1, h
3, h
5, h
7, h
9, h
2, h
4, h
6And h
8Expression, their zero crossing is consistent with the zero crossing of corresponding windings unit EMF waveform, also be the 40 ° of electrical degrees that stagger successively mutually, the state of 9 HALL signal combination, turning over a pair of pole span with rotor is the cycle to make circulation change, comprise 18 kinds of states in one-period or a circulation, promptly change a next state every 20 ° of electrical degrees.
8, adopt the Programmable Logic Device assembly, i.e. GAL circuit, with the combination of 9 the HALL signals input as it, logical transition is the array output of 18 road power switch pipe control signals then.9 control ends of going up the brachium pontis power switch pipe adopt the label identical with the corresponding windings reversing unit, be followed successively by 1,3,5,7,9,2,4,6 and 8 respectively, the control end of following brachium pontis power tube then with adding anti-label, is followed successively by 1,3,5,7,9,2,4,6 and 8 respectively.The state of 18 road power tube control signals combination of GAL circuit output, corresponding with the HALL signal, also be to turn over a pair of very loop cycle with rotor to change, each circulation contains 18 kinds of "on" positions.In 18 road signals of each state of GAL circuit output, only have two the tunnel to be Continuity signal, and one the tunnel be last brachium pontis Continuity signal, another road is brachium pontis Continuity signal down, and other 16 the tunnel all are Continuity signals not.The state of every change one HALL signal combination, the state of GAL circuit output control signal combination changes once thereupon, in fact has only corresponding HALL signal to become 1 or become 0 brachium pontis Continuity signal by 1 and need in turn that displacement changes from 0.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing these nine reversing unit electronic commutation DC motor are described further:
Fig. 1 is a general structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is a rotor structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is armature winding figure of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is an armature winding internal circuit diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is the connection layout of thyristor group of the present utility model and winding reversing unit;
Fig. 6 is a Hall element distribution schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 is the utility model hall signal and counter potential waveform corresponding relation schematic diagram:
Fig. 8 is the utility model CW when rotation, hall signal and counter potential waveform summary view;
Fig. 9 is the utility model CCW when rotation, hall signal and counter potential waveform summary view.
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, be general structure of the present utility model, as shown in the figure: 1---fore bearing, 2---front end housing, 3---stator, 4---rotor, 5---Hall element, 6---printed circuit board, 7---rear end cap, 8---rear bearing, 9---the electronic commutator parts, 10---the motor windings terminal adapter, 11---the hall signal wiring connector, 12---the control end connector, 13---supply socket.
This example is the permanent magnet motor of 2 pairs of utmost points, p=2, as shown in Figure 2.
This example stator core is 18 grooves, N
S=18=2 * 9, k
1=2, p/k
1=1, show that armature winding will comprise two unit windings, 9 adjacent coils constitute a unit winding, and other 9 coils then constitute another unit winding.The double-deck short distance winding of standard, the connection between coil and the unit as shown in Figure 3, given here is connection in parallel between Unit two.After the winding connection was finished, armature winding inside was summed up as 9 winding reversing units, joins end to end successively, becomes 9 limit shape connections, draws 9 leading-out terminals, as shown in Figure 4.
Each winding reversing unit all has corresponding thyristor group, is the half-bridge circuit that is connected on power driving power supply, and last brachium pontis conducting can make corresponding reversing unit forward conduction, and following brachium pontis conducting then can make corresponding reversing unit reverse-conducting.As shown in Figure 5, the leading-out terminal of winding reversing unit is connected on the mid point of corresponding semiconductor group of switching elements brachium pontis, the digitized representation symbol of group of switching elements control end is identical with the code name of corresponding windings reversing unit leading-out terminal, promptly go up brachium pontis control signal end and should be 1,3,5,7,9,2,4,6 and 8 mutually, following brachium pontis control signal end should be 1,3,5,7,9,2,4,6 and 8 mutually.
The magnetic field position transducer of this example is conventional switch Hall element, the same with winding reversing unit number, have 9, be evenly distributed on the circumference of rotor permanent magnet end face correspondence, as shown in Figure 6, expressing a branch road of the 1st winding reversing unit among the figure, is a coil of crossing between (1) groove to the (5) groove; The Hall element 1 corresponding with the 1st winding reversing unit is placed on (1) notch center line to the inclined to one side 5 ° position of CCW direction; Along the Hall element that circumference is evenly placed, by the reversing unit number under their present position embedded coils, just can determine numbering separately, be 1,5,9,4,8,3,7,2 and 6 by the circumferential order of CW direction.
In the process of motor rotor rotation, the moment of getting rotor magnetic pole position shown in Figure 6 is time coordinate zero point, and this moment, the center line of reversing unit 1 coil was consistent with the center line of rotor N level, the magnetic linkage ψ of coil
1Be maximum, back-emf e
1Instantaneous value be zero, Hall element 1 is in the intersection of the N utmost point and the S utmost point, the signal h of Hall element 1
1Be in from zero and just becoming or from moment of positive vanishing, because of turning to difference different, as shown in Figure 7.The back-emf of other each reversing units is also identical with the signal waveform phase relation of corresponding Hall element.The phase place of considering the back-emf of each reversing unit 40 ° of electrical degrees that stagger successively, the waveform that can obtain example motor commutation unit back-emf and hall signal gathers, as Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9.If cycle (360 ° of electrical degrees) of wave form varies is divided into the time zone of 18 equal portions, promptly each time zone is 20 ° of electrical degrees, and the time-scale that can obtain motor hall signal state variation is as follows:
Table 1CW direction rotation hall signal state time-scale
Table 2CCW direction rotation hall signal state time-scale
Table 1 and table 2 show that the state of hall signal is periodically variable, and to turn over a pair of pole span, promptly 360 ° of electrical degrees are the cycle, and there are 18 kinds of different states in each cycle.Hall signal is to be used for power controlling pipe turn-on and turn-off, with each reversing unit sense of current of control winding, the power switch pipe conducting state that promptly different hall signal states is corresponding different.So electronic commutation part of this novel motor, except hall detection component and power switch assembly, also have very important parts of signal condition being made logical transition, with regard to this example, the input signal of these logical transition parts, be exactly 9 hall signals that listed the rotating and reverse of table 1 and table 2 respectively has 18 kinds of variations, its output then should be to rotate and reverse 18 power tube Continuity signals that 18 kinds of variations are respectively arranged, because 9 reversing units have 9 to go up brachium pontis power tube and 9 following brachium pontis power tubes, use 1 respectively, 3,5,7,9,2,4,6,8 and 1,3,5,7,9,2,4,6,8 expressions are so the output of logical conversion is 18.This corresponding relation is listed in table 1 and the table 2 simultaneously, takes the method for expressing simplified here, and for example the Continuity signal state is 23 o'clock, expression power tube 2 and power tube 3 conductings, all the other all not conductings of power tube.During power tube 2 conductings, make electric current one road forward flow into reversing unit winding 2,4,6,8 and 1, another road oppositely flows into reversing unit winding 9,7,5 and 3, and two the tunnel are flowed out through the power supply closure by power switch pipe 3 together.The characteristics of last branch road are that the instantaneous value of EMF just is, and the characteristics of back one road branch road are that the instantaneous value of EMF is negative.
Claims (9)
1, nine reversing unit electronic commutation DC motor comprise rotor, stator and electronic commutation parts, it is characterized in that: a pair of utmost point or many permanent magnet poles to the utmost point are arranged on the rotor; A multiple teeth groove of 9 is arranged in the stator core that silicon steel sheet changes, armature winding on the stator is divided into 9 winding reversing units, evenly distributes the EMF 40 ° of electrical degrees that misplace successively in the rotor field, 9 winding reversing units are end to end to be 9 limit shapes and to connect, and draws 9 winding terminals; Electronics changes that parts comprise 9 magnetic field position transducers, the 9 phase bridge circuits be made up of 9 road power switch pipe upper and lower bridge arms and the logical transition device between magnetic field position signal combination state and the power switch pipe control signal assembled state; The signal combination of 9 magnetic field position transducers is exported the state of 18 road power switch pipe control signals combination through the logical transition device, control sense of current in 9 winding reversing units, allow the EMF instantaneous value be in the positive winding reversing unit sense of current for just, the EMF instantaneous value is negative for sense of current in the negative winding reversing unit, being whole armature winding was connected with DC power supply after all being to be divided into two branch road parallel connections in any moment, the EMF instantaneous value of any one winding reversing unit is by just becoming negative or becoming timing by bearing in other words, sense of current in all corresponding change winding reversing unit, when the EMF instantaneous value sign change did not take place, the sense of current in the winding reversing unit was constant.
2, nine reversing unit electronic commutation DC motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a pair of utmost point or many permanent magnet poles to the utmost point, i.e. number of pole-pairs P 〉=1 are arranged on the rotor.
3, according to the described nine reversing unit electronic commutation DC motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: a multiple teeth groove of 9 is arranged in the stator core that silicon steel sheet changes, and promptly the stator teeth groove is counted N
S=9k
1, k
1Be positive integer.
4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described nine commutator electronic commutation DC motor, it is characterized in that: every couple of extremely every reversing unit number of stator slots k
1/ p 〉=1, perhaps k
1/ p＜1, but P can both meet the symmetric condition that constitutes 9 reversing unit armature winding when being not equal to three or three multiple.
5, according to the described nine reversing unit electronic commutation DC motor of claim 4, it is characterized in that: armature winding is divided into 9 winding reversing units, in the rotor field, evenly distribute, the EMF 40 ° of electrical degrees that misplace successively, label is the 1st, 3,5,7,9,2,4,6 and 8 reversing units successively, 9 winding elements are end to end, are 9 limit shapes and connect, and correspondingly draw 9 winding terminals.Label is corresponding successively also to be 1,3,5,7,9,2,4,6 and 8.
6, nine reversing unit electronic commutation DC motor according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: 9 leading-out terminals of armature winding are connected to the mid point of 9 phase bridge circuit brachium pontis respectively successively.
7, nine reversing unit electronic commutation DC motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when adopting switch Hall magnetic field position transducer, the position of 9 HALL elements is according in square wave HALL signal and the corresponding windings reversing unit, the zero crossing of EMF waveform is consistent to be placed, find consistent or synchronous coil with winding reversing unit EMF, when this coil is range, the HALL element is placed on the center line of this coil side notch, the short distance of this coil or long apart from the time, the then inclined to one side angle of notch center line of crossing, this angle equals coil span falls or grow angle than pole span weak point half, when making the HALL element along the adjustable structure of rotor pole surface or end face circumferential locations, as long as guarantee 9 HALL elements successively at interval 40 ° of electrical degrees just can, the position of final location according to consistent with the zero crossing of EMF waveform in the corresponding windings reversing unit come definite.
8, according to claim 1 or 7 described nine reversing unit electronic commutation DC motor, it is characterized in that: 9 HALL elements of described rotor field position transducer, the square-wave signal that is produced is used h respectively
1, h
3, h
5, h
7, h
9, h
2, h
4, h
6And h
8Expression, 40 ° of electrical degrees mutually successively stagger, the state of 9 HALL signals, turning over a pair of pole span with rotor is the cycle to make circulation change, comprise 18 kinds of states in one-period or a circulation, promptly change a next state every 20 ° of electrical degrees, when motor was pressed CW direction or the rotation of CCW direction, HALL signal condition time-scale was shown in table 1 and table 2 in the specification.
9, nine reversing unit electronic commutation DC motor according to claim 8 is characterized in that: 9 road HALL signal conditions are converted to 18 road power switch pipe control signals can adopt the Programmable Logic Device assembly, be i.e. the GAL circuit; 9 winding terminal labels are followed successively by 1,3,5,7,9,2,4,6 and 8,9 labels of going up brachium pontis switching tube and 9 following brachium pontis control end of switching tube that correspondingly are attached thereto are expressed as 1,3,5,7,9,2,4,6,8 and 1,3,5,7,9,2,4,6,8 respectively; The state of GAL circuit output signal, corresponding with the HALL signal, also be to turn over a pair of very loop cycle with rotor to change, each circulation contains 18 kinds of "on" positions.In 18 road signals of each state of GAL circuit output, only have two the tunnel to be Continuity signal, and one the tunnel is last brachium pontis Continuity signal, another road is following brachium pontis Continuity signal, other 16 the tunnel all are Continuity signals not, the state of every change one HALL signal combination, the state of GAL circuit output control signal combination changes once thereupon, in fact have only corresponding HALL signal to become 1 or become 0 brachium pontis Continuity signal by 1 and need in turn that displacement changes from 0, the relation corresponding with the HALL signal condition is shown in table 1 and table 2 in the specification.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008202059781U CN201355795Y (en) | 2008-12-24 | 2008-12-24 | Electronic reversing DC motor with nine reversing units |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008202059781U CN201355795Y (en) | 2008-12-24 | 2008-12-24 | Electronic reversing DC motor with nine reversing units |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201355795Y true CN201355795Y (en) | 2009-12-02 |
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ID=41412135
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008202059781U Expired - Lifetime CN201355795Y (en) | 2008-12-24 | 2008-12-24 | Electronic reversing DC motor with nine reversing units |
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|---|---|
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102510200A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-06-20 | 珠海运控电机有限公司 | Direct-current rotating magnetic field device, direct-current synchronous motor and direct-current asynchronous motor |
| CN103066790A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-04-24 | 珠海运控电机有限公司 | Direct-current step motor |
| CN104753300A (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2015-07-01 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Permanent magnet BLDC (Brushless Direct Current Motor) of ring winding |
| CN105515459A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-04-20 | 周道齐 | DC motor commutation method and electronically commutated DC motor |
-
2008
- 2008-12-24 CN CNU2008202059781U patent/CN201355795Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102510200A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-06-20 | 珠海运控电机有限公司 | Direct-current rotating magnetic field device, direct-current synchronous motor and direct-current asynchronous motor |
| CN103066790A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-04-24 | 珠海运控电机有限公司 | Direct-current step motor |
| CN105515459A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-04-20 | 周道齐 | DC motor commutation method and electronically commutated DC motor |
| CN104753300A (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2015-07-01 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Permanent magnet BLDC (Brushless Direct Current Motor) of ring winding |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20091202 |
|
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |