CN201214117Y - Gradually forming pressure head of slab with controllable pressure and forming apparatus thereof - Google Patents

Gradually forming pressure head of slab with controllable pressure and forming apparatus thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201214117Y
CN201214117Y CNU2008200376999U CN200820037699U CN201214117Y CN 201214117 Y CN201214117 Y CN 201214117Y CN U2008200376999 U CNU2008200376999 U CN U2008200376999U CN 200820037699 U CN200820037699 U CN 200820037699U CN 201214117 Y CN201214117 Y CN 201214117Y
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China
Prior art keywords
pressure
forming
shaping
bulb
pressure head
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Expired - Lifetime
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CNU2008200376999U
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Chinese (zh)
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周晚林
刘丹成
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a plate progressive forming squeeze with adjustable pressure, which comprises a forming squeeze cylinder, wherein a forming motor is fixed on the upper end of the cylindrical forming squeeze cylinder; a forming bulb is movably arranged on the lower end of the forming squeeze cylinder through a bulb holder, and is provided with an overhung spherical crown part extending out of the lower end of the forming squeeze cylinder; a pressure sensor and a transmission pair consisting of a screw rod and a nut in sequence from the top to the bottom are arranged in a cavity of the forming squeeze cylinder; the pressure sensor is arranged between an upper liner plate and a lower liner plate; the screw rod is connected with an output shaft of the forming motor; the nut is supported on the upper liner plate; and a bulb spring is supported between the lower liner plate and the bulb holder. The plate progressive forming squeeze with adjustable pressure manufactures a shell component with required shape through layered progressive forming according to the principle of 'layered manufacture', has the characteristics of high processing precision, excellent surface quality, accurate and stable forming, adjustable control of pressure and the like, and can be widely applied to forming manufacture of various complicated curve shapes, and trial-produce of sheet metal components on a small batch basis.

Description

Pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head and building mortion thereof
Technical field
The utility model relates to the shaping processing of sheet metal, relates in particular to be used to process the various complex-curved shapes that have, as the former of housing such as automobile, aviation aircraft and sheet metal component thereof.
Background technology
In the global according to statistics steel, have 60%-70% be sheet material, wherein major part is made into finished product through drawing.In fact, in modern manufacturing industry, no matter be body of a motor car, aviation aircraft housing, still in products such as household electrical appliance and household utensil, all there are a large amount of punch forming parts in various instrument and meters, office machinery.At present these have the sheet material forming spare of various curve forms, are that depended on pressure machine and mould are exerted pressure to sheet material, band or section bar etc. mostly, make it to produce plastic deformation and the shaping sheet metal component that obtains required form and size.Though this existing punch forming processing method has the advantage that saving of labor, material-saving, production efficiency height and stamping press are convenient to control, but also exist some shortcomings: at first be that die manufacturing cost height, fabrication cycle are long, therefore be only applicable to large-scale mass production, and small lot or trial-production part are just seemed very uneconomical, especially very unfavorable to the development and the exploitation of new product; Next is that this stamping forming range of work also is subjected to certain restriction, the sheet metal component in fields such as modern auto manufacturing, aerospace just increases towards the parts that structure is complicated day by day, precision improves day by day, block size increases, be associated, make the manufacture difficulty of mould strengthen day by day, so that be difficult to make high-precision desirable mould; Moreover for pressing equipment with cylinder staking punch, because the punching press active force vertically downward always, this is for curve surface of workpiece or inclined plane, staking punch certainly leads to one along the tangential tangential component of punching press point, this tangential component certainly leads to the tangential tearing to workpiece again, and the pulling open with wrinkling of workpiece occur; This press-processing method of while, its part curvature radius is subjected to the restriction of staking punch radius, otherwise can directly influence the shape and size precision of workpiece.
For this reason, people develop a kind of electro-magnetic forming technology of utilizing hot-wire coil to produce electromagnetic force, this technological equipment is set up magnetic field in the number microsecond, make the metal works material that especially conductance is strong generate electric current, magnetic field and induced current and the magnetic field of inducting thereof produce enormous function power each other, when the surge value reaches the yield strength of workpiece material, workpiece will produce plastic deformation.Electromagnetic forming technique is a kind of noncontact forming technology, and it has, and shaping dies is simple, equipment interoperability strong, be convenient to realize the advantage of control automatically.Chinese patent " multifunctional numerical control molding machine " patent No. 00230779.0 reaches " sheet material moving-coil electromagnetism progressive molding device " patent No. 200620095508.5, all discloses the former of this application electro-magnetic forming principle.But still there is following shortcoming in this class manufacturing process: the one, and forming pressure effect instability, the influence that forming pressure is changed by electromagnetism pressure head and workpiece gap is fairly obvious, the increase in gap can cause stamping press to be die-offed, thereby makes work piece can not form required curve form exactly; Simultaneously coil plane also must be parallel to workpiece, otherwise can form pressure instability equally and be difficult to obtain required workpiece shape; The 2nd, forming pressure is difficult for regulating control, the stamping press direction of electromagnetic pressure is divergent shape in punching press active position certain limit, the stamping press of this divergent shape also is difficult to realize the followability adjusting by the control of computer, is unfavorable for the quantitative Accurate Shaping to workpiece to be machined.In addition, the stamping press of electromagnetism pressure head also is associated with the conductance of machined material, and the scope of application of this electro-magnetic forming technology is restricted.
The utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head, and it is not only applicable to the shaping processing of various complex-curved workpiece, and machining accuracy and surface quality are excellent, and accurately quantitatively are shaped, the control of adjustable in pressure joint.In addition, another technical problem that will solve of the utility model is that a kind of building mortion with this progressive molding pressure head also will be provided.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head of the present utility model comprises the contour squeeze cylindrical shell, is installed with forming motor in the upper end of described tubular contour squeeze cylindrical shell; The shaping bulb is equipped with versatilely by ball cup in the lower end of contour squeeze cylindrical shell, and this shaping bulb has the overhanging spherical crown portion of stretching out contour squeeze cylindrical shell lower end; Transmission and the pressure sensor of being made up of leading screw and nut is housed from top to bottom successively, between this pressure sensor position upper padding plate and the lower bolster in the inner chamber of described contour squeeze cylindrical shell; Leading screw is connected with the forming motor output shaft, and nut support is on upper padding plate; Between lower bolster and ball cup, be supported with the bulb spring.
After adopting technique scheme, owing to the shaping bulb is movably arranged in the lower end of contour squeeze cylindrical shell, contour squeeze carries out pressure forming by activity shaping bulb to sheet material, the curve form of complexity can be separated into some sectional layers along short transverse so on the one hand, promptly resolve into a series of contour layer, the machining locus motion of contour squeeze on the contour aspect of computer control lower edge, successively face ground sheet material is carried out plastic working progressively with this, promptly implement the method that many sequential local plastics shapings are accumulated as predetermined large deformation by contour squeeze, sheet material is processed into the shell workpiece identical with the three-dimensional digital model shape progressively, this has not only satisfied the processing of various complex-curved shapes, and is applicable to the shaping processing of small lot or trial-production part; Huo Dong shaping bulb on the other hand, also eliminated in the shaping course of exerting pressure effectively, contour squeeze is at the tangential component that compression point produced, and produces the component of effective plastic deformation and only workpiece is imposed one, avoided because of the caused workpiece of the tangential component of exerting pressure wrinkling with pull open.Be supported on the bulb spring by ball cup owing to the shaping bulb again, reason such as in the variable angle of workpiece machined surface and contour squeeze centreline space and process, vibrate, and cause when variation is exerted pressure in shaping, the bulb spring pass through its energy storage and shock-absorbing effect, reaching the stable formation bulb exerts pressure, produces the shaping that is similar to static pressure and exert pressure, help improving the dimensional accuracy and the surface quality of workpiece, other prior aries that can be shaped the workpiece that can't be shaped.Also owing in the tube chamber of shaping cylindrical shell, pressure sensor is housed, pressure sensor is the active force of exerting pressure of perception shaping bulb accurately, control action by computer, in time adjust and control shaping bulb active force, like this can be according to the variation of complex-curved shape, the difference of each several part percentage elongation, and the size of adjustment forming pressure, overcome that can not to regulate and control the metal sheet forming spare that causes easily wrinkling because of the pressure size and Orientation, fracture phenomena, also more help simultaneously the computer numerical control (CNC) management in the whole shaping process, realize the accurate control and the automatic management that are shaped and process.The screw pair that the shaping application of force of progressive molding pressure head adopts forming motor to drive can not only accurately be exerted pressure and accurately location self-locking by forming motor, and have the steady shock-free characteristics of exerting pressure simple in structure under computer control.
A kind of preferred implementation of the present utility model, the ratio r/R=0.4-0.8 of the radius r of described shaping bulb and workpiece minimum profile curvature radius R.When work piece has complex-curved shape, shaping bulb radius is strict controlled in the ratio range relevant with the part curvature radius, be more conducive to carry out local trickle shaping to complex-curved, the realization accurate quantification is shaped, the forming accuracy height, the interference of avoid being shaped ball size and workpiece local size.
Another preferred implementation of the present utility model, described shaping bulb radius r=5mm-10mm.When work piece was straight member, control shaping ball size helped improving the pressure that the shaping bulb is exerted pressure in shaping, reduces to exert pressure, and improves the shaping precision.
Another preferred implementation of the present utility model, described shaping bulb places on the ball cup rotationally by ball.This structure becomes rolling friction with the sliding friction of shaping bulb and ball cup, has improved the flexibility of shaping bulb, the appearance of the tangential component of exerting pressure in the processing of more avoiding effectively exerting pressure.
In addition, the utility model also provides a kind of adjustable in pressure control sheet material progressive molding device, and this building mortion comprises the frame that can realize three-dimensional motion, and pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head of the present utility model is installed on described frame.
The utility model provides a kind of adjustable in pressure control sheet material progressive molding device again, and this building mortion comprises fixed frame, and pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head of the present utility model is installed on described fixed frame.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described in further detail;
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head.
Number in the figure: 1-shaping bulb, 2-ball, 3-ball cup, 4-bulb spring, 5-lower bolster, 6-pressure sensor, 7-upper padding plate, 8-connecting cylinder, 9-contour squeeze cylindrical shell, 10-nut, 11-leading screw, 12-shaft coupling, 13-forming motor, 14-motor cabinet, 15-computer control.
The specific embodiment
Pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head as shown in Figure 1, be in the contour squeeze cylindrical shell 9 of tubular structure and have the stairstepping inner chamber, be fixedly connected with motor cabinet 14 in the upper end of contour squeeze cylindrical shell 9, forming motor 13 is fixedly installed in the motor cabinet 14, and forming motor 13 is servomotor or stepper motor.In the cavity of the lower end of contour squeeze cylindrical shell 9, shaping bulb 1 is housed by ball cup 3, between shaping bulb 1 and ball cup 3, be supported with plurality of balls 2, make shaping bulb 1 to rotate in the lower end cavity of ball cup 3 and contour squeeze cylindrical shell 9, the out course bizet of shaping bulb 1 stretches out chamber, the lower end wall of contour squeeze cylindrical shell 1.
The transmission of being made up of leading screw 11 and nut 10 is housed in the inner chamber of contour squeeze cylindrical shell 9 from top to bottom successively, and pressure sensor 6, the upper and lower both sides of pressure sensor 6 are lined with upper padding plate 7 and lower bolster 5 respectively, be supported with bulb spring 4 between lower bolster 5 and ball cup 3, this bulb spring 4 adopts the cylindrically coiled spring structure.Leading screw 11 in the feed screw nut transmission directly is connected by the output shaft of shaft coupling 12 with forming motor 13, and shaft coupling 12 is a positive coupling, can certainly adopt other shaft couplings commonly used; Nut 10 is one to have the tabular nut of the screw that matches with leading screw 11, and this nut 10 is fixedly installed on the upper padding plate 7 by connecting cylinder 8, and the connecting cylinder 8 that is tubular structure equally is positioned at the position of center line of this progressive molding pressure head, and its center has cavity.The lower end of leading screw 11 is stretched in the cavity of this connecting cylinder 8, and the length of this cavity is enough to guarantee that nut 10 moves vertically.Pressure sensor 6 adopts resistance strain type pressure sensor, and this pressure sensor 6 can also be the pressure sensor of pressure resistance type or inductance pressure transducer and other corresponding construction forms thereof.
The radius of sphericity of shaping bulb 1 and the curve form of workpiece have relevance.When work piece includes complicated curve form, its minimum radius of curvature is R in this complex-curved shape, the ratio r/R of bulb 1 radius r that then is shaped and described workpiece minimum profile curvature radius R should select between 0.4-0.8, select by analysis a large amount of experimental datas, when r/R=0.4-0.8, the progressive molding pressure head has comparatively desirable processing characteristics, and its work piece also has high dimension precision and surface quality.When work piece only has flat face, it is more suitable that the bulb radius r of the bulb 1 that then is shaped should be chosen between 5mn-10mn.
The progressive molding pressure head is worked under the control of computer control 15, and forming motor 13 in the progressive molding pressure head and pressure sensor 6 all are electrically connected mutually with computer control 15.During work, form the mathematical model that has many sectional layers along short transverse according to the threedimensional model slicing delamination with intending workpiece, as to set interlamellar spacing be Δ h, with the work piece top is the amount of spin of controlling forming motor 13 zero point, forming motor 13 can be crossed screw pair and press down shaping bulb 11, make the sheet material of shaping bulb 1 below press the next pit of Δ h that highly is, move along this layer contour contour with postforming bulb 1, finish the shaping processing of the machining locus on the first contour aspect that sets, up to shaping bulb 1 by this layer contour starting point of going around.The bulb 1 that then is shaped presses down once more, makes sheet material be depressed second highly still for the height of Δ h and repeat said process, by that analogy, and until the shaping of finishing whole aspects.In this process, pressure sensor 6 passes to computer control 15 with the information such as the size of exerting pressure of progressive molding pressure head, computer control 15 control forming motor 13, and forming motor 13 drives the adjustment that screw pair is carried out the application of force.
In a kind of progressive molding device with above-mentioned pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head, this progressive molding pressure head is fixedly installed on the frame of common three-axis numerical control formation system, on the End Milling Process lathe as three-shaft linkage, this frame can realize three-dimensional motion, the three-dimensional motion of frame is subjected to the control of computer control equally, so that the progressive molding pressure head is finished moving of X, Y, three directions of Z with frame.Work piece then is fixed on the stationary work-table.
Have in the progressive molding device of pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head at another kind, this progressive molding pressure head is fixedly installed on the fixing frame, is added on the workbench that part then is fixedly mounted on three-shaft linkage.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head comprises contour squeeze cylindrical shell (9), it is characterized in that: be installed with forming motor (13) in the upper end of described tubular contour squeeze cylindrical shell (9); Shaping bulb (1) is equipped with versatilely by ball cup (3) in the lower end of contour squeeze cylindrical shell (9), and this shaping bulb (1) has the overhanging spherical crown portion of stretching out contour squeeze cylindrical shell (1) lower end; Transmission and the pressure sensor (6) be made up of leading screw (11) and nut (10) are housed from top to bottom successively, between this pressure sensor (6) position upper padding plate (7) and the lower bolster (5) in the inner chamber of described contour squeeze cylindrical shell (9); Leading screw (11) is connected with forming motor (13) output shaft, and nut (10) is supported on the upper padding plate (7); Between lower bolster (5) and ball cup (3), be supported with bulb spring (4).
2, pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the ratio r/R=0.4-0.8 of the radius r of described shaping bulb (1) and workpiece minimum profile curvature radius R.
3, pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described shaping bulb (1) radius r=5mm-10mm.
4, pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described forming motor (13) is servomotor or stepper motor, its output shaft is connected with leading screw (11) by shaft coupling (12), and forming motor (13) is fixedly mounted on contour squeeze cylindrical shell (9) upper end by motor cabinet (14).
5, pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described nut (10) is fixedly installed on the upper padding plate (7) by connecting cylinder (8), and the lower end of leading screw (11) is stretched in the cavity of this connecting cylinder (8).
6, pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described shaping bulb (1) can place on the ball cup (3) rotationally by ball (2).
7, pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pressure sensor (6) is a resistance strain type pressure sensor.
8, pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pressure sensor (6) is pressure resistance type or inductance pressure transducer.
9, a kind of adjustable in pressure control sheet material progressive molding device comprises the frame that can realize three-dimensional motion, it is characterized in that: be equipped with on described frame as the described pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head of one of claim 1-8.
10, a kind of adjustable in pressure control sheet material progressive molding device comprises fixed frame, it is characterized in that: be equipped with on described fixed frame as the described pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head of one of claim 1-8.
CNU2008200376999U 2008-06-30 2008-06-30 Gradually forming pressure head of slab with controllable pressure and forming apparatus thereof Expired - Lifetime CN201214117Y (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101306451B (en) * 2008-06-30 2010-06-02 南京航空航天大学 Pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head and shaping device thereof
CN102000728A (en) * 2009-08-31 2011-04-06 扬州恒德模具有限公司 Bar rolling head
CN102000727A (en) * 2009-08-31 2011-04-06 扬州恒德模具有限公司 Method for processing round rib groove on sheet panel top
CN103071726A (en) * 2013-02-07 2013-05-01 江西理工大学 Single-point longitudinal vibration controllable progressive forming system for metal plate
CN105081716A (en) * 2015-09-16 2015-11-25 佛山市新恒萃材料科技有限公司 Buffering type contact-force active-control multipurpose operation mechanism
CN110494231A (en) * 2017-01-20 2019-11-22 普莱德工程有限责任公司 Tank bottom beamformer components
CN110743952A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-04 湖南同心模具制造有限公司 Multipoint flexible digital forming die for concrete helical blade
CN113399552A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-09-17 上海海洋大学 Spinning incremental forming device

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101306451B (en) * 2008-06-30 2010-06-02 南京航空航天大学 Pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head and shaping device thereof
CN102000728A (en) * 2009-08-31 2011-04-06 扬州恒德模具有限公司 Bar rolling head
CN102000727A (en) * 2009-08-31 2011-04-06 扬州恒德模具有限公司 Method for processing round rib groove on sheet panel top
CN103071726A (en) * 2013-02-07 2013-05-01 江西理工大学 Single-point longitudinal vibration controllable progressive forming system for metal plate
CN105081716A (en) * 2015-09-16 2015-11-25 佛山市新恒萃材料科技有限公司 Buffering type contact-force active-control multipurpose operation mechanism
CN110494231A (en) * 2017-01-20 2019-11-22 普莱德工程有限责任公司 Tank bottom beamformer components
CN110494231B (en) * 2017-01-20 2022-03-01 普莱德工程有限责任公司 Tank bottom former assembly
CN110743952A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-04 湖南同心模具制造有限公司 Multipoint flexible digital forming die for concrete helical blade
CN113399552A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-09-17 上海海洋大学 Spinning incremental forming device
CN113399552B (en) * 2021-06-29 2023-01-17 上海海洋大学 Spinning incremental forming device

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Granted publication date: 20090401

Effective date of abandoning: 20080630