CN1992541A - Method for producing spread-spectrum code with low interference window from CCK code - Google Patents
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method that uses CCK code to produce the low interference window spreading code, in which, the non-cyclic self-related and non-cyclic inter-related sequences of the low interference window spreading code are less than the predetermined values in the vicinity of zero-offset, including the following steps : 1) according to the spreading gain, choose CCK code ; 2) according to the cost function being the minimum or less than the predetermined value, ensure that the associated value is minimum or less than the predetermined value CCK weight code. The low interference window spreading code can be used for time-domain spreading communication systems, better overcoming the multi-path interference of wireless channel, and meanwhile, reducing the multi-user interference; it also can be used for OFDM communication systems, processing frequency domain spreading modulation in the OFDM frequency domain, which can reduce ICI interference due to frequency shift or Doppler expansion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that a kind of structure has low " window" spreading code, belong to the mobile communication technology field.
Background technology
The difficult point of radio communication mainly comes from the frequency selective fading and the time selective fading of wireless channel.The reasonable modulation system of performance mainly contains code division multiple access (CDMA) band spectrum modulation and OFDM (OFDM) modulation system under wireless channel conditions at present.
For CDMA band spectrum modulation mode, utilize the good correlation of spreading code, can overcome decline and interference that the multipath of wireless channel causes better, because in actual communication systems, channel width is than broad, spreading gain is not very big simultaneously, the time ratio that information bit symbol takies is shorter, much smaller than the coherence time of channel, the interference that the time selective fading of channel causes is very little, can ignore.But because the spreading code that generally adopts is M sequence (a maximum shift register series) at present, and the cross correlation property of M sequence is not fine, has caused serious multi-user interference, has limited the performance of system.For LAS spreading code (Large Area Synchronous Code),, need to insert enough protections at interval, thereby reduced spectrum efficiency though its cross-correlation and auto-correlation are zero in certain window.
For the OFDM modulation system, utilize Cyclic Prefix, the multipath that can overcome wireless channel fully disturbs, and overcomes frequency selective fading preferably.But the ICI (disturbing between subcarrier) that frequency deviation or Doppler expansion is caused but is the comparison sensitivity, becomes the principal element that limits its performance.
Present widely used spreading code mainly is the M sequence, and the reasonable spreading code of another kind of performance is the LAS sign indicating number.
The non-zero autocorrelation value of M sequence is smaller, but cross correlation value is bigger, when being used for radio spread spectrum communication, in order to reduce multi-user interference, needs to adopt complicated power control and Multiuser Detection.The auto-correlation of LAS sign indicating number and near the correlation of cross-correlation sequence zero offset are zero, but need insert protection at interval between L sign indicating number and S sign indicating number and code word.
Utilization of the present invention has the spreading code of low " window" characteristic, can overcome above-mentioned shortcoming preferably.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of CCK of utilization sign indicating number to produce and have the method for low " window" spreading code.This method is used to reduce frequency deviation or Doppler expands the ICI interference that causes, and multipath disturbs and multi-user interference the raising spectrum efficiency.
For realizing above-mentioned goal of the invention, the present invention adopts following scheme:
A kind of CCK of utilization sign indicating number produces has the method for low " window" spreading code, and described acyclic auto-correlation with low " window" spreading code and near the correlation of acyclic cross-correlation sequence zero offset is characterized in that less than a predetermined value, may further comprise the steps:
1) spreading gain is as required selected the CCK sign indicating number.
2) be minimum value or according to cost function, determine to make correlation minimum or, obtain the spread spectrum code word less than the CCK component code of predetermined value less than predetermined value.
Wherein, step 2) specifically may further comprise the steps:
The first step: get an arrangement of a component code ordered series of numbers of described CCK sign indicating number, and obtain the described corresponding spread spectrum code sequence of arranging.
Second step: calculate the described acyclic cross correlation value of arranging corresponding spread spectrum code sequence.
The 3rd step: calculate the described corresponding cost function value of arranging.
The 4th step: repeat the described first step, second step and the 3rd step, obtain the corresponding cost function of each arrangement of a described component code ordered series of numbers.
The 5th step: choose described cost function and be minimum value or the arrangement of correspondence during less than predetermined value.
The 6th step: the described arrangement according to the 5th step was chosen obtains corresponding spread spectrum code word.
The acyclic cross correlation value of spread spectrum code sequence is meant that the skew of different spread spectrum code words is the acyclic cross correlation value of n described in above-mentioned second step, and wherein n is the integer less than described spreading code gain.
Weighting function described in the 3rd step in the cost function value is w (n)=1/n, w (0)=0.
Choose to such an extent that arrangement can be one or more in the 5th step.
By above scheme, this low " window" spreading code can be used for the time domain spread spectrum communication system, and the multipath that overcomes wireless channel better disturbs, and can reduce multi-user interference simultaneously.
This low " window" spreading code is used for ofdm communication system, carries out the frequency domain spread spectrum modulation at the frequency domain of OFDM, can reduce because the ICI that frequency deviation or Doppler's expansion cause disturbs.
Compare with the LAS sign indicating number, the low " window" spreading code of the present invention does not need to insert protection at interval, thereby has improved spectrum efficiency.
Embodiment
The characteristics of low " window" spreading code are that its acyclic auto-correlation and near the correlation of acyclic cross-correlation sequence zero offset are smaller, approach zero.In other words, make that codeword sequence is C
n=(c
1 n, c
2 n... c
N n), n=1,2 ..., M, N are code word size, and M is a code word number, and the acyclic correlated series of definition codeword sequence is
R
ij(n)＝c
1 ic
1+n j+c
2 ic
2+n j+...+c
N-n ic
N j n＝-N+1，-N+2，...，N-1
For the spreading code with low " window" characteristic, when-W＜=n＜=W, n is approaching more zero, Max
Ij| R
Ij(n) | } approach zero (R more
Ii(0)=and N, therefore when considering to hang down the " window" characteristic, do not consider R
Ii(0)).
The method of utilizing CCK (Complementary Code Keying) sign indicating number structure to have low " window" spreading code is below divided two steps:
One, select to have the CCK sign indicating number that spreading gain is KM:
B=(B
11, B
12..., B
1NB
21, B
22..., B
2NB
M1, B
M2..., B
MN), B
Ij=(B
1 Ij, B
2 Ij..., B
K Ij), N is a code word number, and M is the number of each component code, and K is the length of each component code;
Two, utilize cost function to determine to make the CCK component code of correlation minimum:
Definition C
n(j1, j2 ..., jM)=(c
1 n, c
2 n..., c
KM n)=(B
J1n, B
J2n..., B
JMn)=(B
1 J1n..., B
K J1n, B
1 J2n..., B
K J2n..., B
1 JMn..., B
K JMn), n=1,2 ..., N; (B
K JMnComponent code B for the capable n row of jM among the CCK sign indicating number B
JMnK chip)
Wherein (j1, j2 ..., jM) be (1,2..., arrangement M).At all spread spectrum code word C
n(j1, j2 ..., jM) in, the correlation of some component code in the component code length range [K+1, K-1] is smaller, and the correlation near zero offset is more little more.Therefore, the sign indicating number of correlation of need from the CCK component code, selecting to send as an envoy to less than predetermined value.The definition weighting function is w (n)=1/n, w (0)=0.According to following formula determine (j1, j2 ... value jM):
(j1, j2 ..., jM)=argmin
(i1, i2 ..., iM)F (i1, i2 ..., iM) } (formula 1)
F (i1, i2 ..., iM)=∑
N, i, j(w (n) Rij (i1, i2 ..., iM) (n))
2, (formula 2)
Wherein ,-KM＜n＜KM, 0＜i, j＜M+1
Rij (i1, i2 ..., iM) (n) be with arrange (i1, i2 ..., iM) Gou Zao C
i(i1, i2 ..., iM) and C
j(i1, i2 ..., skew iM) is the acyclic cross correlation value of n.
According to formula 1 and 2, make spread spectrum code word C
i(i1, i2 ..., iM) and C
j(i1, i2 ..., skew iM) is that the acyclic cross correlation value of n is got minimum value, definite (j1, j2 ..., jM) arranging may be not only one, if not only one, any one can.
In addition, determine (j1, j2 ..., value jM) except as the method for above-mentioned trace utilization cost function F minimum, can also make cost function F less than a predetermined value, thus determine one group (j1, j2 ..., jM) or additive method.
Situation with M=N=K=4 is an example below, and how concrete introduction utilizes the low " window" spreading code of orthogonal complement set sign indicating number structure, and step is as follows:
One: select to have the CCK sign indicating number that spreading gain is KM=4*4=16, wherein component code code word size K is 4, and the component code number M is 4:
B＝(B
11，B
12，B
13，B
14；B
21，B
22，B
23，B
24；B
31，B
32，B
33，B
34；B
41，B
42?B
43，B
44)，
B
11＝(1，1，1，1)，B
21＝(1，1，-1，-1)，B
31＝(-1，1，-1，1)，B
41＝(-1，1，1，-1)，
B
12＝(-1，-1，1，1)，B
22＝(-1，-1，-1，-1)，B
32＝(1，-1，-1，1)，B
42＝(1，-1，1，-1)，
B
13＝(-1，1，-1，1)，B
23＝(-1，1，1，-1)，B
33＝(1，1，1，1)，B
43＝(1，1，-1，-1)，
B
14＝(1，-1，-1，1)，B
24＝(1，-1，1，-1)，B
34＝(-1，-1，1，1)，B
44＝(-1，-1，-1，-1)。
Two: utilize cost function to determine to make correlation minimum or less than the CCK component code of predetermined value:
The first step: get an arrangement (1,2,3,4) of a component code ordered series of numbers, arrange hereto, can obtain the spread spectrum code sequence of following this arrangement of correspondence:
C
1(1，2，3，4)＝(B
11，B
21，B
31，B
41)＝(1，1，1，1，1，1，-1，-1，-1，1，-1，1，-1，1，1，-1)，
C
2(1，2，3，4)＝(B
12，B
22，B
32，B
42)＝(-1，-1，1，1，-1，-1，-1，-1，1，-1，-1，1，1，-1，1，-1)，
C
3(1，2，3，4)＝(B
13，B
23，B
33，B
43)＝(-1，1，-1，1，-1，1，1，-1，1，1，1，1，1，1，-1，-1)，
C
4(1，2，3，4)＝(B
14，B
24，B
34，B
44)＝(1，-1，-1，1，1，-1，1，-1，-1，-1，1，1，-1，-1，-1，-1)。
Second step: calculate the aforementioned acyclic cross correlation value of arranging corresponding spread spectrum code sequence.
For example, spread spectrum code sequence C
1(1,2,3,4) and C
2The acyclic cross correlation value of (1,2,3,4) is:
R
12(1，2，3，4)(0)＝∑
i?C
1(1，2，3，4)(i)*C
2(1，2，3，4)(i)＝0
R12(1，2，3，4)(-1)＝∑
i?C
1(1，2，3，4)(i)*C
2(1，2，3，4)(i+1)＝-1
R12(1，2，3，4)(1)＝∑
i?C
1(1，2，3，4)(i)*C
2(1，2，3，4)(i-1)＝1
R12(1，2，3，4)(-2)＝∑
i?C
1(1，2，3，4)(i)*C
2(1，2，3，4)(i+2)＝-4
R12(1，2，3，4)(2)＝∑
i?C
1(1，2，3，4)(i)*C
2(1，2，3，4)(i-2)＝4
R12(1，2，3，4)(-3)＝∑
i?C
1(1，2，3，4)(i)*C
2(1，2，3，4)(i+3)＝3
R12(1，2，3，4)(3)＝∑
i?C
1(1，2，3，4)(i)*C
2(1，2，3，4)(i-3)＝1
......
The 3rd step:, calculate the aforementioned corresponding cost function value of arranging according to formula 1 and 2.The cost function value that arrangement (1,2,3,4) correspondence obtains is:
F(1，2，3，4)＝∑
n，i，j(w(n)Rij(1，2，3，4)(n))
2＝196.1877，-16＜n＜16，0＜＝i，j＜＝4；
The 4th step: repeat the aforementioned first step, second step and the 3rd step, each arranges corresponding cost function in like manner can to obtain a component code ordered series of numbers:
Arrange (1,2,4,3) corresponding cost function F (1,2,4,3)=386.3011;
Arrange (1,3,2,4) corresponding cost function F (1,3,2,4)=165.0472
Arrange (1,3,4,2) corresponding cost function F (1,3,4,2)=387.5872
Arrange (1,4,2,3) corresponding cost function F (1,4,2,3)=165.7464
Arrange (1,4,3,2) corresponding cost function F (1,4,3,2)=198.1731
The 5th step: choose cost function and be minimum value or less than the arrangement of predetermined value:
From the calculating of step 4, can obtain, minimum cost function F value is 165.047, corresponding is arranged as
(1，3，2，4)，(2，4，1，3)，(3，1，4，2)，(4，2，3，1)。
The 6th step:, obtain corresponding spread spectrum code word according to the arrangement of choosing.
If select to arrange (1,3,2,4), then Dui Ying spread spectrum code word is:
C
1(1，3，2，4)＝(B
11，B
31，B
21，B
41)＝(1，1，1，1，-1，1，-1，1，1，1，-1，-1，-1，1，1，-1)，
C
2(1，3，2，4)＝(B
12，B
32，B
22，B
42)＝(-1，-1，1，1，1，-1，-1，1，-1，-1，-1，-1，1，-1，1，-1)，
C
3(1，3，2，4)＝(B
13，B
33，B
23，B
43)＝(-1，1，-1，1，1，1，1，1，-1，1，1，-1，1，1，-1，-1)，
C
4(1，3，2，4)＝(B
14，B
34，B
24，B
44)＝(1，-1，-1，1，-1，-1，1，1，1，-1，1，-1，-1，-1，-1，-1)。
If select to arrange (2,4,1,3), then Dui Ying spread spectrum code word is:
C
1(2，4，1，3)＝(B
21，B
41，B
11，B
31)＝(1，1，-1，-1，-1，1，1，-1，1，1，1，1，-1，1，-1，1)，
C
2(2，4，1，3)＝(B
22，B
42，B
12，B
32)＝(-1，-1，-1，-1，1，-1，1，-1，-1，-1，1，1，1，-1，-1，1，)，
C
3(2，4，1，3)＝(B
23，B
43，B
13，B
33)＝(-1，1，1，-1，1，1，-1，-1，-1，1，-1，1，1，1，1，1，)，
C
4(2，4，1，3)＝(B
24，B
44，B
14，B
34)＝(1，-1，1，-1，-1，-1，-1，-1，1，-1，-1，1，-1，-1，1，1)。
If select to arrange (3,1,4,2), then Dui Ying spread spectrum code word is:
C
1(3，1，4，2)＝(B
31，B
11，B
41，B
21)＝(-1，1，-1，1，1，1，1，1，-1，1，1，-1，1，1，-1，-1)，
C
2(3，1，4，2)＝(B
32，B
12，B
42，B
22)＝(1，-1，-1，1，-1，-1，1，1，1，-1，1，-1，-1，-1，-1，-1)，
C
3(3，1，4，2)＝(B
33+，B
13，B
43，B
23)＝(1，1，1，1，-1，1，-1，1，1，1，-1，-1，-1，1，1，-1)，
C
4(3，1，4，2)＝(B
34，B
14，B
44，B
24)＝(-1，-1，1，1，1，-1，-1，1，-1，-1，-1，-1，1，-1，1，-1)。
If select to arrange (4,2,3,1), then Dui Ying spread spectrum code word is:
C
1(3，1，4，2)＝(B
31，B
11，B
41，B
21)＝(-1，1，1，-1，1，1，-1，-1，-1，1，-1，1，1，1，1，1)，
C
2(3，1，4，2)＝(B
32，B
12，B
42，B
22)＝(1，-1，1，-1，-1，-1，-1，-1，1，-1，-1，1，-1，-1，1，1)，
C
3(3，1，4，2)＝(B
33，B
13，B
43，B
23)＝(1，1，-1，-1，-1，1，1，-1，1，1，1，1，-1，1，-1，1)，
C
4(3，1，4，2)＝(B
34，B
14，B
44，B
24)＝(-1，-1，-1，-1，1，-1，1，-1，-1，-1，1，1，1，-1，-1，1)。
Low " window" spreading code can be used for the time domain spread spectrum communication system.Adopt low " window" spreading code to carry out band spectrum modulation, the multipath that can overcome wireless channel better disturbs, and can reduce multi-user interference simultaneously.
Also can be used for ofdm communication system.Adopt low window spreading code to carry out the frequency domain spread spectrum modulation, can reduce because the ICI that frequency deviation or Doppler's expansion cause disturbs at the frequency domain of OFDM.
As described above, the non-zero autocorrelation value of M sequence is smaller, but cross correlation value is bigger, when being used for radio spread spectrum communication, in order to reduce multi-user interference, needs to adopt complicated power control and Multiuser Detection.The auto-correlation and near the correlation of cross-correlation sequence zero offset of low " window" spreading code are all smaller, and multipath interference and multi-user interference are all smaller, when being used for radio spread spectrum communication, realize simpler.
The auto-correlation of LAS sign indicating number and near the correlation of cross-correlation sequence zero offset are zero, but need insert protection at interval between L sign indicating number and S sign indicating number and code word.Low " window" spreading code does not need to insert protection at interval, thereby has improved spectrum efficiency.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is utilized the CCK sign indicating number to produce to have the method for low " window" spreading code, and described acyclic auto-correlation with low " window" spreading code and near the correlation of acyclic cross-correlation sequence zero offset is characterized in that less than a predetermined value, may further comprise the steps:
1) spreading gain is as required selected the CCK sign indicating number;
2) be minimum value or according to cost function, determine to make correlation minimum or, obtain the spread spectrum code word less than the CCK component code of predetermined value less than predetermined value.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described step 2) specifically may further comprise the steps:
The first step: get an arrangement of a component code ordered series of numbers of described CCK sign indicating number, and obtain the described corresponding spread spectrum code sequence of arranging;
Second step: calculate the described acyclic cross correlation value of arranging corresponding spread spectrum code sequence;
The 3rd step: calculate the described corresponding cost function value of arranging;
The 4th step: repeat the described first step, second step and the 3rd step, obtain the corresponding cost function of each arrangement of a described component code ordered series of numbers;
The 5th step: choose described cost function and be minimum value or the arrangement of correspondence during less than predetermined value;
The 6th step: the described arrangement according to the 5th step was chosen obtains corresponding spread spectrum code word.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
The acyclic cross correlation value of spread spectrum code sequence is meant that the skew of different spread spectrum code words is the acyclic cross correlation value of n described in second step, and wherein n is the integer less than described spreading code gain.
4. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
Weighting function described in the 3rd step in the cost function value is w (n)=l/n, w (0)=0.
5. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
Choose to such an extent that arrangement can be one or more in the 5th step.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005100488800A CN1992541B (en) | 2005-12-31 | 2005-12-31 | Method for producing spread-spectrum code with low interference window from CCK code |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005100488800A CN1992541B (en) | 2005-12-31 | 2005-12-31 | Method for producing spread-spectrum code with low interference window from CCK code |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
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| CN1992541B CN1992541B (en) | 2011-09-14 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010054605A1 (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2010-05-20 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | System and method for managing a wireless communications network |
| CN101753166B (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2013-04-03 | Tcl集团股份有限公司 | CCK modulation method in wireless local area network |
| CN108242941A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-03 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 | A kind of tamed spread spectrum code preferred method of hybrid spread spectrum multiple access net |
-
2005
- 2005-12-31 CN CN2005100488800A patent/CN1992541B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010054605A1 (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2010-05-20 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | System and method for managing a wireless communications network |
| CN101753166B (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2013-04-03 | Tcl集团股份有限公司 | CCK modulation method in wireless local area network |
| CN108242941A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-03 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 | A kind of tamed spread spectrum code preferred method of hybrid spread spectrum multiple access net |
| CN108242941B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-11-10 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 | Soft spread spectrum code optimization method for hybrid spread spectrum multiple access network |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1992541B (en) | 2011-09-14 |
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