CN201247274Y - Potential difference meter employing slide wire disk - Google Patents

Potential difference meter employing slide wire disk Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201247274Y
CN201247274Y CNU2008201636917U CN200820163691U CN201247274Y CN 201247274 Y CN201247274 Y CN 201247274Y CN U2008201636917 U CNU2008201636917 U CN U2008201636917U CN 200820163691 U CN200820163691 U CN 200820163691U CN 201247274 Y CN201247274 Y CN 201247274Y
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China
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resistance
measuring disk
replacement
slide wire
brush
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CNU2008201636917U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
洪卓儿
方宁妹
程军
骆晓英
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程军
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Abstract

A potentiometer with a slide-wire plate for the direct current measurement is provided, which comprises three stepping plates and a double slide-wire plate, wherein each of the plates is formed by a measuring plate and a substitution plate with the same resistance value, and working current is divided into two branches with 10:1 between two metallic brushes of a first stepping plate, two branches with same electric current is divided in the branches of two plates which are in parallel, and metallic brushes of other measuring plates and the metallic brushes of the substitution plates are connected through resistance or wires, except for the first stepping plate, and each stepping plate or the double slide-wire plate is not provided with auxiliary plates, thereby reducing the volume of an instrument, and reducing the production cost of the instrument. And four measuring plates are connected through wires, which eliminates the influences of variate difference and thermoelectric force.

Description

Adopt the potential difference meter of slide wire disc
Technical field
The utility model relates to the instrument that DC voltage is measured.
Background technology
Application number 2005100623569,2005100622674,2005100622903 etc. discloses three step discs, the potential difference meter of two slide wire discs, each is made up of its second, third step disc measuring disk, replacement dish and bracket panel, measuring disk is identical with resistance on the replacement dish, resistance of the every increase of measuring disk, the replacement dish just reduces same resistance, when second step disc puts at the 0th, second step disc equates with the 3rd step disc part resistance in parallel, when the 3rd step disc was put different indicating value, the circuit resistance was constant.When second step disc is declined when " 0 ", the 3rd step disc is put different indicating values, the circuit resistance is not having III " resistance changes during bracket panel; stepping of the every increase of the 3rd step disc, circuit resistance can increase half resistance of each stepping resistance, for the total resistance of holding circuit constant; at III " each stepping of bracket panel reduces same resistance, at this moment resistance minimum when second step disc puts at the 0th allows III " bracket panel resistance all seals in circuit, makes the circuit resistance constant.Because first step disc and two slide wire disc are formed by resistance identical measuring disk and replacement dish, so what indicating value no matter four dishes put, circuit always hinders constant.Second step disc is except that having measuring disk, replacement dish for this reason, having increased bracket panel distinguishes step disc and puts the 0th and the circuit of declining the 0 0th. two kind of situation and connect, the 3rd step disc has also increased bracket panel, has 10 resistance to insert or cut out several resistance respectively above and makes the total resistance of circuit constant.Four measurement disks is connected two and measures between terminal, and the brush on the step disc switch is got rid of outside the measurement loop, does not exist switch to switch between the resistance on the four measurement disks, does not also just produce variation; The thermoelectrical potential that has also solved switch with contact variable thermoelectric potential influence.
Because second, third step disc all has bracket panel, increased the number of plies of second, third step disc switch, thereby increased the volume of instrument, also make switch and apparatus structure become complicated, if find in the instrument verification process that particularly second, third step disc measurement data is overproof, the internal layer resistance that revise second, third step disc switch bothers very much.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is a kind of potential difference meter that adopts slide wire disc of design, does not switch by switch in the connection of four measurement disks, and three step discs, two slide wire discs are all cancelled bracket panel, and the volume that this can reduce instrument reduces production costs.
Potential difference meter the technical solution of the utility model to single range is taked like this: electric current is set up resistance R N and range of adjustment adjustable resistance RP at 0～2 Ω through the resistor network on three step discs, the two slide wire disc to 1018 Ω from the positive pole of potential difference meter 1.5V working power 3, again to 158 Ω fixed resistance R 0, through the adjustable resistance R of 0～15 Ω P2And the adjustable resistance R of 20 * 12 Ω P1The negative pole of getting back to working power is formed the work loop of potential difference meter; , arrive and set up resistance R N and lockable adjustable resistance R through being connected to galvanometer G double-point double-throw switch K between two normally closed contacts from standard cell EN positive pole P3, arrive the standard loop that the standard cell negative pole is formed potential difference meter again; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction X" two terminals, from anodal terminal through behind the resistor network of four measurement disks, again through the double-point double-throw switch K that is connected to galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts equalizing network to negative pole terminal composition potential difference meter; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on second step disc 1Connect, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 0.22 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on the 3rd step disc, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～1.1 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 1.1 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.11 Ω, " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; Brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; The I ' replacement dish brush connects potential difference meter working power positive pole, the I ' replacement is coiled the 20th connection the II ' replacement and is coiled the 10th point, the II ' replacement is coiled the 0th connection the III ' replacement and is coiled the 10th point, the 0th of III measuring disk connects II measuring disk the 10th point, and II measuring disk the 0th o'clock is through one 9.11 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through one 2231 Ω resistance R 3The back is connected with the 0th of the IV ' replacement dish slip, and the 10th of IV measuring disk slip is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; I measuring disk brush connects sets up resistance R N hot end; Connect measured " U X" two terminals, anodal terminal connects III measuring disk the 10th point, and the negative pole terminal is connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip after through the double-point double-throw switch K that is connected to galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts.
Potential difference meter the technical solution of the utility model to single range also can be taked like this: electric current is set up resistance R N and range of adjustment adjustable resistance RP at 0～2 Ω through the resistor network on three step discs, the two slide wire disc to 1018 Ω from the positive pole of potential difference meter 1.5V working power 3, again to 167 Ω fixed resistance R 0, through the adjustable resistance R of 0～15 Ω P2And the adjustable resistance R of 20 * 12 Ω P1The negative pole of getting back to working power is formed the work loop of potential difference meter; , arrive and set up resistance R N and lockable adjustable resistance R through being connected to galvanometer G double-point double-throw switch K between two normally closed contacts from standard cell EN positive pole P3, arrive the standard loop that the standard cell negative pole is formed potential difference meter again; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction X" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal, form the equalizing network of potential difference meter again to the negative pole terminal through the double-point double-throw switch K that is connected to galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 1.1 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on second step disc, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on the 3rd step disc 1Connect, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～2.2 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 2.2 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.22 Ω, " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; Brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; The I ' replacement dish brush connects potential difference meter working power positive pole, and the I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and connected the II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and II measuring disk the 0th o'clock is through one 22.31 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through one 2099 Ω resistance R 3The back is coiled at the 0th with the III ' replacement and is connected, and the III ' replacement is coiled at the 10th and connected the IV ' replacement dish slip the 0th point, the 10th connection of IV measuring disk slip III measuring disk the 0th point, and the 10th of III measuring disk is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; I measuring disk brush connects sets up resistance R N hot end; Connect measured " U X" two terminals, anodal terminal connects II measuring disk the 10th point, and the negative pole terminal is connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip after through the double-point double-throw switch K that is connected to galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts.
The potential difference meter the technical solution of the utility model that two ranges are arranged is taked like this: from the positive pole of 1.5V working power through by resistance, range transfer resistance and dpdt double-pole double-throw (DPDT) range selector K on three step discs, the two slide wire disc 1K 1-1Layer, K 1-2The resistance measurement network that layer is formed is to the setting resistance R of 1018 Ω NAnd the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～2 Ω P3, again through 110 Ω fixed resistance R 0, 0～13 Ω adjustable resistance R P2And 20 * 12 Ω adjustable resistance R P1Get back to the negative pole of working power and form potential difference meter work loop; Standard cell E NAnodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2To setting up resistance R NAnd lockable adjustable resistance R P3Sliding contact get back to standard cell E NNegative pole is formed the potential difference meter standard loop; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction X" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip, again through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2Form the potential difference meter equalizing network to the negative pole terminal; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on second step disc 1Connect, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 0.22 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on the 3rd step disc, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～1.1 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 1.1 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, and the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating values, every big lattice have 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.11 Ω, and the brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; The I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and is connected the II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and the II ' replacement is coiled at the 0th and connected the III ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and the 0th of III measuring disk connects II measuring disk the 10th point, and II measuring disk the 0th o'clock is through one 9.11 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through one 2231 Ω resistance R 3The back is connected with the 0th of the IV ' replacement dish slip, and the 10th of IV measuring disk slip is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; The I ' replacement dish brush is through 48.9 Ω resistance R 4Back and 30 Ω resistance r 1Be connected in parallel on potential difference meter working power positive pole, resistance r 1The other end connect range selector K 1K 1-1Layer * 0.1 range contact, range selector K 1K 1-2Layer * 0.1 range contact and I measuring disk brush all with range selector K 1K 1-1Layer * 1 range contact connects 243 Ω resistance r 2One end connects range selector K 1-2Layer * 0.1 range contact, the other end connects range selector K 1-2Layer * 1 range contact, K 1-2Layer * 1 range contact is connected on the setting resistance R again NHot end, range selector K 1K 1-1Layer and K 1-2Two normally closed contact short circuits of layer, " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure X" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of III measuring disk, and the negative pole terminal is by galvanometric change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
Also can take like this potential difference meter the technical solution of the utility model that two ranges are arranged: from the positive pole of 1.5V working power through by resistance, range transfer resistance and range selector K on three step discs, the two slide wire disc 1The resistance measurement network of forming is to the setting resistance R of 926 Ω NAnd the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～2 Ω P3, again through 80 Ω fixed resistance R 0, 0～11 Ω adjustable resistance R P2And 21 * 10 Ω adjustable resistance R P1Get back to the negative pole of working power and form potential difference meter work loop; Standard cell E NAnodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2To setting up resistance R NAnd lockable adjustable resistance R P3Sliding contact get back to standard cell E NNegative pole is formed the potential difference meter standard loop; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction X" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip, again through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2Form the potential difference meter equalizing network to the negative pole terminal; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 1.1 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on second step disc, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on the 3rd step disc 1Connect, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～2.2 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 2.2 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.22 Ω, " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; Brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; The I ' replacement dish brush is by 87.9 Ω resistance R 4Back and 300 Ω resistance r 1An end be connected in parallel on the potential difference meter positive source, the I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and is connected II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, the 0th of II measuring disk connects 22.31 Ω resistance R 1An end, resistance R 1The other end connect I measuring disk the 0th point, the 20th of I measuring disk connects III measuring disk the 10th point, the 0th of III measuring disk connects IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, the 0th of IV ' replacement dish slip connects III ' replacement and coils the 10th point, and III ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through 2099 Ω resistance R 3Connect I ' replacement and coil the 0th point, I measuring disk brush and 2700 Ω resistance r 2An end be connected in parallel on single-pole double-throw (SPDT) range selector K 1* 1 range contact, resistance r 2The other end and resistance r 1The other end be connected in parallel on single-pole double-throw (SPDT) range selector K 1* 0.1 range contact, range selector K 1Normally closed contact and the setting resistance R of 926 Ω NHot end connects; " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure X" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of II measuring disk, the negative pole terminal is by galvanometer change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
Can also take like this potential difference meter the technical solution of the utility model that two ranges are arranged: electric current from the positive pole of potential difference meter 1.5V working power through the resistor network on three step discs and the two slide wire disc to setting up resistance R N, arrive adjustable resistance and fixed resistance R again 0After get back to working power negative pole form potential difference meter work loop; From standard cell EN positive pole through being connected to galvanometer G double-point double-throw switch K between two normally closed contacts 2,, arrive the standard cell negative pole again and form the potential difference meter standard loop to setting up resistance R N and lockable adjustable resistance; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction X" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip, again through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2Form the potential difference meter equalizing network to the negative pole terminal; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 1.1 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on second step disc, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on the 3rd step disc 1Connect, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～2.2 Ω, and promptly top is 0 Ω, and end is 2.2 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, and the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.22 Ω, and the brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; The I ' replacement dish brush connects potential difference meter working power positive pole, and the I ' replacement is coiled the 20th connection the II ' replacement and coiled the 10th point, and the 0th of II measuring disk connects one 22.31 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through 2099 Ω resistance R 3The back connects the III ' replacement and coils the 0th point, and the III ' replacement is coiled at the 10th and connected the IV ' replacement dish slip the 0th point, and the 10th of IV measuring disk slip is connected with the 0th of III measuring disk, and the 10th of III measuring disk is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; I measuring disk brush connects dpdt double-pole double-throw (DPDT) range selector K 1K 1-2The normally closed contact of layer, K 1-2Layer * 10 range contacts connect the setting resistance R of 1018 Ω N1, again through the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～2 Ω P3, with standard cell E NNegative pole connects, K 1-2Layer * 1 range contact connects the setting resistance R of 10180 Ω N2, again through the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～20 Ω P5, with standard cell E NNegative pole connects, standard cell E NNegative pole connects dpdt double-pole double-throw (DPDT) range selector K 1K 1-1The normally closed contact of layer, K 1-1Layer * 10 range contacts connect 20 * 12 Ω adjustable resistance R P1With 20 * 125 Ω adjustable resistance R P4Tie point, adjustable resistance R P1The other end through 0～13 Ω adjustable resistance R P2, 168 Ω fixed value resistance R 0Be connected adjustable resistance R with the working power negative pole P4The other end through 3432 Ω fixed value resistance R aWith K 1-1Layer * connection of 1 range contact; " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure X" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of II measuring disk, the negative pole terminal is by galvanometer change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
To potential difference meter the technical solution of the utility model that three ranges are arranged is to take like this: from the positive pole of 1.5V working power through throwing range selector K by three step discs and resistance, range transfer resistance and three cuttves three on one pair of slide wire discs 1K 1-1Layer, K 1-2Layer, K 1-3The resistance measurement network that layer is formed is to the setting resistance R of 1018 Ω NAnd the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～2 Ω P3, again through 110 Ω fixed resistance R 0, 0～13 Ω adjustable resistance R P2And 20 * 12 Ω adjustable resistance R P1The negative pole of getting back to working power is formed the work loop of potential difference meter; Standard cell E NAnodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2To setting up resistance R NAnd lockable adjustable resistance R P3Sliding contact get back to standard cell E NNegative pole is formed the standard loop of potential difference meter; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction X" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip, again through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2The equalizing network of forming potential difference meter to the negative pole terminal; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on second step disc 1Connect, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 0.22 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on the 3rd step disc, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～1.1 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 1.1 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, and the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.11 Ω, and the brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; The I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and is connected the II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and the II ' replacement is coiled at the 0th and connected the III ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and the 0th of III measuring disk connects II measuring disk the 10th point, and II measuring disk the 0th o'clock is through one 9.11 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through one 2231 Ω resistance R 3The back is connected with the 0th of the IV ' replacement dish slip, and the 10th of IV measuring disk slip is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; The I ' replacement dish brush is through 48.9 Ω resistance R 4Back and 30 Ω resistance r 1Be connected in parallel on potential difference meter working power positive pole, resistance r 1The other end connect range selector K 1K 1-1Layer * 1 range contact, K 1-2Layer * 1 range contact and K 1-1Layer * 10 range contacts connect K 1-3Layer * 243 Ω resistance r are passed through in 1 range contact 2With K 1-3Layer * connection of 10 range contacts, be connected on the setting resistance R after the connection again NHot end, three cuttves, three throw switch K 1-1Layer * 10 range contacts connect I measuring disk brush; 3 Ω resistance r 3Connect potential difference meter working power positive pole, resistance r 3The other end connect K 1-1Layer * 0.1 range contact, K 1-2Layer * 27 Ω resistance r are passed through in 0.1 range contact 4With K 1-1Layer * 10 range contacts connect K 1-3Layer * 0.1 range contact and K 1-3Layer * 24.03 Ω resistance r are passed through in 1 range contact 5Connect, three cuttves three are thrown range selector K 1K 1-1Layer, K 1-2Layer, K 1-3Three normally closed contact short circuits of layer; " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure X" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of III measuring disk, and the negative pole terminal is by galvanometer change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
Also can take like this potential difference meter the technical solution of the utility model that three ranges are arranged: from the positive pole of 1.5V working power through by resistance, range transfer resistance and range selector K on three step discs and one pair of slide wire discs 1The resistance measurement network of forming is to the setting resistance R of 926 Ω NAnd the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～2 Ω P3, again through 80 Ω fixed resistance R 0, 0～11 Ω adjustable resistance R P2And 21 * 10 Ω adjustable resistance R P1Get back to the negative pole of working power and form potential difference meter work loop; Standard cell E NAnodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2To setting up resistance R NAnd lockable adjustable resistance R P3Sliding contact get back to standard cell E NNegative pole is formed the potential difference meter standard loop; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction X" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip, again through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2Form the potential difference meter equalizing network to the negative pole terminal; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 1.1 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on second step disc, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on the 3rd step disc 1Connect, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～2.2 Ω, and promptly top is 0 Ω, and end is 2.2 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, and the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating values, every big lattice have 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.22 Ω, and the brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; The I ' replacement dish brush is by 87.9 Ω resistance R4 backs and 30 Ω resistance r 1An end be connected in parallel on the potential difference meter positive source, the I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and is connected the II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, the 0th of II measuring disk connects one 22.31 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through 2099 Ω resistance R 3The back connects the III ' replacement and coils the 0th point, and the III ' replacement is coiled at the 10th and connected the IV ' replacement dish slip the 0th point, and the 10th of IV measuring disk slip is connected with the 0th of III measuring disk, and the 10th of III measuring disk is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; I measuring disk brush and 2700 Ω resistance r 3An end be connected in parallel on single-pole triple-throw (SPTT) range selector K 1* 10 range contacts, resistance r 3The other end and 270 Ω resistance r 2An end be connected in parallel on single-pole triple-throw (SPTT) range selector K 1* 1 range contact, resistance r 2Other end resistance r 1The other end connect after, through 243 Ω resistance r 4With single-pole triple-throw (SPTT) range selector K 1* 0.1 range contact connects range selector K 1Normally closed contact and the setting resistance R of 926 Ω NHot end connects; " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure X" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of II measuring disk, the negative pole terminal is by galvanometer change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
Technical scheme to potential difference meter wood utility model that three ranges are arranged can also be taked like this: from the positive pole of 1.5V working power through by resistance, range selector K on three step discs and one pair of slide wire discs 1On the resistor network formed of resistance to 168 Ω fixed resistance R 0, connect 0～12500 Ω adjustable resistance R again P1An end, adjustable resistance R P1Sliding contact connect 0～510 Ω adjustable resistance R P2An end, adjustable resistance R P2Sliding contact connect 0～22 Ω adjustable resistance R P3An end, adjustable resistance R P3Sliding contact and adjustable resistance R P3, adjustable resistance R P2, adjustable resistance R P1The other end be connected in parallel on the working power negative pole, form potential difference meter work loop; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 1.1 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on second step disc, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on the 3rd step disc 1Connect, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～2.2 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 2.2 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.22 Ω, " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; Brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; The I ' replacement dish brush connects potential difference meter working power positive pole, and the I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and connected the II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and II measuring disk the 0th o'clock is through one 22.31 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through one 2099 Ω resistance R 3The back is coiled at the 0th with the III ' replacement and is connected, and the III ' replacement is coiled at the 10th and connected the IV ' replacement dish slip the 0th point, the 10th connection of IV measuring disk slip III measuring disk the 0th point, and the 10th of III measuring disk is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; The I ' replacement dish brush is connected potential difference meter working power positive pole, and I measuring disk brush connects DPTT double-pole triple throw range selector K 1K 1-2The normally closed contact of layer, K 1-2Layer * 0.2 range contact and * 1 range contact between by 40700 Ω setting resistance R N3And 0～110 Ω adjustable resistance R P4Connect K 1-2Layer * 1 range contact and * 10 range contacts between by 9160 Ω setting resistance R N2And 0～20 Ω adjustable resistance R P5Connect K 1-2Layer * 10 range contacts and DPTT double-pole triple throw range selector K 1K 1-1Set up resistance R by 1018 Ω between the normally closed contact of layer N1And 0～2 Ω adjustable resistance R P6Connect K 1-1The normally closed contact of layer connects standard cell EN negative pole, K 1-1Layer * 168 Ω fixed resistance R are passed through in 10 range contacts 0To the working power negative pole, K 1-1Layer * 10 range contact and K 1-1Layer * 1 range contact between by 3440 Ω fixed resistance R aConnect K 1-1Layer * 1 range contact and K 1-1Layer * 0.2 range contact between by 15300 Ω fixed resistance R bConnect standard cell E NAnodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2With K 1-2The normally closed contact of layer connects, " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure X" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of III measuring disk, the negative pole terminal is by galvanometer change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
The potential difference meter the technical solution of the utility model that four ranges are arranged is taked like this: from the positive pole of 4.5V working power through throwing range selector K by three step discs and resistance, range transfer resistance and three cuttves four on one pair of slide wire discs 1K 1-1Layer, K 1-2Layer, K 1-3The resistance measurement network that layer is formed is to the setting resistance R of 1018 Ω NAnd the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～2 Ω P3, again through 480 Ω fixed resistance R 0, 0～40 Ω adjustable resistance R P2And 20 * 37 Ω adjustable resistance R P1Get back to the negative pole of working power and form potential difference meter work loop; Standard cell E NAnodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2To setting up resistance R NAnd lockable adjustable resistance R P3Sliding contact get back to standard cell E NNegative pole is formed the potential difference meter standard loop; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction X" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip, again through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2Form the potential difference meter equalizing network to the negative pole terminal; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 100 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 22 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 242 Ω resistance R on second step disc 1Connect, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on the 3rd step disc, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～11 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 11 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, and the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 1.1 Ω, and the brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; The I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and is connected the II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and the II ' replacement is coiled at the 0th and connected the III ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and the 0th of III measuring disk connects II measuring disk the 10th point, and II measuring disk the 0th o'clock is through one 91.1 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through one 22310 Ω resistance R 3The back is connected with the 0th of the IV ' replacement dish slip, and the 10th of IV measuring disk slip is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; The I ' replacement dish brush is by 489 Ω resistance R 4Back and 300 Ω resistance r 1An end and 30 Ω resistance r 3An end be connected in parallel on potential difference meter working power positive pole, resistance r 1The other end connect three cuttves four and throw range selector K 1K 1-1Layer * 1 range contact, resistance r 3The other end connect three cuttves four and throw range selector K 1K 1-1Layer * 0.1 and * 0.01 range contact, I measuring disk brush connects three cuttves four and throws range selector K 1K 1-1Layer * connect K behind the 10 range contacts 1-2Layer * 1 range contact, three cuttves four are thrown range selector K 1K 1-2Layer * pass through 270 Ω resistance r between 1 range contact and * 0.1 range contact 4Connect, three cuttves four are thrown range selector K 1K 1-2Layer * pass through 27000 Ω resistance r between 0.01 range contact and * 0.1 range contact 5Connect, three cuttves four are thrown range selector K 1K 1-3Layer * pass through 0.27 Ω resistance r between 0.01 range contact and * 0.1 range contact 6Connect, three cuttves four are thrown range selector K 1K 1-3Layer * 240.03 Ω resistance r are passed through in 0.01 range contact 7Connect K 1-3The layer * 1 range contact between, three cuttves four are thrown range selector K 1K 1-3Layer * 1 range contact and K 1-3Layer * 10 range contacts between by 2430 Ω resistance r 2Connect K 1-3Layer * the setting resistance R of 10 range contacts and 1018 Ω NHot end connect, three cuttves four are thrown range selector K 1K 1-1Layer, K 1-2Layer, K 1-3Three normally closed contact short circuits of layer; " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure X" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of III measuring disk, the negative pole terminal is by galvanometer change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
Also can take like this potential difference meter the technical solution of the utility model that four ranges are arranged: from the positive pole of 4.5V working power through by resistance, range transfer resistance and range selector K on three step discs and one pair of slide wire discs 1The resistance measurement network of forming is to the setting resistance R of 926 Ω NAnd the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～2 Ω P3, again through 163 Ω fixed resistance R 0, 0～36 Ω adjustable resistance R P2And 19 * 34 Ω adjustable resistance R P1Get back to the negative pole of working power and form potential difference meter work loop; Standard cell E NAnodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2To setting up resistance R NAnd lockable adjustable resistance R P3Sliding contact get back to standard cell E NNegative pole is formed the potential difference meter standard loop; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction X" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip, again through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2Form the potential difference meter equalizing network to the negative pole terminal: it is characterized in that first step disc is by all being that 20 * 100 Ω I measuring disk and I ' replacement dish are formed, second step disc is by all being that 10 * 11 Ω II measuring disk and II ' replacement dish are formed, be connected by lead between the brush of the brush of the measuring disk of second step disc and replacement dish, it all is III measuring disk and III ' the replacement dish composition of 10 * 22 Ω that the 3rd step disc has, and the brush of the brush of the measuring disk of the 3rd step disc and replacement dish is by 242 Ω resistance R 1Connect, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～22 Ω, and promptly top is 0 Ω, and end is 22 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, and the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 2.2 Ω, and the brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; The I ' replacement dish brush is by 879 Ω resistance R 4Back and 30 Ω resistance r 1An end be connected in parallel on the potential difference meter positive source, the I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and is connected the II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, II measuring disk the 0th o'clock is through one 223.1 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through one 20990 Ω resistance R 2The back is coiled at the 0th with the III ' replacement and is connected, and the III ' replacement is coiled at the 10th and connected the IV ' replacement dish slip the 0th point, the 10th connection of IV measuring disk slip III measuring disk the 0th point, and the 10th of III measuring disk is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; I measuring disk brush and 27000 Ω resistance r 4An end be connected in parallel on hilted broadsword four and throw range selector K 1* 10 range contacts, resistance r 4The other end and 2700 Ω resistance r 3An end be connected in parallel on hilted broadsword four and throw range selector K 1* 1 range contact, resistance r 3The other end and 270 Ω resistance r 2An end connect after, through 2430 Ω resistance r 6Connect hilted broadsword four and throw range selector K 1* 0.1 range contact, resistance r 2The other end and 30 Ω resistance r 1The other end connect after, through 2697.3 Ω resistance r 5Connect hilted broadsword four and throw range selector K 1* 0.01 range contact, range selector K 1Normally closed contact and the setting resistance R of 926 Ω NHot end connects; " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure X" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of II measuring disk, the negative pole terminal is by galvanometer change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
By above technical scheme, three step discs and two slide wire discs are all without bracket panel, and this makes potential difference meter simple in structure, and volume-diminished, whole instrument overall dimensions reduce many, have also reduced production cost; The measuring disk that instrument is used for measure portion connects with lead, contact resistance and variation be not in equalizing network, the just potential difference meter work loop of influence always hinders, because total resistance resistance is very big, so variation can be ignored, the thermoelectric potential influence of several μ V be supply voltage, therefore influence can be ignored, zero potential can increase between slide wire disc and the I measuring disk lead resistance and revise.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic circuit of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is an another kind of schematic circuit of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a kind of two range conversion circuit of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is another kind of two range conversion circuit of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is another two range conversion circuit of the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is a kind of three range conversion circuit of the present utility model.
Fig. 7 is another kind of three range conversion circuit of the present utility model.
Fig. 8 is another three range conversion circuit of the present utility model.
Fig. 9 is a kind of four-range translation circuit of the present utility model.
Figure 10 is an another kind of four-range translation circuit of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, in Fig. 1, when two slide wire discs of three step discs and all during reset, left side resistance value equals 243.21 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, the right resistance value equals 2432.1 Ω, therefore, between two brushes of first step disc flow in 10/11 left side of total current, flows in 1/11 the right.When each step disc was put other contact, the resistance that measuring disk increases in each step disc equaled the resistance that the replacement dish reduces, so left and right limit resistance value is constant between two brushes of first step disc.
Potential difference meter standard operation electric current is 1mA, left side electric current 10/11mA between two brushes of first step disc, the right electric current 1/11mA, left side electric current is divided into two branch roads that electric current equates after flowing to the contact that contacts with the II ' replacement dish brush, and one the tunnel through the II ' replacement dish brush, resistance 24.2 Ω resistance R 1, to the contact that contact with II measuring disk brush, the contact that contacts with II measuring disk brush is arrived after through the 3rd step disc in another road, two branch road resistance values all are 24.2 Ω, therefore, the electric current on second step disc, the 3rd step disc all is 5/11mA.
After the working current standardization, the I measuring disk is thrown n 1, the II measuring disk is thrown n 2, the III measuring disk is thrown n 3, two slide wire discs are thrown n 4(n is certain big lattice indicating value), K switch is thrown to the left side, is positioned at this moment that voltage is between two terminals of measurement:
U X＝5/11×0.22?n 3+5/11×(10×2.2)+5/11×2.2n 2+10/11×9.11+10/11×10?n 1—1/11×(20—n 1)
×10—1/11×(10—n 4)×0.11(mv)
＝0.1n 3+10+n 2+91.1/11+100n1/11-200/11+10n 1/11-0.1+0.01n 4(mv)
＝0.1n 3+n 2+110n 1/11+0.01n 4+(110/11+91.1/11-200/11-1.1/11)(mv)
＝10n 1+n 2+0.1n 3+0.01n 4 (mv)
Internal attachment standard is calibration like this: at " U x" two of two ends measure terminals and connect 200mV normal voltage signal by polarity, K switch is thrown to the left side, the measuring disk indicating value is identical with standard voltage value, by regulating working current adjusting resistance R P1And R P2, make the galvanometer nulling, again K switch to be thrown to the right, sampling is 1018 Ω with the resistance of setting up resistance R N, 0～2 Ω adjustable resistance R has connected P3, regulate adjustable resistance R P3, make galvanometer nulling once more, again K switch is thrown to the left side, regulate adjustable resistance R P2, make the galvanometer nulling, again K switch is thrown to the right, regulate adjustable resistance R P3Make the galvanometer nulling, throw to the left side and throw when the equal nulling of galvanometer is not regulated on the right when K switch, the working current that potential difference meter is described is with regard to standardization, promptly set up ohmically pressure drop and equate, at this moment with adjustable resistance R with the electromotive force of unsaturated standard cell EN P3Locking, this potential difference meter is from now on just as standard.
The potential difference meter operating voltage is 1.5V, because the every joint stable electrical of dry cell kinetic potential between 1.4V～1.65V, all can be adjusted to standard state to the potential difference meter working current for realizing supply voltage at 1.4V～1.65V, gets fixed resistance R 0=158 Ω, adjustable resistance R P1=20 * 12 Ω, adjustable resistance R P2Range of adjustment is between 0～15 Ω.
Embodiment 2, in Fig. 2, when two slide wire discs of three step discs and all during reset, left side resistance equals 233.31 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, the right resistance equals 2333.1 Ω, all-in resistance is 212.1 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, and therefore 10/11 on the left side of total current flows between two brushes of first step disc, and 1/11 flows on the right.When the two slide wire discs of three step discs and were put other indicating value, the resistance that measuring disk increases equaled the resistance that the replacement dish reduces, so what indicating value no matter three step discs, two slide wire discs put, circuit always hinders constant.
Potential difference meter standard operation electric current is 1mA, left side electric current 10/11mA between two brushes of first step disc, the right electric current 1/11mA, the right electric current is divided into two branch roads that electric current equates after flowing to the contact that contacts with the III ' replacement dish brush, and one the tunnel through the III ' replacement dish brush, resistance 24.2 Ω resistance R 1, to the contact that contact with III measuring disk brush, the contact that contacts with III measuring disk brush is arrived after through two slide wire discs in another road, two branch road resistance values all are 24.2 Ω, therefore, the electric current on two slide wire discs, the 3rd step disc all is 1/22mA.
After the working current standardization, the I measuring disk is thrown n 1, the II measuring disk is thrown n 2, the III measuring disk is thrown n 3, two slide wire discs are thrown n 4(n is certain big lattice indicating value), K switch is thrown to the left side, is positioned at this moment that voltage is between two terminals of measurement:
U X＝10/11×1.1?n 2+10/11×22.31+10/11×10n 1—1/11×(20—n 1)×10—1/11×(10—n 3)×2.2
—1/22×2.2×n 3—1/22×(10—n 4)×0.22 (mv)
＝n 2+223.1/11+100?n 1/11—200/11+10?n 1/11—22/11+0.2n 3—0.1n 3—1.1/11+0.01n 4 (mv)
＝10n 1+n 2+0.1n 3+0.01n 4+(200+22+1.1)/11—200/11—22/11—1.1/11 (mv)
＝10n 1+n 2+0.1n 3+0.01n 4 (mv)
The potential difference meter operating voltage is 1.5V, because the every joint stable electrical of dry cell kinetic potential between 1.4V～1.65V, all can be adjusted to standard state to the potential difference meter working current for realizing supply voltage at 1.4V～1.65V, gets fixed resistance R 0=167 Ω, adjustable resistance R P1=20 * 12 Ω, adjustable resistance R P2Range of adjustment is between 0～15 Ω.
The calibration of internal attachment standard is with embodiment 1
Embodiment 3, in Fig. 3, when two slide wire discs of three step discs and all during reset, left side resistance equals 243.21 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, the right resistance equals 2432.1 Ω, all-in resistance is 221.1 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, and therefore 10/11 on the left side of total current flows between two brushes of first step disc, and 1/11 flows on the right.When the two slide wire discs of three step discs and were put other indicating value, the resistance that measuring disk increases equaled the resistance that the replacement dish reduces, so what indicating value no matter three step discs put with one pair of slide wire discs, circuit always hinders constant.
When * 0.1 range, all-in resistance is 221.1 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, adds 48.9 Ω resistance R 4, totally 270 Ω, resistance is the resistance r of 30 Ω 1And resistance adds resistance R between two brushes 4Parallel connection is reduced to * 1/10 during 1 range the electric current that flows through between two brushes of first step disc, and then the amount limit is reduced to * 1/10 during 1 range, resistance r 1With resistance value is reduced after two brushes are in parallel, therefore in potentiometer circuit, seal in resistance r 2Keep all-in resistance constant.
Potential difference meter standard operation electric current is 1mA, left side electric current 10/11mA between two brushes of first step disc, the right electric current 1/11mA, left side electric current is divided into two branch roads that electric current equates after flowing to the contact that contacts with the II ' replacement dish brush, and one the tunnel through the II ' replacement dish brush, resistance 24.2 Ω resistance R 1, to the contact that contact with II measuring disk brush, the contact that contacts with II measuring disk brush is arrived after through the 3rd step disc in another road, two branch road resistance values all are 24.2 Ω, therefore, the electric current on second step disc, the 3rd step disc all is 5/11mA.
After the working current standardization, the I measuring disk is thrown n 1, the II measuring disk is thrown n 2, the III measuring disk is thrown n 3, two slide wire discs are thrown n 4(n is certain big lattice indicating value), K switch 2Throw to the left side, be positioned at this moment that voltage is between two terminals of measurement:
U X＝5/11×0.22?n 3+5/11×(10×2.2)+5/11×2.2n 2+10/11×9.11+10/11×10?n 1—1/11×(20—n 1)
×10—1/11×(10—n 4)×0.11 (mv)
＝0.1n 3+10+n 2+91.1/11+100n 1/11-200/11+10n 1/11-0.1+0.01n 4(mv)
＝0.1n 3+n 2+110n 1/11+0.01n 4+(110/11+91.1/11-200/11-1.1/11) (mv)
＝10n 1+n 2+0.1n 3+0.01n4 (mv)
More than be * indicating value during 1 range, when * 0.1 range, the indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs is expressed as n 1+ 0.1n 2+ 0.01n 3+ 0.001n 4(mv)
The potential difference meter operating voltage is 1.5V, because the every joint stable electrical of dry cell kinetic potential between 1.4V～1.65V, all can be adjusted to standard state to the potential difference meter working current for realizing supply voltage at 1.4V～1.65V, gets fixed resistance R 0=110 Ω, adjustable resistance RP 1=20 * 12 Ω, adjustable resistance RP 2Be 0～13 Ω.
Internal attachment standard is calibration like this: 200mV standard signal voltage is pressed polarity and potential difference meter " U X" two measure terminal and connect, it is identical with the standard signal magnitude of voltage that potential difference meter respectively coils total indicating value, double-point double-throw switch K 2Throw to the left side, regulate adjustable resistance R P1And adjustable resistance R P2, make galvanometer G nulling; Again with double-point double-throw switch K 2Throw to the right, regulate adjustable resistance R P3, make galvanometer G nulling, at this moment adjustable resistance R P3Locking; When using from now on, potential difference meter is standard according to this.
Embodiment 4, in Fig. 4, when two slide wire discs of three step discs and all during reset, left side resistance equals 233.31 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, the right resistance equals 2333.1 Ω, all-in resistance is 212.1 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, and therefore 10/11 on the left side of total current flows between two brushes of first step disc, and 1/11 flows on the right.When the two slide wire discs of three step discs and were put other indicating value, the resistance that measuring disk increases equaled the resistance that the replacement dish reduces, so what indicating value no matter three step discs put with one pair of slide wire discs, circuit always hinders constant.
When * 1 range, all-in resistance is 212.1 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, adds 87.9 Ω resistance R 4, totally 300 Ω, resistance adds resistance R between two brushes of first step disc 4By 10 times of resistance r to self resistance 1With resistance r 2Therefore parallel connection flows through that total current is 10/11 of a potential difference meter electric current between two brushes of first step disc, flows through resistance r 1With resistance r 2Electric current be 1/11 of potential difference meter working current; When * 0.1 range, the resistance between two brushes of first step disc, add resistance R 4, resistance in series r 2After, with 10 times to resistance r 1Resistance and resistance r 1Parallel connection makes resistance r 1On electric current be that electric current between two brushes of 10/11, the first step disc of potential difference meter working current is 1/11 of a potential difference meter electric current, so electric current reduces to 1/10 on the measuring disk, the amount of making limit is reduced to 1/10.
The potential difference meter working current is 1.1mA, at * 1 range, left side electric current 10/11mA between two brushes of first step disc, the right electric current 1/11mA, the right electric current is divided into two branch roads that electric current equates after flowing to the contact that contacts with the III ' replacement dish brush, and one the tunnel through the III ' replacement dish brush, resistance 24.2 Ω resistance R 1, to the contact that contact with III measuring disk brush, the contact that contacts with III measuring disk brush is arrived after through two slide wire discs in another road, two branch road resistance values all are 24.2 Ω, therefore, the electric current on two slide wire discs, the 3rd step disc all is 1/22mA.
After the working current standardization, the I measuring disk is thrown n 1, the II measuring disk is thrown n 2, the III measuring disk is thrown n 3, two slide wire discs are thrown n 4(n is certain big lattice indicating value), K switch 2Throw to the left side, be positioned at this moment that voltage is between two terminals of measurement:
U X＝10/11×1.1?n 2+10/11×22.31+10/11×10n 1—1/11×(20—n 1)×10—1/11×(10—n 3)×2.2
—1/22×2.2×n 3—1/22×(10—n 4)×0.22 (mv)
＝n 2+223.1/11+100n 1/11—200/11+10?n 1/11—22/11+0.2?n 3—0.1n 3—1.1/11+0.01n 4 (mv)
＝10n 1+n 2+0.1n 3+0.01n 4+(200+22+1.1)/11—200/11—22/11—1.1/11 (mv)
＝10n 1+n 2+0.1n 3+0.01n 4 (mv)
More than be * indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs during 1 range that when * 0.1 range, three step discs are expressed as n with the indicating value of one pair of slide wire discs 1+ 0.1n 2+ 0.01n 3+ 0.001n 4(mv)
The potential difference meter operating voltage is 1.5V, because the every joint stable electrical of dry cell kinetic potential between 1.4V～1.65V, all can be adjusted to standard state to the potential difference meter working current for realizing supply voltage at 1.4V～1.65V, gets fixed resistance R 0=80 Ω, adjustable resistance RP 1=21 * 10 Ω, adjustable resistance RP 2Be 0～11 Ω.
The calibration of internal attachment standard is with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 5, in Fig. 5, when two slide wire discs of three step discs and all during reset, left side resistance equals 233.31 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, the right resistance equals 2333.1 Ω, all-in resistance is 212.1 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, and therefore 10/11 on the left side of total current flows between two brushes of first step disc, and 1/11 flows on the right.When three step discs and one pair of other indicating value of slide wire disc, the resistance that measuring disk increases equals the resistance that the replacement dish reduces, so what indicating value no matter three step discs and two slide wire discs put, circuit always hinders constant.
Standard cell E NElectromotive force between 1.0188～1.0196V, during * 10 ranges, the work loop always hinders between 1400～1650 Ω, between the cell emf 1.4～1.65V of working power, by calibrating adjustable resistance R P3Make working current equal 1mA.During * 1 range, the work loop always hinders between 14000～16500 Ω, between the cell emf 1.4～1.65V of working power, by calibration adjustable resistance R P5Make working current equal 0.1mA.
At * 10 ranges, left side electric current 10/11mA between two brushes of first step disc, the right electric current 1/11mA, the right electric current are divided into two branch roads that electric current equates after flowing to the contact that contacts with the III ' replacement dish brush, and one the tunnel through the III ' replacement dish brush, resistance 24.2 Ω resistance R 1, to the contact that contact with III measuring disk brush, the contact that contacts with III measuring disk brush is arrived after through two slide wire discs in another road, two branch road resistance values all are 24.2 Ω, therefore, the electric current on two slide wire discs, the 3rd step disc all is 1/22mA.
After the standardization of potential difference meter working current, the I measuring disk is thrown n 1, the II measuring disk is thrown n 2, the III measuring disk is thrown n 3, two slide wire discs are thrown n 4(n is certain big lattice indicating value) at this moment is positioned at measured U XTwo terminals between voltage be:
U X＝10/11×1.1?n 2+10/11×(20+2.2+0.11)+10/11×10n 1—1/11×(20—n 1)×10—1/11×(10—
n 3)×2.2—1/22×n 3×2.2—1/22×(10—n 4)×0.22(mv)
＝n 2+200/11+2+0.1+100n 1/11—200/11+10n 1/11—2+0.2n 3—0.1?n 3-0.1+0.01n 4(mv)
＝10n 1+n 2+0.1n 3+0.01n 4(mv)
More than be * indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs during 10 ranges,
When * 1 range, the indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs is expressed as n 1+ 0.1n 2+ 0.01n 3+ 0.001n 4(mv)
The potential difference meter operating voltage is 1.5V, because the every joint stable electrical of dry cell kinetic potential between 1.4V～1.65V, all can be adjusted to standard state to the potential difference meter working current for realizing supply voltage at 1.4V～1.65V, at * 10 ranges, gets fixed resistance R 0=168 Ω, adjustable resistance R P1=20 * 12 Ω, adjustable resistance R P2Be 0～13 Ω.At * 1 range, increase by 3432 Ω fixed resistance R in the circuit 0, 20 * 125 Ω adjustable resistance R P4
The standard operation electric current is to determine like this: at * 10 ranges, 200mV standard signal voltage is pressed polarity and potential difference meter " U x" two measure terminal and connect, it is identical with the standard signal magnitude of voltage that potential difference meter respectively coils total indicating value, double-point double-throw switch K 2Throw to the left side, regulate adjustable resistance R P1And adjustable resistance R P2, make galvanometer G nulling; Again with double-point double-throw switch K 2Throw to the right, regulate adjustable resistance R P3, make galvanometer G nulling, at this moment adjustable resistance R P3Locking; At * 1 range, standard signal voltage makes 20mV into, operates the same.
Embodiment 6, in Fig. 6, when three step discs, slide wire disc all during reset, left side resistance equals 243.21 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, the right resistance equals 2432.1 Ω, all-in resistance is 221.1 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, and therefore 10/11 on the left side of total current flows between two brushes of first step disc, and 1/11 flows on the right.When three step discs and two slide wire discs were put other indicating value, the resistance that measuring disk increases equaled the resistance that the replacement dish reduces, so what indicating value no matter three step discs and two slide wire discs put, circuit always hinders constant.
When * 1 range, resistance is that the resistance between two brushes of first step disc adds resistance R 41/9 resistance r of total resistance 1And the resistance between two brushes of first step disc adds resistance R 4Total resistance is in parallel, and the electric current that flows through between two brushes of first step disc is reduced to * 1/10 during 10 ranges, and the amount of making limit is reduced to 1/10, resistance r 1With resistance value is reduced after two brushes are in parallel, so seal in resistance r in the potentiometer circuit 2Keep total resistance value constant.At * 0.1 range, the resistance between two brushes of first step disc adds resistance R 4Total resistance resistance in series r 4After, with 99 times to resistance r 3Resistance and resistance r 3Parallel connection, make to flow through the measuring disk electric current and reduce to * 10 ranges 1/100, the amount of making limit is reduced to * 10 ranges 1/100, parallel connection reduces resistance, advances resistance r by series connection in potentiometer circuit 5Add resistance r 2Keep total resistance constant.
Potential difference meter standard operation electric current is 1mA, when * 10 ranges, left side electric current 10/11mA between two brushes of first step disc, the right electric current 1/11mA, left side electric current is divided into two branch roads that electric current equates after flowing to the contact that contacts with the II ' replacement dish brush, and one the tunnel through the II ' replacement dish brush, resistance 24.2 Ω resistance R 1, to the contact that contact with II measuring disk brush, the contact that contacts with II measuring disk brush is arrived after through the 3rd step disc in another road, two branch road resistance values all are 24.2 Ω, therefore, the electric current on second step disc, the 3rd step disc all is 5/11mA.
After the working current standardization, the I measuring disk is thrown n 1, the II measuring disk is thrown n 2, the III measuring disk is thrown n 3, two slide wire discs are thrown n 4(n is certain big lattice indicating value), K switch 2Throw to the left side, be positioned at this moment that voltage is between two terminals of measurement:
U X＝5/11×0.22?n 3+5/11×(10×2.2)+5/11×2.2n 2+10/11×9.11+10/11×10?n 1—1/11×(20—n 1)
×10—1/11×(10—n 3)×0.11(mv)
＝0.1n 3+10+n 2+91.1/11+100n 1/11-200/11+10n 1/11-0.1+0.01n 4(mv)
＝0.1n 3+n 2+110n 1/11+0.01n 4+(110/11+91.1/11-200/11-1.1/11) (mv)
＝10n 1+n 2+0.1n 3+0.01n 4 (mv)
More than be * indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs during 10 ranges,
When * 1 range, the indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs is expressed as n 1+ 0.1n 2+ 0.01n 3+ 0.001n 4(mv)
The indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs is expressed as 0.n when * 0.1 range 1+ 0.01n 2+ 0.001n 3+ 0.0001n 4(mv)
The potential difference meter operating voltage is 1.5V, because the every joint stable electrical of dry cell kinetic potential between 1.4V～1.65V, all can be adjusted to standard state to the potential difference meter working current for realizing supply voltage at 1.4V～1.65V, gets fixed resistance R 0=110 Ω, adjustable resistance RP 1=20 * 12 Ω, adjustable resistance RP 2Be 0～13 Ω.
The calibration of internal attachment standard is with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 7, in Fig. 7, when two slide wire discs of three step discs and all during reset, left side resistance equals 233.31 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, the right resistance equals 2333.1 Ω, all-in resistance is 212.1 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, and therefore 10/11 on the left side of total current flows between two brushes of first step disc, and 1/11 flows on the right.When the two slide wire discs of three step discs and were put other indicating value, the resistance that measuring disk increases equaled the resistance that the replacement dish reduces, so what indicating value no matter three step discs put with one pair of slide wire discs, circuit always hinders constant.
At * 10 ranges, all-in resistance is 212.1 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, adds 87.9 Ω resistance R 4, totally 300 Ω, resistance adds resistance R between two brushes of first step disc 4By 10 times of resistance r to self resistance 1, resistance r 2, resistance r 3Series connection back is in parallel, flows through therefore that total current is 10/11 of a potential difference meter electric current between two brushes of first step disc, flows through resistance r 1, resistance r 2, resistance r 3Electric current be 1/11 of potential difference meter working current; When * 1 range, the resistance between two brushes of first step disc adds resistance R 4Resistance in series r 3The back 10 times to the resistance r of mutual series connection 1With resistance r 2Be in parallel, make to flow through the measuring disk electric current and reduce to * 10 ranges 1/10; When * 0.1 range, resistance adds resistance R between two brushes of first step disc 4Resistance in series r 2With resistance r 3Back and resistance r 1Parallel connection, the resistance after the series connection are resistance r 1109 times, therefore flow through that total current is 1/110 of a potential difference meter working current between two brushes of first step disc, this electric current is * electric current during 10 ranges 1/100.
The potential difference meter working current is 1.1mA, at * 10 ranges, left side electric current 10/11mA between two brushes of first step disc, the right electric current is 1/11mA, the right electric current is divided into two branch roads that electric current equates after flowing to the contact that contacts with III ' replacement dish brush, and one the tunnel through III ' replacement dish brush, 24.2 Ω resistance R 1, to the contact that contact with III measuring disk brush, the contact that contacts with III measuring disk brush is arrived after through two slide wire discs in another road, two branch road resistances all are 24.2 Ω, therefore, two branch currents all are 1/22mA.
After the standardization of potential difference meter working current, the I measuring disk is thrown n 1, the II measuring disk is thrown n 2, the III measuring disk is thrown n 3, two slide wire discs are thrown n 4(n is certain big lattice indicating value) at this moment is positioned at measured U XTwo terminals between voltage be:
U X＝10/11×1.1?n 2+10/11×(20+2.2+0.11)+10/11×10n 1—1/11×(20—n 1)×10—1/11×(10—
n 3)×2.2—1/22×n 3×2.2—1/22×(10—n 4)×0.22(mv)
＝n 2+200/11+2+0.1+100n 1/11—200/11+10n 1/11—2+0.2n 3—0.1n 3-0.1+0.01n 4(mv)
＝10n 1+n 2+0.1n 3+0.01n 4(mv)
More than be * indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs during 10 ranges,
When * 1 range, the indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs is expressed as n 1+ 0.1n 2+ 0.01n 3+ 0.001n 4(mv)
When * 0.1 range, the indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs is expressed as 0.1n 1+ 0.01n 2+ 0.001n 3+ 0.0001n 4(mv)
The potential difference meter operating voltage is 1.5V, because the every joint stable electrical of dry cell kinetic potential between 1.4V～1.65V, all can be adjusted to standard state to the potential difference meter working current for realizing supply voltage at 1.4V～1.65V, gets fixed resistance R 0=80 Ω, adjustable resistance RP 1=21 * 10 Ω, adjustable resistance RP 2Be 0～11 Ω.
The calibration of internal attachment standard is with embodiment 3.
Embodiment 8, in Fig. 8,
When two slide wire discs of three step discs and all during reset, left side resistance equals 233.31 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, the right resistance equals 2333.1 Ω, all-in resistance is 212.1 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, therefore 10/11 on the left side of total current flows between two brushes of first step disc, and 1/11 flows on the right.When the two slide wire discs of three step discs and were put other indicating value, the resistance that measuring disk increases equaled the resistance that the replacement dish reduces, so what indicating value no matter three step discs put with one pair of slide wire discs, circuit always hinders constant.
When 1.4V was following, electric current was stable inadequately with the electromotive force of No. 1 battery for working power, and the electromotive force of new battery reaches 1.65V, for cell emf is worked between 1.4～1.65V, during * 10 ranges, seals in 168 Ω fixed resistance R 0, regulate adjustable resistance R P2, adjustable resistance R P3Make the total resistance in work loop can be between 1400～1650 Ω, standard cell E NElectromotive force between 1.0188～1.0196V, set up resistance R by 1018 Ω N1, calibration 0～2 Ω adjustable resistance R P6Make working current equal 1mA; During * 1 range, seal in 3440 Ω fixed resistance R again a, regulate adjustable resistance R P1, adjustable resistance R P2, adjustable resistance R P3Make the total resistance in work loop between 14000～16500 Ω, set up resistance R by 9160 Ω N2, calibration adjustable resistance R P5Make working current equal 0.1mA, during * 0.2 range, seal in 15300 Ω fixed resistance R again b, regulate adjustable resistance R P1, regulate adjustable resistance R P2, adjustable resistance R P3The work loop is always hindered between 140000～165000 Ω, set up resistance R by 40700 Ω N3, calibration adjustable resistance R P4Make working current equal 0.02mA.
The potential difference meter working current is 1mA, at * 10 ranges, left side electric current 10/11mA between two brushes of first step disc, the right electric current is 1/11mA, the right electric current is divided into two branch roads that electric current equates after flowing to the contact that contacts with III ' replacement dish brush, and one the tunnel through III ' replacement dish brush, 24.2 Ω resistance R 1, to the contact that contact with III measuring disk brush, the contact that contacts with III measuring disk brush is arrived after through two slide wire discs in another road, two branch road resistances all are 24.2 Ω, therefore, two branch currents all are 1/22mA.
After the standardization of potential difference meter working current, the I measuring disk is thrown n 1, the II measuring disk is thrown n 2, the III measuring disk is thrown n 3, two slide wire discs are thrown n 4(n is certain big lattice indicating value) at this moment is positioned at measured U XTwo terminals between voltage be:
U X＝10/11×1.1n 2+10/11×(20+2.2+0.11)+10/11×10n 1—1/11×(20—n1)×10—1/11×(10—
n 3)×2.2—1/22×n 3×2.2—1/22×(10—n 4)×0.22(mv)
＝n 2+200/11+2+0.1+100n 1/11—200/11+10n 1/11—2+0.2n3—0.1?n 3-0.1+0.01n 4(mv)
＝10n 1+n 2+0.1n 3+0.01n 4(mv)
More than be * indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs during 10 ranges,
When * 1 range, the indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs is expressed as n 1+ 0.1n 2+ 0.01n 3+ 0.001n 4(mv)
When * 0.2 range, the indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs is expressed as 0.2n 1+ 0.02n 2+ 0.002n 3+ 0.0002n 4(mv)
The standard operation electric current is to determine like this: 200mV standard signal voltage is pressed polarity and potential difference meter " U x" two measure terminal and connect potential difference meter range switch K 1Put " * 10 " range, it is identical with the standard signal magnitude of voltage that each coils total indicating value, double-point double-throw switch K 2Throw to the left side adjustable resistance R P1Adjustable resistance R is regulated in reset P2And adjustable resistance R P3, make galvanometer G nulling; Again with double-point double-throw switch K 2Throw to the right, regulate adjustable resistance R P6, make galvanometer G nulling, at this moment adjustable resistance R P6Locking; Again range switch K 1Put " * 1 " range, 20mV standard signal voltage is pressed polarity and potential difference meter " U x" two measure terminal and connect, it is identical with the standard signal magnitude of voltage that each coils total indicating value, double-point double-throw switch K 2Throw to the left side, regulate adjustable resistance R P1, adjustable resistance R P2And adjustable resistance R P3, make galvanometer G nulling; Again with double-point double-throw switch K 2Throw to the right, regulate adjustable resistance R P5, make galvanometer G nulling, at this moment adjustable resistance R P5Locking; Again range switch K 1Put " * 0.2 " range, 4mV standard signal voltage is pressed polarity and potential difference meter " U x" two measure terminal and connect, it is identical with the standard signal magnitude of voltage that each coils total indicating value, double-point double-throw switch K 2Throw to the left side, regulate adjustable resistance R P1, adjustable resistance R P2And adjustable resistance R P3, make galvanometer G nulling; Again with double-point double-throw switch K 2Throw to the right, regulate adjustable resistance R P4, make galvanometer G nulling, at this moment adjustable resistance R P4Locking; When using from now on, potential difference meter is standard according to this.
Embodiment 9, in Fig. 9, when two slide wire discs of three step discs and all during reset, left side resistance equals 2432.1 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, the right resistance equals 24321 Ω, all-in resistance is 2211 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, and therefore 10/11 on the left side of total current flows between two brushes of first step disc, and 1/11 flows on the right.When the two slide wire discs of three step discs and were put other indicating value, the resistance that measuring disk increases equaled the resistance that the replacement dish reduces, so what indicating value no matter three step discs put with one pair of slide wire discs, circuit always hinders constant.
When * 1 range, resistance is a resistance R 4The resistance r that adds 1/9 resistance of resistance between two brushes of first step disc 1In parallel with two brushes, the electric current that flows through between two brushes of first step disc is reduced to * 1/10 during 10 ranges, the amount of making limit is reduced to 1/10, resistance r 1With resistance R 4Add between two brushes of first step disc and after the resistance parallel connection resistance value is reduced, therefore in potentiometer circuit, seal in resistance r 2Keep total resistance value constant.In * 0.1 range, resistance R 4The all-in resistance resistance in series r that adds resistance between two brushes of first step disc 4After, with 99 times to resistance r 3Resistance and resistance r 3Parallel connection makes to flow through the measuring disk electric current and be reduced to * 1/100 during 10 ranges, the amount of making limit is reduced to * 10 ranges 1/100, parallel connection reduces resistance, by in potentiometer circuit again series connection advance resistance r 6Add resistance r 7Keep all-in resistance constant.At * 0.01 range, resistance is a resistance R 4Add resistance resistance in series r between two brushes of first step disc 4With resistance r 5After, with 999 times to resistance r 3Resistance and resistance r 3Parallel connection makes to flow through the measuring disk electric current and be reduced to * per mille during 10 ranges, makes circuit reduce resistance value after the parallel connection, by seal in resistance r in potentiometer circuit 7Come the holding circuit resistance constant.
Potential difference meter standard operation electric current is 1mA, when * 10 ranges, two brushes of first step disc are asked left side electric current 10/11mA, the right electric current 1/11mA, left side electric current is divided into two branch roads that electric current equates after flowing to the contact that contacts with the II ' replacement dish brush, and one the tunnel through the II ' replacement dish brush, resistance 242 Ω resistance R 1, to the contact that contact with II measuring disk brush, the contact that contacts with II measuring disk brush is arrived after through the 3rd step disc in another road, two branch road resistance values all are 242 Ω, therefore, the electric current on second step disc, the 3rd step disc all is 5/11mA.
After the working current standardization, the I measuring disk is thrown n 1, the II measuring disk is thrown n 2, the III measuring disk is thrown n 3, two slide wire discs are thrown n 4(n is certain big lattice indicating value), K switch 2Throw to the left side, be positioned at this moment that voltage is between two terminals of measurement:
U X＝5/11×2.2?n 3+5/11×(10×22)+5/11×22n 2+10/11×91.1+10/11×100n 1—1/11×(20—n 1)×
100—1/11×(10—n 3)×1.1(mv)
＝n 3+100+10n 2+911/11+1000n 1/11-2000/11+100n 1/11-1+0.1n 4(mv)
＝1n 3+10n 2+1100n 1/11+0.1n 4+(1100/11+911/11-2000/11-11/11)(mv)
＝100n 1+10n 2+n 3+0.1n 4(mv)
More than be * indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs during 10 ranges,
When * 1 range, the indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs is expressed as 10n 1+ n 2+ 0.1n 3+ 0.01n 4(mv)
When * 0.1 range, the indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs is expressed as n 1+ 0.1n 2+ 0.01n 3+ 0.001n 4(mv)
When * 0.01 range, the indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs is expressed as 0.1n 1+ 0.01n 2+ 0.001n 3+ 0.0001n 4(mv)
The potential difference meter operating voltage is 4.5V, because the every joint stable electrical of dry cell kinetic potential between 1.4V～1.65V, all can be adjusted to standard state to the potential difference meter working current for realizing supply voltage at 4.2V～4.95V, gets fixed resistance R 0=480 Ω, adjustable resistance RP 1=20 * 37 Ω, adjustable resistance RP 2Be 0～40 Ω.
The standard operation electric current is to determine like this: 2V standard signal voltage is pressed polarity and potential difference meter " U x" two measure terminal and connect, the potential difference meter range switch is put " * 10 " range, it is identical with the standard signal magnitude of voltage that each coils total indicating value, double-point double-throw switch K 2Throw to the left side, regulate adjustable resistance R P1And adjustable resistance R P2, make galvanometer G nulling; Again with double-point double-throw switch K 2Throw to the right, regulate adjustable resistance R P3, make galvanometer G nulling, at this moment adjustable resistance R P3Locking; When using from now on, potential difference meter is standard according to this.
Embodiment 10, in Figure 10, when two slide wire discs of three step discs and all during reset, left side resistance equals 2333.1 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, the right resistance equals 23331 Ω, all-in resistance is 2121 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, and therefore 10/11 on the left side of total current flows between two brushes of first step disc, and 1/11 flows on the right.When the two slide wire discs of three step discs and were put other indicating value, the resistance that measuring disk increases equaled the resistance that the replacement dish reduces, so what indicating value no matter three step discs put with one pair of slide wire discs, circuit always hinders constant.
At * 10 ranges, all-in resistance is 2121 Ω between two brushes of first step disc, adds 879 Ω resistance R 4, totally 3000 Ω, resistance adds resistance R between two brushes of first step disc 4By 10 times of resistance r to self resistance 1, resistance r 2, resistance r 3, resistance r 4Series connection back is in parallel, flows through therefore that total current is 10/11 of a potential difference meter electric current between two brushes of first step disc, flows through resistance r 1, resistance r 2, resistance r3, resistance r 4Electric current be 1/11 of potential difference meter working current; When * 1 range, resistance adds resistance R between two brushes of first step disc 4Resistance in series r 4The back 10 times to the resistance r of mutual series connection 1, resistance r 2, resistance r 3Be in parallel, make to flow through the measuring disk electric current and reduce to * 10 ranges 1/10; When * 0.1 range, resistance adds resistance R between two brushes of first step disc 4Resistance in series r 4With resistance r 3Back and resistance r 1Resistance r has connected 2The back is in parallel, and the resistance after the series connection is resistance r 1Add resistance r 2109 times, therefore flow through that total current is 1/110 of a potential difference meter working current between two brushes of first step disc, flow through that total current is between two brushes of first step disc * resistance that 1/100, * 0.1 range of electric current during 10 ranges reduces, by sealing in resistance r 6The total resistance of holding circuit afterwards is constant.When * 0.01 range, total resistance adds resistance R between two brushes of first step disc 4Resistance in series r 4, resistance r 3, resistance r 2Back and resistance r 1Parallel connection, the resistance after the series connection are resistance r 11099 times, make and flow through that total current is 1/1100 of a potential difference meter working current between two brushes of first step disc, the amount of making limit is reduced to * per mille during 10 ranges, the resistance that * 0.01 range reduces is by sealing in resistance r 5Come the total resistance of holding circuit constant.
The potential difference meter working current is 1.1mA, at * 10 ranges, left side electric current 10/11mA between two brushes of first step disc, the right electric current is 1/11mA, the right electric current is divided into two branch roads that electric current equates after flowing to the contact that contacts with III ' replacement dish brush, and one the tunnel through III ' replacement dish brush, 242 Ω resistance R 1, to the contact that contact with III measuring disk brush, the contact that contacts with III measuring disk brush is arrived after through two slide wire discs in another road, two branch road resistances all are 242 Ω, therefore, two branch currents all are 1/22mA.
After the standardization of potential difference meter working current, the I measuring disk is thrown n 1, the II measuring disk is thrown n 2, the III measuring disk is thrown n 3, two slide wire discs are thrown n 4(n is certain big lattice indicating value) at this moment is positioned at measured U XTwo terminals between voltage be:
U X＝10/11×11?n 2+10/11×(200+22+1.1)+10/11×100n 1—1/11×(20—n 1)×100—1/11×(10—
n 3)×22—1/22×n 3×22—1/22×(10—n 4)×2.2(mv)
＝10n 2+2000/11+20+1+1000n 1/11—2000/11+100n 1/11—20+2n 3—n 3—1+0.1n 4(mv)
＝100n 1+10n 2+n 3+0.1n 4(mv)
More than be * indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs during 10 ranges,
When * 1 range, the indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs is expressed as 10n 1+ n 2+ 0.1n 3+ 0.01n 4(mv)
When * 0.1 range, the indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs is expressed as n 1+ 0.1n 2+ 0.01n 3+ 0.001n 4(mv)
When * 0.01 range, the indicating value of three step discs and two slide wire discs is expressed as 0.1n 1+ 0.01n 2+ 0.001n 3+ 0.0001n 4(mv)
The potential difference meter operating voltage is 4.5V, because the every joint stable electrical of dry cell kinetic potential between 1.4V～1.65V, all can be adjusted to standard state to the potential difference meter working current for realizing supply voltage at 4.2V～4.95V, gets fixed resistance R 0=163 Ω, adjustable resistance RP 1=19 * 34 Ω, adjustable resistance RP 2Be 0～36 Ω.
The calibration of internal attachment standard is with embodiment 9.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of potential difference meter that adopts slide wire disc, electric current is set up resistance R N and range of adjustment adjustable resistance RP at 0～2 Ω through the resistor network on three step discs, the two slide wire disc to 1018 Ω from the positive pole of potential difference meter 1.5V working power 3, again to 158 Ω fixed resistance R 0, through the adjustable resistance R of 0～15 Ω P2And the adjustable resistance R of 20 * 12 Ω P1The negative pole of getting back to working power is formed the work loop of potential difference meter; , arrive and set up resistance R N and lockable adjustable resistance R through being connected to galvanometer G double-point double-throw switch K between two normally closed contacts from standard cell EN positive pole P3, arrive the standard loop that the standard cell negative pole is formed potential difference meter again; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction x" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal, form the equalizing network of potential difference meter again to the negative pole terminal through the double-point double-throw switch K that is connected to galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on second step disc 1Connect, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 0.22 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on the 3rd step disc, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～1.1 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 1.1 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.11 Ω, " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; Brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; The I ' replacement dish brush connects potential difference meter working power positive pole, the I ' replacement is coiled the 20th connection the II ' replacement and is coiled the 10th point, the II ' replacement is coiled the 0th connection the III ' replacement and is coiled the 10th point, the 0th of III measuring disk connects II measuring disk the 10th point, and II measuring disk the 0th o'clock is through one 9.11 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through one 2231 Ω resistance R 3The back is connected with the 0th of the IV ' replacement dish slip, and the 10th of IV measuring disk slip is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; I measuring disk brush connects sets up resistance R N hot end; Connect measured " U x" two terminals, anodal terminal connects III measuring disk the 10th point, and the negative pole terminal is connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip after through the double-point double-throw switch K that is connected to galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts.
2, a kind of potential difference meter that adopts slide wire disc, electric current is set up resistance R N and range of adjustment adjustable resistance RP at 0～2 Ω through the resistor network on three step discs, the two slide wire disc to 1018 Ω from the positive pole of potential difference meter 1.5V working power 3, again to 167 Ω fixed resistance R 0, through the adjustable resistance R of 0～15 Ω P2And the adjustable resistance R of 20 * 12 Ω P1The negative pole of getting back to working power is formed the work loop of potential difference meter; , arrive and set up resistance R N and lockable adjustable resistance R through being connected to galvanometer G double-point double-throw switch K between two normally closed contacts from standard cell EN positive pole P3, arrive the standard loop that the standard cell negative pole is formed potential difference meter again; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction x" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal, form the equalizing network of potential difference meter again to the negative pole terminal through the double-point double-throw switch K that is connected to galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 1.1 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on second step disc, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on the 3rd step disc 1Connect, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～2.2 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 2.2 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.22 Ω, " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; Brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; The I ' replacement dish brush connects potential difference meter working power positive pole, and the I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and connected the II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and II measuring disk the 0th o'clock is through one 22.31 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through one 2099 Ω resistance R 3The back is coiled at the 0th with the III ' replacement and is connected, and the III ' replacement is coiled at the 10th and connected the IV ' replacement dish slip the 0th point, the 10th connection of IV measuring disk slip III measuring disk the 0th point, and the 10th of III measuring disk is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; I measuring disk brush connects sets up resistance R N hot end; Connect measured " U x" two terminals, anodal terminal connects II measuring disk the 10th point, and the negative pole terminal is connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip after through the double-point double-throw switch K that is connected to galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts.
3, a kind of potential difference meter that has two ranges to adopt slide wire discs, from the positive pole of 1.5V working power through by resistance, range transfer resistance and dpdt double-pole double-throw (DPDT) range selector K on three step discs, the two slide wire disc 1K 1-1Layer, K 1-2The resistance measurement network that layer is formed is to the setting resistance R of 1018 Ω NAnd the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～2 Ω P3, again through 110 Ω fixed resistance R 0, 0～13 Ω adjustable resistance R P2And 20 * 12 Ω adjustable resistance R P1Get back to the negative pole of working power and form potential difference meter work loop; Standard cell E NAnodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2To setting up resistance R NAnd lockable adjustable resistance R P3Sliding contact get back to standard cell E NNegative pole is formed the potential difference meter standard loop; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction x" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip, again through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2Form the potential difference meter equalizing network to the negative pole terminal; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on second step disc 1Connect, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 0.22 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on the 3rd step disc, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～1.1 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 1.1 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.11 Ω, " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; Brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; The I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and is connected the II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and the II ' replacement is coiled at the 0th and connected the III ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and the 0th of III measuring disk connects II measuring disk the 10th point, and II measuring disk the 0th o'clock is through one 9.11 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through one 2231 Ω resistance R 3The back is connected with the 0th of the IV ' replacement dish slip, and the 10th of IV measuring disk slip is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; The I ' replacement dish brush is through 48.9 Ω resistance R 4Back and 30 Ω resistance r 1Be connected in parallel on potential difference meter working power positive pole, resistance r 1The other end connect range selector K 1K 1-1Layer * 0.1 range contact, range selector K 1K 1-2Layer * 0.1 range contact and I measuring disk brush all with range selector K 1K 1-1Layer * 1 range contact connects 243 Ω resistance r 2One end connects range selector K 1-2Layer * 0.1 range contact, the other end connects range selector K 1-2Layer * 1 range contact, K 1-2Layer * 1 range contact is connected on the setting resistance R again NHot end, range selector K 1K 1-1Layer and K 1-2Two normally closed contact short circuits of layer, " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure x" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of III measuring disk, and the negative pole terminal is by galvanometric change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
4, a kind of potential difference meter that has two ranges to adopt slide wire discs, from the positive pole of 1.5V working power through by resistance, range transfer resistance and range selector K on three step discs, the two slide wire disc 1The resistance measurement network of forming is to the setting resistance R of 926 Ω NAnd the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～2 Ω P3, again through 80 Ω fixed resistance R 0, 0～11 Ω adjustable resistance R P2And 21 * 10 Ω adjustable resistance R P1Get back to the negative pole of working power and form potential difference meter work loop; Standard cell E NAnodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2To setting up resistance R NAnd lockable adjustable resistance R P3Sliding contact get back to standard cell E NNegative pole is formed the potential difference meter standard loop; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction x" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip, again through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2Form the potential difference meter equalizing network to the negative pole terminal; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 1.1 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on second step disc, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on the 3rd step disc 1Connect, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～2.2 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 2.2 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.22 Ω, " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; Brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; The I ' replacement dish brush is by 87.9 Ω resistance R 4Back and 300 Ω resistance r 1An end be connected in parallel on the potential difference meter positive source, the I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and is connected II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, the 0th of II measuring disk connects 22.31 Ω resistance R 1An end, resistance R 1The other end connect I measuring disk the 0th point, the 20th of I measuring disk connects III measuring disk the 10th point, the 0th of III measuring disk connects IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, the 0th of IV ' replacement dish slip connects III ' replacement and coils the 10th point, and III ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through 2099 Ω resistance R 3Connect I ' replacement and coil the 0th point, I measuring disk brush and 2700 Ω resistance r 2An end be connected in parallel on single-pole double-throw (SPDT) range selector K 1* 1 range contact, resistance r 2The other end and resistance r 1The other end be connected in parallel on single-pole double-throw (SPDT) range selector K 1* 0.1 range contact, range selector K 1Normally closed contact and the setting resistance R of 926 Ω NHot end connects; " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure x" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of II measuring disk, the negative pole terminal is by galvanometer change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
5, a kind of potential difference meter that has two ranges to adopt slide wire discs, electric current from the positive pole of potential difference meter 1.5V working power through the resistor network on three step discs and the two slide wire discs to the setting resistance R N, arrive adjustable resistance and fixed resistance R again 0After get back to working power negative pole form potential difference meter work loop; From standard cell EN positive pole through being connected to galvanometer G double-point double-throw switch K between two normally closed contacts 2,, arrive the standard cell negative pole again and form the potential difference meter standard loop to setting up resistance R N and lockable adjustable resistance; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction x" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip, again through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2Form the potential difference meter equalizing network to the negative pole terminal; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 1.1 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on second step disc, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on the 3rd step disc 1Connect, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～2.2 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 2.2 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.22 Ω, " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; Brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; The I ' replacement dish brush connects potential difference meter working power positive pole, and the I ' replacement is coiled the 20th connection the II ' replacement and coiled the 10th point, and the 0th of II measuring disk connects one 22.31 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through 2099 Ω resistance R 3The back connects the III ' replacement and coils the 0th point, and the III ' replacement is coiled at the 10th and connected the IV ' replacement dish slip the 0th point, and the 10th of IV measuring disk slip is connected with the 0th of III measuring disk, and the 10th of III measuring disk is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; I measuring disk brush connects dpdt double-pole double-throw (DPDT) range selector K 1K 1-2The normally closed contact of layer, K 1-2Layer * 10 range contacts connect the setting resistance R of 1018 Ω N1, again through the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～2 Ω P3, with standard cell E NNegative pole connects, K 1-2Layer * 1 range contact connects the setting resistance R of 10180 Ω N2, again through the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～20 Ω P5, with standard cell E NNegative pole connects, standard cell E NNegative pole connects dpdt double-pole double-throw (DPDT) range selector K 1K 1-1The normally closed contact of layer, K 1-1Layer * 10 range contacts connect 20 * 12 Ω adjustable resistance R P1With 20 * 125 Ω adjustable resistance R P4Tie point, adjustable resistance R P1The other end through 0～13 Ω adjustable resistance R P2, 168 Ω fixed value resistance R 0Be connected adjustable resistance R with the working power negative pole P4The other end through 3432 Ω fixed value resistance R aWith K 1-1Layer * connection of 1 range contact; " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure x" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of II measuring disk, the negative pole terminal is by galvanometer change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
6, a kind of potential difference meter that has three ranges to adopt slide wire discs, from the positive pole of 1.5V working power through throwing range selector K by three step discs and resistance, range transfer resistance and three cuttves three on one pair of slide wire discs 1K 1-1Layer, K 1-2Layer, K 1-3The resistance measurement network that layer is formed is to the setting resistance R of 1018 Ω NAnd the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～2 Ω P3, again through 110 Ω fixed resistance R 0, 0～13 Ω adjustable resistance R P2And 20 * 12 Ω adjustable resistance R P1The negative pole of getting back to working power is formed the work loop of potential difference meter; Standard cell E NAnodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2To setting up resistance R NAnd lockable adjustable resistance R P3Sliding contact get back to standard cell E NNegative pole is formed the standard loop of potential difference meter; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction x" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip, again through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2The equalizing network of forming potential difference meter to the negative pole terminal; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on second step disc 1Connect, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 0.22 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on the 3rd step disc, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～1.1 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 1.1 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.11 Ω, " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; Brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; The I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and is connected the II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and the II ' replacement is coiled at the 0th and connected the III ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and the 0th of III measuring disk connects II measuring disk the 10th point, and II measuring disk the 0th o'clock is through one 9.11 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through one 2231 Ω resistance R 3The back is connected with the 0th of the IV ' replacement dish slip, and the 10th of IV measuring disk slip is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; The I ' replacement dish brush is through 48.9 Ω resistance R 4Back and 30 Ω resistance r 1Be connected in parallel on potential difference meter working power positive pole, resistance r 1The other end connect range selector K 1K 1-1Layer * 1 range contact, K 1-2Layer * 1 range contact and K 1-1Layer * 10 range contacts connect K 1-3Layer * 243 Ω resistance r are passed through in 1 range contact 2With K 1-3Layer * connection of 10 range contacts, be connected on the setting resistance R after the connection again NHot end, three cuttves, three throw switch K 1-1Layer * 10 range contacts connect I measuring disk brush; 3 Ω resistance r 3Connect potential difference meter working power positive pole, resistance r 3The other end connect K 1-1Layer * 0.1 range contact, K 1-2Layer * 27 Ω resistance r are passed through in 0.1 range contact 4With K 1-1Layer * 10 range contacts connect K 1-3Layer * 0.1 range contact and K 1-3Layer * 24.03 Ω resistance r are passed through in 1 range contact 5Connect, three cuttves three are thrown range selector K 1K 1-1Layer, K 1-2Layer, K 1-3Three normally closed contact short circuits of layer; " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure x" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of III measuring disk, and the negative pole terminal is by galvanometer change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
7, a kind of potential difference meter that has three ranges to adopt slide wire discs, from the positive pole of 1.5V working power through by resistance, range transfer resistance and range selector K on three step discs and one pair of slide wire discs 1The resistance measurement network of forming is to the setting resistance R of 926 Ω NAnd the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～2 Ω P3, again through 80 Ω fixed resistance R 0, 0～11 Ω adjustable resistance R P2And 21 * 10 Ω adjustable resistance R P1Get back to the negative pole of working power and form potential difference meter work loop; Standard cell E NAnodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2To setting up resistance R NAnd lockable adjustable resistance R P3Sliding contact get back to standard cell E NNegative pole is formed the potential difference meter standard loop; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction x" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip, again through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2Form the potential difference meter equalizing network to the negative pole terminal; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 1.1 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on second step disc, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on the 3rd step disc 1Connect, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～2.2 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 2.2 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.22 Ω, " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; Brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; The I ' replacement dish brush is by 87.9 Ω resistance R 4Back and 30 Ω resistance r 1An end be connected in parallel on the potential difference meter positive source, the I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and is connected the II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, the 0th of II measuring disk connects one 22.31 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through 2099 Ω resistance R 3The back connects the III ' replacement and coils the 0th point, and the III ' replacement is coiled at the 10th and connected the IV ' replacement dish slip the 0th point, and the 10th of IV measuring disk slip is connected with the 0th of III measuring disk, and the 10th of III measuring disk is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; I measuring disk brush and 2700 Ω resistance r 3An end be connected in parallel on single-pole triple-throw (SPTT) range selector K 1* 10 range contacts, resistance r 3The other end and 270 Ω resistance r 2An end be connected in parallel on single-pole triple-throw (SPTT) range selector K 1* 1 range contact, resistance r 2Other end resistance r 1The other end connect after, through 243 Ω resistance r 4With single-pole triple-throw (SPTT) range selector K 1* 0.1 range contact connects range selector K 1Normally closed contact and the setting resistance R of 926 Ω NHot end connects; " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure x" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of II measuring disk, the negative pole terminal is by galvanometer change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
8, a kind of potential difference meter that has three ranges to adopt slide wire discs, from the positive pole of 1.5V working power through by resistance, range selector K on three step discs and one pair of slide wire discs 1On the resistor network formed of resistance to 168 Ω fixed resistance R 0, connect 0～12500 Ω adjustable resistance R again P1An end, adjustable resistance R P1Sliding contact connect 0～510 Ω adjustable resistance R P2An end, adjustable resistance R P2Sliding contact connect 0～22 Ω adjustable resistance R P3An end, adjustable resistance R P3Sliding contact and adjustable resistance R P3, adjustable resistance R P2, adjustable resistance R P1The other end be connected in parallel on the working power negative pole, form potential difference meter work loop; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 10 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 1.1 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on second step disc, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 24.2 Ω resistance R on the 3rd step disc 1Connect, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～2.2 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 2.2 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 0.22 Ω, " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; Brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; The I ' replacement dish brush connects potential difference meter working power positive pole, and the I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and connected the II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and II measuring disk the 0th o'clock is through one 22.31 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through one 2099 Ω resistance R 3The back is coiled at the 0th with the III ' replacement and is connected, and the III ' replacement is coiled at the 10th and connected the IV ' replacement dish slip the 0th point, the 10th connection of IV measuring disk slip III measuring disk the 0th point, and the 10th of III measuring disk is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; The I ' replacement dish brush is connected potential difference meter working power positive pole, and I measuring disk brush connects DPTT double-pole triple throw range selector K 1K 1-2The normally closed contact of layer, K 1-2Layer * 0.2 range contact and * 1 range contact between by 40700 Ω setting resistance R N3And 0～110 Ω adjustable resistance R P4Connect K 1-2Layer * 1 range contact and * 10 range contacts between by 9160 Ω setting resistance R N2And 0～20 Ω adjustable resistance R P5Connect K 1-2Layer * 10 range contacts and DPTT double-pole triple throw range selector K 1K 1-1Set up resistance R by 1018 Ω between the normally closed contact of layer N1And 0～2 Ω adjustable resistance R P6Connect K 1-1The normally closed contact of layer connects standard cell E NNegative pole, K 1-1Layer * 168 Ω fixed resistance R are passed through in 10 range contacts 0To the working power negative pole, K 1-1Layer * 10 range contact and K 1-1Layer * 1 range contact between by 3440 Ω fixed resistance R aConnect K 1-1Layer * 1 range contact and K 1-1Layer * 0.2 range contact between by 15300 Ω fixed resistance R bConnect standard cell E NAnodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2With K 1-2The normally closed contact of layer connects, " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure x" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of II measuring disk, the negative pole terminal is by galvanometer change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
9, a kind of potential difference meter that has four ranges to adopt slide wire discs, from the positive pole of 4.5V working power through throwing range selector K by three step discs and resistance, range transfer resistance and three cuttves four on one pair of slide wire discs 1K 1-1Layer, K 1-2Layer, K 1-3The resistance measurement network that layer is formed is to the setting resistance R of 1018 Ω NAnd the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～2 Ω P3, again through 480 Ω fixed resistance R 0, 0～40 Ω adjustable resistance R P2And 20 * 37 Ω adjustable resistance R P1Get back to the negative pole of working power and form potential difference meter work loop; Standard cell E NAnodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2To setting up resistance R NAnd lockable adjustable resistance R P3Sliding contact get back to standard cell E NNegative pole is formed the potential difference meter standard loop; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction x" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip, again through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2Form the potential difference meter equalizing network to the negative pole terminal; It is characterized in that first step disc is made up of I measuring disk that 20 * 100 Ω are respectively arranged and the I ' replacement dish, second step disc is made up of II measuring disk that 10 * 22 Ω are respectively arranged and the II ' replacement dish, and the brush of the brush of measuring disk and replacement dish is through 242 Ω resistance R on second step disc 1Connect, the 3rd step disc is made up of III measuring disk that 10 * 2.2 Ω are respectively arranged and the III ' replacement dish, the brush of measuring disk is connected through lead with the brush of replacement dish on the 3rd step disc, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～11 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 11 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 1.1 Ω, " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; Brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; The I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and is connected the II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and the II ' replacement is coiled at the 0th and connected the III ' replacement and coil the 10th point, and the 0th of III measuring disk connects II measuring disk the 10th point, and II measuring disk the 0th o'clock is through one 91.1 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through one 22310 Ω resistance R 3The back is connected with the 0th of the IV ' replacement dish slip, and the 10th of IV measuring disk slip is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; The I ' replacement dish brush is by 489 Ω resistance R 4Back and 300 Ω resistance r 1An end and 30 Ω resistance r 3An end be connected in parallel on potential difference meter working power positive pole, resistance r 1The other end connect three cuttves four and throw range selector K 1K 1-1Layer * 1 range contact, resistance r 3The other end connect three cuttves four and throw range selector K 1K 1-1Layer * 0.1 and * 0.01 range contact, I measuring disk brush connects three cuttves four and throws range selector K 1K 1-1Layer * connect K behind the 10 range contacts 1-2Layer * 1 range contact, three cuttves four are thrown range selector K 1K 1-2Layer * pass through 270 Ω resistance r between 1 range contact and * 0.1 range contact 4Connect, three cuttves four are thrown range selector K 1K 1-2Layer * pass through 27000 Ω resistance r between 0.01 range contact and * 0.1 range contact 5Connect, three cuttves four are thrown range selector K 1K 1-3Layer * pass through 0.27 Ω resistance r between 0.01 range contact and * 0.1 range contact 6Connect, three cuttves four are thrown range selector K 1K 1-3Layer * 240.03 Ω resistance r are passed through in 0.01 range contact 7Connect K 1-3The layer * 1 range contact between, three cuttves four are thrown range selector K 1K 1-3Layer * 1 range contact and K 1-3Layer * 10 range contacts between by 2430 Ω resistance r 2Connect K 1-3Layer * the setting resistance R of 10 range contacts and 1018 Ω NHot end connect, three cuttves four are thrown range selector K 1K 1-1Layer, K 1-2Layer, K 1-3Three normally closed contact short circuits of layer; " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure x" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of III measuring disk, the negative pole terminal is by galvanometer change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
10, a kind of potential difference meter that has four ranges to adopt slide wire discs, from the positive pole of 4.5V working power through by resistance, range transfer resistance and range selector K on three step discs and one pair of slide wire discs 1The resistance measurement network of forming is to the setting resistance R of 926 Ω NAnd the lockable adjustable resistance R of 0～2 Ω P3, again through 163 Ω fixed resistance R 0, 0～36 Ω adjustable resistance R P2And 19 * 34 Ω adjustable resistance R P1Get back to the negative pole of working power and form potential difference meter work loop; Standard cell E NAnodal through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2To setting up resistance R NAnd lockable adjustable resistance R P3Sliding contact get back to standard cell E NNegative pole is formed the potential difference meter standard loop; Be used to connect " the U of measuring junction x" two terminals, behind the resistor network of anodal terminal through three measuring disk, a measuring disk slip, again through being connected to the double-point double-throw switch K of galvanometer G between two normally closed contacts 2Form the potential difference meter equalizing network to the negative pole terminal; It is characterized in that first step disc is by all being that 20 * 100 Ω I measuring disk and I ' replacement dish are formed, second step disc is by all being that 10 * 11 Ω II measuring disk and II ' replacement dish are formed, be connected by lead between the brush of the brush of the measuring disk of second step disc and replacement dish, it all is III measuring disk and III ' the replacement dish composition of 10 * 22 Ω that the 3rd step disc has, and the brush of the brush of the measuring disk of the 3rd step disc and replacement dish is by 242 Ω resistance R 1Connect, the 4th dish is two slide wire discs, two slide wire resistance Standard resistance ranges all are 0～22 Ω, be that top is 0 Ω, end is 22 Ω, wherein one is IV measuring disk slip, another root is an IV ' replacement dish slip, the index dial of two slide wire discs indicates 0,1,2 ... 10 big lattice of 100 one indicating value points, every big lattice are not marked numeral equally distributed 10 little lattice, the corresponding resistance of every big lattice is 2.2 Ω, " 0 " indicating value of two slide wire disc index dials, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 0th point, top on the i.e. brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance, the index dial of two slide wire discs " 10 " indicating value, dish slip of the IV ' replacement just and IV measuring disk slip the 10th point, i.e. end on the brush of the two slide wire discs contact slide wire resistance; Brush on two slide wire resistances is with a slice sheet metal; The I ' replacement dish brush is by 879 Ω resistance R 4Back and 30 Ω resistance r 1An end be connected in parallel on the potential difference meter positive source, the I ' replacement is coiled at the 20th and is connected the II ' replacement and coil the 10th point, II measuring disk the 0th o'clock is through one 223.1 Ω resistance R 2The back is connected with the 0th of I measuring disk, and the I ' replacement coils at the 0th o'clock through one 20990 Ω resistance R 3The back is coiled at the 0th with the III ' replacement and is connected, and the III ' replacement is coiled at the 10th and connected the IV ' replacement dish slip the 0th point, the 10th connection of IV measuring disk slip III measuring disk the 0th point, and the 10th of III measuring disk is connected with the 20th of I measuring disk; I measuring disk brush and 27000 Ω resistance r 4An end be connected in parallel on hilted broadsword four and throw range selector K 1* 10 range contacts, resistance r 4The other end and 2700 Ω resistance r 3An end be connected in parallel on hilted broadsword four and throw range selector K 1* 1 range contact, resistance r 3The other end and 270 Ω resistance r 2An end connect after, through 2430 Ω resistance r 6Connect hilted broadsword four and throw range selector K 1* 0.1 range contact, resistance r 2The other end and 30 Ω resistance r 1The other end connect after, through 2697.3 Ω resistance r 5Connect hilted broadsword four and throw range selector K 1* 0.01 range contact, range selector K 1Normally closed contact and the setting resistance R of 926 Ω NHot end connects; " the U that potential difference meter is used to measure x" two terminals, anodal terminal is connected with the 10th of II measuring disk, the negative pole terminal is by galvanometer change-over switch K 2Be connected with the 0th of IV measuring disk slip.
CNU2008201636917U 2008-08-28 2008-08-28 Potential difference meter employing slide wire disk Expired - Lifetime CN201247274Y (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104101754A (en) * 2014-07-24 2014-10-15 富阳兴远仪器仪表经营部 Micro-electric potential measurement instrument
CN104198792B (en) * 2014-09-22 2017-01-18 富阳精密仪器厂 Double-arm bridge

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104101754A (en) * 2014-07-24 2014-10-15 富阳兴远仪器仪表经营部 Micro-electric potential measurement instrument
CN104198792B (en) * 2014-09-22 2017-01-18 富阳精密仪器厂 Double-arm bridge

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