Background technology
In convertor steelmaking process, open when stokehold cover and in converter, to add steel scrap and hot metal charging, and the stove back cover can produce a large amount of ash-laden gass when opening converter tapping water.Though hot metal charging and the time that goes out molten steel have only about 3min, and under the situation that the final dusting seal closure is opened, hot metal charging and the flue gas that produces when the going out molten steel factory building roof of directly climbing sharply.The dust settling that the sub-fraction flue gas carries causes the potential safety hazard of equipment operation and the environmental pollution in the workshop to miscellaneous equipments such as stokehold platform, driving, and affects greatly the worker is healthy.Another most of flue gas directly enters atmosphere by the ventilating shaft on roof, pollutes roof and surrounding enviroment.In today more and more higher, the smoke and dust treatment of ventilating shaft is seemed very necessary to environmental requirement.
Because environmental pollution is administered and is paid little attention to before China, up to the present most steel mills also only administer the flue gas and the secondary flue gas of converter steelmaking, have even secondary flue gas does not all have to administer, saying nothing of produce when infusion of financial resources is administered hot metal charging and gone out molten steel scurried into the flue gas in the ventilating shaft.Because the attention degree that reason on the one hand is China's environmental pollution administers is not enough; Yi Fangmian reason is need drop into a lot of financial resources, material resources, manpower to environmental improvement in addition, has directly increased the cost of enterprise; Also has reason on the one hand just in each stove molten steel smelting cycle, scurrying into the time that the flue gas in the ventilating shaft continues at hot metal charging with when going out molten steel is not very long, front and back respectively had only about 3 minutes, add up and also have only time about 6 minutes, each enterprise thinks that the very big one-tenth of flower is original and administers the flue gas that every stove steel produces in these 6 minutes and very calculate, the improvement of this part is paid little attention to.We can say at present domestic to smoke gas treatment in the ventilating shaft or blank out.
Even will administer the flue gas in the ventilating shaft, the method for generally expecting also is the pollution problem that a newly-built cover dust-removal system is used for administering the ventilating shaft flue gas, comprises newly-built civil engineering, dust hood, pipeline, fly-ash separator, blower fan, motor, defeated grey equipment etc.And a newly-built cover dust-removal system will expend huge cost, comprises the construction cost in early stage and daily working cost etc., has increased very big cost pressure to enterprise.In addition in each stove molten steel smelting cycle, hot metal charging and the time length that produces flue gas when going out molten steel had only about 6 minutes, and have the tap to tap time of one heat steel water about 40 minutes, hot metal charging also only accounts for 15% of the whole smelting cycle of one heat steel with the time sum that goes out molten steel, if allow dust-removal system continuous service in 40 minutes, can produce very big running cost.Even save running cost, can not allow dust-removal system move, and in At All Other Times, stop at hot metal charging with in about the 6 minutes times when going out molten steel.Because frequent like this startup and stop to cause very big influence, particularly high-voltage motor to the operation life of equipment.The method that reduces running cost also can only be equipment such as configuration fluid-flywheel clutch or frequency transformer in dust-removal system, makes the dust-removal system high-speed cruising at hot metal charging with in about the 6 minutes times when going out molten steel, and make the dust-removal system low cruise in other tap to tap time.We can say that it is not a kind of good method that a newly-built cover dust-removal system is used for the smoke pollution of special administration ventilating shaft.
How the ventilating shaft dedusting scheme of reduced investment, good dedusting effect is provided, and is an important topic in steel mill ventilating shaft dedusting field.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is at the prior art deficiency, and a kind of dust-removal system is provided, and can high-efficiency and low-cost ground realizes the dry method dust of ventilating shaft.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the utility model provides is: the dust-removal system that is used for ventilating shaft and converter secondary flue gas, comprise converter secondary flue gas dust-removal system, described converter secondary flue gas dust-removal system is provided with converter secondary flue gas dedusting enclosed hood, the stokehold dust hood, dust hood behind the stove, converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft, sack cleaner, blower motor and chimney, dust hood is arranged on the converter secondary flue gas dedusting enclosed hood behind stokehold dust hood and the stove, dust hood inserts sack cleaner through converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft behind stokehold dust hood and the stove, sack cleaner and blower motor, chimney connects successively, at the ventilating shaft air outlet vertical shaft dust hood and blinds valve are set, with the position seals of ventilating shaft air outlet except that vertical shaft dust hood and blinds valve; The ventilating shaft cleaning shaft is set, and ventilating shaft cleaning shaft one end connects the vertical shaft dust hood, and the other end inserts converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft.
And, between stokehold dust hood and the converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft stokehold butterfly valve is set, butterfly valve behind the stove is set between dust hood and the converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft behind the stove; The vertical shaft butterfly valve is set in the ventilating shaft cleaning shaft.
And, the automatic control equipment that butterfly valve behind control stokehold butterfly valve, the stove, vertical shaft butterfly valve and blinds valve open and close is set.
And described automatic control equipment adopts programmable logic controller.
And described converter secondary flue gas dedusting enclosed hood is provided with moving door behind the stokehold moving door that is subjected to stokehold control center control and the stove; Set up between described automatic control equipment and the stokehold control center and communicate by letter.
The utility model is ingenious to utilize original converter secondary flue gas dust-removal system, and the flue gas of ventilating shaft is introduced existing bag-type dust equipment in the secondary flue gas dust-removal system, has administered the flue gas in the ventilating shaft easily.The characteristics of scurrying into the flue gas discontinuity in the ventilating shaft that can also utilize converter to produce at hot metal charging with when going out molten steel, with the chain control of dust-removal system and stokehold control center, assurance does not influence original secondary flue gas dust removing effects.Multiple advantages such as the utlity model has less investment, efficiency of dust collection height, system is stable, maintenance workload is little, working cost is low.
Embodiment
Describe the technical scheme that the utility model provides in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Place converter 11 in the power house 6 of steel mill, power house 6 tops are ventilating shaft 5.Converter 11 tops are provided with flue gas dust collecting system 10 of coal gas of converter, and converter secondary flue gas dust-removal system is set around the converter 11.Flue gas dust collecting system 10 of coal gas of converter and converter secondary flue gas dust-removal system are all promoted the use of in steel mill.Wherein the concrete structure of converter secondary flue gas dust-removal system comprises: the converter secondary flue gas dedusting enclosed hood (hereinafter to be referred as enclosed hood) that covers converter 11; Dust hood 13 is arranged on the enclosed hood behind stokehold dust hood 9 and the stove because seal cavity is bigger, so can be after 2 stokehold dust hoods 9 and stove be provided respectively behind stokehold and the stove when specifically implementing dust hood 13 to increase the exhausting point; Dust hood 13 inserts sack cleaner 16 through converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft 15 behind stokehold dust hood 9 and the stove, in fact because spatial relation, dust hood 13 needs respectively to incorporate converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft 15 through one into after being in charge of behind stokehold dust hood 9 and the stove; Sack cleaner 16 and blower motor, chimney belong to existing bag-type dust equipment, connect successively to get final product.
The utility model improves on original converter secondary flue gas dust-removal system basis: the air outlet at ventilating shaft 5 is provided with vertical shaft dust hood 3 and blinds valve 4, with the position seals of ventilating shaft 5 air outlets except that vertical shaft dust hood 3 and blinds valve 4; Ventilating shaft cleaning shaft 1 is set, and ventilating shaft cleaning shaft 1 one ends connect vertical shaft dust hood 3, and the other end inserts converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft 15.Ventilating shaft cleaning shaft 1 inserts converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft 15, just flue gas in the vertical shaft dust hood 3 collected ventilating shafts 5 has been inserted sack cleaner 16.During concrete enforcement, can respectively establish a blinds valve 4 in vertical shaft dust hood 3 both sides, the part of ventilating shaft 5 air outlets except that vertical shaft dust hood 3 and blinds valve 4 is airtight with steel plate.Switch by blinds valve 4 can determine whether the flue gas of ventilating shaft 5 directly enters atmosphere, and the size of blinds valve 4 is selected to want suitably, if oversize, then is not suitable for installing at ventilating shaft 5 air outlets; If undersized, then influence gas normal convection in the ventilating shaft 5.
For the ease of the control dust removal process, the utility model provides further technical scheme: between stokehold dust hood 9 and the converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft 15 stokehold butterfly valve 7 is set, butterfly valve 12 behind the stove is set between dust hood 13 and the converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft 15 behind the stove; Vertical shaft butterfly valve 2 is set in the ventilating shaft cleaning shaft 1.During concrete enforcement, stokehold butterfly valve 7 can be arranged on being in charge of between stokehold dust hood 9 and the converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft 15, and butterfly valve 12 can be arranged on being in charge of between the dust hood 13 and converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft 15 behind the stove behind the stove.Butterfly valve number and exhausting point are corresponding, for example are provided with dust hood 13 behind 9,2 stoves of 2 stokehold dust hoods, and butterfly valve 12 behind 7,2 stoves of 2 stokehold butterfly valves then need be set.General ventilating shaft 5 air outlets only need be provided with a vertical shaft dust hood 3, and vertical shaft butterfly valve 2 is set directly in the ventilating shaft cleaning shaft 1, can whether extract ventilating shaft 5 interior flue gases by the open and close controlling of vertical shaft butterfly valve 2 to sack cleaner 16.
The switching of butterfly valve 12, vertical shaft butterfly valve 2 and blinds valve 4 can be adopted artificial or automatic control forms behind stokehold butterfly valve 7, the stove, and automatic control is the interior air-flow of regulation system accurately, helps guaranteeing dust removing effects.Therefore the utility model provides further technical scheme: the automatic control equipment that butterfly valve 12 behind control stokehold butterfly valve 7, the stove, vertical shaft butterfly valve 2 and blinds valve 4 open and close is set.During concrete enforcement, automatic control equipment can adopt programmable logic controller (Programmable Logic Controller, PLC) realize, it can be arranged on the remote control center beyond the factory building, and set up control signal behind stokehold butterfly valve 7, the stove between butterfly valve 12, vertical shaft butterfly valve 2 and the blinds valve 4 and be connected and get final product.Adopting automatic control equipment, directly operated by the data that collect, is a kind of very simple and effective scheme on the concrete industrial application of dust-removal system.PLC has functions such as switching value processing, analog quantity processing and motion control, has replaced since the traditional relay control device, is widely used at automation field.Under this automatic control situation, butterfly valve 12, vertical shaft butterfly valve 2 and blinds valve 4 all need to adopt electrical equipment to realize behind stokehold butterfly valve 7, the stove, wherein if butterfly valve 12 used electrical equipments then can be realized dust removal process more accurately by automatic control can Be Controlled aperture size behind stokehold butterfly valve 7, the stove.If butterfly valve is undesirable behind the used stokehold of original converter secondary flue gas dust-removal system butterfly valve, the stove, then need to change and transform, this replacing is also also uncomplicated.
In the existing converter secondary flue gas dust-removal system, convert molten steel for convenience and go out molten steel, general moving door 14 after being provided with stokehold moving door 8 and stove on the enclosed hood also, and adopt moving of moving door 14 behind stokehold control center control stokehold moving door 8 and the stove.Stokehold control center operated by rotary motion at power house 6 with interior watch-keeping cubicle, stokehold, adopt the computer realization of storage control program, computer is according to the converter working routine of setting, cooperate hot metal charging, converter works better, go out working stage such as molten steel, the switching of moving door 14 behind moving door 8 and the stove before sending control signal and realizing.Automatic control equipment that the utility model provides can and stokehold control center between establish a communications link, realize the interlock that stokehold control and dedusting are controlled, more perfect control scheme is provided.For the ease of implementing, the detailed implementation process that the utility model provides this embodiment for your guidance:
(1) in order to make vertical shaft dedusting exhausting amount suitable, before definite exhausting amount, the air quantity when test or calculating ventilating shaft 5 do not have dedusting natural convection.Because when vertical shaft exhausting amount is excessive, because this system's exhausting amount is certain, the exhausting amount behind this moment stokehold or the stove is just little, influences the dust removing effects behind stokehold or the stove.When vertical shaft exhausting amount is too small, the air quantity when promptly vertical shaft exhausting amount does not have the dedusting normal convection less than vertical shaft, this moment, ventilating shaft 5 interior flue gases can not in time be taken away, backflow phenomenon can occur, and flue gas can disperse in factory building.When measuring air quantity, the shaft section area district can be divided into some little zones (it is accurate more to get thin more test result), measure wind speed in each zonule with hot-bulb anemoscope or other surveying instrument then, the convection current air quantity when calculating vertical shaft and not having dedusting of averaging after testing.Be stressed that especially, when enclosed hood is opened hot metal charging or is gone out molten steel, air quantity when the convection current air quantity is not opened converter 11 normal smeltings than enclosed hood in the vertical shaft is big, so convection current air quantity in the vertical shaft that the air quantity of test must be an enclosed hood when opening hot metal charging or going out molten steel; If in enclosed hood is opened once time, do not finish surveying work, then to wait until when enclosed hood is opened next time and then measure again, finish up to measurement.At last, convection current air quantity in convection current air quantity and the vertical shaft when going out molten steel in the vertical shaft during hot metal charging relatively determines that maximum value among both is as convection current air quantity Q1 in the vertical shaft.When determining the air quantity of normal convection in the vertical shaft by calculation mode, also be when determining that enclosed hood is opened hot metal charging or gone out molten steel the maximum value of the convection current air quantity in the vertical shaft among both as convection current air quantity Q1 in the vertical shaft.Behind the air quantity when having determined normal convection in the vertical shaft, could determine vertical shaft dedusting exhausting amount Q2.According to experiment, general desirable Q2=K*Q1, K 〉=1.2.
(2) open converter 11 and dump forward when preparing the control signal of hot metal charging when automatic control equipment receives the stokehold moving door 8 that sends from stokehold control center, the program that PLC finishes according to inside is sent instruction closes two blinds valves 4, vertical shaft butterfly valve 2 standard-sized sheet vertical shafts begin exhausting, butterfly valve 12 cuts out behind two stoves, and two stokehold butterfly valve 7 apertures are adjusted to the size minimizing stokehold exhausting amount of setting.Because when converter 11 dumps forward hot metal charging, the flue gas that produces mainly concentrates on the enclosed hood forebody, and most of flue gas rises with hot gas flow and has entered ventilating shaft 5, stop exhausting behind the stove so close behind two stoves butterfly valve 12, turn two stokehold butterfly valve 7 apertures down minimizing stokehold exhausting amount, and guarantee ventilating shaft 5 dedusting exhausting amounts.This moment, secondary BOF dedusting system exhausting amount reduced, and wind speed can be very low in original converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft 15, and sedimentation phenomenon can appear in dust in pipe; Only continue about 3 minutes because this kind exhausting state is each, dust sedimentation in pipe is limited, when before the converter 11 normal smelting furnaces and behind the stove during normal exhausting, is deposited in and manages interior low amounts of dust and can be taken away by air-flow, can not stop up converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft 15.
(3) when receiving the hot metal charging that sends from the stokehold control center stokehold moving door 8 that finishes, automatic control equipment closes converter 11 when fascinating back the control signal of zero-bit (fire door vertically upward), the normal exhausting of aperture when the program that PLC finishes according to inside is sent aperture size adjustment that instruction makes butterfly valve 12 behind two stokehold butterfly valves 7 and two stoves to normal smelting is carried out the secondary flue gas dedusting, vertical shaft butterfly valve 2 cuts out stop the vertical shaft exhausting, make two blinds valve 4 standard-sized sheets simultaneously, allow ventilating shaft 5 natural convections discharge.Because the interior gas dustiness of vertical shaft is little during converter 11 normal smeltings, reach emission standard, can discharge naturally.
(4) moving door 14 is opened converter 11 when toppling over the control signal of preparing out molten steel backward after automatic control equipment receives the stove that sends from stokehold control center, the program that PLC finishes according to inside is sent instruction closes two blinds valves 4, vertical shaft butterfly valve 2 standard-sized sheets, beginning vertical shaft exhausting, two stokehold butterfly valves 7 cut out, and the size that butterfly valve 13 apertures are adjusted to setting behind two stoves reduces exhausting amount behind the stove.Because converter 11 retreats when pouring out molten steel, it is latter half of that the flue gas that produces mainly concentrates on enclosed hood, and most of flue gas rises with hot gas flow and has entered ventilating shaft 5, stop exhausting behind the stove so close two stokehold butterfly valves 7, butterfly valve 13 apertures behind two stoves are turned down reduce exhausting amount behind the stove, and guarantee ventilating shaft 5 dedusting exhausting amounts.This moment, secondary BOF dedusting system exhausting amount reduced, and wind speed can be very low in original converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft 15, and sedimentation phenomenon can appear in dust in pipe; Only continue about 3 minutes because this kind exhausting state is each, dust sedimentation in pipe is limited, when before the converter 11 normal smelting furnaces and behind the stove during normal exhausting, is deposited in and manages interior low amounts of dust and can be taken away by air-flow, can not stop up converter secondary flue gas cleaning shaft 15.