CN201232620Y - Stepless air flow adjusting device of reciprocating compressor applying to explosive gas region - Google Patents
Stepless air flow adjusting device of reciprocating compressor applying to explosive gas region Download PDFInfo
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- CN201232620Y CN201232620Y CNU2008200869816U CN200820086981U CN201232620Y CN 201232620 Y CN201232620 Y CN 201232620Y CN U2008200869816 U CNU2008200869816 U CN U2008200869816U CN 200820086981 U CN200820086981 U CN 200820086981U CN 201232620 Y CN201232620 Y CN 201232620Y
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000000746 body region Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a stepless regulating device of air displacement of a reciprocating compressor, comprising an explosion proof hydraulic oil station, a hydraulic distributor, a servo motor, a reduction gear box of the servo motor, an unloader, an explosion proof control box, a sensor and a crankshaft coder and the like. The device can lead the air displacement of the large reciprocating compressor to carry out stepless and continuous regulation and simultaneously can lead the power consumption of the compressor to be reduced with the reduction of the air displacement. In the process of operation of the compressor, the distributor keeps 1/2 of rotating speed strictly all the time and rotates with the reciprocating compressor synchronously; and high-pressure hydraulic oil input from an oil station generates a periodic pressure pulse wave after the effect of the hydraulic distributor. The periodic time span is same as the rotating period of the compressor; the starting point of each period is before the compression stroke of the reciprocating compressor and the pressure action time and the pressure pulse width are adjustable. The regulating device adopts an explosion proof design and can be applied to the reciprocating compressor which is used in the explosive gas areas (explosive-proof grade: EExd II CT4).
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the fluid varactor machine of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston, especially relates to a kind of reciprocating compressor stepless air volume regulating device that is applied to the fiery gas body region.
Background technique
At petroleum chemical industry, carry in the gas compression occasion of low-weight gases, high compression ratio, reciprocal compressor is that the compressor of other type is irreplaceable because of itself intrinsic characteristic.Be directed to the immutableness of technology large reciprocating compressor air displacement in service, need that it is increased by a cover air displacement stepless continuous regulating system and make it to adapt to the actual conditions variation, and guarantee the smooth running of its technological process.
At present about the publicity of the existing number cover of the stepless regulating system of reciprocal compressor air displacement.American documentation literature US4775299, US6641371B2 have illustrated by the clearance volume that changes cylinder and have regulated air displacement.Size by artificial control clearance pocket makes the air displacement of compressor stepless adjustable.Compare with the air volume regulating device that backs down suction valve, this kind device can be applicable to the air displacement of high speed compressor and regulates, but since clearance pocket volume cylinder body long-pending be limited, the compression ratio of air displacement regulation range and adaptation is quite limited.
Other has disclosed device among the american documentation literature US5833209A.This device realizes that the principle that tolerance is regulated is that partial journey backs down suction valve.Partial journey backs down the suction valve Principles of Regulation as shown in Figure 1, does not regulate that pv diagram is a-b-c-d under the operating mode.Back down the time increase with suction valve, gas backstreaming is many more, and residue has been reached stepless minimizing compressor air-discharging amount purpose by the few more a-e of the gas of compressor-f-c-d.For the device of reporting in the patent, pressure pulse wave produces and realizes by the HF switch solenoid valve.For this reason, must back down mechanism to electromagnetic valve vigour part and suction valve and be combined as an one-piece element so that satisfy the requirement of explosion proof of industry spot.For common 300 rev/mins compressor, the switch motion of high-frequency electromagnetic valve reached more than 1.7 * 108 times in 1 year, and for guaranteeing that compressor moves continuously, just the fatigue reliability to the solenoid valve material has proposed very high requirement.Simultaneously the off-load parts back down the periodicity judder that suction valve causes and also the antivibration design of internal circuit have been proposed very high request.Adopt the telecontrol that realizes of RS485 interface to increase the possibility that signal is subjected to external disturbance, the distant signal transmission is especially to piston stop signal TDC influence greatly.Other has chemical machinery research institute of Zhejiang University with domestic oil refinery cooperation, has researched and developed successfully 50-100% air displacement stepless regulating system in advance, and successful commercial Application.Controlling device has adopted the air film head as actuator, and constant force of effect is backed down suction valve on the suction valve valve block, by the next passive suction valve of closing of the variation of reflux gas power, thereby regulates air displacement.If reach maximum in reflux gas power, be piston in the cylinder neutral position, during corresponding to 50% air displacement, gas force does not also reach closes the required active force of suction valve, then suction valve is that total travel is backed down, and therefore device can not be realized the step-less adjustment that 50% air displacement is following.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of reciprocating compressor stepless air volume regulating device that is applied to the fiery gas body region, act on the unloader by pressure distributor delivery pressure Pulse wave, back down suction valve and realized the step-less adjustment of 10～100% air displacemenies, and its power consumption is descended with the air displacement reduction.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
The utility model comprises explosive-proof hydraulic oil station, two identical pressure distributors of above structure, is contained in two unloader, explosion-proof control box, piston dead center sensor and bent axle encoders on the above compresser cylinder; One end of each pressure distributor is equipped with the synchronous servo motor that links to each other with the synchronous servo motor speed reducer, the other end of pressure distributor is equipped with and regulates the adjusting actuating motor that the actuating motor speed reducer links to each other, the high-pressure and hydraulic oil of explosive-proof hydraulic oil station output enters the pressure distributor oil inlet hole, flow out from two oil outlets of pressure distributor again, oil inlet hole with two above unloaders links to each other respectively, two spill ports of pressure distributor link to each other with the dump pump at explosive-proof hydraulic oil station, be installed on the distributor dead center sensor of synchronous servo motor end, be installed on the distributor of regulating the actuating motor end and regulate limit sensors, be installed on piston dead center sensor and bent axle encoder on the compressor electric motor flywheel, and the actuating motor guide line all inserts explosion-proof control box, and the unloader oil leaking hole links to each other with dump pump.
Described unloader links to each other by the pressure fork that backs down suction valve of the unloader oil hydraulic cylinder on top and bottom and by depression bar, wherein the connecting head of upper hydraulic cylinder is installed in compressor suction valve valve gap, both are by the sealing seal with flat gasket, the other end of connecting head with the unloader oil hydraulic cylinder by bolt, hydraulic cylinder piston is installed in cylinder interior and links to each other with depression bar, the unloader oil hydraulic cylinder presses fork to be installed on the suction valve by pressing the fork inner spring to link to each other and can move up and down with respect to suction valve with suction valve by the sealing of two sealing O type circles.
Described explosion-proof control box comprises transformer, solid-state relay, PLC, servomotor controller, switch power, wiring terminal; The piston dead center sensor of coming in the outside, the bent axle encoder, oil station liquid level sensor, oil station temperature transducer, oil station pressure transducer, the distributor dead center sensor, the distributor limit sensors links to each other with PLC through wiring terminal again, the synchronous servo motor guide line, regulating the actuating motor guide line links to each other with servomotor controller through wiring terminal, servomotor controller links to each other with PLC again, solid-state relay links to each other with PLC and joins with wiring terminal, switch power is given each module for power supply of PLC, transformer is then to the servomotor controller power supply, and PLC is linked to each other through wiring terminal by communication cable with upper-position unit or DCS.
Described pressure distributor number is determined by compressor progression.
The beneficial effect that the utlity model has is:
This device backs down the step-less adjustment that suction valve has been realized 10～100% air displacemenies by unloader, its power consumption is reduced with air displacement descend.Classification with respect to original reciprocal compressor air displacement is interrupted adjusting, and this device has been realized reciprocal compressor air displacement all-range step-less adjustment; As air displacement stepless regulating systems such as backflows, this device has been realized the energy-conserving and environment-protective operation of reciprocal compressor with respect to other.The reciprocal compressor that is applied to industries such as petrochemical industry and coal generally all is the compression explosive gas.This has all proposed requirement of explosion to the electric unit that comprises oil station, each sensing components and parts, control box.Therefore whole device has all reached application and the above explosive-proof grade standard of explosive gas area E Exd II CT4.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 backs down suction valve adjustment process pv diagram.
Fig. 2 is that typical reciprocal compressor air displacement stepless regulator constitutes.
Fig. 3 is each components and parts connection diagram in the control box.
Fig. 4 is the unloader structure principle chart.
Fig. 5 is a synchronous servo motor control block diagram.
Fig. 6 regulates actuating motor control block diagram.
Among the figure: 1, the piston dead center sensor, 2, the bent axle encoder, 3, compresser cylinder, 4, unloader, 5, compressor electric motor, 6, regulate actuating motor, 7, distributor is regulated limit sensors, 8, pressure distributor, 9, the distributor dead center sensor, 10, the synchronous servo motor speed reducer, 11, synchronous servo motor, 12, regulate the actuating motor speed reducer, 13, oil station liquid level sensor, 14, oil station temperature transducer, 15, oil station pressure transducer, 16, explosive-proof hydraulic oil station, 17, explosion-proof control box, 18, upper-position unit or DCS communication cable, 19, solid-state relay, 20, PLC, 21, servomotor controller, 22, wiring terminal, 23, transformer, 24, switch power, 25, the unloader oil hydraulic cylinder, 26, hydraulic cylinder piston, 27, sealing O type circle, 28, connecting head, 29, sealing O type circle, 30, the sealing flat gasket, 31, compressor suction valve valve gap, 32, depression bar, 33, press fork, 34, press the fork inner spring, 35, suction valve.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 2, the utility model comprises 16, two the identical pressure distributors 8 of above structure in explosive-proof hydraulic oil station, is contained in two unloader 4, explosion-proof control box 17, piston dead center sensor 1 and bent axle encoders 2 on the above compresser cylinder; One end of each pressure distributor 8 is equipped with the synchronous servo motor 11 that links to each other with synchronous servo motor speed reducer 10, the other end of pressure distributor 8 is equipped with and regulates the adjusting actuating motor 6 that actuating motor speed reducer 12 links to each other, the high-pressure and hydraulic oil of explosive-proof hydraulic oil station 16 outputs enters pressure distributor 8 oil inlet holes, flow out from 8 two oil outlets of pressure distributor again, oil inlet hole with two above unloaders 4 links to each other respectively, two spill ports of pressure distributor 8 link to each other with the dump pump at explosive-proof hydraulic oil station 16, be installed on the distributor dead center sensor 9 of synchronous servo motor 11 ends, be installed on the distributor of regulating actuating motor 6 ends and regulate limit sensors 7, be installed on piston dead center sensor 1 and bent axle encoder 2 on compressor electric motor 5 flywheels, and the actuating motor guide line all inserts explosion-proof control box 17, and unloader 4 oil leaking holes link to each other with dump pump.Described pressure distributor number is by the decision of compressor progression, and double acting compressor is installed a unloader for every grade at least.
The high-pressure and hydraulic oil of explosive-proof hydraulic oil station 17 outputs are regulated the back through pressure distributor 8 and are exported one-period duration and at one-period internal pressure all adjustable fluid pressure Pulse wave action time, this Pulse wave acts on the piston in the unloader oil hydraulic cylinder, promote coupled suction valve and press fork, before compression stroke begins, back down at least one suction valve, make the portion gas that has originally sucked cylinder under the effect of compressor piston, be back in the air-inlet cavity again.Unloader 4 internal pressure removals when residual gas satisfies the air displacement requirement in cylinder, suction valve cuts out, and residual gas then is compressed in the cylinder.Thisly can artificially control the actual all-range step-less adjustment that what tolerance regulative mode of gas flow has been realized reciprocating type compression exhaust amount that is compressed.
The unloader structural representation as shown in Figure 4, its structure comprises that the suction valve that backs down of the oil hydraulic cylinder on top and bottom presses fork 33.Wherein, upper hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the suction valve valve gap 31, and it comprises cylinder body 25, piston 26, connecting head 28, sealing O type circle 27,29, sealing flat gasket 30 etc.In the oil inlet hole input hydraulic cylinder of unloader top, this hydraulic pressure backs down masterpiece and is used for piston 26 high pressure oil of pressure distributor 8 outputs through oil pipe, promotes to press fork 33 to back down suction valve 35 by depression bar 32.After hydraulic pressure backed down the power removal, suction valve 35 gas force in cylinder was pitched under the inner spring 34 spring force effects with pressing, and upwards promotes pressure fork 33, and suction valve also cuts out thereupon.
The realization of electric part comprises PLC 20, synchronous servo motor 11, adjusting actuating motor 6, bent axle encoder 2, piston dead center sensor 1, distributor dead center sensor 9, distributor adjusting limit sensors 7, servomotor controller 21, solid-state relay 19, wiring terminal 22, switch power 24, oil station liquid level sensor 13, oil station temperature transducer 14, oil station pressure transducer 15 etc.Each components and parts connection diagram is not expressed parts such as sensor mounting point etc. and is then seen shown in Figure 2 as shown in Figure 3 in the explosion-proof control box 17 among the figure.
Piston dead center sensor 1 and bent axle encoder 2 are installed on the flywheel of compressor electric motor 5, and the rotational speed pulse signal of piston stop signal and crankshaft rotating is provided, and these two signals are as among the synchronous control signal input PLC 20.PLC 20 is cores of control unit, provides analog amount or high-speed pulse signal and drives servomotor controller 21, drives synchronous servo motor 6 actions, keeps rotating speed and the phase lock of pressure distributor 8 with respect to compressor electric motor 5.For this reason, PLC 20 has adopted following controlling schemes, and control flow chart is seen accompanying drawing 5.With the piston stop as start-phase, with the departure of encoder pulse number as both PID control.In PLC 20 initialization procedures, earlier to synchronous servo motor 6 initialization, guaranteeing pressure distributor 8 phase places at initial position, this position is not held, before compression stroke begins, generally is taken as dead-center position of piston corresponding to the compressor air suction stroke.In system's running, exist compressor and the nonsynchronous situation of distributor phase place to have: compressor electric motor 5 arrives first piston stop (compressor rotary speed is fast) or pressure distributor 8 arrives first piston stop (the pressure distributor rotating speed is fast).Arrive first the piston stop for compressor electric motor 5, program is then when pressure distributor 8 arrives stop, calculate the angle (encoder pulse number) that turn over compressor electric motor 5 stop pulse signals this moment relatively, carry out PID and calculate, send control signal after the correction at last to servomotor controller 21.Arrive first stop for pressure distributor 8, program is then when compressor electric motor 5 arrives stop, judge that this moment compressor electric motor 5 with respect to the angle that pressure distributor stop pulse signal turns over, carries out PID and calculates, the control signal of sending at last after the correction is given servomotor controller 21.Multistage compressor carry out tolerance when regulating, for fear of sending a plurality of synchronization pulses and cause phase mutual interference between signal at synchronization pressure distributors 8 at different levels, and then influencing PLC 20 feedback control precision, 8 of each pressure distributors should be preset a minimum umber of pulse deviation (differential seat angle).Simultaneously, pressure distributor 8 and compressor electric motor 5 rotating speeds differ should be not excessive, because the PID computing only can guarantee convergence in 10% margin of error.For the relative pressure hysteresis that exports with pressure distributor 8 of the unloader pressure that causes because of pipeline, elbow and pressure distributor 8 internal structures, must be by the phase place advancement amount of pressure distributor 8 stops with respect to compressor electric motor 5 stops rationally be set, the phase place of pressure distributor 8 delivery pressure ripples is shifted to an earlier date, could before compression stroke begins, back down suction valve.
This system adopts the 380V power supply, and then employing is through the 80V threephase AC of transformer 23 outputs for servomotor controller 21, and 24 of switch poweies are 220V two-phase Alternating Current Power Supply.System has adopted explosion-proof mobile hydraulic oil unit 16, and pressure distributors at different levels 8 are realized independent fuel feeding and accumulator is set separately, simultaneously the leakage of oil of the oil return of pressure distributor 8 and unloader 4 is put together, and one reinstates that dump pump is concentrated to be drawn back.The state at explosive-proof hydraulic oil station 16 is by oil station liquid level sensor 13, oil station temperature transducer 14, pressure transducer 15 monitoring of oil station, and offers PLC 20 as the system alarm signal, realizes the interlocking of reporting to the police.
Patent of invention " a kind of method and the device " application number that the utility model has adopted the applicant to apply for 2006 month December 22: the core component pressure distributor in 200610155395.8 based on time control lifting piston compressor air inlet valve.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of reciprocating compressor stepless air volume regulating device that is applied to the fiery gas body region is characterized in that: comprise explosive-proof hydraulic oil station (16), two identical pressure distributors of above structure (8), be contained in two unloader (4), explosion-proof control box (17), piston dead center sensor (1) and bent axle encoders (2) on the above compresser cylinder; One end of each pressure distributor (8) is equipped with the synchronous servo motor (11) that links to each other with synchronous servo motor speed reducer (10), the other end of pressure distributor (8) is equipped with and regulates the adjusting actuating motor (6) that actuating motor speed reducer (12) links to each other, the high-pressure and hydraulic oil of explosive-proof hydraulic oil station (16) output enters pressure distributor (8) oil inlet hole, flow out from (8) two oil outlets of pressure distributor again, oil inlet hole with two above unloaders (4) links to each other respectively, two spill ports of pressure distributor (8) link to each other with the dump pump at explosive-proof hydraulic oil station (16), be installed on the distributor dead center sensor (9) of synchronous servo motor (11) end, be installed on the distributor of regulating actuating motor (6) end and regulate limit sensors (7), be installed on piston dead center sensor (1) and bent axle encoder (2) on compressor electric motor (5) flywheel, and the actuating motor guide line all inserts explosion-proof control box (17), and unloader (4) oil leaking hole links to each other with dump pump.
2, a kind of reciprocating compressor stepless air volume regulating device that is applied to the fiery gas body region according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described unloader (4) links to each other by the pressure fork (33) that backs down suction valve (35) of the unloader oil hydraulic cylinder (25) on top and bottom and by depression bar (32), wherein the connecting head of upper hydraulic cylinder (28) is installed on the compressor suction valve valve gap (31), both are by sealing flat gasket (30) sealing, the other end of connecting head (28) with unloader oil hydraulic cylinder (25) by bolt, hydraulic cylinder piston (26) is installed in the same depression bar of cylinder interior (32) and links to each other, unloader oil hydraulic cylinder (25) is by two sealing O type circles (27,29) sealing is pressed fork (33) to be installed in suction valve (35) and is gone up by pressing the fork same suction valve of inner spring (34) (35) to link to each other and can move up and down with respect to suction valve (35).
3, a kind of reciprocating compressor stepless air volume regulating device that is applied to the fiery gas body region according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described explosion-proof control box (17) comprises transformer (23), solid-state relay (19), PLC (20), servomotor controller (21), switch power (24), wiring terminal (22); The piston dead center sensor of coming in the outside (1), bent axle encoder (2), oil station liquid level sensor (13), oil station temperature transducer (14), oil station pressure transducer (15), distributor dead center sensor (9), distributor limit sensors (7) links to each other with PLC (20) through wiring terminal (22) again, synchronous servo motor (6) guide line, regulating actuating motor (11) guide line links to each other with servomotor controller (21) through wiring terminal (22), servomotor controller (21) links to each other with PLC (20) again, the same PLC of solid-state relay (19) (20) link to each other and join (22) with wiring terminal, switch power (24) is given each module for power supply of PLC (20), transformer (23) is then given servomotor controller (21) power supply, and PLC (20) is linked to each other through wiring terminal (22) by communication cable (18) with upper-position unit or DCS.
4, a kind of reciprocating compressor stepless air volume regulating device that is applied to the fiery gas body region according to claim 1 is characterized in that described pressure distributor (8) number is determined by compressor progression.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200869816U CN201232620Y (en) | 2008-05-07 | 2008-05-07 | Stepless air flow adjusting device of reciprocating compressor applying to explosive gas region |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200869816U CN201232620Y (en) | 2008-05-07 | 2008-05-07 | Stepless air flow adjusting device of reciprocating compressor applying to explosive gas region |
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| CN201232620Y true CN201232620Y (en) | 2009-05-06 |
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| CNU2008200869816U Expired - Lifetime CN201232620Y (en) | 2008-05-07 | 2008-05-07 | Stepless air flow adjusting device of reciprocating compressor applying to explosive gas region |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103244399A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-08-14 | 西安交通大学 | Stepless gas-volume adjusting method and device for large-scale reciprocating compressor |
| CN103291596A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-09-11 | 合肥通用机械研究院 | Compressor flow control system based on clearance is adjusted |
| CN105570098A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-05-11 | 上海空间推进研究所 | Small airborne hydraulic air compressor for aviation |
| CN105781957A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-07-20 | 山东易阳石化节能装备有限公司 | Multifunctional leakage monitoring system of executing mechanisms of compressor and clearance air flow regulation system |
| CN109026642A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-18 | 四川美丰化工股份有限公司 | Reciprocating compressor flow control method based on temperature and admission pressure |
-
2008
- 2008-05-07 CN CNU2008200869816U patent/CN201232620Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103244399A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-08-14 | 西安交通大学 | Stepless gas-volume adjusting method and device for large-scale reciprocating compressor |
| CN103244399B (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2015-05-20 | 台州环天机械有限公司 | Stepless gas-volume adjusting method and device for large-scale reciprocating compressor |
| CN103291596A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-09-11 | 合肥通用机械研究院 | Compressor flow control system based on clearance is adjusted |
| CN103291596B (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2016-02-10 | 合肥通用机械研究院 | Compressor flow control system based on clearance is adjusted |
| CN105570098A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-05-11 | 上海空间推进研究所 | Small airborne hydraulic air compressor for aviation |
| CN105570098B (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-08-01 | 上海空间推进研究所 | A kind of aviation is with airborne small-sized hydraulic compressor |
| CN105781957A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-07-20 | 山东易阳石化节能装备有限公司 | Multifunctional leakage monitoring system of executing mechanisms of compressor and clearance air flow regulation system |
| CN109026642A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-18 | 四川美丰化工股份有限公司 | Reciprocating compressor flow control method based on temperature and admission pressure |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
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Granted publication date: 20090506 |