CN201111049Y - Digital terrestrial globe prototype system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the digital Earth technical field, disclosing a digital Earth prototyping system. The system includes a data receiving and quick processing sub-system, a metadata service sub-system, a model base sub-system, a spatial information database sub-system, a mesh calculation sub-system, a map application service sub-system and a virtual reality sub-system. The data resource sharing platform, the knowledge sharing platform, the computational resource sharing platform and the collaborative work platform of the digital Earth prototyping system are constructed by the utility model; the problem of the key technology related to the scientific service platform construction of spatial data application is solved through the setup of the prototyping system, thereby the service system of earth science spatial information application is formed.

Description

A kind of digital globe antetype system

Technical field

The utility model relates to the digital earth technical field, relate in particular to a kind of various historical datas, model algorithm and technology are optimized and integrate raising, under global context, set up the comprehensive dynamic model of multiple dimensioned key element, the realization subject is newly crossed over, utilize digital earth metadata management, multidimensional spatial and temporal scales structural framing sustainable development to the earth, carry out the history of multi-level, multivariate association analysis and evolution rule and rebuild, future development is made prediction and pre-existing digital globe antetype system.

Background technology

The digital earth notion that to be U.S. former Vice President Ge Er propose in the report in " digital earth---understanding 21 century we this celestial body " on January 31st, 1998, its sketched out characteristics of the times of information age mankind productions on earth, scientific research, studying and living.

Digital earth is the focus of present academia research, belongs to the science frontier problem.Digital earth is the virtual earth that is formed by magnanimity, multiresolution, multidate, polymorphic type earth observation from space data and socioeconomic data and analytical algorithm thereof and model construction.

At present, though at home and abroad correlative study is many, major part all only rests on the exploratory stage of correlation theory, and theory is implemented few in number for what put into practice.Representative research mainly contains the digital earth demo system and the Alexandria digital earth prototype of NASA (NASA).

The digital earth demo system of NASA is mainly used in the Map Services function, the application relative narrower.As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 shows the architectural schematic of NASA digital earth demo system.

The target of Alexandria digital earth prototype (ADEPT) is to set up a distributed digital library (DDL), and it supports the establishment that the personalization of geographical space relevant information is collected and use service, with the research purpose of digital earth a great difference is arranged.As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 shows the architectural schematic of Alexandria digital earth prototype.

In addition, though some software vendors have developed some digital globe antetype systems both at home and abroad, but their target and value of services are mainly reflected in map search and other auxiliary commerce service.Simultaneously, at present domestic yet not very normalized digital earth prototype plan does not have Internet service provider that similar information service is provided yet.

The utility model content

(1) technical matters that will solve

In view of this, fundamental purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of digital globe antetype system, to set up the science service platform of a digital globe antetype system, carry out the digital earth theoretical analysis on this basis, set up digital earth framework and model, research and development gordian technique and method, demonstration is in the application power of different field, for the digital earth strategy provides theory and technical support, and progressively form the data resource shared platform, knowledge sharing platform, computational resource shared platform and collaboration platform, solve the related key technical of the science service platform construction of spatial data application, form the service system that the geoscience spatial information is used.

(2) technical scheme

For achieving the above object, the utility model provides a kind of digital globe antetype system, and this digital globe antetype system comprises:

Receive and the data of handling spaceborne Moderate Imaging Spectroradiomete MODIS emission, and the fast processing warehouse-in, the Data Receiving and the fast processing subsystem of the basic data source of other subsystems test and application in the digital globe antetype system is provided;

Metadata information in the database of management total system provides the metadata service subsystem of service for system rationally utilizes metadata information in the database fast;

For the spatial data of digital globe antetype system is handled and the model bank subsystem of analyzing the universal model that algorithm and application program are provided;

Spatial data in the administering digital earth prototype system carries out standardization, extraction and analysis to the spatial data in the objective simulation and the world that reflects reality, and forms the spatial information database subsystem of the database that suitable multi-field scale uses;

Obtain data according to user's request from remote data server or this locality, trigger service and monitor its running status, a division of tasks is become the experimental process task, the bundle Task Distribution carries out for the computing machine in the grid computing pond then, reclaim and the integration execution result, the result is returned to user's grid computing subsystem;

Under internet environment, realize the map application service subsystem of global information visualization;

Carry out modeling, study, planning and calculating according to the domain knowledge base of being set up and database utilization artificial intelligence, mode identification technology, realize the virtual reality subsystem that vision, sense of touch, the sense of hearing and dynamic virtual reality are simulated.

In the such scheme, described Data Receiving and fast processing subsystem comprise:

The operation conditions of control and monitoring land station various piece is in the mode of direct command or pre-establish the ground station control system module that the mode of program is moved;

Realize the satellite orbit newspaper calculates, orbit parameter shows and track is chosen acquiring satellite and tracking module;

Realize the Data Receiving that Data Receiving and data are looked soon and look module soon;

To receiving and unpacking regular, geo-location and processing is corrected in calibration, generate 0 grade, the data processing module of the MODIS formatted data of 1A level, 1B grade standard through pretreated raw data;

Generate 0 grade, 1A level, 1B level MODIS normal data product, wherein 1B level product form is the earth observing system/Hierarchical Data Format EOS/HDF of standard, and provide towards land, the data production module of high-level data product that ocean and atmospheric remote sensing are used;

The data product that generates is carried out the data readback and the editor module of playback demonstration and editing and processing;

The data at different levels that system receives and handles are carried out intelligent file, distribution, management and backed up data distribution and backup module;

The application software module of how much accurately correction of MODIS data, MODIS data whole nation mosaic map mosaic and administrative boundary stack, fire monitoring, floods monitoring, drought monitoring, Surface Temperature Retrieval, vegetation index calculating, cloud detection, ocean water colour and accumulated snow monitoring information is provided.

In the such scheme, described metadata service subsystem comprises:

Realize the space element data gateway of client and server end information interaction;

Reception is from the information of space element data gateway, after resolving, call corresponding functional modules, return results collection if desired, then the result is organized the back and return to client with the form of extensible markup language XML document, and the space element data server issued on the Internet of responsible space element data;

The collection of implementation space metadata, the space element database manager of storing, administering and maintaining;

Come management of metadata pattern information, metadata record and various mapping relations for client provides an interface, comprise interpolation, deletion and revise and browse the space element data query instrument of metadata record;

By the space element data management instrument that subscriber interface module and protocol processes transport module constitute, described subscriber interface module is used for realizing and user interactions, input inquiry condition and present Query Result; The protocol processes transport module is used for the query argument that subscriber interface module is collected is organized into query statement, sends to the space element data server by ICP/IP protocol, and the search space metadatabase hands over subscriber interface module to show Query Result then.

In the such scheme, the universal model of preserving in the described model bank subsystem comprises at least:

Cloud model, pyramid structure remotely-sensed data Fast Compression and playback model, multiple dimensioned remote sensing images small echo Fusion Model, high-spectrum remote sensing cube model, Surface Temperature Retrieval model are removed in improved homomorphic filtering, the batten multi-scale image is represented and the inverse model of registration model, radar data soil moisture, vegetation index model biomass model, clean primary productivity model, microwave remote sensing data ground parameter inverse model and radar interference are measured the INSAR model.

In the such scheme, described spatial information database subsystem comprises:

Realize that the control bottom data is handled, the bottom control framework is laid and the spatial data processing module of bottom data accuracy test;

Realize that storehouse, reference mark of the same name sets up, can estimate the Remote Sensing Data Processing module that precision processing check and image metadata storehouse are set up;

Realize the reduction of color and the characteristic information processing module of enhancing, image mosaic match colors, non-homogeneous data assimilation and multiple dimensioned data fusion;

The thematic information analysis module analyzed based on the various remote sensing applications of standard remotely-sensed data platform is carried out in realization to the remotely-sensed data achievement.

In the such scheme, described grid computing subsystem comprises:

The process control module that adopts workflow technology flow process to be controlled with the unit of being applied as;

Centralized management and scheduling bottom hardware computational resource calculate by certain strategy distribution the task that submit on the upper strata, and reclaim result's grid middleware on available computers;

Prepare for special treatment, comprise that data obtain, teledata is obtained in the establishment of journal file, decompress(ion), and the subtask is cut apart and is encapsulated, the initialization module of Data Format Transform and interface conversion;

For providing Surface Temperature Retrieval, aerosol optical depth inverting, normalized differential vegetation index, enhancement mode vegetation index, soil, node regulates the thematic processing module of vegetation index, soil coverage information classification, cloud detection, geometry correction, image cut, image mosaic and images match;

The result of calculation of subtask is merged, generate the HDF file, and compress, put into the post-processing module of result database.

In the such scheme, described map application service subsystem is by attribute binding, layer-management technology and R tree technical management spatial data and attribute data based on node, and adopted skin+skeleton technology, the storage that realizes mass data by distributed storage, distributed arithmetic technology with dynamically be written into and show, at least comprising visualization model and enquiry module, is the externally messagewindow of service of prototype system platform.

In the such scheme, described virtual reality subsystem comprises:

Realization manages the data of real-time collection, and keeps and put in order the Mass Data Management functional module of historical data in a period of time;

Realize that the real time roaming of the large-scale geographic landscape that large-scale geographic landscape real time roaming is browsed and edited browses and the editting function module;

The interface of GIS analytic function is provided, comprehensive three dimensional analysis function, the inquiry terrain data, terrain data is carried out statistical study, support is carried out the measurement of variety of way with visual way to landform, and measurement result is carried out visual three dimensional analysis and Presentation Function module in mode intuitively;

Realize the visualization function module of the visual digital simulation model of digital simulation model;

Realize the visualization function module of engineering construction model and visual engineering construction model of scheme and scheme.

(3) beneficial effect

From technique scheme as can be seen, the utlity model has following beneficial effect:

1, this digital globe antetype system that provides of the utility model, being one obtains with (data) of relevant society, economic data by multiresolution, multidate, polymorphic type earth observation from space data, earth science data, foundation is distributed data base system foundation, that have mass memory with the geographic coordinate, and utilize technology such as science calculating, network and virtual reality, realize the digitizing reproduction of the true earth and correlated phenomena thereof and the model system of prediction.This digital globe antetype system is by the foundation and application demonstration of prototype system, data resource shared platform, knowledge sharing platform, computational resource shared platform and the collaboration platform of digital globe antetype system have been made up, and the foundation by prototype system, solve the related key technical of the science service platform construction of spatial data application, formed the service system that the geoscience spatial information is used.

2, this digital globe antetype system that provides of the utility model, having created with large-scale advanced hardware environment is core, become by Data Receiving, metadata, model bank, grid computing, spatial information database, 7 groups of subsystems of Map Services and virtual reality, and be the large space information service platform of reference based on network, with country and industry standard.It has constructed digital earth conceptual model and digital earth theoretical frame, has proposed the interactive thinking of the true earth, the consciousness earth, digital earth.This system's independent development digital earth data mining algorithm and Inversion Software, developed ground and learned Inversion Software, developed the several data integration technology, made up stepless engineer's scale Geographic Information System (GIS) informix model.

3, this digital globe antetype system that provides of the utility model, gridding technique and workflow technology combined be used for the prototype system data processing, make the algorithm and the model of computational resource and data processing obtain sharing on a large scale, saved time and economic resources; Adopt the cluster of servers technology of trillion bytes (TB), solved network GIS transmission bottleneck problem, guarantee the efficient running of big data quantity Map Services application; Integrated international advanced image compress technique has formed compression of magnanimity image data and managerial ability; Set up storehouse, fine correction reference mark of the same name, improved the overall precision of digital product, for homemade digital product and international digital product organic linking provide condition.

4, this digital globe antetype system that provides of the utility model has been constructed and can have been estimated the standard digital platform, has improved the digital product standardization; Realized mutual between different virtual environment, virtual reality and the geography information software and shown, developed network three-dimensional browing system based on the megarelief data in real time of paging (PAGE) and level of detail/continuous level details (LOD/CLOD) technology; Data receiving system has wide catching and tracking bandwidth, information code speed continuous variable, and system automation degree height has solved the high elevation angle of polar-orbiting satellite and has crossed top track rejection problem, has realized unmanned.Receiving subsystem and prototype system have realized jointless mosaic, but the strange land operation.

5, this digital globe antetype system that provides of the utility model is a highly integrated system, and having formulated a cover is the integrated standard of system ensemble of reference with country and industry standard, has constituted the digital earth workbench, has realized the shared of spatial information.

6, in this digital globe antetype system that the utility model provides, Data Receiving and fast processing subsystem have been realized receiving and have been handled, the data archiving robotization, and it is visual to receive data in real time, stable image quality.The spatial information database subsystem has been set up storehouse, fine correction reference mark of the same name, and the various algorithms of magnanimity computing of scale remotely-sensed data are provided, and has realized the organic linking of international coordinate-system digital product, has constructed and can estimate the standard digital platform.The model bank comprehensive integration a plurality of models such as image pre-service, the inverting of atural object characteristic, data fusion and data processing, for the further excavation and the extraction of sensor information provides technical method effectively.The map application service subsystem is realized the registration and the Presentation Function of the control of figure layer, convergent-divergent, multi-layer data performance, image graphics, has realized effective inquiry of spatial data and attribute data, possesses functions such as length, area measuring and buffer zone analysis.The virtual reality subsystem has been set up the geographic landscape database and the thematic data base of emulation special use, realized that real time roaming browses and edit, flood functions such as analysis, the calculating of excavation and filling side under the three-dimensional environment, realized the three-dimensional scenic Web publishing, browsed and functions such as information inquiry.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the architectural schematic of NASA digital earth demo system;

Fig. 2 is the architectural schematic of Alexandria digital earth prototype;

The structured flowchart of the digital globe antetype system that Fig. 3 provides for the utility model;

The system chart of Data Receiving and fast processing subsystem in the digital globe antetype system that Fig. 4 provides for the utility model;

The structured flowchart of metadata service subsystem in the digital globe antetype system that Fig. 5 provides for the utility model;

The operational process synoptic diagram of metadata service subsystem in the digital globe antetype system that Fig. 6 provides for the utility model;

The logical organization synoptic diagram of grid computing subsystem and external module in the digital globe antetype system that Fig. 7 provides for the utility model;

The logical organization synoptic diagram of grid computing subsystem and internal module in the digital globe antetype system that Fig. 8 provides for the utility model;

Grid computing subsystem data flow architecture synoptic diagram in the digital globe antetype system that Fig. 9 provides for the utility model;

Grid computing subsystem controls flow structure synoptic diagram in the digital globe antetype system that Figure 10 provides for the utility model;

Map application service subsystem service procedure synoptic diagram in the digital globe antetype system that Figure 11 provides for the utility model;

The digital globe antetype system Framework Architecture figure that Figure 12 provides for the utility model;

The synoptic diagram of three basic training ergospheres of digital globe antetype system that Figure 13 provides for the utility model;

The framed structure synoptic diagram of the digital globe antetype system that Figure 14 provides for the utility model;

The architectural schematic of the digital globe antetype system that Figure 15 provides for the utility model.

Embodiment

For making the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, and, the utility model is further described with reference to accompanying drawing below in conjunction with specific embodiment.

This digital globe antetype system that the utility model provides, being one obtains with (data) of relevant society, economic data by multiresolution, multidate, polymorphic type earth observation from space data, earth science data, foundation is distributed data base system foundation, that have mass memory with the geographic coordinate, and utilize technology such as science calculating, network and virtual reality, realize the digitizing reproduction of the true earth and correlated phenomena thereof and the model system of prediction.This digital globe antetype system is by the foundation and application demonstration of prototype system, data resource shared platform, knowledge sharing platform, computational resource shared platform and the collaboration platform of digital globe antetype system have been made up, and the foundation by prototype system, solve the related key technical of the science service platform construction of spatial data application, formed the service system that the geoscience spatial information is used.

As shown in Figure 3, the structured flowchart of the digital globe antetype system that Fig. 3 provides for the utility model, this digital globe antetype system comprises Data Receiving and fast processing subsystem 10, metadata service subsystem 11, model bank subsystem 12, spatial information database subsystem 13, grid computing subsystem 14, map application service subsystem 15 and virtual reality subsystem 16.

Wherein, Data Receiving and fast processing subsystem 10 are used for receiving and the data of handling spaceborne Moderate Imaging Spectroradiomete (MODIS) emission, and the fast processing warehouse-in, and the basic data source of other subsystems test and application in the digital globe antetype system is provided.

Metadata service subsystem 11 is used for managing the database metadata information of total system, and metadata information provides service in the database for system rationally utilizes fast.

Model bank subsystem 12 is used to the spatial data of digital globe antetype system to handle and analyzes the universal model that algorithm and application program are provided.

Spatial information database subsystem 13 is used for the spatial data of administering digital earth prototype system, and the spatial data in the objective simulation and the world that reflects reality is carried out standardization, extraction and analysis, forms the database that suitable multi-field scale is used.

Grid computing subsystem 14 is used for according to user's request from remote data server or the local data that obtain, trigger service and monitor its running status, a division of tasks is become the experimental process task, the bundle Task Distribution carries out for the computing machine in the grid computing pond then, reclaim and the integration execution result, the result is returned to the user.

Map application service subsystem 15 is used for realizing the visual of global information under internet environment.

Virtual reality subsystem 16 is used for carrying out modeling, study, planning and calculating according to the domain knowledge base of being set up and database utilization artificial intelligence, mode identification technology, realizes vision, sense of touch, the sense of hearing and dynamic virtual reality simulation.

1.0 editions construction of digital globe antetype system through four years, finished the foundation of a plurality of subsystems such as Data Receiving and fast processing, grid computing, spatial information database, metadata service, model bank, Map Services and virtual reality, in whole flow process, obtain from data, express to data analysis and demonstration, subsystem closely is connected, and constitutes the digital earth workbench.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing this digital globe antetype system that the utility model provides is further described.

For Data Receiving and fast processing subsystem, this subsystem is a target to receive with handling spaceborne middle MODIS data, integrated technology with the advanced person, melting the home and abroad product is one, make up the space flight data support system of digital earth prototype system, the wide market of opening up MODIS integrated technology and data product.This subsystem is divided according to function, receive the generation data product from antenna and have eight functional modules, they are respectively ground station control system module, acquiring satellite and tracking module, Data Receiving and look module, data processing module, data production module, data readback and editor module, data distribution and backup module and application software module soon.

Wherein, the ground station control system module is used to control and monitor the operation conditions of land station's various piece, moves with the mode of direct command or the mode that pre-establishes program.For the mode that pre-establishes program, described ground station control system module provides the custom menu of graphical interfaces, be used for realizing that many tracks of multi-satellite receive that task setting, task scheduler and executing state show, real-time demonstration, the event information log file of the various state parameters of receiving course and browse, subsystem state configuration operation and disk file management.In addition, the operation conditions of ground station control system module controls and monitoring land station various piece.Can move with direct command mode or the mode that pre-establishes program.For the mode that pre-establishes program, can provide the custom menu of graphical interfaces, so that utilize this mode to monitor, control each link of whole receiving system.

Acquiring satellite and tracking module are used to realize that the satellite orbit newspaper calculates, orbit parameter shows and track is chosen.Acquiring satellite and tracking module carry out the calculating of satellite orbit newspaper by obtaining two line parameters when realizing that the satellite orbit newspaper calculates; When realizing that orbit parameter shows, show all orbit parameters of the satellite that passes by with mode word; When realizing that track is chosen, the user selects to want the satellite orbit and the relevant parameter thereof that receive as required arbitrarily.

Data Receiving with look module soon and be used to realize that Data Receiving and data look soon.Data Receiving with look module soon when realizing Data Receiving, according to the selected satellite orbit parameter that passes by, press satellite orbit timetable automatic reception satellite-signal, and the signal that receives comprised the pre-service of amplification, frequency conversion, demodulation, output and storage at least, obtain raw data (RAW DATA).Data Receiving with look module soon realizing the fast apparent time of data, show satellite orbit, the current track that is receiving and the progress thereof of passing by, and the data that the receive form with coloured image shown in real time.

Data processing module is used for receiving and unpacking regular, geo-location and processing is corrected in calibration through pretreated raw data, generates 0 grade, the MODIS formatted data of 1A level, 1B grade standard.

Data production module is used to generate 0 grade, 1A level, 1B level MODIS normal data product, wherein 1B level product form is the earth observing system/Hierarchical Data Format (EOS/HDF) of standard, and provide towards land, high-level data product that ocean and atmospheric remote sensing are used.

Data readback and editor module are used for the data product that generates is carried out playback demonstration and editing and processing.Data readback and editor module to the data product that generates carry out that editing and processing comprises that image is synthetic, figure image intensifying, data projection conversion, figure stackedly add, geography information interpolation, image data extraction, Data Format Transform and image mosaic.Image synthesizes and is used for the random wave segment data is carried out the synthetic demonstration of hyperchannel, makes coloured image; The figure image intensifying is used for display image is carried out enhancement process; The data projection conversion be used for to image comprise at least Lan Botuo, the utmost point penetrate red, Mercator, etc. the projective transformation of longitude and latitude, Gauss-Ke Lvge, and show changing image in real time; Scheming stacked adding is used on image the geography information figure layer that stack comprises fictitious graticule, administrative division, geographical sign at least; The geography information interpolation is used for adding graphical symbol commonly used and annotation character on image, and the graphical symbol and the annotation character that add are edited; Image data extraction is used for image is cut apart, and takes image by province, border, city or self-defined border, extracts data; Data Format Transform is used for the HDF data are carried out the output of picture format file according to bitmap graphics file (BMP) or 2 system forms; Image mosaic is used to carry out the multiple on the area data collection basis, the synthetic and demonstration of many day data splicing.

Data distribution and backup module are used for that the data at different levels that system receives and handles are carried out intelligence to be filed, distribute, manages and backup.

Application software module is used to provide how much accurately correction of MODIS data, MODIS data whole nation mosaic map mosaic and administrative boundary stack, fire monitoring, floods monitoring, drought monitoring, Surface Temperature Retrieval, vegetation index calculating, cloud detection, ocean water colour and accumulated snow monitoring information.Application software module has image processing function based on algorithm and standard that NASA announces, towards remote sensing application, takes the design framework of disclosed high-level data product, public algorithm, Open Standard.

This Data Receiving and fast processing subsystem are divided and can also be made up of following subsystem from structure: code element, data are taken in subsystem, reception and processing platform subsystem, data recording and file subsystem and exploitation of high-end data product and application software subsystem when antenna and Control Subsystem, channel subsystem, GPS.

1, antenna and Control Subsystem

Mainly form by antenna, feed, servo and control module.Antenna structure adopts X/Y type mounting and no counterweight technology.Control system is made up of antenna control unit (ACU), antenna driver element (ADU), shaft encode unit.The stepping track receiver carries out detection with the intermediate-freuqncy signal that down coversion is sent here, and ACU carries out the track stepping from motion tracking according to this signal level size, improves the precision of antenna tracking target.X/Y type mounting guarantees the top tracking power excessively of system.

The subsystem technical indicator:

Bore: 3.2M

Frequency of operation: 8.0GHz～8.5GHz

Antenna gain:＞46dB

First secondary lobe: be better than-15dB

Polarization mode: circular polarisation, RHC, LHC are changeable

Antenna movement scope: X:0 degree～180 degree

Y:0 degree～180 degree

Movement velocity: X:0 degree～6 degree/seconds

Y:0 degree～6 degree/seconds

Acceleration of motion: X:0 degree～6 * degree/second second

Y:0 degree～6 * degree/second second

Servo resolution: be better than 0.01 degree

Bearing accuracy: be better than 0.07 (rms)

Working method:

---standby

---manually

---order prefabricated

---wait for prefabricated

---orbit program is followed the tracks of

---control far away

The pre-spacing protection of cutting off the electricity supply of control guaranteed request: X-Y

The braking of X-Y electromotor brake

Buffering absorbs last overshoot energy during spring

Environmental requirement: working relative humidity :-40 degree～60 degree

Humidity: 10～100%

Anti-wind speed: protect precision work smaller or equal to 28.4m/s

Can work smaller or equal to 36.7m/s

Save collection from damage smaller or equal to 54m/s

2, channel subsystem

Mainly form by low noise amplifier, upconverter, low-converter, detuner.

The low noise amplifier LNA and first low-converter are installed on the antenna, guarantee that the 1GHZ signal is less from the loss that antenna passes to receiving house.

DM-D-3 type demodulator of PM signal PM adopts advanced digital demodulation techniques, have low in energy consumption, volume is little, anti-interference, high reliability features.

Technical indicator:

A, noise amplifier (LAN)

Frequency range: 8000Mhz～8500Mhz, bandwidth 500Mhz

Noise figure: smaller or equal to 1.3dB

Input interface: BJ84 glass inducing defecation by enema and suppository orchid

Output interface: SMA

B, first order low-converter

Incoming frequency: 8000Mhz～8500Mhz

Output frequency: 750Mhz～1250Mhz

Gain: more than or equal to 10dB

Input interface: SMA

Output interface: L16

C, second low-converter: 750Mhz～1250Mhz L16 joint

Output intermediate frequency: 140Mhz N type/L16 joint

Gain: more than or equal to 10dB

Tuning stepping: 1Khz serial ports control RS232 standard

Environmental requirement:

LAN and first order down coversion satisfy the outdoor unit condition of work

Second level low-converter is an indoor unit:

Working temperature: 0 degree～35 degree

Humidity: 10%～100%

Detuner:

Demodulation mode: BPSK, QPSK, UQPSK

Demodulation code speed range: 4～60Mbps

Input intermediate frequency: 140Mhz

Capturing carrier scope: positive and negative 600Khz

Carrier synchronization bandwidth: positive and negative 700Khz

3, code element during GPS

The GPS receiver is finished the automatic correcting time function

4, data are taken in subsystem

Employing is taken in plate by the high-speed data of external introduction, and it is 400Mbps that data are taken in speed, realizes word bit frame synchronization.The absorption of the compatible multiple remote sensing satellite data of energy.

5, reception and processing platform subsystem

Form by workstation and reception process software.

6, data recording and file subsystem

7, high-end data product exploitation and application software subsystem

The system chart of this Data Receiving and fast processing subsystem as shown in Figure 4, the system chart of Data Receiving and fast processing subsystem in the digital globe antetype system that Fig. 4 provides for the utility model.This Data Receiving and fast processing subsystem overwhelming majority hardware have been realized production domesticization, and simultaneously also partly integrated advanced product abroad is as advancing the machine plate at a high speed.The integrated technology of this system is converted into high-tech product, has now developed many covers earth observation systems/Moderate Imaging Spectroradiomete (EOS/MODIS) receiving system for units such as naval.Operation facts have proved that this system is stable, receives clear picture.Because MODIS has 250 meters, 500 meters, 1000 meters spatial resolution, the temporal resolution of passing by at least 4 times every day, wave spectrum scope cover from visible light to far 36 passages, have brought into play vital role in remote sensing application, atmosphere and ocean research.Compared with similar products, this subsystem is reached advanced world standards, the technical characterstic of this subsystem:

(1) can receive data on two stars of EOS/MODIS, star in the morning (TERRA) and star in afternoon (AUQA);

(2) adopt stepping tracking and program to follow the tracks of two kinds of technology, make a day line following reach high precision (≤0.02 °), avoided owing to attitude of satellite own and inaccurate dropout (going offline) problem that produces of orbit prediction;

(3) adopt web plate formula antenna, the wind square is little, antenna gain value height;

(4) reception is strong with the process software function, and computing velocity is fast;

(5) receiving software has the function of management, the whole land station of monitoring simultaneously, the state parameter of Real time dynamic display system operation, and produce operational report file (historical with present);

(6) the 1B data of system's generation are the EOS/MODIS forms of general international standard, and have MOD03 product [calibration (Calibrated) and geo-location (geolocated)], are essential to the exploitation high-grade products;

(7) image file is browsed in colored fast view picture of real-time generation and automatic generation;

(8) produce the fast view picture of infrared band at night;

(9) the automatic file of source data and product data;

(10) intelligent management of storage device such as hard disk;

(11) read orbit parameter on the net automatically;

(12) whole-course automation of reception and data handling procedure, data handling procedure is furnished with figure and dynamically shows.

For the metadata service subsystem, after this subsystem is built the I-Site groupware and the MetaStar series of products by the exploitation of Blue AngelTechnologies company of spatial information switching centre (ClearingHouse) in being used to of providing with reference to FGDC, design and part have realized a metadata service subsystem, and its architecture as shown in the figure.It mainly comprises space element data server, the space element database manager of server end, the space element data query instrument of client, space element data management instrument.The user uses for convenience, and server also provides a space element data gateway, makes the user to inquire about and to manage system in browser by the WWW net.

This metadata service subsystem is divided according to function, comprises the space element data server of space element data gateway, server end, the space element database manager of server end, the space element data query instrument of client and the space element data management instrument of client's device end.

As shown in Figure 5, the structured flowchart of metadata service subsystem in the digital globe antetype system that provides for the utility model of Fig. 5.The space element data gateway is used to realize the information interaction of client and server end.Be generally the Z39.50 gateway, use existing freeware.It is equivalent to the work of the protocol processes transport module of client on certain meaning.Its major function is the user to be passed the series of parameters come by http protocol be converted into the system message that satisfies agreement, sends to server then, at last the result is returned to browser with the form of html format.Here, the Z39.50 agreement is a kind of communications protocol of carrying out database retrieval under client/server environment between computing machine and the computing machine.Its publication and use have solved the problem that the data between different system exchange, and have overcome the obstacle of information retrieval networkization ^[10]It should be noted that in 1992 has increased the support that spatial data is inquired about in the later Z39.50 consensus standard, make the inquiry of spatial information to be undertaken by the Z39.50 agreement.

The space element data server, be used to receive information from the space element data gateway, after resolving, call corresponding functional modules, return results collection if desired, form with extensible markup language (XML) document after then the result being organized returns to client, and responsible space element data are in the issue on the Internet.The issue of space element data is supported international network information search and is extracted agreement----Z39.50 agreement, can support the shared system of Z39.50 agreement to realize interconnected with other.By the space element data server, the data user can inquire about long-range space element database, and the space element data set that the system of obtaining returns is realized specific operation.

The space element database manager, be used for the space element data collection, store, administer and maintain.The storage of space element data and management are mainly born by the space element database.The space element data data structure of determining in the XML document mode and the space element data of input, can pass through the space element data management system, set up the reasonable mapping of XML and relation data, it is stored in the relational database, while is by the relational database software of maturation, realization comprises data integrity maintenance and security maintenance two aspects to the space element efficient data management.And the space element data management system also is responsible for setting up rational index, improves inquiry and retrieval at a high speed.Certainly it also is responsible for interpolation, deletion and the modification of metadata record.

Space element data query instrument is used to client to provide an interface to come management of metadata pattern information, metadata record and various mapping relations, comprises interpolation, deletion and revises and browse metadata record.Usage space metadata management instrument all needs login space element data server earlier, obtains certain authority, just can carry out the operation in the authority

Space element data management instrument is made of subscriber interface module and protocol processes transport module, and subscriber interface module is used for realizing and user interactions, input inquiry condition and present Query Result; The protocol processes transport module is used for the query argument that subscriber interface module is collected is organized into query statement, sends to the space element data server by ICP/IP protocol, and the search space metadatabase hands over subscriber interface module to show Query Result then.

The principal character of this metadata service subsystem is as follows:

(1) in view of the disunity of space element data standard, reasonably the space element data system should be supported space element data standard as much as possible.System is based on the FGDC standard, and assurance is to the support of space element data standard extensibility.

(2) be extensively admitted in the world at present a kind of in view of the Z39.50 agreement in the communication protocol of carrying out database retrieval and inquiry under the client server environment between computing machine and the computing machine, the interface of Z39.50 protocol access so the space element data system should provide support, guarantee any inquiry of response, so the native system support is based on the inquiry of Z39.50 agreement based on the Z39.50 agreement.

(3) system server provides a gateway, makes the user to visit server by the WWW net, because general metadata query is all undertaken by browser.Certainly the interface that administers and maintains of metadata should also be to be undertaken by browser, has realized the spatial information metadata management system based on Internet truly.

(4) storage mode to metadata has support more flexibly, can also can store by database with file system.Consider the complicacy of space element data message inner structure, the space element data system can select XML document to come storage space metadata standard template, and supports input, storage, inquiry and output based on the space element data of XML.Under the research distributed environment, as data intermediary, realize the integrated of isomeric data and exchange with XML.XML has great dirigibility as Internet language of future generation.Utilize XML, can launch the application of various complexity at Internet.

The operational process of system is described below: set up listening components at server end by socket.Behind the connection request that receives client, connect with client.Client can send to server end to query requests by the Socket connection then.Server end is carried out the query manipulation that ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) is carried out database, and the form that the result who inquires is encapsulated as XML, sends to client by the Socket connection.The XML character string that client is received by parsing obtains required information.This process can be with down shown in Figure 6, the operational process synoptic diagram of metadata service subsystem in the digital globe antetype system that Fig. 6 provides for the utility model.

With the intermediary of XML, bring great dirigibility can for the realization of system as exchanges data.System can mask the several data source on backstage, presents to the user with the unified XML data.Receive data one root and can handle arbitrarily data, as decomposite the data that wherein need handle or present with different patterns according to " pattern (Schema) " of XML data.By XML, we can realize exchange, the processing robotization of online data, as the basis of Internet application of future generation.

The metadata service subsystem comprises following functional module: keeper's login, and metadata is browsed, and can check all metadata record; The typing of meta-data attribute information is finished in the metadata typing; Metadata management is finished the modification of metadata query, deletion and attribute information; Account management will have authority to carry out the foundation of new keeper's account and the deletion of old account with the keeper of power user's identity login; Cancellation is landed, and is used for the cancellation of account.

1, metadata is browsed submodule

(1) this page is mainly finished the function of keeper's login.System can verify that user's name and password coupling are then passed through checking, otherwise report an error to username and password.Test account admin password is power

(2) enter metadata service subsystem homepage after logining successfully, this page left-half Display System Function, right half part contains systemic-function introduces the page.

(3) the metadata browsing pages is listed all records in the metadata management system database, the Chinese data set name that shows every record claims, English dataset name and summary are clicked the Chinese data set name and are claimed, will show the details with the respective meta-data record of data set Chinese correspondence.Also can check the details of respective meta-data record by the XML form.

2, metadata typing submodule

(1) metadata typing submodule is listed and is added each field that metadata record institute should fill in, and there is the button of button prompting " input finishes, and begins to put in storage " page below.Begin to verify before the warehouse-in.The debugging mechanism of this page: activate spell-checking facility after the button click, check that whether required field is empty, has corresponding prompting.All can provide prompting for all fields that do not meet the requirements and require to re-enter correct content.

(2) all information of input are just now shown, examine for the user.Can return to the previous page as change, otherwise continue button click " confirm errorless, formally upload ".

(3) page formally adds record in database, and the information of filling in is just now write corresponding field successively.This process is invisible, reminds the new record of user to add and finishes.And the button of cutting out the page arranges.Finish whole operations that this adds new record.

3, metadata management submodule

(1) this inquiry system mainly is the metadata record record that will search in order to help managerial personnel to locate fast, so that its field contents is examined, and the deletion of perhaps change, even whole piece record.The search field that comprises in the metadata query has: data set Chinese, data from date, ED date, maximum longitude, high latitude, minimum longitude, minimum latitude, keyword.All search fields are all fuzzy query, and the relation between all fields all be " with " relation.Retrieval is not mated in null field conductively-closed automatically.To list all metadata record in the database when each field is all blank.

(2) return Query Result according to specific querying condition, the Chinese data set name of listing every the record that checks out claims, English dataset name and summary.Click the Chinese data set name and claim, will show details with the respective meta-data record of data set Chinese correspondence.Also can check the details of respective meta-data record by the XML form.Also can check the details of respective meta-data record by the XML form.There are two links " edit file " and " deletion record " in page below.

(3) according to the specifying information of data set Chinese displayed record, can directly revise, two buttons are arranged under the page, change operation and abort operation respectively key component.According to the information updating relevant field that sends, remind the user metadata record attribute to revise and finish.And the button of cutting out the page arranges.Finish whole operations of this amendment record.

(4) if select the deletion record operation, system can finish deletion record and point out user record to delete.

4, account management submodule

Common management person's Account History in this page retrieval database if the record number is 0, then shows " also not setting up other logon account at present "; Otherwise will show the regular account that has existed, displaying contents comprises logon name and password (expressly showing).There are the functional areas of New Account page below, inputs user name and password.For reminding operator's case sensitive problem, set up the password checking procedure.Although password can show expressly that all only the following link is as prompting.

In each accounts information hurdle, all comprise " deletion " action link.Please the user confirm whether to delete account after the click, confirm the initial page that back execution deletion is affected and automatically switch and get back to account management.

For the model bank subsystem, wherein the universal model of Bao Cuning comprises at least: cloud model, pyramid structure remotely-sensed data Fast Compression and playback model, multiple dimensioned remote sensing images small echo Fusion Model, high-spectrum remote sensing cube model, Surface Temperature Retrieval model are removed in improved homomorphic filtering, the batten multi-scale image is represented and the inverse model of registration model, radar data soil moisture, vegetation index model biomass model, clean primary productivity model, microwave remote sensing data ground parameter inverse model and radar interference are measured (INSAR) model etc.

Model is the pilot process that original data processing is become information available and knowledge, is the important content that digital earth is used.Included the model of the institute of remote sensing in recent years independent development in 1.0 editions model banies of digital earth, comprise 16 models such as image pre-service, the inverting of ground materials characteristic, data fusion and microwave data processing, these models are verified and are published on the domestic and international publication through problem.Some have used model for many years, are not indexed in this model bank as vegetation index etc., and this model bank will constantly be taken in new model, wish simultaneously the model of having included is used and improves.Model bank is introduced the user to by the mode of model name, algorithm and document description.

1, cloud model is removed in improved homomorphic filtering

(x, (x is y) with ground surface reflectance function f r (x, product y) y) can be reduced to light source amount of incident function f i for image function f.Here, the form of wushu (1) is made some changes:

f(x，y)＝i ₀×f _i(x，y)×f _r(x，y)

Wherein, i0 is a light source amount of incident constant, and (x is constant y), and (x is to change function by the amount of incident that Bao Yun causes y) to fi, and (x y) is the ground surface reflectance function to fr for the every bit on the face of land.

(x, y) main reflection is low frequency part in the image to fi, i.e. luminance difference on a large scale.Go the problem of cloud promptly to be converted into how to weaken fi (x, y) caused image illumination is uneven, the mean flow rate of each several part has and rises and falls and make the more indistinguishable problem of image detail structure corresponding to the cloud sector on the image.

Log-transformation:

Because fi (x, y) and fr (x, y) the two is a multiplication relationship, can't separate processes in frequency field.Therefore, (1 ') being taken the logarithm, is that the multiplication relationship in the spatial domain is converted into the addition relation:

g(x，y)＝lnf(x，y)＝ln?i ₀+ln?f _i(x，y)+ln?f _r(x，y)

In the practice, need (x y) adds and takes the logarithm after 1 again with f.This is to take the logarithm and obtain insignificant value 0 for fear of occurring.

Low-pass filtering:

If (x, y), the detail portion branch of cloud-free area is unnecessarily excessively strengthened, and causes the distortion of image directly to adopt high-pass filtering to extract fr.Since fi (x y) slowly changes, and fr (x y) changes fast, and (x y) carries out low-pass filtering, just can (x y) separates fi earlier to g.

g′(x，y)＝LPF(g(x，y))≈lni ₀+lnf _i(x，y)

If a sub-picture includes noise, according to the statistics feature of noise, can suppose that these noises are incoherent with respect to each coordinate points, and its mathematical expectation is zero.Similar with noise, (fr (x, y)) changes ln fast, can suppose that also it is incoherent (its mathematical expectation is non-vanishing) with respect to each coordinate points.Concerning a certain zone of image, (fr (x, y)) can be considered as " additive noise immediately " to ln, can " eliminate " after average is got in this zone.[8], adopt the average method in adjacent area to be similar to the low-pass filtering operator in order to simplify calculating:

$g^{\′}(x,y)=\mathrm{LPF}\left(g(x,y)\right)\≈\frac{1}{N^2}\underset{j=y-[N/2]}{\overset{y+[N/2]}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\left(\underset{i=x-[N/2]}{\overset{x+[N/2]}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}f(i,j)\right)$

Wherein, N is an odd number, and aforementioned calculation is so that (x y) is the center, carries out in the zone of N * N size.[N/2] represents the integral part of N/2.The value of N should be suitably bigger, otherwise for entire image, less adjacent area mean deviation can not weaken HFS well.

2, pyramid structure remotely-sensed data Fast Compression and playback model

Visual is to realize by the mutual window of digital earth and people.With remote sensing digital image reconstruction of three-dimensional digital earth is the gordian technique and the outstanding feature of this research.The remote sensing images of different proportion chi and even the whole earth, country and zone are seamless spliced, roam arbitrarily and amplify, by the method for three-dimensional data by artificial parallax, constructing virtual solid.The gordian technique that realizes above-mentioned task is small echo different scale remotely-sensed data pyramid Fast Compression and playback technology.Small echo different scale remotely-sensed data pyramid Fast Compression and playback software have been developed in the research.Principle is described below:

Store more image in order to utilize limited memory capacity, just need how to greatest extent compressing image data of research, and guarantee that the quality of image and the speed of utilizing these compressed data to rebuild are that the user can accept, more macreikonic stepless demonstration that Here it is and compression problem to be solved.

Because have close correlativity between the image pixel, promptly image data contains higher redundance, therefore can compress image data.On the other hand, be used to rebuild this image and must possess amplitude, phase place, at least four amounts of two spatial frequencys, these four variablees are separate, and promptly wherein any one all can not obtain from its excess-three variable.So, an image that contains a large amount of related pixels,, become and only contain the data set of forming by irrelevant element through certain reversible conversion (compression-decompress(ion)), just can finish the compression of image data.Common method has deblocking (tile), pyramid level image and wavelet compression at present.Carry out the image compression on the one hand, reduce redundance; Optimal Storage structure on the other hand, improving the speed of decompress(ion) image, the deblocking technology is suitable for the continuous overlapping snapshot of oneself and looks like to constitute big image and show, is mainly used in map and shows the field.Pyramid level image compress technique is an important directions of studying at present.

Wavelet compression is present up-to-date video compression technology, can be implemented in high-quality picture transmission, compression and the storage of realization under the lower bandwidth, small echo is frontier that develops rapidly in the current mathematics simultaneously, and it has deeply theoretical simultaneously and uses double meaning very widely.It is compared with Fourier conversion, (Fourier) conversion of window Fu Li leaf or gal cypress (Gabor) conversion, this is the local conversion of time and frequency, thereby can effectively information extraction from signal, by calculation functions such as flexible and translations function or signal are carried out multiscale analysis (MultiscaleAnalysis), the indeterminable many difficult problems of Fourier conversion have been solved, thereby the small echo variation is described as " school microscop ", and it is a landmark progress on the harmonic analysis development history.Wavelet analysis can the frequency band of appointment and the time (sky) territory in, signal content is analyzed.The time (sky) frequency localization character and multiresolution analysis feature, be the principal feature and the advantage of wavelet analysis.It can be arbitrarily the time in (sky) yardstick, with any high resolution, the fine feature of observation signal.

The time (sky) territory definition:

Effective bandwidth for wavelet function ψ (x).So the time wide center of flexible shifted wavelet ψ s (x-x0) is x0, wide in the time of effectively is s σ x.In yardstick-space plane, by

[x ₀-sσ _x，x ₀+sσ _x][ω ₀/s-σ ₀/s，ω ₀/s+σ ₀/s]

The rectangular window of definition has reflected time (sky) frequency domain resolution of wavelet transformation.When yardstick s increased, the wavelet filter centre frequency reduced, and frequency band narrows down, and the time window width increase.This means that in low-frequency band more and more higher frequency resolution is arranged.Otherwise also anti-, mean that promptly high frequency band will have (position) resolution of better time.

In compression process, adopt the wavelet coefficient of pyramid level storage different resolution level, adopts different code word sizes to encode, and, compress unnecessary wavelet coefficient according to the different requirements of resolution, thus the purpose that reaches coding, compresses.In software, at first read in the file header information of striograph, obtain the size of data, the size of pixel;

Secondly, according to the coordinate of four angle points of screen in the mapping internal memory, calculate the engineer's scale and the coordinate of required image; According to the different requirements of resolution, decompressed data; Data are called in the mapping internal memory.At last, will shine upon internal memory and be inverted in the display memory, be shown to the user.

Realized the remotely-sensed data ratio of compression greater than 20%, playback duration is within 3 seconds.

3, multiple dimensioned remote sensing images small echo Fusion Model

Information difference under the different resolution (being details) can obtain by function is decomposed on a small echo orthogonal basis, and the image before having solved is with being defined in cumulative resolution sequence (V ^j) ^{J ∈ Z}On details relativity problem between insoluble details when describing, the place to go redundancy of information.

The quadractically integrable function Space L ²(R) row of one in close the empty { V of son _j} _{J ∈ Z}If meet some requirements, then claim { V _j} _{J ∈ Z}Be L ²(R) a multiresolution analysis (MRA).We utilize multiresolution analysis can obtain Space L ²(R) quadrature decomposes.

If W _J+1Be V _J+1At V _jOn the orthogonal complement space, then have $V_j=V_{j+1}\⊕W_{j+1}$

For f ∈ L ²(R), known f (x) is 2 ^J+1With 2 ^jApproaching under the resolution equals it respectively at V _J+1And V _jIn rectangular projection, then f (x) is 2 ^jHigh frequency detail section under the resolution is a space W _J+1In rectangular projection.

If f (x) is 2 ^kUnder (k ∈ Z) resolution at V _kAnd W _kIn projection be respectively f _k∈ V _kAnd g _k∈ W _k, f then _k=f _K-1+ g _K-1, therefore

$f=f_1+g_1=f_2+g_2+g_1=f_N+g_N+\·\·\·+g_2+g_1=f_N+\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{g}_i$

Because { φ _{K, n}: k, n ∈ Z} is V _kOrthonormal basis,

Be W _kOrthonormal basis, thereby f _k, g _kCan be expressed as:

$f_k=\underset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{c}_n^k\mathrm{\φ}(2^{k}x-n),\left\{c_n^k\right\}\∈l^2$

Wherein φ is called scaling function,

Be called wavelet function.

Decomposition algorithm: by (c _n ^kAsk { c _n ^K-1And { d _n ^K-1}

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{c}_n^{k-1}=\underset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{a}_{l-2n}{c}_l^k\\ d_n^{k-1}=\underset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}{b}_{l-2n}{c}_l^k\end{array}\right.$

Restructing algorithm: by { c _n ^K-1And { d _n ^K-1Ask { c _n ^k}

Above-mentioned decomposition algorithm and restructing algorithm are called the Mallat algorithm again.{ a wherein _n, { b _nBe called branch solution sequence, { p _n, { q _nBe called reproducing sequence.

4, high-spectrum remote sensing cube model

High spectrum is that high spectral resolution remote sensing obtains continuous object spectrum image in specific spectral region, and high-spectrum remote-sensing is used and can be launched on the spectrum dimension.Picture dot in Hyperspectral imaging is to be made of continuous wave band, and a kind of expression way that shows this spectrum and face of land phenomenon relation is to have set up the image cube, See Figure.

In the image cube, x and y axle are represented the space dimension of spectrum, farm of expression among the figure; The z axle is made up of all residue wave bands, and superimposed mode is as the page or leaf in ibideming.

The image cube is made:

(1) top layer images is R, G, B composograph;

(2) color is used R along the z axial flow variation of limit portion pixel, G, and B represents;

(3) all pixel z direction of principal axis constitutes the spectrum cube, has comprised many change informations in the spectrum cube.

5, Surface Temperature Retrieval model

Improve the division window algorithm of Surface Temperature Retrieval: set up the division window algorithm series model coefficient of different observation angles and face of land elevation influence, when (1) considers different moonscopes angle, the influence that brings because of the atmosphere radiation path.Setting up following interval between 0 °～65 ° respectively: be 10 ° of intervals between 0 °～30 °, 30 °～65 ° is 5 ° of intervals; (2) utilize face of land typical case wave spectrum knowledge base and vegetation canopy radiation delivery model, set up the relation between leaf area index and the pixel emissivity, with this relation as priori, for Surface Temperature Retrieval provides pixel level emissivity value; (3) according to the tangible 3 grades of step differences of China's landform, set up the algorithm model coefficient of different altitude height,

$T_s=(A_1+A_2\frac{1-\mathrm{\ϵ}}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}+A_3\frac{\mathrm{\Δ\ϵ}}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}^2})\frac{T_{31}+T_{32}}{2}+(B_1+B_2\frac{1-\mathrm{\ϵ}}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}+B_3\frac{\mathrm{\Δ\ϵ}}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}^2})(T_{31}-T_{32})+C$

Realize the day and night algorithm of Surface Temperature Retrieval: set up infrared and the radiance value of 7 passages of thermal infrared window and the look-up table between each parameter among the MODIS, utilize look-up table to draw and the immediate atmosphere profile of given observed reading initial value atmosphere profile; Holotype selects for use the RTTOV7.0 pattern to calculate radiance value under the different atmospheric conditions; Inversion algorithm is selected regularization constraint and Newton iteration inversion algorithm for use.

6, B batten multi-scale image is represented and registration model

Multiple dimensioned expression has the multiresolution characteristic based on the B-batten, and first order derivative and Hessian matrix can utilize the characteristic of multiple dimensioned recursive calculation to realize images match, basic model,

$S_1^n=\{g^n\left(x\right)=\underset{k=\∞}{\overset{+\∞}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}c\left(k\right){\mathrm{\β}}^n(x-k)\},x\∈R^1$

${\mathrm{\β}}^n\left(x\right)=\underset{j=0}{\overset{n+1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{{(-1)}^j}{n!}\left(\frac{n+1}{j}\right){(x+\frac{n+1}{2})}_{+}^n$

Wherein, ${\left(x\right)}_{+}^n=\max {\left(\mathrm{0,1}\right)}^n,n>0$

B-batten derivative recursive calculation model,

$\frac{{\∂\mathrm{\β}}^n\left(x\right)}{\∂x}={\mathrm{\β}}^{n-1}(x+\frac{1}{2})-{\mathrm{\β}}^{n-1}(x-\frac{1}{2})$

7, the inverse model of radar data soil moisture

Utilize the model of Wolfgang (wolfgang), think that the comparison between the backscattering coefficient (standardize 40 °) of same point can obtain the soil moisture information of this point based on detection of dynamic.For same point, the dried and the wettest ground table status of minimum and maximum σ ° (40) expression is used σ ° respectively _Dry(40, t) with σ ° _Wet(40), wherein σ ° _Dry(40, t) t in represents that the most dried situation is with changing season.

Suppose that σ ° (40) and surface soil moisture have a linear relationship, the soil moisture of wolfgang obtains model representation and is:

8, vegetation index

Ratio vegetation index:

NDVI＝(TM4/TM3)

Normalized differential vegetation index:

NDVI＝(TM4-TM3)/(TM4+TM3)

Soil is regulated vegetation index:

SAVI＝[(I+L)*(TM4-TM3)]/(TM4+TM3+L)，L＝0.5

The conversion vegetation index:

TVI＝(NDVI+0.5)

Environmental vegetation index:

EVI＝TM4-TM3

9, biomass model

Vegetation index cannot be directly used in weighs biomass or NPP, and it is by estimating these biological parameters with the relation of leaf area index (LAI) etc.The Foliage Absorption photosynthetically active radiation, photosynthesis is synthetic organic, and then vegetation index is connected by LAI and biomass.S.W Todd etc. utilized the TM data that the bottom grass grassland of herding He not herding that is positioned at rain shadow, Rocky mountain area is studied in 1998, wherein the related coefficient of the NDVI of grazing district and ground biomass is 0.812, the NDVI in grazing district and biomass related coefficient are not 0.304, and set up the spectral model of pastoral area biomass

Biomass=60.86+352.71*NDVI, wherein R2 is 0.66.

10, clean primary productivity model

NPP enters the carbon flux of green plants from atmosphere the unit time, and NPP is a fundamental of weighing variation of ecology and environment.

General formula: NPP=0.29*[exp (0.216) the * RDI**2 of clean primary productivity (Net primary productivity NPP)] Rn

Rn: year net radiation (kcal/cm**2)

RDI: radiation dry measure index (=Rn/ (lr))

I: potential transpiration heat (580cal/gH20)

R: annual precipitation (cm).

11, microwave remote sensing data ground parameter inverse model

The Gauss IEM area scattering model scope of application is Wider range is used as the fundamental formular that ground parameter extracts.

${\mathrm{\σ}}_{\mathrm{pp}}={\left|{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{pp}}\right|}^2\left[\frac{S_r}{{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{pp}}\left(\mathrm{\θ}\right)+b_{\mathrm{pp}}\left(\mathrm{\θ}\right)}\right]$

Wherein, pp represents the polarized state of incident-scattering, σ _PpRepresent the ground scatter coefficient under this polarized state, s _rBe ground discrete height S and the relevant coarse parameter s in ground of persistence length L _r=(ks) ²W.W is the single order energy spectrum of Gaussian distribution type ground related function.

Roughness: the parameter of describing surface roughness has 2, ground discrete height s and ground related function, and to the one-dimensional discrete data, ground, pixel unit is discrete highly to be,

$S=\sqrt{\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{Z}_i^2-N{\left(\stackrel{\‾}{z}\right)}^2}{N-1}}$

With the ground discrete height s surface roughness parameter S relevant with the ground length L _rRelevant with backscattering coefficient:

$10\log \left({\mathrm{\σ}}_{\mathrm{vv}}\right)={\mathrm{\σ}}_{\mathrm{vv}}\left(\mathrm{\θ}\right)+b_{\mathrm{vv}}\left(\mathrm{\θ}\right)10\log \frac{1}{s^r}$

12, radar interference is measured (INSAR) model

Interfering synthetic aperture radar measuring technique (INSAR) is that two synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) image with areal is the base conditioning data, by asking for the phase differential of two width of cloth SAR images, obtain interference image, then through phase unwrapping, from interference fringe, obtain landform altitude data new technology, the interferometry basic model

${\mathrm{\φ}}_p=-\frac{4\mathrm{\π}}{\mathrm{\λ}}(B\sin ({\mathrm{\θ}}_p^0-\mathrm{\α})-D_p+\frac{B_{\⊥p}^0}{R_{\mathrm{lp}}\sin {\mathrm{\θ}}_p^0}{H}_p)$

The B-parallax range;

$B_{\⊥p}^0=B\cos ({\mathrm{\θ}}_p^0-\mathrm{\α});$

H _p=Terrain Elevation;

D _pMove on=the face of land;

α=baseline values angle.

The radar differential interferometry is measured (D-INSAR): Differential Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar technology (D-INSAR) is meant two width of cloth interference images that utilize areal, wherein a width of cloth is the interference image that obtains by two width of cloth SAR before the deformational event, another width of cloth is the interference image by two width of cloth SAR Image Acquisition before and after the deformational event, obtains the measuring technique of face of land trace deformation by two width of cloth interferogram difference processing (removing earth curved surface, topographic relief influence) then.

For the spatial information database subsystem, for the demand of the mass data that satisfies the digital earth prototype, the remotely-sensed data subsystem is main contents with the deep processing of multiple dimensioned remote sensing normal data.Comprise four main modular such as spatial data processing, Remote Sensing Data Processing, characteristic information processing, thematic information analysis.

The spatial data processing module is used for realizing that the control bottom data is handled, the bottom control framework is laid and the bottom data accuracy test.The spatial data processing module is set up remote sensing normal data platform pre-service link, the topomap control background that will meet national surveying and mapping standard is used for the implementation of multi-space yardstick remotely-sensed data geometric accurate correction mathematical model, and generate be used for the accuracy test of geometric accurate correction quality with reference to background, make that can to estimate check evidence-based.Mainly comprise:

1, the control bottom data is handled---and realize the digital raster map that the scanning topomap is consistent with theoretical value by geometric accurate correction, eliminate the distortion inaccuracy of scanning errors and papery topomap.It is that remote sensing images geometric accurate correction mathematical model realizes the basis in the basis; And be applied to simultaneously data product quantification testing accuracy with reference to the background elementary cell.

2, the bottom control framework is laid---and with the digital raster map is elementary cell, the basic controlling framework of various coordinate-systems is satisfied in formation, be the basis that remote sensing images geometric accurate correction mathematical model realizes, also possess simultaneously and carry out the function of view data product quality accuracy test with reference to background.

3, bottom data accuracy test---be the check that remote sensing images geometric accurate correction mathematical model is realized basis and related data product quality precision, so that guarantee authority with reference to background with reference to background.

The Remote Sensing Data Processing module is used to realize the foundation of storehouse, reference mark of the same name, can estimates precision processing check and the foundation of image metadata storehouse.The Remote Sensing Data Processing module is set up remote sensing normal data platform, the remotely-sensed data of various spatial and temporal scales is carried out unified location, calibration, various remote sensing image datas are normalized in the same coordinate-system, with the theory of quantification among each processing links, feasible quality accuracy test as the remote sensing application basic data is based upon in the environment that can estimate, generates the standard remotely-sensed data background of suitable various application purposes.Mainly comprise:

1, storehouse, reference mark of the same name is set up---and choosing can either the requirement of meeting geometric fine correction mathematical model, has the Ground Control point set of typical meaning again.Its rationality of choosing is directly connected to the compound service precision in different pieces of information source and the basis of the same area Data Dynamic comparative analysis.Be the core that guarantees remote sensing image data product systems precision, prevent error transfer to greatest extent.And " the reference mark of the same name technology " that is proposed be used to control the system accuracy of remote sensing image data geometric accurate correction, prevent to cause the systematic error of remote sensing images product because of the difference that scheme is chosen at the reference mark.Its main effect is to make the check estimated of remote sensing image data product quality to have practical significance.

2, can estimate precision processing check---the check that remote sensing images geometric accurate correction product quality precision is carried out, owing to be that view data product and check placed same testing environment with reference to background, make quality inspection under transparent state, arbitrarily carry out, abandon the indistinct form of presentation of in the past each scape precision of images generally being taked a regional pixel value, guaranteed the authority of assay.

3, the image metadata storehouse is set up---and comprise that remote sensing images descriptor, geometric accurate correction reference mark choose the examining report of information and standard picture product etc., it is an important symbol of weighing standardization in the whole remote sensing image processing process.And make the train of thought of each concrete link of data product generation be tending towards clear, make the assay of quality precision have cogency.

The characteristic information processing module is used to realize reduction and enhancing, image mosaic match colors, non-homogeneous data assimilation and the multiple dimensioned data fusion of color.The characteristic information processing module is extracted intrinsic characteristic information in the various spectral coverage match respondings objectively on the basis of standard remotely-sensed data background, the operating process that standardize information extracts forms ripe characteristic algorithm pattern.Attempt new information extraction algorithm; Further inquire into, improve the standard of remote sensing image drawing and thematic charting.Mainly comprise:

1, the reduction of color, enhancing

2, image mosaic match colors

3, non-homogeneous data assimilation

4, multiple dimensioned data fusion

The thematic information analysis module is used to realize the remotely-sensed data achievement is carried out various remote sensing application analyses based on standard remotely-sensed data platform.The remotely-sensed data achievement that the thematic information analysis module will be built through standardization is carried out the various remote sensing application analyses based on standard remotely-sensed data platform according to the emphasis problem of national institute concern for the environment aspect.Be intended to the interactive decipher result's that outstanding remote sensing intrinsic information reflected application; Pay attention to intersection and infiltration between subject, the field, and progressively form the remote sensing analysis method that is applied to different subjects, field.Provide continuable various scientific analysis data to national departments concerned.Simultaneously, in conjunction with the characteristics of the multi-field covering of remotely-sensed data, in time understand and grasp degree, the trend of every field targetedly to the remotely-sensed data application demand.At urban environment, vegetation is dynamic, the waters is dynamic, the arable land is dynamic and aspect such as desertification, has carried out the applied analysis based on the normal data platform targetedly.Also will be in wetland environment, coastal zone transition, and carry out the work in aspect such as remote sensing archaeology.

For the grid computing subsystem, digital earth is the virtual earth that is formed by magnanimity, multiresolution, multidate, polymorphic type earth observation from space data and socioeconomic data and analytical algorithm thereof and model construction.To the processing of remotely-sensed data is a key in the digital earth.The grid computing subsystem be one based on gridding technique, at the processing platform of remotely-sensed data.We have realized the prototype system of grid computing subsystem at present.The native system utilization is carried out the inverting of ground and atmospheric parameter from the long-range MODIS data of obtaining of third party, and the atmospheric aerosol thickness in the designated geographic area and the information of vegetation index can also be provided.Native system provides a JSP Web portal, and the user uses native system by visit device (IE).Native system, triggers service and monitors its running status from remote data server or the local data that obtain according to user's request.In the implementation of task, native system becomes the experimental process task with a division of tasks, and the bundle Task Distribution carries out for the PC (or high-performance computer) in the grid computing pond then, reclaims and the integration execution result, and the result is returned to the user.

The logical organization of grid computing subsystem and external module as shown in Figure 7, the logical organization synoptic diagram of grid computing subsystem and external module in the digital globe antetype system that Fig. 7 provides for the utility model.The grid computing subsystem is relevant with following 2 external modules:

(1) data server: the grid subsystem local only provides demonstration data, and other data need to obtain from third-party data server.

(2) high-performance computer: excessive when some Processing tasks, the grid subsystem processes is transferred this task to high-performance computer and is handled at need.

The logical organization of grid computing subsystem and internal module as shown in Figure 8, the logical organization synoptic diagram of grid computing subsystem and internal module in the digital globe antetype system that Fig. 8 provides for the utility model.

In addition, Fig. 9 and Figure 10 also show grid computing subsystem data flow architecture synoptic diagram and grid computing subsystem controls flow structure synoptic diagram respectively.

Grid computing subsystem main modular (functions of modules, module interface) is as follows:

1, process control module

Function: carry out flow process control with the unit of being applied as.Adopt workflow technology.

Interface: and carry out alternately the JSP website.Be input as teledata URL, use desired parameters (user fills in), task odd numbers (website generation).

2, grid middleware

Function: centralized management and scheduling bottom hardware computational resource.Be responsible for the task that submit on the upper strata is calculated on available computers by certain strategy distribution, and reclaim the result.

Interface: with autoexec and task description file is carrier.Be input as the executable program of task, input, running environment demand; Be output as the result of calculation and the local log information of task.

3, initialization module

Function: prepare for special treatment, comprise that data obtain, teledata is obtained in the establishment of journal file, decompress(ion), and the subtask is cut apart and is encapsulated, Data Format Transform and interface conversion.

Interface: adopt the XML form, input parameter is teledata URL, the remote sensing parameter that special treatment is required, job order numbering; Output parameter is the subtask encapsulation parameter.

4, thematic processing module

Function: node provides Surface Temperature Retrieval, aerosol optical depth inverting, a series of vegetation indexs (NDVI, EVI, SAVI), face of land cover classification, cloud detection, geometric correction, shear, splicing, matching feature, concrete function is described referring to SIG-SID-PS-001 to SIG-SID-PS-011.

Interface: adopt proprietary protocol, input parameter is the subtask encapsulation parameter; Be output as the ASCII fromat data after the special function treatment, longitude and latitude data, metadata.

5, post-processing module

Function: the result of calculation of subtask is merged, generate the HDF file, and compression, put into result database.

Interface: the destination file collection (ASCIII formatted data, longitude and latitude data, metadata) that is input as the subtask; Be output as final compressed package result's URL.

The present concrete service function of grid computing subsystem has:

1. Surface Temperature Retrieval function

Functional description: divide window adaption division window method by moving, use the inverting of the thermal infrared data realization surface temperature of MODIS.

2. aerosol optical depth inverting function

Functional description: utilize dark picture dot method to extract the aerosol optical depth parameter of MODIS image.

3. normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI)

Functional description: earlier the MODIS data are carried out geometry correction, generate NDVI by the single width data again.

4. enhancement mode vegetation index (EVI)

Functional description: earlier the MODIS data are carried out geometry correction, generate EVI by the single width data again.

5. soil is regulated vegetation index (SAVI)

Functional description: earlier the MODIS data are carried out geometry correction, generate SAVI by the single width data again.

6. land cover classification

Functional description: earlier the MODIS data are carried out geometry correction, utilize the multiband information of remote sensing images again, carry out unsupervised classification, reach the purpose of extracting face of land coverage information.

7. cloud detection

Functional description: earlier the MODIS data are carried out geometry correction, then the cloud in the filtering image.

8. geometry correction

Functional description: utilize 1KM resolution latitude and longitude information in the 1B data of 500 meters resolution of MODIS as the reference mark, the MODIS data of 1KM resolution are carried out geometry correction, the gray scale method for resampling is for closing on most the method for interpolation.

9. image cut

Functional description: earlier the MODIS data are carried out geometry correction, from big image, cut out a less study area again.

10. image mosaic

Functional description: earlier the MODIS data are carried out geometry correction, by the geographic coordinate data of MODIS data inside, several adjacent MODIS 1B image datas are spliced into a bigger complete image again.

11. images match

Functional description: earlier the MODIS data are carried out geometry correction, the locating information of each pixel of obtaining of the result by geometric correction is carried out obtaining of same area data again, is used to generate several images to the coupling of areal.

For the map application service subsystem, this subsystem is by attribute binding, layer-management technology and R tree technical management spatial data and attribute data based on node, and adopted skin+skeleton technology, the storage that realizes mass data by distributed storage, distributed arithmetic technology with dynamically be written into and show, at least comprising visualization model and enquiry module, is the externally messagewindow of service of prototype system platform.

The Map Services subsystem is based on the global visual information system under the Internet environment.The system infrastructure support is transmitted the data of continual renovation based on the flow operation of bag equipment, is mixed with bag with the dynamic Service page (turnkey ASP) solution, and third party's data can independently be issued, and merges with the general data of client feedback.

At of the requirement of current remote sensing technology to mass data storage and transmittability, integrated state-of-the-art in the world at present two kinds of image compress techniques: multiresolution image wavelet compression form (MrSID) and strengthen compression small echo (ECW) based on small echo; Compression of magnanimity image data and managerial ability are provided, have solved real-time, the fast transmission of graphic data on Internet on a large scale.

System is by attribute binding, layer-management technology and R tree technical management spatial data and attribute data based on node.Adopted skin+skeleton technology in addition, and solved the storage of mass data and the problem that dynamically is written into, shows by distributed storage, distributed arithmetic technology.

Adopt the cluster of servers technology of TB, solved the bottleneck problem of Internet GIS, guarantee that the GIS of super large data volume uses efficient running.When scale enlarges, only need increase application example or server to get final product, originally Kai Fa application does not need to do any change, and can not need break in service fully and dynamically adding or unloading.When reducing cost, improve system performance greatly.

The technology of customer end adopted asynchronous transmission and client-cache when transmission and decompressing, and is done simplification with m-band wavelets (M-Band Wavelet) to landform, the problem that the solution user waits as long for according to the position of viewpoint to data.

On the browser of client, can superpose on the topographic layer vector data, mark and building model etc., this system with global landform scene browse, spatial analysis and bidirectional inquiry combine together.

System adopts genuine cyber identification plug-in unit (ActiveX) control building network client terminal/server structure (Client/Server) model, as shown in figure 11, map application service subsystem service procedure synoptic diagram in the digital globe antetype system that provides for the utility model of Figure 11.ActiveX is the Internet technology that is based upon on object linking and embedded technology (OLE) technical foundation, its basis is COM (Component Object Model), it is an Automation object, also be the com object of a standard, any program language or the application system that can be supported the OLE standard are used.ActiveX control and Web browser combine, and execution speed is fast, can realize with multilingual, and the source code of the multiplexing original software of energy, thus improved software development efficiency, set up the application system of complete function fast.ActiveX control can be realized by exploitation formula graphic language (OpenGL) shape library and ATL template, the interpretation model of OpenGL instruction is a Client, be that client (carrying out the application program of drawing with OpenGL) is to the server issue an order, these OpenGL orders are then explained by server, so OpenGL just has network transparency; ATL (ActiveX Template Library) is to the various New Parent technology based on COM of Microsoft, as MTS, ASP etc. good support is arranged, it can develop efficient, succinct code fast, and providing to greatest extent to the exploitation of com component, code generates and visual support automatically.Digital earth virtual system based on ActiveX control is to rely on modeling and the demonstration that ActiveX finishes the three-dimensional landform landscape.

Client part is interface and the interface mutual with the long-distance user, carries out communication by http agreement and server end.Mainly finish the functions such as interface of the roaming of the modeling of dimensional topography view and demonstration, scene and operation, spatial analysis and attribute information inquiry, three-dimensional model.

Client cushions respectively the data of different proportion chi, when the user operates, checks at first whether the data of buffer zone meet the requirements, if do not meet, and the data that should replenish to the server end request then.Client is transferred to the dem data of server and image data can be divided into two processes on this machine: the one, and the index file with data block when ActiveX control starts on browser passes to client and reads in internal memory, the 2nd, real-time transmission data when viewpoint variation or roaming: along with viewpoint draws in earthward, the visual angle is also corresponding to diminish, client is thereupon to server requests more high resolving power, data that spatial dimension is littler, otherwise viewpoint away from the time, if data are called in from server end, just no longer send request; When landform is roamed along the route of regulation, real-time rendering before not call in and be positioned at the data of what comes into a driver's body.In order to guarantee the continuity of data transmission, the program of client adopts the pattern of multithreading, and when showing certain layer data, another thread is called in its adjacent data block on the backstage simultaneously.

The principal character of this map application service subsystem is: (1) can transmit the different levels data in real time by suitable index and search argument, guarantees consistance, the integrality of data, realizes the data reusing of client.(2) in a single day data call in internal memory or resident this locality, and it is irrelevant to be convenient to server end, so can reduce the redundant transmission and the pressure that alleviates server of data.But these characteristics satisfying magnanimity data visualizations are to the requirement of technology such as multi-layer information demonstration, valid data transmission, intelligent convergent-divergent.

Characteristics of Web environment are exactly the rapid reaction for user's operation, alternative information is a lot of among the Internet, if the stand-by period is oversize, the user can abandon the requirement of this information or transfer in the service of out of Memory, this just requires should reduce operand as far as possible at server end, and more data operation is distributed to client.Server end comprises two parts: the one, and Web server part, the 2nd, database section.Web server mainly is to receive the request that client is submitted to, and fast searching and returns the result to long-range client by http protocol to the data that satisfy condition in database.Database towards the virtual reality system of digital earth mainly comprises three-dimensional modeling data storehouse, digital elevation model (DEM) database, image database.Its data from resolution covering the whole world for somewhat or the satellite image of several seconds dem data and resolution hundreds of rice to the high-resolution dem data of regional area with just penetrating aviation image, data volume is well imagined, several at least G, G up to a hundred at most even several TB.For big data like this, want on low and middle-grade microcomputers, to reach the purpose of real-time, interactive, must be to data classification, block management.

The functional module of map application service subsystem mainly comprises:

1, visualization model

After the system start-up, can control map, can steplessly amplify by menucommand.Along with classification is amplified, call the image of bigger resolution in the viewing area.Can observe from different angles, route is in accordance with regulations browsed etc.Can realize by any one location that keyboard and mouse or navigation ball can be roamed about the world, really having realized " What You See Is What You Get " from having a guide look of the whole world to certain cities and towns of detailed observation even the littler zone of scope.

2, enquiry module

(1) " data checks of basic space data " basic function:

Map is amplified, dwindles, roams, resets.

The control of figure layer, the browser end vector format shows.

Support the concurrent user

From the information inquiry figure, from graphical query information

The flicker of selection pel

Hawkeye

The switch of expressing multi-layer data (classification of various special topics, basic vector data is as distributions such as road (highway, street, railway, annotation), water system, greenery patches, boundary, viaduct, public bus network, underground utilities, hospital, school, post office, refuelling station, charge station, parking lot, call box, railway station, sports buildings, movie theatre, the Art Museum, memorial museum, museum, exhibition center, library, former residence, department store, supermarket, market, office building, office building, commercial building, mansion, banks) hierarchical shows and the disappearance effect

Express inquiry location (administrative place name, name, building name, street name, hospital, school, post office, tourist attractions, restaurant etc.) the naturally band attribute data of the bank of geographical names.

(2) graphic presentation

System can carry out the layering synthesis display with each class hierarchy polar plot and basal relief map, comprises that figure stepless zooming, figure are smoothly roamed, graphic presentation " hawkeye " function.

(3) space querying

Can carry out flexile two-way space querying to graphical information in the generalized information system and attribute information (database information).

For the virtual reality subsystem, in conjunction with the result of other subsystem of digital globe antetype system, the virtual reality subsystem has mainly carried out the exploitation of following functional module.

1, Mass Data Management functional module

Because some industry department not only will manage the data of real-time collection, and will keep, put in order the historical data in a period of time, so that correlation circumstance is predicted.

The native system platform by setting up the emulation special use the geographic landscape database and the thematic data base of emulation special use, possess the Mass Data Management function.

The simultaneity factor software and hardware adopts product leading in the world, possesses the data of dissimilar and scale and the speciality of using object can not collapse, and flexible and strong Restoration Mechanism; Possessing perfect mechanism of authorization control based comes safeguards system not destroyed intentionally or by mistake; Can possess and under the environment of concurrent response and interactive operation, ensure data security and consistance.

2, the real time roaming of large-scale geographic landscape is browsed and the editting function module

Supporting various visual angles to browse with full frame browses.The multiple control mode of browsing can freely be switched.

Support historical playback.Navigation process can be noted, and in needs, carry out playback.

Support screen grasps.Can at any time the current screen content be preserved as image file.

Flexible flight path editting function.Utilize the flight path editing machine, can arbitrary editor's flight path.

Support the target information query function.Target query function easily is provided, can have obtained the descriptor of intended target in the scene easily.

Real visual simulation effect.By to means such as the foundation of the processing of remote sensing images, digital elevation model, the importing of highway water system layer vector, the appointments of regional details pinup picture, produce chip level scene result of browse rapidly.Support special demonstrations such as sky, cloud, daylight shadow, atomizing.

3, three dimensional analysis and Presentation Function module

Provide the interface of GIS analytic function, comprehensively the three dimensional analysis function.Can inquire about terrain data, can carry out statistical study terrain data.Support is carried out the measurement of variety of way with visual way to landform, and carries out measurement result visual in mode intuitively.Can carry out terrain analysis, intervisibility analysis, water logging analysis.

4, the visualization function module of digital simulation model

The example that is applied as with fwaater resources protection; the interface of water resource model can be provided; use remote sensing; remote measurement; GPS; the real time data that Information Acquisition Systems such as microwave provide; perfect in the system platform exploitation; system with 3D computer vision effect; realize the heavy rain analytical model; the rainfall runoff forecasting model; the peb process computation model; advance of freshet model etc. visual; realize the basin physical geography; the data analysis of social economy and water engineering facility; the numerical simulation of flood big flood evolution process and result of calculation visualization display etc.; under the different flood conditions of qualitative assessment; the flood scheduling; detention basin flood diversion; the risk that dyke bursts is for the flood control decision-making provides scientific basis.

5, the visualization function module of engineering construction model and scheme

The addressing of engineering construction, planning, management and simulation control.Can calculate the earthwork excavated volume and the workload of the engineering construction of zones of different on demand.By creating three-dimensional scenic, can understand the engineering overall picture in advance, utilize emulation technology to simulate the working order of various facilities.

By trigger, software packages such as sensor can be simulated the control various device, performance function situation, the variation of the various complexity of simulation facility.

Virtual reality (Virtual Reality-VR) is also referred to as clever border, is a kind of computer system that can create with the experiencing virtual world (Virtual World).Virtual world is all of all virtual environments (VirtualEnvironment) or given simulation object.Virtual environment is generated by computing machine, by looking, listen, senses of touch etc. act on the user, make it to produce the interactive vision simulation of sensation on the spot in person, thereby a virtual environment system on the spot in person is by comprising computer graphics, Flame Image Process and pattern-recognition, the intelligence interface technology, artificial intelligence technology, multi-sensor technology, speech processes and audio-visual technology, network technology, difference in functionality such as parallel processing technique and high-performance computer system, the large-scale synthesis the integration environment that subsystem constituted with considerable scale of different levels, so virtual reality technology is comprehensive extremely strong new high-tech IT, in military affairs, medical science, design, art, a lot of fields such as amusement have all obtained using widely.

In each stage of virtual reality technology drawing-in system analog simulation, the people is immersed wherein, the problem of required solution there is understanding clearly, and needn't goes to observe the result of emulation in the screen outside, will make the foundation of model and verify convenient.Virtual reality technology is mainly reflected in: computing machine is according to technology such as the domain knowledge base of being set up and database utilization artificial intelligence, pattern-recognitions, and master control mechanism carries out modeling, study, planning and calculating.Carry out the visual simulation in this field by the three-dimensional animation production and the demonstration helmet; Carry out the simulation in this field by sensing mechanism and sense of touch gloves; Carry out speech simulation by sound equipment making and adlib; Carry out the innervation simulation by machinery control and gearing.The movement response that the people is done these stimulus to the sense organ feeds back to master control mechanism then, thereby produces the simulation of new perceptual model in real time.

The structure of this virtual reality subsystem and composed as follows: digital globe antetype system virtual reality subsystem hardware environment mainly is made up of computer host system, control system, optical projection system, interactive device system and software systems (science software for calculation, data base administration, three-dimensional artificial software) five parts.

The principal character of this virtual reality subsystem is as follows:

1) high performance graphics workstation

2) projector of high brightness and display screen (plane, sphere or cylinder)

3) edge merges and the colour correction electronic technology

4) centralized data, audio frequency and illumination control system (comprising the screen that the tactile face is pulled)

5) stereoscopy device (dispensing device and active and passive stereo observation glasses)

6) input control device (as operating rod and tracking ball)

7) Xian Jin output unit (as head phone, and haptic device)

8) high fidelity, multichannel audio/video playback system

9) real-time three-dimensional application software, kit and utility routine

10) large data base management system and network technology

The technical matters of this virtual reality subsystem is as follows: utilize object-oriented (Object Oriented) technology, with top-grade computer and workstation is platform, adopt the MultiGen Creator of simulation software, Vega, Performer, Motif etc. as developing instrument, be based upon the virtual reality system of moving under the IRIX operating system environment of SGI.

1, the real-time simulation of geographic landscape in the zone

This part mainly realizes the displaying live view of ultra-large scene, and the platform of real-time simulation is provided for resource rational utilization and planning, environmental protection etc.Specifically comprising with 1: 10 ten thousand, 1: 1 ten thousand terrain data adopts remote sensing image processing PCI software to generate the DEM storehouse, and set up 3D artificially generated terrain landforms, comprise basin landform, surface infrastructure etc., show some position information such as hydrometric station, rain condition station, hydrology measuring point and city.River, highway, railway isovector line attribute, block information such as planar information such as reservoir, lake, building.Set up the geometric model storehouse of correlation space object in the basin (as river, monitoring equipment, highway, water conservancy projects, residential area, crops), each how much targets are accurately located, and the geometric model of calling in model bank dynamic, real-time when large scene emulation is browsed.

2, model is virtual visual

Interface with thematic model is provided, and the data of utilizing model to provide are carried out the real time modelling of various yardsticks to weather system, ecology and environmental change etc., for accurately disclosing and holding spontaneous phenomenon and inherent law provides advanced technological means.Can displaying live view disaster (big flood, drought) develop and evolution process, really accomplish to come into plain view.

3, based on the aid decision making support of virtual reality

Integrated by to top, under data, geographic model are supported, by various Professional Model, the final auxiliary decision-making support system that forms based on virtual reality.

Set up the comprehensive knowledge base of content, this knowledge base should contain such as national relevant laws, rules and various policy, handle the experiences and lessons of similar problem in history, the layout and the specific requirement thereof of the planning of in river basin planning, the basin and relevant range, the project planning of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream, contents such as the restraining factors of socio-economic development, thereby the aid decision making that is formed with stronger visual representing ability is supported scheme base, and relevant various information are carried out overall treatment.

Resource management system and all kinds of engineering thereof have often been formed a complex engineering system, and how these complex engineering effectively being managed is the work that difficulty is very big.What conventional data management mode adopted is the mode that database and planar graph engage, this mode can only show the position attribution of engineering, the overall picture that can not show engineering, vivid inadequately, lack the multimedia animation technology, utilize advanced geographic information computer technology and simulating reality technology, spatial information showed intuitively with the form of three-dimensional stereo model give sensation on the spot in person, while is added to various thematic features on the three-dimensional stereo model, carry out the overlay analysis of model and characteristic attribute, with the space diagram is that background shows in conjunction with the multimedia means information of carrying out, truly, intuitively, dynamically reproduce natural landscape and present situation engineering distribution situation and engineering construction situation, obtain the information that conventional method is difficult to obtain, and engineering accurately located in three-dimensional environment and describe, can allow the decision maker that overall situation is arranged, clear and definite understanding helps the decision maker to realize the science decision of engineering construction and management.

Based on the detailed description of the above-mentioned digital globe antetype system that the utility model is provided, the digital earth basic theory framework and the interoperability extended model of right observation technology proposed below.As shown in figure 12, the digital globe antetype system Framework Architecture figure that provides for the utility model of Figure 12.

The research contents of the digital globe antetype system CAS 1.0 that the utility model provides mainly is divided into fundamental research, gordian technique research and development and field and uses three broad aspect.Integrated the data resource of nearly 3TB at present, the dozens of Database Systems, and the application that changes a plurality of fields such as Remote Sensing Dynamic Monitoring, digital city, Digital Olympics, the energy, archaeology, tourism for crops the yield by estimation, disaster monitoring, city provides service and support.Below be elaborated once more from hardware environment construction and two aspects of system frame structure respectively.

1, hardware environment construction:

1.1, the EOS/MODIS receiving system

The EOS/MODIS receiving system is made up of following subsystem: antenna and Control Subsystem (antenna, feed, servo and control); Channel subsystem (low noise amplifier, up-conversion, low-converter, detuner); Data are taken in subsystem (frames in high speed synchronous plate); Receive and processing subsystem (computing machine and software package); Mass data record and storage subsystem; High-end data product subsystem.

Exhausted most hardware of this system has been realized production domesticization, has also absorbed the part advanced foreign technology simultaneously, as advancing machine plate and receiving software at a high speed.At present, this system operation situation is good, compares with other MODIS receiving systems, has following technical characterstic: the Antenna Design novelty, and the tracking accuracy height, the wind square is little; Channel is difunctional, can receive two satellites (TERRA and AQUI) data; Data Receiving is handled full process automatization; System is when receiving, but the real-time color image is looked soon; Real-time system operational parameters report; Calibration data processing computing velocity is fast; Automatically produce retrieval and browse image file; Receive grading automatical file with deal with data; The intelligent management of data archiving resource; Automatically read the orbit prediction parameter on the net; Produce infrared band image (non-visible light); The real-time demonstration (graphical interfaces) of sub-satellite track.

1.2 system integration hardware environment

One of host computer system: SGI 3200 super graphics workstation

Control and interactive system: azimuth tracker one cover and high-grade 3 of the projectors (containing 10 meters chord lengths, 3 meters high arc lenticular screen one covers) of Crestron centralized control system one cover optical projection system: Barco909

Miscellaneous equipment: anaglyph spectacles 50 pairs, one of SGI 330 nt workstation, some of microcomputers, stereo set and high precision scanner, digital camera, CD writer, magnetic tape station, 360G disk array etc.

1.3 system development software environment

Programming language: VC++6.0, the C of Unix environment, C++, Motif

Flame Image Process and GIS software: PCI, Arcinfo 8.0, Arcview3.1 PhotoShop etc.

Simulation modeling instrument: MultiGen Creator, Maya, 3D Max, AutoCad

Scene drive: Vega, OpenGL, OpenGL Performer

2. digital globe antetype system CAS1.0 framework

2.1 the digital earth system is made of three basic training ergospheres: basic data layer, digital earth service layer and client layer constitute, as shown in figure 13, and the synoptic diagram of three basic training ergospheres of digital globe antetype system that Figure 13 provides for the utility model.

2.2 the basic function of digital globe antetype system CAS1.0:

Terrain model is analyzed: can generate the plane/stereo contour map, (as the gradient, aspect, ditch ridge coefficient etc.), distance measurements are calculated, sectional view is made and the base area graphic data is extracted water system etc. automatically to carry out the terrain factor analysis.

Face of land 3 D rendering: provide powerful three-dimension interaction terrain visualization environment to TIN model and grid model, supported multiple drafting modes such as elevation tints, remote sensing image stack, vector data stack; Realize the multi-angle Real Time Observation of three-dimensional scenic, dynamic flight simulation; Output functions such as wash-off relief map, flight scene recording are provided

The space overlay analysis: provide the district to district, line to district, point to district, district to point, point to the line overlay analysis etc., support the analysis of high-level efficiency big data quantity.

Elevation library management: adopt pyramid structure to deposit the raster data of multiple spatial resolution, realize to the quick seamless roam and the extraction of graphic data entirely.

Model is used: proximate analysis functions such as the drawing of spot elevation mark, line visuality and visible range, Earthwork Calculation, surperficial optimal path, basin, flood inundation on tracks are provided.

2.3 digital globe antetype system data framework

Digital earth data structure, multiresolution remotely-sensed data are the substance data framework, realize mass data storage, the data structure of management 3D view.As shown in figure 14, the framed structure synoptic diagram of the digital globe antetype system that provides for the utility model of Figure 14.

2.4 architecture:

Digital globe antetype system CAS1.0 adopts three-layer architecture, overall architecture as shown in figure 15, the architectural schematic of the digital globe antetype system that Figure 15 provides for the utility model.

Adopt three-decker to solve:

Multiple server in the institute, its number or kind are above 50;

Application is write with different language;

A plurality of above heterogeneous data sources are as different DBMS or file system;

High work load for example surpasses 50,000 issued transaction every day or visits the concurrent user number of same database above 300 at same system;

Be applied to enterprises and institutions' internal-external communication.

2.5 the composition of digital globe antetype system CAS1.0:

Digital globe antetype system CAS1.0 version is through the construction of four years, finished the foundation of a plurality of subsystems such as Data Receiving and fast processing, grid computing, spatial information database, metadata service, model bank, Map Services and virtual reality, in whole flow process, obtain from data, express to data analysis and demonstration, subsystem closely is connected, and constitutes the digital earth workbench.

In conjunction with above introduction as seen, current state-of-the-art technology that digital globe antetype system CAS1.0 has been integrated, and it is successfully applied in the practical application.The theory and the method for exploring a cover research digital earth, realization digital earth of its success, and, fundamentally solve the difficult situation that digital earth stays in theory stage for a long time by constantly upgrading is perfect.

Above-described specific embodiment; the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is a specific embodiment of the utility model; be not limited to the utility model; all within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. a digital globe antetype system is characterized in that, this digital globe antetype system comprises:

Receive and the data of handling spaceborne Moderate Imaging Spectroradiomete MODIS emission, and the fast processing warehouse-in, the Data Receiving and the fast processing subsystem of the basic data source of other subsystems test and application in the digital globe antetype system is provided;

Metadata information in the database of management total system provides the metadata service subsystem of service for system rationally utilizes metadata information in the database fast;

For the spatial data of digital globe antetype system is handled and the model bank subsystem of analyzing the universal model that algorithm and application program are provided;

Spatial data in the administering digital earth prototype system carries out standardization, extraction and analysis to the spatial data in the objective simulation and the world that reflects reality, and forms the spatial information database subsystem of the database that suitable multi-field scale uses;

Obtain data according to user's request from remote data server or this locality, trigger service and monitor its running status, a division of tasks is become the experimental process task, the bundle Task Distribution carries out for the computing machine in the grid computing pond then, reclaim and the integration execution result, the result is returned to user's grid computing subsystem;

Under internet environment, realize the map application service subsystem of global information visualization;

Carry out modeling, study, planning and calculating according to the domain knowledge base of being set up and database utilization artificial intelligence, mode identification technology, realize the virtual reality subsystem that vision, sense of touch, the sense of hearing and dynamic virtual reality are simulated.

2. digital globe antetype system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described Data Receiving and fast processing subsystem comprise:

The operation conditions of control and monitoring land station various piece is in the mode of direct command or pre-establish the ground station control system module that the mode of program is moved;

Realize the satellite orbit newspaper calculates, orbit parameter shows and track is chosen acquiring satellite and tracking module;

Realize the Data Receiving that Data Receiving and data are looked soon and look module soon;

To receiving and unpacking regular, geo-location and processing is corrected in calibration, generate 0 grade, the data processing module of the MODIS formatted data of 1A level, 1B grade standard through pretreated raw data;

Generate 0 grade, 1A level, 1B level MODIS normal data product, wherein 1B level product form is the earth observing system/Hierarchical Data Format EOS/HDF of standard, and provide towards land, the data production module of high-level data product that ocean and atmospheric remote sensing are used;

The data product that generates is carried out the data readback and the editor module of playback demonstration and editing and processing;

The data at different levels that system receives and handles are carried out intelligent file, distribution, management and backed up data distribution and backup module;

The application software module of how much accurately correction of MODIS data, MODIS data whole nation mosaic map mosaic and administrative boundary stack, fire monitoring, floods monitoring, drought monitoring, Surface Temperature Retrieval, vegetation index calculating, cloud detection, ocean water colour and accumulated snow monitoring information is provided.

3. digital globe antetype system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described metadata service subsystem comprises:

Realize the space element data gateway of client and server end information interaction;

Reception is from the information of space element data gateway, after resolving, call corresponding functional modules, return results collection if desired, then the result is organized the back and return to client with the form of extensible markup language XML document, and the space element data server issued on the Internet of responsible space element data;

The collection of implementation space metadata, the space element database manager of storing, administering and maintaining;

Come management of metadata pattern information, metadata record and various mapping relations for client provides an interface, comprise interpolation, deletion and revise and browse the space element data query instrument of metadata record;

By the space element data management instrument that subscriber interface module and protocol processes transport module constitute, described subscriber interface module is used for realizing and user interactions, input inquiry condition and present Query Result; The protocol processes transport module is used for the query argument that subscriber interface module is collected is organized into query statement, sends to the space element data server by ICP/IP protocol, and the search space metadatabase hands over subscriber interface module to show Query Result then.

4. digital globe antetype system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the universal model of preserving in the described model bank subsystem comprises at least:

Cloud model, pyramid structure remotely-sensed data Fast Compression and playback model, multiple dimensioned remote sensing images small echo Fusion Model, high-spectrum remote sensing cube model, Surface Temperature Retrieval model are removed in improved homomorphic filtering, the batten multi-scale image is represented and the inverse model of registration model, radar data soil moisture, vegetation index model biomass model, clean primary productivity model, microwave remote sensing data ground parameter inverse model and radar interference are measured the INSAR model.

5. digital globe antetype system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described spatial information database subsystem comprises:

Realize that the control bottom data is handled, the bottom control framework is laid and the spatial data processing module of bottom data accuracy test;

Realize that storehouse, reference mark of the same name sets up, can estimate the Remote Sensing Data Processing module that precision processing check and image metadata storehouse are set up;

Realize the reduction of color and the characteristic information processing module of enhancing, image mosaic match colors, non-homogeneous data assimilation and multiple dimensioned data fusion;

The thematic information analysis module analyzed based on the various remote sensing applications of standard remotely-sensed data platform is carried out in realization to the remotely-sensed data achievement.

6. digital globe antetype system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described grid computing subsystem comprises:

The process control module that adopts workflow technology flow process to be controlled with the unit of being applied as;

Centralized management and scheduling bottom hardware computational resource calculate by certain strategy distribution the task that submit on the upper strata, and reclaim result's grid middleware on available computers;

Prepare for special treatment, comprise that data obtain, teledata is obtained in the establishment of journal file, decompress(ion), and the subtask is cut apart and is encapsulated, the initialization module of Data Format Transform and interface conversion;

For providing Surface Temperature Retrieval, aerosol optical depth inverting, normalized differential vegetation index, enhancement mode vegetation index, soil, node regulates the thematic processing module of vegetation index, soil coverage information classification, cloud detection, geometry correction, image cut, image mosaic and images match;

The result of calculation of subtask is merged, generate the HDF file, and compress, put into the post-processing module of result database.

7. digital globe antetype system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described map application service subsystem is by attribute binding, layer-management technology and R tree technical management spatial data and attribute data based on node, and adopted skin+skeleton technology, the storage that realizes mass data by distributed storage, distributed arithmetic technology with dynamically be written into and show, at least comprising visualization model and enquiry module, is the externally messagewindow of service of prototype system platform.

8. digital globe antetype system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described virtual reality subsystem comprises:

Realization manages the data of real-time collection, and keeps and put in order the Mass Data Management functional module of historical data in a period of time;

Realize that the real time roaming of the large-scale geographic landscape that large-scale geographic landscape real time roaming is browsed and edited browses and the editting function module;

The interface of GIS analytic function is provided, comprehensive three dimensional analysis function, the inquiry terrain data, terrain data is carried out statistical study, support is carried out the measurement of variety of way with visual way to landform, and measurement result is carried out visual three dimensional analysis and Presentation Function module in mode intuitively;

Realize the visualization function module of the visual digital simulation model of digital simulation model;

Realize the visualization function module of engineering construction model and visual engineering construction model of scheme and scheme.

Images