CN1981799B - Preparing method for extracts of red clover - Google Patents
Preparing method for extracts of red clover Download PDFInfo
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- CN1981799B CN1981799B CN2006100317163A CN200610031716A CN1981799B CN 1981799 B CN1981799 B CN 1981799B CN 2006100317163 A CN2006100317163 A CN 2006100317163A CN 200610031716 A CN200610031716 A CN 200610031716A CN 1981799 B CN1981799 B CN 1981799B
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Abstract
An extract of red clover herb rich in isoflavone is prepared from fresh red clover herb through extracting in alcohol, recovering alcohol, concentrating the extracted liquid, laying aside to obtain deposit, and drying.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant extract, refer in particular to the process that adopts fresh state feedstock production Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract.
Background technology
Herba Trifolii Pratentis (Trifolium pratense L.) is a pulse family Clover herbaceos perennial, have another name called red Herba Trifolii Pratentis, red clover, originate in Asia Minor and south-eastern Europe, be distributed widely in temperate zone and subtropical zone, there are wild species in Xinjiang of China, Yunnan, Guizhou, with southern each province plantation are arranged all in the Yangtze river basin in recent years.Herba Trifolii Pratentis is good domestic animal herbage originally, recent research result shows, contain a large amount of isoflavone like substance in its inflorescence and the wounded in the battle branch and leaf, therefore the two hydroxyl phenol formula structures of Herba Trifolii Pratentis isoflavone and the similar of animal body inner estrogen have estrogen-like effects.Isoflavone shows as the effect of estrogen agonist when body endogenous estrogen level is low; And when body inner estrogen level was higher, it occupied estrogen receptor and shows as estrogenic antagonist.To Breast Cancer Prevention, carcinoma of prostate, colon cancer, improve osteoporosis and improve the Woman climacteric symptom certain effect is arranged.On European natural drug market, the Herba Trifolii Pratentis preparation has become a kind of outstanding health care of women medication, is one of best-selling plant class preparation. and the health food that with the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract is main component is also in Europe and U.S.'s fast sale.
Domestic research to Herba Trifolii Pratentis at present just starts to walk soon, has technical bottleneck especially on the commercial production of Herba Trifolii Pratentis isoflavone high-purity extract, is unfavorable for the deep development of Herba Trifolii Pratentis product.The main feed states of using is accent from blooming spend to be thanked dried after period, Herba Trifolii Pratentis was gathered or dry in the shade in general extraction process.But the inventor finds that the content of its active ingredient of dry product of the Herba Trifolii Pratentis under the above-mentioned state is not high, and is bigger to the refining influence of follow-up isoflavone.In addition, general technology does not require the collecting season of raw material, and nobody makes correlational study how can to make effective ingredient in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis raw material maximize the retention also.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention aims to provide a kind of preparation method of Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract, can make full use of the extraction ratio of effective constituents of the growth period and the raising raw material of its isoflavone high level accumulation in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis secondary metabolism process, help the isoflavone prepared in high purity in later stage and improve the product yield, reduce cost.
The present invention realizes by following manner:
The present invention adopts the aerial parts of the Herba Trifolii Pratentis of fresh state, and alcohol extraction concentrates through solvent recovery, extracting solution, leave standstill supernatant and precipitate (A), the A drying is Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract.
Described supernatant can be through macroporous resin adsorption, after ethanol elution, eluent concentrate, leave standstill thick paste precipitate (B).Be Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract after the B drying; A and B also can be mixed into Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract.
Described alcohol extraction is taken as 75-95% ethanol or methanol extraction.
Raw material of the present invention adopts is that the aerial parts of the Herba Trifolii Pratentis of fresh state carries out before the alcohol extraction, also can carry out cold pressing and get squeezeding juice and raw material slag; The raw material slag that obtains carries out alcohol extraction again, and alcoholic solvent reclaims, and extracting solution concentrates, and leaves standstill, and gets precipitate, is Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract after the drying precipitate.
Described squeezing the juice is to use the water of weight ratio 1~2: 1 to mix cold pressing with fresh Herba Trifolii Pratentis.
And the squeezeding juice that obtains is used ethanol elution then through macroporous resin adsorption, gets eluent, and after eluent concentrated, standing separation got the thick paste precipitate, is Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract after the drying precipitate.
Described raw material slag extracts each 1~4 hour 2 times with ethanol or the methanol eddy of 75-95%.
Be the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of 8-20% for total isoflavone content after the above-described drying precipitate, reuse ethyl acetate or ethyl acetate and refining methanol can obtain the extract of total isoflavone content the Herba Trifolii Pratentis of 20-90%.
What raw material of the present invention adopted is fresh state, is in the aerial parts of seedling stage, bud stage, florescence, blossom fall phase Herba Trifolii Pratentis.
The inventor finds that raw material adopts the aerial parts of the Herba Trifolii Pratentis that is in bud stage of fresh state, can make product obtain best yield.
The character of the content specification that the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract that the present invention makes is different is respectively yellow green to dark green powder, gas perfume (or spice), bitter in the mouth.
The invention solves the problem that in industrialized great production, is difficult to obtain in a large number the low-cost extraction of high-purity Herba Trifolii Pratentis isoflavone product, and realized from fresh Herba Trifolii Pratentis raw medicinal material, extracting the active substance isoflavone to greatest extent.Saved production cost, for the deep development of Herba Trifolii Pratentis product provides infrastructural support.
Whole technology of the present invention is simple, and effective ingredient can farthest be kept.It is the raw material of fresh plant as Extraction Technology of Trifolium pratense Isoflavones that the present invention adopts feed states; General used dry or dry in the shade plant in the material isoflavone content only in 0.1~0.5% scope, and the inventor discovers that by experiment fresh flower its isoflavone content of Herba Trifolii Pratentis in early stage can reach 0.8~1.5%, as seen both gaps are fairly obvious, because original raw material causes the forfeiture of the effective ingredient of red grass axle grass in daily dry run, the inventor discovers that also the accumulation level of aggregation of the biological secondary metabolite isoflavone of Herba Trifolii Pratentis is the highest at bud stage in addition.Thereby the inventor adopts the aerial parts of fresh Herba Trifolii Pratentis to extract, and especially the raw material of bud stage is best.The present invention has reduced cost, and has helped the purification of subsequent handling owing to the recovery rate of the extract effective ingredient isoflavone that has adopted fresh Herba Trifolii Pratentis raw material to make is much higher than the extract of being made by dry product.Its correlational study of the present invention yet there are no relevant report.
In the raw material of Herba Trifolii Pratentis was investigated, the inventor found that isoflavone levels in the fresh plant (meter of giving money as a gift) is more high than dried plant.Concrete data see the following form.
Seedling | Contain long | Alabastrum | Just spend | Contain flower | Wither | |
Fresh harvesting (meter of giving money as a gift) | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
Daily medical material (meter of giving money as a gift) | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
No matter which growth period the Herba Trifolii Pratentis plant is in as can be seen from the above table, and the content of its fresh product all is higher than the content of dry product.Yet never used fresh Herba Trifolii Pratentis in the former suitability for industrialized production as raw material.Because isoflavone content height in the use raw material, just greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of its final products undoubtedly.
The inventor is by the investigation to whole growth cycle of fresh medical material, for to effective biological total amount the highest period, to reach the reduction industrial production cost, increases the purpose of product profit.The fresh medical material that found that the Herba Trifolii Pratentis of bud stage is the optimum feed stock condition mode.(seeing figure)
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing: the biological total amount of the unit are of Herba Trifolii Pratentis is with the changing trend diagram of trophophase.
What accompanying drawing was described is the isoflavones total amount that contains in the unit are red clover plant, and with the curve map of red clover growth cycle correlation, main five points of curve form: seedling during the phase unit are trifolium pratense L. isoflavones total amount be 6.75 kilograms; Contain that unit are trifolium pratense L. isoflavones total amount is 11.55 kilograms when long-term; Unit are trifolium pratense L. isoflavones total amount is 12.00 kilograms during bud stage; Unit are trifolium pratense L. isoflavones total amount is 10.5 kilograms during the florescence; Unit are trifolium pratense L. isoflavones total amount is 8.25 kilograms when withering the phase. Can find out that from whole curve map the red clover that is in bud stage is biological isoflavones total amount the highest period in the unit are. Biological total isoflavone amount=biological total amount * red clover total isoflavones content (meter of giving money as a gift), biological total amount refers to the red clover output (meter of giving money as a gift) of unit are.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Choose fresh state, do not have the yellow aerial parts that withers, do not have addling, is in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis plant of bud stage, after the chopping, with 80% ethanol of 2 times of bright medical material weight reflux, extract, together 2 times, each 2 hours.Merge extractive liquid, reclaims, concentrates, cooling, standing separation get precipitate, drying precipitate got the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 17%.
Embodiment 2
Choose fresh state, do not have the yellow aerial parts that withers, do not have addling, is in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis plant of bud stage, after the chopping, with 90% ethanol of 2 times of bright medical material weight reflux, extract, together 2 times, each 2 hours.Merge extractive liquid, concentrates, cooling, standing separation get precipitate, drying precipitate got the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 20%.
Embodiment 3
Choose fresh state, do not have the yellow aerial parts that withers, do not have addling, is in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis plant of bud stage, after the chopping, with 95% ethanol of 2 times of bright medical material weight reflux, extract, together 2 times, each 2 hours.Merge extractive liquid, concentrates, cooling, standing separation get precipitate, drying precipitate got the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 22.4%.
Embodiment 4
Choose fresh state, do not have the yellow aerial parts that withers, do not have addling, is in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis plant of bud stage, after the chopping, with 80% methanol of 2 times of bright medical material weight reflux, extract, together 2 times, each 2 hours.Merge extractive liquid, concentrates, cooling, standing separation get precipitate, drying precipitate got the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 18%.
Choose fresh state, do not have the yellow aerial parts that withers, do not have addling, is in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis plant of bud stage, after the chopping, with 90% methanol of 2 times of bright medical material weight reflux, extract, together 2 times, each 2 hours.Merge extractive liquid, concentrates, cooling, standing separation get precipitate, drying precipitate got the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 22.5%.
Embodiment 6
Choose fresh state, do not have the yellow aerial parts that withers, do not have addling, is in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis plant of bud stage, after the chopping, with 95% methanol of 2 times of bright medical material weight reflux, extract, together 2 times, each 2 hours.Merge extractive liquid, concentrates, cooling, standing separation get precipitate, drying precipitate got the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 24%.
Embodiment 7
The Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of the total isoflavone content 20% that embodiment 2 is obtained promptly gets the precipitate filtration drying Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 55% through ethyl acetate extraction 2 times after concentrating.
Embodiment 8
The Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of the total isoflavone content 55% that embodiment 7 is obtained stirred 20 minutes with ethyl acetate merceration three times at every turn, discarded the ethyl acetate part, after the solid content drying, the isoflavone extract of total isoflavone content 73%.
Embodiment 9
The Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of the total isoflavone content 73% that embodiment 8 is obtained extracts 2 times with the hot reflux of 5 times of amount methanol, each 15 minutes, cooled and filtered, filter cake reuse methanol eddy extracts 3 times, each 2 hours, filtered while hot, the filtrate cooling crystallization will promptly obtain the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 95% after the crystal drying.
Choose fresh state, do not have the yellow aerial parts that withers, do not have addling, is in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis plant of seedling phase, after the chopping, with 90% ethanol of 2 times of bright medical material weight reflux, extract, together 2 times, each 2 hours.Merge extractive liquid, reclaims, concentrates, cooling, standing separation get precipitate, drying precipitate got the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 19%.
Embodiment 11
Choose fresh state, do not have the yellow aerial parts that withers, do not have addling, is in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis plant of anthesis, after the chopping, with 90% ethanol of 2 times of bright medical material weight reflux, extract, together 2 times, each 2 hours.Merge extractive liquid, reclaims, concentrates, cooling, standing separation get precipitate, drying precipitate got the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 15%.
Embodiment 12
Choose fresh state, do not have the yellow aerial parts that withers, do not have addling, is in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis plant of blossom fall phase, after the chopping, with 90% ethanol of 2 times of bright medical material weight reflux, extract, together 2 times, each 2 hours.Merge extractive liquid, reclaims, concentrates, cooling, standing separation get precipitate, drying precipitate got the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 13%.
Embodiment 13
Total isoflavone content 19% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract that embodiment 10 is obtained is with ethyl acetate backflow 3 times, recovery, cooling, crystallize, precipitation, with after the precipitate drying total isoflavone content is 72% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract.
Embodiment 14
Total isoflavone content 72% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract that embodiment 13 obtains is measured dissolve with methanol with 4 times, with hot reflux 2 times, each 15 minutes, cooled and filtered, filter cake reuse methanol eddy extracts 3 times, and each 2 hours, filtered while hot, filtrate cooling back crystallize, with after the crystal drying total isoflavone content is 90% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract.
Choose fresh state, do not have a yellow aerial parts that withers, do not have addling, is in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis plant of bud stage.With weight ratio is the water and the fresh plant input juice extractor of 2 times of amounts.The back filter pressing separation of squeezing the juice obtains squeezeding juice and raw material slag.
Embodiment 16
The raw material slag part that embodiment 15 is obtained is with 80% ethanol, reflux, extract, 2 times, each 2 hours.The extracting solution concentrating under reduced pressure is recovered to does not have alcohol flavor substantially, cools off, leaves standstill 24 hours, separates obtaining promptly getting the extract that contains total isoflavone 18% after the thick drying precipitate.Be 51% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract with this 18% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract with the refining isoflavone content that obtains of ethyl acetate backflow again.
Squeezeding juice is by after the macroporous resin adsorption, earlier with 3 times of column volumes of ethanol elution (putting in addition) of 10%, reclaims, concentrates again with 3 times of column volumes of ethanol elution of 80%, and with eluent, promptly gets total isoflavone content after the drying and be 24% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract.With this extract ethyl acetate backflow twice, obtain the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 67%.
Embodiment 17
The raw material slag part that embodiment 15 is obtained is with 90% ethanol, reflux, extract, 2 times, each 2 hours.The extracting solution concentrating under reduced pressure is recovered to does not have alcohol flavor substantially, cools off, leaves standstill 12 hours, obtains thick precipitate.Precipitate is 55% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract with the refining isoflavone content that obtains of ethyl acetate backflow.
Embodiment 18
The raw material slag part that embodiment 15 is obtained is with 95% ethanol, reflux, extract, 2 times, each 2 hours.The extracting solution concentrating under reduced pressure is recovered to does not have alcohol flavor substantially, cools off, leaves standstill 12 hours, obtains thick precipitate.Precipitate is 58% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract with the refining isoflavone content that obtains of ethyl acetate backflow.
Embodiment 19
The raw material slag part that embodiment 15 is obtained is with 90% methanol, reflux, extract, 2 times, each 2 hours.The extracting solution concentrating under reduced pressure is recovered to does not have alcohol flavor substantially, cools off, leaves standstill 12 hours, obtains thick precipitate.Precipitate is 53% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract with the refining isoflavone content that obtains of ethyl acetate backflow.
Embodiment 20
The squeezeding juice that embodiment 15 is obtained is by after the macroporous resin adsorption, earlier with 3 times of column volumes of ethanol elution (putting in addition) of 10%, reclaim, concentrate again with 3 times of column volumes of ethanol elution of 80%, and with eluent, promptly get total isoflavone content after the drying and be 24% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract.With this extract ethyl acetate backflow twice, obtain the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 67%.
Embodiment 21
Choose fresh state, do not have a yellow aerial parts that withers, do not have addling, is in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis plant of seedling phase.With weight ratio is the water and the fresh plant input juice extractor of 1 times of amount.The back filter pressing of squeezing the juice obtains squeezeding juice and raw material slag.
With raw material slag part with 90% ethanol, reflux, extract, 2 times, each 2 hours.The extracting solution concentrating under reduced pressure is recovered to does not have alcohol flavor substantially, cools off, leaves standstill 12 hours, obtains thick precipitate.Precipitate is 56% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract with the refining isoflavone content that obtains of ethyl acetate backflow.
Squeezeding juice is by after the macroporous resin adsorption, earlier with 3 times of column volumes of ethanol elution (putting in addition) of 10%, reclaims, concentrates again with 3 times of column volumes of ethanol elution of 90%, and with eluent, promptly gets total isoflavone content after the drying and be 24% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract.With this extract ethyl acetate backflow twice, obtain the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 67%.
Embodiment 22
Choose fresh state, do not have a yellow aerial parts that withers, do not have addling, is in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis plant of anthesis.With weight ratio is the water and the fresh plant input juice extractor of 2 times of amounts.The filter pressing of squeezing the juice obtains squeezeding juice and raw material slag.
With raw material slag part with 90% ethanol, reflux, extract, 2 times, each 2 hours.The extracting solution concentrating under reduced pressure is recovered to does not have alcohol flavor substantially, cools off, leaves standstill 12 hours, obtains thick precipitate.Precipitate is 59% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract with the refining isoflavone content that obtains of ethyl acetate backflow.
Squeezeding juice is by after the macroporous resin adsorption, earlier with 3 times of column volumes of ethanol elution (putting in addition) of 10%, reclaims, concentrates again with 3 times of column volumes of ethanol elution of 90%, and with eluent, promptly gets total isoflavone content after the drying and be 24% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract.With this extract ethyl acetate backflow twice, obtain the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 67%.
Embodiment 23
Choose fresh state, do not have a yellow aerial parts that withers, do not have addling, is in the Herba Trifolii Pratentis plant of blossom fall phase.With weight ratio is the water and the fresh plant input juice extractor of 2 times of amounts.Obtain squeezeding juice and raw material slag with the separation of cylinder filter press technique after squeezing the juice.
With raw material slag part with 90% ethanol, reflux, extract, 2 times, each 2 hours.The extracting solution concentrating under reduced pressure is recovered to does not have alcohol flavor substantially, cools off, leaves standstill 12 hours, obtains thick precipitate.Precipitate is 57% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract with the refining isoflavone content that obtains of ethyl acetate backflow.
Squeezeding juice is by after the macroporous resin adsorption, earlier with 3 times of column volumes of ethanol elution (putting in addition) of 10%, reclaims, concentrates again with 3 times of column volumes of ethanol elution of 90%, and with eluent, promptly gets total isoflavone content after the drying and be 24% Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract.With this extract ethyl acetate backflow twice, obtain the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract of total isoflavone content 67%.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation method of Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract, what raw material adopted is fresh state, be in the aerial parts of the Herba Trifolii Pratentis of bud stage, get squeezeding juice and raw material slag through cold pressing, the raw material slag is through alcohol extraction, alcoholic solvent reclaims, and extracting solution concentrates, leaves standstill, and is Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract after the drying precipitate that obtains; Squeezeding juice after macroporous resin adsorption with ethanol elution, after eluent concentrates, cooling leave standstill the thick paste precipitate, be Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract after drying.
2. the preparation method of Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract according to claim 1, described squeezing the juice is that water with weight ratio 1~2: 1 mixes cold pressing with fresh Herba Trifolii Pratentis.
3. the preparation method of Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract according to claim 1, described thick paste precipitate drying get the Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract that content is 20-90% through ethyl acetate or ethyl acetate and refining methanol again.
4. the preparation method of Herba Trifolii Pratentis extract according to claim 1, described raw material slag was with the reflux, extract, of 75-95% ethanol or methanol 2 times, each 1~4 hour.
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