CN201054073Y - Developing box for laser printer - Google Patents
Developing box for laser printer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201054073Y CN201054073Y CNU2007200532653U CN200720053265U CN201054073Y CN 201054073 Y CN201054073 Y CN 201054073Y CN U2007200532653 U CNU2007200532653 U CN U2007200532653U CN 200720053265 U CN200720053265 U CN 200720053265U CN 201054073 Y CN201054073 Y CN 201054073Y
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- delevoping cartridge
- carbon dust
- puddle support
- laser printer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a developing box used in a laser printer. The utility model comprises a power storehouse used for containing the carbon power, a stirring frame used for stirring the carbon power, a power delivering roller which conveys the carbon power to a developing roller, a milling sword adjusting the thickness of the carbon powder on the surface of the developing roller, the developing roller arranging the carbon powder on the surface of a sensitization drum. The two storehouse walls of the power storehouse are respectively provided with a transparent window along the axial direction of the developing roller. The stirring frame is parallel to the axial direction of the developing roller through the central axle of the stirring frame, is positioned in the power storehouse in the manner of revolving around the central axle, and is respectively provided with a blade which is used for scraping the carbon power on the surface of the transparent window that is towards the cavity of the power storehouse. The inner wall of the power storehouse is provided with a concave section in the vertical and upward direction of at least one transparent window. The developing box can effectively reduce the remnant amount of the carbon power in the power storehouse.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the laser printer Delevoping cartridge.This Delevoping cartridge is an architecture basics by powder storehouse, puddle support, powder feeding roller and developer roll, is used for holding the developer carbon dust and by developer roll carbon dust is laid in equably down the surface of the photosensitive drums that is assembled in printer in working order for example that stores up scheduled volume.
Background technology
Electrophotographic image forming, for example laser printer is the photosensitive drums that has predetermined uniform potential by the laser scanning irradiation, forms electrostatic latent image on its surface.This electrostatic latent image is developed with predetermined carbon dust, and then will be transferred on the paper, the image fixing of transfer printing acquisition, become the visual image that naked eyes can be observed afterwards,---signal---conversion between the image that realizes image thus through the image that develops.
Common laser printer is provided with charging roller, photosensitive drums, laser scanning mechanism, Delevoping cartridge, transfer roll and fixing roller etc. in its casing.Wherein, photosensitive drums charges to the predetermined electromotive force that is evenly distributed by charging roller, and accept and response by laser scanning mechanism emitted laser bundle, form corresponding to the electrostatic latent image for the treatment of print image on its surface.Store carbon dust in the container that Delevoping cartridge is established within it, and utilize powder feeding roller and developer roll that carbon dust is sent to the photosensitive drums that has electrostatic latent image and reach the state of even covering electrostatic latent image.Formed visual image is transferred on the paper between photosensitive drums and the transfer roll by transfer roll on the photosensitive drums, utilizes fixing roller that the carbon dust image on the paper is given photographic fixing at last.
Usually, as the Delevoping cartridge of developing mechanism, its employed developer for example carbon dust is a kind of consumptive material.Carbon dust with constant volume reserves restriction is run out after the printing through some paper consumes immediately, causes replacing, additional carbon dust to become a regular job.Different production firms can propose the product design scheme of multiple version for different design concepts.For example, powder feeding roller and developer roll etc. is fitted in together, is designed to a separate unit, can be referred to as developing cell or Delevoping cartridge; Photosensitive drums, useless powder collecting bin, charging roller etc. are fitted in together, are designed to a separate unit, can be referred to as induction installation, perhaps imaging device; Perhaps the powder storehouse that is used to hold a certain amount of carbon dust of storage is separated and be designed to a separate unit, can be referred to as cartridge, perhaps the powder storehouse that powder feeding roller, developer roll and appearance are stored up a certain amount of carbon dust concentrates design as a whole, obtains one and integrates carbon dust supply, laying and carbon dust and store all multi-functional Delevoping cartridges.This split design concept can fully and reasonably utilize its technology potential according to the technical characteristic of each unit, also can bring bigger facility for links such as production, accumulating and consumer choose.
Yet,, remain improved link also existing aspect the use monitoring the process of developer though the manufacturer has considered the configuration relation of developing cell, induction installation, cartridge and Delevoping cartridge comparatively all sidedly.In adopting weight monitoring and puddle support torque monitoring Delevoping cartridge, the method for carbon dust capacity, also has a kind of optical monitoring method.The weight monitoring method is that the consumption situation of carbon dust in the Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse is compared with the state of completely adorning carbon dust, to obtain the actual reserves of carbon dust in print procedure in the powder storehouse.Therefore, the weight when carbon dust weight monitoring method needs the accurate hole capital after selling all securities weight of weighing Delevoping cartridge and completely adorns carbon dust, and be aided with the weight detecting mechanism of superprecision, so that cause printer or Delevoping cartridge complex structure, bulky.Monitor the method for carbon dust actual reserves in the print procedure or surplus for the moment of torsion that utilizes puddle support with the variation of carbon dust total amount in the Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse, the complexity of its detecting unit structure and the accuracy of configuration relation require to have only the overweight monitoring mode and do not have too late.Optical monitoring method dual mode before can reduce the complexity of mechanical realization and the accuracy requirement of parts configuration relation.For example, the infrared light that employing is positioned at the light-emitting component emission of Delevoping cartridge outside penetrates Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse along the direction that is parallel to the developer roll axis of Delevoping cartridge inside, after the stretch journey that in the powder storehouse, moves ahead immediately, receive the light that passes from Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse by the optical receiving set that is arranged in the outside relative side of Delevoping cartridge, and state corresponding to unglazed or few light, that is light is developed the state that the carbon dust in the box powder storehouse covers, and translates the carbon dust of reading to contain for Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse content q.s; Corresponding to the state that has light or light all to appear, that is light almost without hindrance state of walking in Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse, translate read not enough or run out reminding user to replace Delevoping cartridge or additional carbon dust for carbon dust in the Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse.
This optical monitoring method need Infrared along the long limit of Delevoping cartridge or the direction that is parallel to the developer roll axis in the powder storehouse, advance.In order to improve the accuracy of detection of carbon dust surplus in the Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse, the light of optical monitoring mechanism emission should be as far as possible near Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse diapire, that is the powder bulkhead that descends carbon dust to pile up naturally according to self gravitation in working order, make between Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse diapire and light and can not remain on the least possible state the carbon dust amount that light is exerted one's influence.Use the Delevoping cartridge of this optical monitoring method, need set corresponding light inlet window,, generally will take the cleaning device of scraping blade and so on for example to wipe the carbon dust of light inlet window surface adhesion light inlet window simultaneously for guaranteeing the translucent effect of light inlet window.When the cleaning light inlet window, the scraping blade light inlet window wall of periodically swiping, before after scraping blade was scraped light inlet window, scraping light inlet window to its secondary, carbon dust in the Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse often can not be filled into the bottom, powder storehouse at light inlet window place immediately, especially the carbon dust major part in Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse is consumed, at least a portion of light inlet window is emerging in after the carbon dust out-pile portion, all the more so, cause light inlet window being in high light transmission state during this period, light beam is able to appear in Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse almost undampedly, so that still possess under the situation of a great deal of carbon dust in Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse, printer can misread as carbon dust to this state and run out, and causes unnecessary waste.
The utility model content
The utility model purpose is to provide a kind of laser printer Delevoping cartridge, this Delevoping cartridge is intended to solve the problem that its light inlet window can not in time reflect carbon dust surplus in the Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse, improve the feedback speed of carbon dust surplus in the printer monitoring cartridge powder storehouse, reduce the residual quantity of carbon dust in the powder storehouse.
Laser printer Delevoping cartridge of the present utility model, comprise the powder storehouse that is used to hold carbon dust, the puddle support that is used to stir carbon dust, carbon dust be transported to developer roll powder feeding roller, regulate the powder delivery cutter of developer roll surface carbon powder layer thickness, carbon dust be laid in the developer roll of photosensitive drum surface.The powder position in storehouse respectively is provided with a light inlet window on two axial bulkheads of developer roll.Puddle support is parallel to developer roll axially and can be positioned at the powder storehouse around the mode of this axis rotation with its axis, and respectively is provided with one at it along the axial two ends of developer roll and is used to strike off the blade of light inlet window towards the lip-deep carbon dust of powder storehouse inner chamber.On the inwall of powder storehouse, be provided with recessed district upward in the vertical of at least one light inlet window.
Aforementioned laser printer Delevoping cartridge, the end that its puddle support axially closes on the light inlet window that is provided with recessed district along developer roll is provided with elasticity and leads the powder sheet.Lead the powder sheet and on the puddle support sense of rotation, be positioned at the downstream of blade.
Preferably, aforementioned laser printer Delevoping cartridge, it leads the width of powder sheet on the puddle support diametric(al) less than aforementioned recessed district width in the same direction.
Preferably, aforementioned laser printer Delevoping cartridge, it is led the powder sheet and is deep in this recessed district during through aforementioned recessed district in puddle support rotation on the puddle support central axis direction.
According to qualifications, aforementioned laser printer Delevoping cartridge, the vertical in two light inlet windows on its powder storehouse inwall respectively is provided with a recessed district upward.
Preferably, aforementioned laser printer Delevoping cartridge is respectively arranged with elasticity and leads the powder sheet along being parallel to the axial two ends of developer roll at its puddle support.Lead the powder sheet is positioned at the blade corresponding with it simultaneously on the puddle support sense of rotation tract for two.
Optimally, aforementioned laser printer Delevoping cartridge is led the width of powder sheet on the puddle support diametric(al) less than recessed district in the same direction the width corresponding with it for its two.
Better, aforementioned laser printer Delevoping cartridge is led the powder sheet for its two and is deep in the recessed district corresponding with it when the recessed district of puddle support rotation process on the puddle support central axis direction.
Laser printer Delevoping cartridge of the present utility model is provided with recessed district above the iuuminting window of powder storehouse.Stir in the process of carbon dust at puddle support, carbon dust can constantly enter into this recessed district, also constantly freely falls from this recessed district simultaneously.The carbon dust that falls forms the carbon dust heap near light inlet window, perhaps form atomizing atmosphere in the carbon dust falling process near light inlet window.Like this, after the light beam that is used to detect the infrared ray and so on of the included light-emitting component emission of the fluorescence detector of carbon dust recoverable amount enters the powder storehouse through the light inlet window refraction of prism-type, will be subjected to the obstruct or the diffuse reflection of carbon dust heap or atomizing carbon dust, then after another light inlet window appears the powder storehouse, receive again, finish the detection of carbon dust recoverable amount in the Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse by optical receiving set.Owing to changed the propagation conditions that detects light, can consider light inlet window is arranged at the position that powder storehouse longitudinal side wall closes on diapire simultaneously, make that detecting light almost can arrive at powder storehouse diapire.Aforementioned like this carbon dust heap or atomizing carbon dust can block light inlet window or weaken detect light beam the effect spread amount arranged so that fluorescence detector can both pick up the signal that Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse internal memory leaves carbon dust, and then keeps printer to be in normal stand-by operation state.In other words, only under the state that the carbon dust in Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse is almost completely exhausted, light inlet window just can not be subjected to external influence, and then make the whole transmissions of detection light cross light inlet window and arrive optical receiving set, make fluorescence detector pick up the signal that carbon dust has exhausted in the Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse, and then send the instruction of changing Delevoping cartridge or additional carbon dust to printer.As seen, this Delevoping cartridge not only can be found out the carbon dust recoverable amount state in the Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse exactly, and can under just being enough to influence the state of light inlet window, the carbon dust recoverable amount make the judgement of carbon dust actual reserves in the Delevoping cartridge powder storehouse, thereby have the high characteristics of accuracy, can when changing Delevoping cartridge, avoid producing too much remaining carbon dust thus and retain in the Delevoping cartridge.
The drawing explanation
Fig. 1 the utility model laser printer Delevoping cartridge STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 the utility model laser printer Delevoping cartridge skeleton view.
The puddle support skeleton view of Fig. 3 a the utility model laser printer Delevoping cartridge.
Fig. 3 b the utility model laser printer Delevoping cartridge puddle support fragmentary, perspective view.
Fig. 4 a the utility model laser printer Delevoping cartridge fragmentary, perspective view one.
Fig. 4 b the utility model laser printer Delevoping cartridge fragmentary, perspective view two.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, and, the utility model laser printer Delevoping cartridge 1 and related components structure thereof are shown in conjunction with Fig. 2,3,4.Among the figure, the reference orientation of describing Delevoping cartridge 1 is installed on state in the laser printer as reference system with this Delevoping cartridge 1.Under installment state, the formation part of Delevoping cartridge 1, promptly developer roll 105, and its axis is parallel to surface level.The semi-cylindrical box that the outward appearance of this Delevoping cartridge 1 is elongated substantially, the xsect on its length direction α promptly is parallel to the about semicircular in shape of xsect on the direction of developer roll 105 axis.Its main composition parts comprise powder storehouse 101, puddle support 102, powder feeding roller 103, powder delivery cutter 104, developer roll 105 and end shield 106.
Wherein, powder storehouse 101 is made of the some side walls enclose that comprise top cover 109, is used to hold the carbon dust (not shown) of scheduled volume.Top cover 109 is installed on 101 housings of powder storehouse removably.During concrete the installation, top cover 109 is inserted in the corresponding shaped as frame groove 111 at 101 junction surfaces, powder storehouse by a circle shaped as frame projection that is provided with on its faying face.
Two axle heads of puddle support 102 are rotatably supported in powder storehouse 101 respectively and are located on two vertical sidewalls 107,108 on the length direction α.The axis of puddle support 102 is parallel to the axial of developer roll 105.The powder feeding parts 120 of puddle support 102 are positioned at 101 inside, powder storehouse.One of axle head of puddle support 102 drive puddle support 102 under the turning moment that printer (referring to shown in Figure 1) provides drives is done along the β of direction shown in Fig. 2 and is turned clockwise, and carbon dust is advanced into the zone at powder feeding roller 103 places.Along the two ends (shown in Fig. 3 a) that are parallel to developer roll 105 central axis direction, respectively be provided with a blade 117 at puddle support 102, be used to strike off the lip-deep carbon dust of light inlet window 116 described below towards powder storehouse 101 inner chambers.
Among Fig. 1, on sidewall 108 outer faces in powder storehouse 101, be provided with one group of torque transmitting mechanisms 115 that constitutes by a plurality of gears.The turning moment that this transport sector 115 provides the printer (not shown) is passed to puddle support 102, powder feeding roller 103 and developer roll 105 respectively, impel its they separately around self axis rotation.In the outer end of transport sector 115, further adopt end shield 106 it to be given capping by the securing member of bolt and so on, make each gear in the transport sector 115 be formed axial location.
Referring to Fig. 2,4a, 4b, on sidewall 107,108 inside surfaces in powder storehouse 101, the position of the Infrared direction of propagation correspondence of launching with the included light-emitting component of fluorescence detector that is used to detect the carbon dust recoverable amount is provided with the light inlet window 116 that utilization can see through the Infrared material preparation respectively.Light inlet window 116 is fixed in the corresponding aperture of sidewall 107,108 with hot melt or bonding way, has replaced this original bulkhead in position, perforate place, and then becomes the part of sidewall 107,108.Line on the sidewall 107,108 between the light inlet window 116 is parallel to the axis of developer roll 105.Therefore, the light-emitting component that is provided with on the printer Infrared of launching is propagated along the direction that is parallel to developer roll 105 axis.On sidewall 107,108 inside surfaces in powder storehouse 101, respectively be provided with a sunk area 118 upward in the vertical of two light inlet windows 116.Sunk area 118 has the form of groove on sidewall 107,108, they are non-through sidewall 107,108 also.Stir in the process of carbon dust at puddle support 102, its blade 117 is done rotation synchronously with puddle support 102, and the direction of rotation is clockwise direction β as shown in Figure 2.Therefore in blade 117 rotary courses, it at first passes through the bottom in powder storehouse 101, arrives light inlet window 116 then, arrives at sunk area 118 then.Like this, blade 117 can sweep a certain amount of carbon dust in 101 bottoms, powder storehouse, and in rotary course subsequently, the carbon dust that sweeps is sent in the sunk area 118, along with blade 117 was scraped sunk area 118, just having sent into the landing in default of effective support and in sunk area 118 of wherein carbon dust is piled up on powder storehouse 101 diapires of light inlet window 116 belows, or on original carbon dust of light inlet window 116 belows, thereby stop light inlet window 116, perhaps form vaporific carbon dust to cover light inlet window 116.
Referring to Fig. 2,3a, 3b, on the sense of rotation β of puddle support 102, the flexible powder sheet 119 of leading is set accordingly in the tract of blade 117.Leading the form that powder sheet 119 can adopt plastic film, also can be the mode of hairbrush.Lead powder sheet 119 for two and lay respectively at puddle support 102 along the two ends that are parallel to developer roll 105 central axis direction.On puddle support 102 diametric(al)s, two width of leading powder sheet 119 are less than the sunk area corresponding with it 118 width in the same direction.On the central axis direction of puddle support 102, two outer ends of leading powder sheet 119 are resisted against on sidewall 107,108 inside surfaces in powder storehouse 101 respectively.Under this configuration status, when puddle support 102 rotation process sunk areas 118, two ends of leading powder sheet 119 will spring in the sunk area corresponding with it 118 along the central axis direction of puddle support 102, aforementioned blade 117 scrape sunk area 118 as yet not fully the carbon dust of landing drive out of to sunk area 118, to increase accumulation degree or the fogging degree of carbon dust below light inlet window 116, further improve and retain carbon dust in the powder storehouse 101 detecting the annoyance level of light beam, the carbon dust requirement of Interference Detection light beam in the powder storehouse 101 is limited in extremely low level, and the noresidue carbon dust exists in the powder storehouse 101 to make as far as possible.
Claims (8)
1. laser printer Delevoping cartridge, comprise the powder storehouse that is used to hold carbon dust, be used to stir the puddle support of carbon dust, carbon dust is transported to the powder feeding roller of developer roll, regulate the powder delivery cutter of developer roll surface carbon powder layer thickness, carbon dust is laid in the developer roll of photosensitive drum surface, described powder position in storehouse respectively is provided with a light inlet window on two axial bulkheads of described developer roll, described puddle support is parallel to described developer roll axially and can be positioned at described powder storehouse and respectively be provided with one along the axial two ends of described developer roll at it around the mode of described axis rotation and be used to strike off the blade of described light inlet window towards the lip-deep carbon dust of described powder storehouse inner chamber with its axis, it is characterized in that the vertical at least one described light inlet window is provided with recessed district upward on the inwall of described powder storehouse.
2. laser printer Delevoping cartridge according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being provided with elasticity and leading the powder sheet along being parallel to a end that described developer roll axially closes on the described light inlet window that is provided with described recessed district, describedly lead the powder sheet is positioned at described blade on described puddle support sense of rotation downstream at described puddle support.
3. laser printer Delevoping cartridge according to claim 2 is characterized in that the described width of powder sheet on described puddle support diametric(al) of leading is less than described recessed district width in the same direction.
4. laser printer Delevoping cartridge according to claim 3 is characterized in that the described powder sheet of leading is deep in the described recessed district during through described recessed district in the rotation of described puddle support on described puddle support central axis direction.
5. laser printer Delevoping cartridge according to claim 1 is characterized in that the vertical in two described light inlet windows respectively is provided with a recessed district upward on the inwall of described powder storehouse.
6. laser printer Delevoping cartridge according to claim 5, it is characterized in that being respectively arranged with elasticity and leading the powder sheet along being parallel to the axial two ends of described developer roll at described puddle support, two described leads the powder sheet is positioned at the described blade corresponding with it simultaneously on described puddle support sense of rotation tract.
7. laser printer Delevoping cartridge according to claim 6 is characterized in that the two described width of powder sheet on described puddle support diametric(al) of leading are less than described recessed district in the same direction the width corresponding with it.
8. laser printer Delevoping cartridge according to claim 7 is characterized in that two described powder sheets of leading are deep in the described recessed district corresponding with it during through described recessed district in the rotation of described puddle support on described puddle support central axis direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200532653U CN201054073Y (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2007-06-20 | Developing box for laser printer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200532653U CN201054073Y (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2007-06-20 | Developing box for laser printer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201054073Y true CN201054073Y (en) | 2008-04-30 |
Family
ID=39393735
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200532653U Expired - Fee Related CN201054073Y (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2007-06-20 | Developing box for laser printer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201054073Y (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012031557A1 (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2012-03-15 | 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 | Toner cartridge of laser printer |
| CN102540821A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-04 | 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 | Development unit |
| CN105446107A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-30 | 北海市天硌打印耗材有限公司 | Recycled toner cartridge of laser printer |
| CN107037705A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-11 | 珠海联合天润打印耗材有限公司 | Delevoping cartridge |
| CN107227960A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-10-03 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of slurry shield stirring and screening quarrying case |
| CN114326344A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-04-12 | 珠海联合天润打印耗材有限公司 | Processing box and printer |
-
2007
- 2007-06-20 CN CNU2007200532653U patent/CN201054073Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012031557A1 (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2012-03-15 | 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 | Toner cartridge of laser printer |
| CN102540821A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-04 | 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 | Development unit |
| CN102540821B (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2014-09-03 | 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 | Development unit |
| CN105446107A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-30 | 北海市天硌打印耗材有限公司 | Recycled toner cartridge of laser printer |
| CN107037705A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-11 | 珠海联合天润打印耗材有限公司 | Delevoping cartridge |
| CN107037705B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2023-10-10 | 珠海联合天润打印耗材有限公司 | Developing cartridge |
| CN107227960A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-10-03 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of slurry shield stirring and screening quarrying case |
| CN107227960B (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2023-04-07 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Slurry shield stirring and screening quarrying box |
| CN114326344A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-04-12 | 珠海联合天润打印耗材有限公司 | Processing box and printer |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20080430 |