A kind of oil cylinder and concrete mixer of quick replacing concrete piston
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of concrete pumping structure, specifically, relates to the oil cylinder of the quick replacing concrete piston on a kind of concrete mixer.
Background technique
In mixed earth pump truck, the concrete piston belongs to easily worn part, needs often to change.And because when work, the concrete piston is to be arranged in to carry cylinder, when changing, the concrete piston can must be dismantled, is changed and keep in repair from carrying cylinder be retracted into the water tank.Therefore, the design of the cylinder structure of concrete mixer need be considered the easy-to-dismount problem of concrete piston.
The cylinder structure of existing typical concrete mixer as shown in Figure 1, this pump structure comprise in regular turn the conveying cylinder 1 that connects ', water tank 2 ', master cylinder 3 ' and cylinder cap 4 ', the described conveying cylinder 1 of concrete piston 5 ' be installed in ' in, master cylinder comprise cylinder body 31 ', be installed in the piston 32 of cylinder body 31 ' interior ', also comprise piston rod 33 ', piston rod 33 ' rear end and piston 32 ' be connected, front end by an intermediate connecting rod 6 ' with two half-watts 7 ' with concrete piston 5 ' be connected, master cylinder 3 ' the rear end and cylinder cap 4 ' on be provided with a stop valve 8 ' and selector valve 9 '.
The cylinder structure of this structure must carry out following operation when carrying out the maintenance of concrete piston or changing:
Open water tank 2 '---close stop valve 8 '---crawl operation, with master cylinder 3 ' piston rod 33 ' retreat into low order end position---dismantle two place's half-watts 7 ', take out intermediate connecting rod 6 '---operation master cylinder 3 ' piston rod 33 ' advance, make piston rod 33 ' with concrete piston 5 ' contact---assemble a half-watt 7 '---once more with master cylinder 3 ' piston rod 33 ' retreat into low order end position, concrete piston 5 ' from carrying cylinder 1 ' extractions---dismantle a half-watt 7 '---taking-up concrete piston 5 ' repair or replace.After maintenance or replacing finish, install by the opposite flow process of above-mentioned process again, it is very inconvenient to operate, needed time is long, if concrete piston fault takes place when the pump concrete of building site, so, long engineering time, to influence the quality of cast concrete, the concrete in the pump truck delivery pipe also solidifies plugging easily.
On the other hand; when the cylinder structure of this structure misoperation occurs in the control system fault; piston 32 ' can always retreat into the low order end position; impact cylinder cap 4 '; in other words, this kind cylinder structure only has hard protective function, after piston repeatedly impacts cylinder cap 4; the working life of this kind cylinder structure will be reduced, thereby its reliability is lower.
From as can be seen above-mentioned, the cylinder structure of the concrete mixer of prior art on the replacing, maintenance problem and the integrity problem that solve the concrete piston, exists defective and deficiency, is necessary to be improved.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is the deficiency at the cylinder structure of existing concrete pump truck, providing a kind of makes concrete piston maintain and replace easily, conveniently, saving of work and time can guarantee behind the maintain and replace that the concrete piston quick and precisely returns the oil cylinder of the quick replacing concrete piston of carrying cylinder and operational safety height, long service life automatically.
To achieve these goals, the oil cylinder of quick replacing concrete piston of the present utility model, comprise the conveying cylinder that connects in regular turn, water tank and master cylinder, also be included in first stop valve and first one-way valve that are provided with between described master cylinder and the extraneous oil sources, installing concrete piston in the described conveying cylinder, be equiped with the piston rod and the piston that link together in the described master cylinder, described concrete piston is connected with described piston rod, described master cylinder rear portion is provided with the oil circuit control gear, also be connected with the oil cylinder sub controlling unit at described relatively piston one end of the afterbody of described master cylinder, described oil cylinder sub controlling unit comprises again:
The valve body that has axial passage, its front end is connected with described master cylinder, is provided with first valve opening that communicates with extraneous oil sources on described valve body;
Spool cooperates with the inwall of described axial passage, and described spool has axial hole and radial hole, and described axial hole communicates with described master cylinder and described radial hole, and described radial hole is corresponding with described first valve opening;
Auxiliary cylinder is connected with the rear end of described valve body and communicates with described axial hole, and the rear end of described auxiliary cylinder is provided with the oil cylinder lid;
Guiding element is arranged on the described oil cylinder lid, and extends to described valve body direction along described auxiliary cylinder;
Spring, an end are set on the described guiding element, and the other end is fixedly arranged in the described axial hole;
The oil circuit control gear is included in second stop valve and second one-way valve that are provided with between described extraneous oil sources and the described auxiliary cylinder.
The oil cylinder of above-mentioned quick replacing concrete piston, wherein, described concrete piston links to each other with described piston rod by a half-watt.
The oil cylinder of above-mentioned quick replacing concrete piston, wherein, described valve body is a flange, and an end of described flange extends to form a boss that cooperates with the inboard wall of cylinder block of described master cylinder, and described boss has the inner chamber that communicates with described axial passage.
The oil cylinder of above-mentioned quick replacing concrete piston, wherein, described axial hole is a shoulder hole.
The oil cylinder of above-mentioned quick replacing concrete piston, wherein, described spring is by the shoulder location of described shoulder hole.
The oil cylinder of above-mentioned quick replacing concrete piston, wherein, the cylinder body of described master cylinder is provided with second valve opening that is communicated with described first stop valve, and described fuel tank lid is provided with the 3rd valve opening that is communicated with described auxiliary cylinder and described second stop valve or described second one-way valve.
The oil cylinder of above-mentioned quick replacing concrete piston, wherein, described first stop valve is connected with described first one-way valve and is arranged between described first valve opening and described second valve opening.
The oil cylinder of above-mentioned quick replacing concrete piston, wherein, described second stop valve and described second one-way valve are arranged in parallel between described second valve opening and described the 3rd valve opening.
The oil cylinder of above-mentioned quick replacing concrete piston, wherein, described guiding element is a conical guide member.
Further, in order better to realize above-mentioned purpose, the utility model also provides a kind of concrete mixer, described pumping oil cylinder comprises the conveying cylinder that connects in regular turn, water tank and master cylinder, also be included in first stop valve and first one-way valve that are provided with between described master cylinder and the extraneous oil sources, installing concrete piston in the described conveying cylinder, be equiped with the piston rod and the piston that link together in the described master cylinder, described concrete piston is connected with described piston rod, described master cylinder rear portion is provided with the oil circuit control gear, also be connected with the oil cylinder sub controlling unit at described relatively piston one end of the afterbody of described master cylinder, described oil cylinder sub controlling unit comprises again:
The valve body that has axial passage, its front end is connected with described master cylinder, is provided with first valve opening that communicates with extraneous oil sources on described valve body;
Spool cooperates with the inwall of described axial passage, and described spool has axial hole and radial hole, and described axial hole communicates with described master cylinder and described radial hole, and described radial hole is corresponding with described first valve opening;
Auxiliary cylinder is connected with the rear end of described valve body and communicates with described axial hole, and the rear end of described auxiliary cylinder is provided with the oil cylinder lid;
Guiding element is arranged on the described oil cylinder lid, and extends to described valve body direction along described auxiliary cylinder;
Spring, an end are set on the described guiding element, and the other end is fixedly arranged in the described axial hole;
The oil circuit control gear is included in second stop valve and second one-way valve that are provided with between described extraneous oil sources and the described auxiliary cylinder.
Beneficial functional of the present utility model is that concrete mixer adopts the oil cylinder of quick replacing concrete piston of the present utility model, has the following advantages:
(a) during normal pumpdown, piston and spool do not come in contact, and spool withstands by spring, is in the normal position all the time, and the cylinder body of the piston-rodless of master cylinder is communicated with oil sources, and the realization uninterrupted pumping is moved, and has higher operational safety.
When (b) misoperation occurring because of the control system fault; piston moves right continuing; spool is also withstood together by piston and moves right simultaneously; but when spool is shifted to the right to radial hole on it with position that first valve opening on the valve body does not communicate; piston no longer retreats; thereby have soft protective function, avoided the rigid impact of piston and oil cylinder lid, thereby can increase the working life and the operational safety of this oil cylinder.
When (c) repairing or replacing operation, can make the piston rod of master cylinder exceed the action of pumping working stroke, the concrete piston be extracted out overhauled by operation outside each stop valve and one-way valve.Need not carry out secondary mounting or dismounting operation, time saving and energy saving.
(d) after maintenance or change is finished, only need, thereby the concrete piston is got back to the conveying cylinder automatically, and spool can get back to normal operation position automatically under spring action, to carry out normal pumpdown with each stop valve and one-way valve reinstatement attitude.Need not carry out secondary mounting or dismounting operation, time saving and energy saving.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described in detail, but not as to qualification of the present utility model.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the pump structure figure of the concrete mixer of prior art, and the piston of concrete shown in the figure is arranged in carries cylinder;
Fig. 2 is the oil cylinder figure of quick replacing concrete piston of the present utility model, and the piston of concrete shown in the figure is arranged in carries cylinder, and is normal pumping position;
Fig. 3 is the section enlarged diagram at master cylinder rear portion of the oil cylinder of quick replacing concrete piston of the present utility model;
When Fig. 4 misoperation occurred for the normal pumping of the oil cylinder of quick replacing concrete piston of the present utility model, spool was closed oil circuit, prevented that the concrete piston from extracting schematic representation out;
Fig. 5 is the generalized section that the concrete piston mode was changed or keeped in repair to the oil cylinder of quick replacing concrete piston of the present utility model, and the piston of concrete shown in the figure retreats in the water tank;
Fig. 6 is the generalized section that the concrete piston mode was changed or keeped in repair to the oil cylinder of quick replacing concrete piston of the present utility model, pulls down half-watt shown in the figure;
Fig. 7 is the generalized section that the concrete piston mode was changed or keeped in repair to the oil cylinder of quick replacing concrete piston of the present utility model, pulls down half-watt and concrete piston shown in the figure.
Wherein, reference character
1 ' conveying cylinder
2 ' water tank
3 ' master cylinder
31 ' cylinder body
32 ' piston
33 ' piston rod
4 ' cylinder cap
5 ' concrete piston
6 ' intermediate connecting rod
7 ' half-watt
8 ' stop valve
9 ' selector valve
100 change the oil cylinder of concrete piston fast
1 carries cylinder
2 water tanks
3 master cylinders
31 cylinder bodies
311 rod chambers
312 rodless cavities
32 pistons
33 piston rods
4 auxiliary cylinders
5 concrete pistons
6 half-watts
7 valve bodies
71 axial passages
72 boss
721 inner chambers
80 oil circuit control gear
81 first stop valves
82 second stop valves
83 first one-way valves
84 second one-way valves
10 spools
101 axial holes
1011 shoulders
102 radial holes
11 springs
12 guiding elements
121 fuel tank lids
The A oil sources
B second valve opening
C first valve opening
D the 3rd valve opening
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the oil cylinder of the quick replacing concrete piston of the utility model concrete mixer is done concrete description:
Concrete mixer of the present utility model comprises pump truck body (not shown) and pumping oil cylinder, the oil cylinder 100 of the preferred quick replacing concrete piston as shown in Figure 2 of pumping oil cylinder herein.
Consult the generalized section at master cylinder rear portion of the oil cylinder of the structural drawing of oil cylinder of Fig. 2 quick replacing concrete piston of the present utility model and Fig. 3 quick replacing concrete piston of the present utility model, as shown in the figure, the oil cylinder of quick replacing concrete piston of the present utility model, comprise the conveying cylinder 1, water tank 2 and the master cylinder 3 that connect in regular turn, concrete piston 5 is installed in to be carried in the cylinder 1, water tank 2 connects the rear end that is installed in conveying cylinder 1, and master cylinder 3 connects the rear end that is installed in water tank 2.
Master cylinder 3 comprises cylinder body 31, is installed in the piston 32 in the cylinder body 31, and its rear end connects the front end be installed in piston 32 and its front end connects the piston rod 33 of the rear end that is installed in concrete piston 5, wherein concrete piston 5 links to each other with the front end of piston rod 33 by a half-watt 6, piston 32 is divided into rod chamber 311 and rodless cavity 312 with the cylinder body 31 of master cylinder 3, it is rod chamber that piston rod 33 parts are wherein arranged in the cylinder body 31, not having piston rod 33 parts in the cylinder body 31 is rodless cavity, and the cavity size of rod chamber and rodless cavity changes with the motion of piston.
Relative piston 32 1 ends of tail end at master cylinder 3 also are connected with the oil cylinder sub controlling unit, and this oil cylinder sub controlling unit comprises valve body 7, spool 10, auxiliary cylinder 4, guiding awl 12, spring 11 and oil circuit control gear 80.
The front end of valve body 7 is connected with master cylinder 3.The first valve opening C that valve body 7 has axial passage 71 and communicates with oil sources, valve body 7 preferred flanges herein, and extend a boss 72 that cooperates with the inwall of the cylinder body 31 of master cylinder 3 forward at the front end of flange, boss 72 has the inner chamber 721 that communicates with described axial passage 71.
Spool 10 cooperates with the inwall of the axial passage 71 of valve body 7, and spool 10 has axial hole 101 and radial hole 102, and axial hole 101 communicates with master cylinder 3 and radial hole 102, and radial hole 102 is corresponding with the first valve opening C.
Auxiliary cylinder 4 is connected with the rear end of valve body 7 and communicates with the axial hole 101 of spool 10, also connects in the rear end of auxiliary cylinder 4 oil cylinder lid 121 is set; Guiding element 12 is arranged on the oil cylinder lid 121, and extends to valve body 7 directions along auxiliary cylinder 4, and spring 11 1 ends are arranged on the guiding element 12, and the other end is fixedly arranged in the axial hole 101, herein guiding element 12 preferred conical guide member.
Oil circuit control gear 80 is included in first stop valve 81 and first one-way valve 83 that are provided with between master cylinder 3 and the oil sources A, and second stop valve 82 and second one-way valve 84 that are provided with between oil sources A and auxiliary cylinder 4.
The axial hole 101 of spool 10 is a shoulder hole, and spring 11 is arranged in the shoulder hole 101 by guiding awl 12 guiding back parts, and is located by the shoulder 1011 of shoulder hole 101.
The cylinder body 31 of master cylinder 3 is provided with the second valve opening B; Fuel tank lid 121 is provided with the 3rd valve opening D, the 3rd valve opening D is not limited on fuel tank lid 121, as long as the 3rd valve opening D communicates with auxiliary cylinder 4, wherein first stop valve 81 is connected with first one-way valve 83 and is arranged between the second valve opening B and the first valve opening C, and second stop valve 82 and second one-way valve 84 are arranged in parallel between the first valve opening C and the 3rd valve opening D.Wherein, first one-way valve 82 is communicated with when normal pumping, to guarantee that hydraulic oil flows to pump structure and can not be back to oil sources A from oil sources A, second stop valve 82 and second one-way valve 84 are mainly used in when spool 10 retreats and oppositely are communicated with, so that hydraulic oil flows to oil sources A from auxiliary cylinder 4.
The oil cylinder working principle of the quick replacing concrete piston of concrete mixer of the present utility model is:
(1) during normal pumping, first stop valve 81 is opened, second stop valve 82 is closed, piston 32 does not come in contact with spool 10, spool 10 withstands by spring 11, all the time be in normal operation position, the rodless cavity 312 of master cylinder 3 is linked up with extraneous by axial hole 101, the first valve opening C of spool 10, realizes the uninterrupted pumping action.
When (2) misoperation occurring because of the control system fault, piston 32 moves to right continuing, and spool 10 is withstood by piston 32 and moves right, close until the first valve opening C, and system's overflow that builds the pressure, piston 32 no longer retreats, thereby realizes position limitation protection function (see figure 4).
(3) need repairing or when changing concrete piston 5, open water tank 2, close first stop valve 81 then,, open second stop valve 82 to rod chamber 311 fuel feeding of master cylinder 3, piston 32 heads on spool 10 and retreats, after the first valve opening C closed, fluid was outwards fuel-displaced by second stop valve of opening 82, heads on spool 10 until piston 32 and falls back on the low order end position, and, dismantle half-watt 6 and concrete piston 5 (seeing Fig. 5 to Fig. 7) then with 5 extractions of concrete piston.
(4) after maintenance is finished, assembling concrete piston 5 can be closed second stop valve 82 earlier, opens first stop valve 81 (or operation after a while also can), then to rodless cavity 312 fuel feeding, fluid enters in the auxiliary cylinder 4, through the axial hole 101 of spool 10, affacts on the piston 32, piston rod 33 moves to left and promotes concrete piston 5 and enters in the conveying cylinder 1, spool 10 is followed piston 32 and is moved on to normal operation position under the effect of spring 11, reaches normal pumping state.There is any to need explanation herein, the active force of spring 11 is greater than the frictional force of spool 10 with valve body 7, but the frictional force of the cylinder body 31 of piston 32 and master cylinder 3 during less than piston rod 33 motions, in the time of can guaranteeing to keep in repair concrete piston 5 like this, piston 32 can not promoted to change the position by spring 11, and guiding awl 12 is used to guarantee that spring 11 can pass through the endoporus of spool 11 swimmingly.
In summary it can be seen that the cylinder structure of concrete mixer of the present utility model is simple to operate, labor intensity is little, saves time, and during field maintenance, does not influence the concrete placement quality, and the concrete in the delivery pipe can not solidify plugging.And during normal pumping, piston and spool do not come in contact, and just when fault or during maintenance concrete piston, spool just moves once, fatigue and wearing and tearing can not occur, thereby has higher reliability.
Certainly; the utility model also can have other various embodiments; under the situation that does not deviate from the utility model spirit and essence thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art work as can make various corresponding changes and distortion according to the utility model, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of the appended claim of the utility model.