CN1987291B

CN1987291B - Intelligent sun tracker

Info

Publication number: CN1987291B
Application number: CN200610146201A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁方民
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Shandong Liangshan Shangwei New Energy Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2006-12-12
Filing date: 2006-12-12
Publication date: 2010-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2026-12-12
Also published as: CN1987291A

Abstract

An intelligent sun tracking instrument is composed of a sunlight sensor module consisting of azimuth sensor and position sensor, a photoelectric signal recognizer, and a servo processing and driving circuit including horizontal and vertical driving circuits.

Description

Intelligent sun tracker

Technical field

The present invention relates to the energy field of sunshine, relate to the intelligent sun tracker that the alternative computer control of a kind of low cost is followed the tracks of specifically, belong to solar energy acquisition and utilize technical field.

Background technology

Solar energy is inexhaustible, though it has only several part per billion energy to arrive the surface of the earth, also stores big many than earth energy.Because the sunlight that is radiated ground is subjected to the influence of natural conditions such as weather, latitude, so present solar energy high temperature utilization rate is also not high, wants to obtain more powerful high temperature on unit are, will use tracking technique.The solar energy high temperature energy storage of home and abroad now utilizes technology all to be to use the computer control tracking technique, but has computer controlledly strengthened cost investment in medium and small equipment, and the tracking equipment energy resource consumption is big, is unfavorable for popularizing.Though most gizmo tracking equipment costs is low, do not reach the technical performance of computer tracking equipment, so existing technical equipment can't be accomplished low cost, practicality.The solar energy high temperature high-energy energy storage device of civil nature spreads in civilian's the family.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of and existing solar energy tracking technology compare, technical performance exceeds existing tracking equipment, and cost is low, can enter civilian family, have Intelligent Recognition position of sun, the asynchronous type tracing, intelligent sun tracker.The flat focus that is used for solar steam and boiled water pot is followed the tracks of, the middle-size and small-size parabolic tracking that focuses on, and the tracking of civil solar boiler, the tracking of solar cooker, the indoor conveying of the curve of solar focusing light beam is followed the tracks of.For achieving the above object, intelligent sun tracker of the present invention comprises first, solar energy sensor A, the photochopper plate that it is made up of support, fine tuning is the position convex lens certainly, sensing station is arranged circuit board, and centralized positioning cone and 15 photoelectric sensors are formed.It can discern level 360 degree, the position at vertical 180 degree sun places, identification cloudy day, fine day, broken sky, half cloudy day, day and night, solar energy sensor links the circuit B that the energy variation of light and change in location change into signal of telecommunication voltage and second and have the contrast amplifier to postpone turn over function.

First solar energy sensor becomes telecommunications breath voltage to the position light quantity of the sun and delivers to secondary signal voltage treatment circuit B.Produce the position signalling of four direction then.The inverse signal that solar time was arranged in second day, two horizontal servo signals, two vertical servosignals, a standby command signal.Finish instruction and servo work to each system.

Intelligent sun tracker of the present invention has exceeded of the prior art with the footwork tracking equipment, adopts asynchronous type tracing and position of sun method of identification, can make the equipment universal movement, and batch (-type) drives, the little power consumption of stand-by circuit.When the sun disappears during operation, and equipment is standby with regard to when, and the sun occurs in the position of another time, and equipment just tracks this position self-alignment to be continued to follow the tracks of at once.Do not have the sun not return in second day, when the sun comes out, and equipment just turns back to the location, position of this time and follows the tracks of.Can drive the object of 100 kilogram weights with the solar panel charging of a 3W.If the sun comes out to fall east from the west, equipment will accurately trace into east from the west.Feature of the present invention and advantage will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings by embodiment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the main system block diagram of intelligent sun tracker of the present invention;

Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are the sunlight sensor light-shielding structure principle framework figure of intelligent sun tracker of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the main circuit figure of intelligent sun tracker of the present invention.

Wherein, 1, returns the installation site of standby sensor D13 and D14,2, the installation site of standby command sensor D11 and D12,3, convex lens, 4, convex lens frame 5, framework, 6, the right shadow shield in the back side, 7, a left side, back side shadow shield, 8, positive left shadow shield, 9, positive right shadow shield, 10, the positional alignment plate of sensor D1-D9,11, the cone of sensor D9,12, the window of Returning sensor D15,13, the end shadow shield of sensor frame, 14, the shadow shield of Returning sensor window, 15, to the cone of ratio sensor D10,16, the window of sensor D10.

The specific embodiment

With reference to accompanying drawing, will be described in detail specific embodiments of the present invention.

In Fig. 2 Fig. 3, form the integrated stand of a sunshine sensor by Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, also be the whole theory structure of a photochopper simultaneously.As 4, the convex lens frame, it is that a square plate center is opened a circular hole and laid convex lens 3.2 position of sound production standby command sensor D11D12,1 lays and returns standby sensor D13D14.The 5th, framework also is the shading grillage of sensor D1 to D9.6,7,8,9 is respectively the shadow shield of D3, D1, D5 and D7, and it can cover his sunlight in orientation and not enter the position of oneself, can only allow the sunlight of own direction inject the position of oneself.The 10th, the positional alignment plate of D1 to D9 is circuit board below 10.The 11st, the cone of D9, it is enclosed within on the D9, prevents that top concave lens focus light from reflexing on the D9 when shining on the D2D8D6D4 respectively, and only over against the solar time, focus light could shine on the D9 by the suitable for reading of cone 11.The 13rd, the end shadow shield of sensor frame, the 12nd, the window of Returning sensor D15, the shadow shield of 14 o'clock Returning sensor windows, it can cover the sunlight in framework front, makes the sunlight in framework front can not shine directly into 12.The 15th, to the cone of ratio sensor D10.The 16th, the window of D10,15 are enclosed within on 16 the window, prevent from directly not shone by sunlight any time when work, can only allow natural daylight inject smoothly.

The overall architecture of sunshine sensor, convex lens 3 connect the top that

lens mount

4,4 connects shading framework 5, and the bottom of shading framework 5 connects the positional alignment plate 10 of sensor D1 to D9.11 cones are enclosed within on the sensor D9, and 10 sensing station arrangement boards connect the end shadow shield of 13 sensor frames.First critical piece of forming intelligent sun tracker, the sunshine sensor.

Form the overall architecture of a sunshine sensor as Fig. 2 Fig. 3,6,7,8,9th among Fig. 2, shadow shield, the direct sunlight that it can cover his orientation can not shine the position of oneself.The 3rd, convex lens can produce a focus light by scioptics basic facing to solar time sunlight, and focus light shines respectively and carries out fine control and location work on the D2D4D6D8D9.

Example 1: when focus illumination is mapped on the D2, D2 produces voltage and moves to the framework front by the processing of circuit driven by servomotor. and this time point also moves, D9 produces voltage when luminous point moves on the D9, amplify by the IC2 contrast, the IC3 drive circuit, IC1IC4IC5IC6IC7 is quit work, enter holding state, at this moment also be the moment of correctly aiming at the sun. light spot moves to the framework back side during to D4, light spot moves to the framework right side to the D6 luminous point, light spot moves to the back side, a framework left side to the D8 time point. accurately accomplished facing to fine tuning and pinpoint task behind the sun. because 1 and 2 among alignment sensor D9. Fig. 2 arranged is the position of D11D12D13D14. and he is at the highest point of framework. when the sun comes out at any old place, it can both take the light sample send circuit to discern to handle .11 is the centralized positioning cone, it is enclosed within on the D9, light around covering. focus light shine respectively surplus light reflection on the D2D8D4D6 less than D9 on. only face on the D9 of being mapped to suitable for reading of solar time focus light by cone 11. focus light moves to D4 by D2 in meticulous accent process, or by D4 move to D2 all will be through D9.D6 to D8 or D8 to D6, when photoelectricity shines on the D9, just face the solar time, entering holding state. the D1D3D5D7 among Fig. 2 adopts silicon photocell solar battery sheet (or infrared receiver diode), 6,7,8, the sunlight that they can only adopt direction separately to penetrate to come under the shading principle effect of 9 shadow shields, output luminous point information separately, discern processing to circuit, determine the sun is behind which orientation, drive servomotor by drive circuit, follow the tracks of to the orientation that the sun is arranged.

Example 2: when sunlight shone on the D1 in some orientation, D1 obtained luminous energy and produces voltage such as Fig. 4, and this voltage is added to 2 of IC1,5 pin, because what 2,5 pin obtained is positive voltage, through IC1 pin output negative voltage, 2 of 7 pin output positive voltage IC4,6 pin also are negative voltages, and the IC4 3 pin output positive voltage that overturns is through the base stage of R11 to motor-drive circuit Q6, the Q6 conducting, Q3Q2 conducting drive motors just changes.Because IC, what 7 pin were exported is positive voltage, so 2,6 pin of IC5 also are positive voltages, and IC5 upset, 3 pin output negative voltage Q5 base stage negative voltage, not conducting, also not conducting of Q4Q1.3,6 pin of IC1 get positive voltage when D3 obtains sunlight, 7 pin output negative voltage, 2, the 6 pin negative voltages of IC5,3 pin output positive voltage, the counter-rotating of Q5Q4Q1 conducting drive motors.

13 is end shadow shields of sensor frame among Fig. 3, wherein 12 are Returning sensor windows, Returning sensor D15 just is contained in this position.Follow the tracks of the sun every day when the west falls, 13 sensor frame base plates are to framework back side direction.When next day, the sun comes up in the east, light can directly shine D12 to D15, began to return for the processing of circuit system by D15 output inverse signal voltage.The 15th, the cone of sampling detector D10, the 16th, the window of D10,15 can cover the window of D10, do not allow sunshine shining directly be mapped on the D10 at any time, so D10 can not get straight irradiation.Guarantee to take natural daylight to give circuit and D11D12D13D14 contrast.

Fig. 4 is circuit theory diagrams of the present invention.Comprise ic chip 1, IC2 model LM324, IC3IC4IC5IC6IC7 model NE555 time base circuit D1 to D15 model silicon photocell solar cell piece (infrared receiver diode).

Example 3: when any one of D1D2 can produce positive electricity when obtaining sunlight and is pressed onto 2 of IC1,5 pin, after the IC1 contrast, 7 pin output positive voltage, 1 pin output negative voltage, 2 of IC4,6 pin negative voltages postpone upset, 3 pin output positive voltage arrives commutation drive circuit Q6 base stage by R11, the Q3Q2 conducting, and direct current generator is turned left.When any one of D3D4 can produce positive electricity when obtaining sunlight and is pressed onto 3 of IC1,6 pin, the 7 jiaos of output in IC1 contrast back negative voltage, 1 pin output positive voltage, 2 of IC5,6 pin connect 7 pin of IC1 by R10, so also be negative voltage, IC5 postpones upset, 3 pin output positive voltage, by the base stage of R12 to commutation drive circuit Q5, Q4Q1 conducting motor is turned right.Second half circuit 8-14 pin work of IC1 is the same with the above.

When D11D12D13D14 obtains sunshine, produce 2 pin that positive electricity is pressed onto IC2, at this moment 2 pin voltages are greater than 3 pin voltages, and after the IC2 contrast, 1 pin is exported negative voltage, because 1 pin of IC2 is connecting 2 of IC3,6 pin are so IC3's 2,6 also is negative voltage, IC3 begins turning, 3 pin output positive voltage and electric current supply IC1IC4IC5IC6IC7 circuit.When D11-D14 can not get sunlight, the 2 pin voltages of IC2 were less than 3 pin voltages.Contrast back 1 pin output positive voltage, 2, the 6 pin positive voltages of IC3,3 pin output negative voltage, IC1IC4IC5IC6IC7 does not have electric energy and supplies with, and quits work.The optical signal processing circuit that IC1IC4IC5IC6IC7 forms only just can obtain electric energy work when driving level and motor vertical.At night, the cloudy day and the solar time of aligning do not work.Entire circuit has only the IC2IC3 full-time, so the little power consumption of standby.K1K2K3K4 is the spacing magnetic switch of horizontal vertical, and the four sides that is used in case of necessity is spacing.

Claims

1. intelligent sun tracker, it is characterized in that, comprise framework, shadow shield, convex lens, sensor, rows of sensors strake and drive circuit, perpendicularly the right shadow shield in the back side, a left side, back side shadow shield are installed on stupefied respectively at four of framework, positive left shadow shield and positive right shadow shield, base of frame is provided with end shadow shield; Frame roof is provided with the convex lens frame, and convex lens are installed in the center of convex lens frame; Sensor is installed on the rows of sensors strake of framework and with drive circuit and is connected; Described sensor comprises 15 photoelectric sensor D1-15, D1-D9 is installed on the rows of sensors strake, D1, D3, D5 and D7 are installed on four edges of rows of sensors strake respectively and are positioned in the middle of the bottom on framework front, the back side, the right side and the left side, D4, D2, D8 and D6 are installed in respectively on the rows of sensors strake near D1, D3, D5 and D7 place, D9 is installed in the center of rows of sensors strake, cone of outside suit; D10 is installed in the cone of framework bottom surface; D11 and D12 are installed on the convex lens frame in the positive upper right corner of close framework, and D13 and D14 are installed on the shadow shield of a left side, the framework back side, and D15 is installed in the sensor window of bottom surface.

2. intelligent solar tracker as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described sensor D1-D15 is silicon photocell or solar battery sheet or infrared receiver diode.

3. the convex lens fine tuning of the described intelligent sun tracker of claim 1 method for position certainly is characterized in that concrete grammar is: when focus illumination is mapped to D2 when going up, D2 produce voltage by the processing of circuit driven by servomotor to the positive motion of framework; This time point also moves, when luminous point move to D9 when going up D9 produce voltage, by the IC2 contrast amplify, the IC3 drive circuit, IC1, IC4, IC5, IC6, IC7 are quit work, enter holding state, at this moment also be the moment of correctly aiming at the sun; Light spot moves to the framework back side during to D4, and light spot moves to the framework right side to the D6 luminous point, and light spot moves to the back side, a framework left side to the D8 time point; Fine tuning and pinpoint task have accurately been accomplished facing to the sun; Because D11, D12, D13 and D14 are in the highest point of framework, when the sun came out at any old place, the intelligent solar tracker can both take the light sample to send drive circuit to discern processing; Only face the solar time, focus light could be mapped on the D9 by the suitable for reading of cone; Focus light moves to D4 by D2 or is moved to D2 or all will be passed through D9 to D8 or D8 to D6 by D6 by D4 in meticulous accent process, when photoelectricity shines on the D9, just faces the solar time, enters holding state; D1, D3, D5 and D7 adopt silicon photocell or solar battery sheet or infrared receiver diode, under the interception of shadow shield, they can only gather direction separately and penetrate the sunlight that comes, output luminous point information separately, discern processing to circuit, determine the sun behind which orientation, drive servomotor, follow the tracks of to the orientation that the sun is arranged by drive circuit; Described IC1, IC2, IC3, IC4, IC5, IC6 and IC7 are the integrated circuits in the drive circuit, and IC1, IC2 are LM324, and IC3, IC4, IC5, IC6 and IC7 are NE555.