CN1981198A - Power consumption measuring device and power control system - Google Patents

Abstract

A single-phase, 3-wire watthour meter which can measure power consumption, alter a contract capacity, control the stop/start of power supply/distribution, and easily update programs from a higher-level control apparatus by providing a central processing unit, a storing means, a communicating means and various interfaces, can measure, for example, every 0.2 sec, a currents (ia and ib) running through 100V T-phase and R-phase, voltages (v1 and v2) between T-N and between R-N and a current (i3) and a voltage (v3) under a 200V load, determine a 100V power consumption by W100=(ia-i3)v1 +(ib-i3)v2 and a 200V power consumption by W200=i3v3, and measure the detailed behavior of a power consumption by totaling a power consumption every 30 min, interlocks with a gas leakage detector and a fire alarm, can control the opening/closing of rain doors and shutters and the operation/stop of Internet home electric appliances, and enables low-cost communication by means of dynamic IP Address-based communication.

Description

Electricity usage quantity measuring device and electric power management system

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of be arranged in the private distribution system need user side, instrumentation is as the electric weight measuring device and the electric power management system of the use amount of the electric weight separately of the foundation of charge.

Background technology

In the average family of majority with single-phase three-wire formula supply capability, thereby can use about 100V (hereinafter referred to as " fundamental voltage ") and about 200V (hereinafter referred to as " times voltage ").

At this, " fundamental voltage " is made as roughly 100V, " times voltage " is made as roughly 200V, but this only is for example, does not limit numerical value in the present invention.Fundamental voltage and times voltage are followed successively by 200V, 400V etc. and also are fine.

(a plurality of consumes power of instrumentation)

If can instrumentation need the employed fundamental voltage of user and both electricity usage amounts of voltage doubly by an ammeter, just more can reduce the volume of the setting of ammeter needs, thereby can effectively utilize the volume of buildings than the ammeter that both are set separately respectively.Existing invention is as described below.

In patent documentation 7 (JP special permission 3159307), be a kind of invention that monitors the electricity usage amount of each terminator, LAN has been enumerated in the connection of network.

In patent documentation 8 (JP special permission 3329335), be a kind of invention that a plurality of electric currents and voltage come instrumentation electric power of importing, though the connection of network is the mode of coming instrumentation by the conversion multicircuit, can not the while instrumentation.

Patent documentation 9 (JP special permission 3092618), patent documentation 10 (JP special permission 3323469), patent documentation 11 (JP special permission 3160532) though etc. be the patent of coming the multiple electric power of instrumentation by an ammeter, can not come instrumentation fundamental voltage and times voltage both sides' electricity usage amount with an ammeter.To this in the part of the invention of patent documentation 24 (JP special permission 3339495), patent documentation 25 (TOHKEMY 2003-222645) etc., by an ammeter can a plurality of load circuits of instrumentation consumption electric power.But can not with household safe and information household appliances equipment linkage, and when the peak value of power consumption, can not cut off electric power etc.

(remote meter reading)

Since wish the saving of labour cost and check meter correct, in the past with regard to hope need not the person of checking meter visit respectively instrumentation also need the user electric power etc. consumption and carry out instrumentation from afar, such invention has also existed a lot.Patent documentation 1 (TOHKEMY 2001-266277) relates to a kind of PHS of use and the remote meter reading method of CATV net and the invention of system.Patent documentation 2 (TOHKEMY 2003-242582) be a kind of with have mimic channel with and digital circuit be the remote electric charge meter copying device of feature with both interface.Patent documentation 3 (TOHKEMY 2000-286757) relates to the power line carrier invention of communicator as the communication line in the Automatic meter reading system.

(unit price on a time period)

Patent documentation 4 (TOHKEMY 2004-233239) considers that the time of power consumption changes on the basis of the function of remote meter reading, can calculate for example electricity charge of the different time period on daytime and the late into the night with an ammeter.But in any one invention of these 4 inventions, all can not also can not show the electricity usage amount of fundamental voltage and times voltage alternately by check meter the simultaneously electricity usage amount of instrumentation fundamental voltage and times voltage of an ammeter.In addition, when the signal from ammeter is not sent to upper system because of certain situation, can not send the semaphore request signal to ammeter from upper system.

(utilizing stopping and beginning of Long-distance Control)

Unpaid or when under the situation that shelter leaves etc., stopping the supply of electric power in the electricity charge that need the house, be to take operating personnel to visit to need the house to carry out the method for the excision operation etc. of electric wire in the past.Need the manpower expense but carry out operation, so wish for the minimizing funds can Long-distance Control by operating personnel.In patent documentation 5 (JP special permission 3088958), can be from afar carry out the beginning that electric power supplies with and stop, and can confirm power supply situation with radio.In patent documentation 6 (JP special permission 3202005), invented the method that connects meter reading terminal and principal computer with RS485 telecommunication circuit, PHS etc.In this invention, be arranged on a plurality of ammeter automatic data loggings of principal computer Long-distance Control at center, when peak value, judge whether switch simultaneously, and carry out Long-distance Control according to importance degree.But whether record does not have the preferential concrete technology contents of switch.

But, can not distinguish the use amount of instrumentation fundamental voltage and times voltage by an ammeter to the electricity usage amount that needs the house according to these prior aries.Thereby in addition also not use surpassed certain during in the scheduled volume of electricity usage amount the time need to promote the function of the electrification of house plan by the supply that stops or limit electric power, these prior aries do not possess the function that stops the supply of electric power when causing the electricity usage amount of moment owing to the reason on the safety such as the electric leakage of equipment or short circuit above the value stipulated yet in addition.And then these prior aries do not possess the function that change needs the contract capacity in house yet.

(short time value)

Patent documentation 12 (TOHKEMY 2001-83182) is though aggregate value that not only can the instrumentation electrification, can also be worth the instrumentation short time, but can not long-range instrumentation for the electricity usage amount that needs the house, in addition, can not be by the use amount of an ammeter difference instrumentation fundamental voltage and times voltage.

(the Internet household electrical appliances)

The invention that relates to the Internet household electrical appliances is quite a lot.Have: patent documentation 13 (TOHKEMY 200344691) is to be used for changing plug-in via network, and collects the invention of renewal cost; Patent documentation 14 (TOHKEMY 2003-259463) is the invention that is used to carry out the steering order association between the different the Internet home appliance of interface; Patent documentation 15 (TOHKEMY 2002-116923), be used to extract the problem of the Internet home appliance and user be discontented with invention of analyzing etc.But the invention arbitrarily that relates to the Internet household electrical appliances does not all have ammeter.

(to the interlock of household safe ammeter)

The invention that relates to household safe has a lot, for example has: patent documentation 16 (TOHKEMY 2000-251181) is to be used for via the invention of mobile phone from the home security system of external control PC control; Patent documentation 17 (TOHKEMY 2001-344411) is the invention of carrying out the transmission of dynamic image via fiber optic cables; Patent documentation 18 (JP special permission 2788910) relates to the invention of the home security system in the collective residence, is the invention that is made of sensor, monitoring arrangement, end device etc.But all inventions do not have the ammeter function.

(long-range, on a time period, from checking at a distance)

Also have based on the further invention that increases convenience from patent documentation 1 to 18 described invention.In patent documentation 19 (TOHKEMY 2005-164561), solve above-mentioned many problems, instrumentation electricity usage amount from afar, the expense of the section of asking is set on time, check use amount etc. via the Internet, but the information-storing device that makes power consumption is not accumulated in storage when not possessing situation about being used for betwixt owing to disaster or accident etc. and causing communications infrastructure line interruption, can not measure fundamental voltage and times voltage with an ammeter in addition, sending to the information of upper management organization from ammeter can only be according to the requirement from the upper managing computer structure, and can not send voluntarily.

(the Internet connection)

Patent documentation 20 (JP special permission 3538154) comes the use amount of instrumentation electric power etc. by the Internet, and can carry out reference.But in this present invention, the additional intrinsic network address that ammeter is arranged.Can not change address when promptly dynamically connecting at every turn, cause expense to increase.

(receiving program) from epigyny device

In patent documentation 21 (JP special permission 3447622), built-in services device computing machine in ammeter, and receive Agent, this Agent is collected data with electric power data and is added up to the center.But receiving this Agent in the time of will measuring the electricity usage amount at every turn and carry out work, is not resident and often work.

Patent documentation 22 (TOHKEMY 2004-4084) is the division of JP special permission 3447622, can control the peripheral equipment of surveillance camera etc. or testing state etc. from the client computer that connects by information network.

(calculating the electricity charge) with upper management organization

In patent documentation 23 (TOHKEMY 2004-233239), measure the electricity usage amount of each time period and be transferred to the treating apparatus that is arranged on administrative center, thereby can set expense unit price on a time period.But the mechanism of accumulating that does not possess long data therebetween, and when the electricity usage amount has surpassed set amount, can not cut off electric power yet and supply with.

(remote switch control)

The principal computer that patent documentation 24 (JP special permission 3202005) is arranged on the center carries out automatic data logging to a plurality of ammeters, and the invention that judges whether to need switch and carry out Long-distance Control according to importance degree when peak value electric power.But do not write the preferential concrete technology contents that whether needs with switch exactly.

(remote meter reading)

Patent documentation 1:JP spy opens 2001-266277 " remote meter reading method and system thereof ";

Patent documentation 2:JP spy opens 2003-242582 " electric weight remote meter reading device ";

Patent documentation 3:JP spy opens 2000-286757 " the power line carrier communicator, power line carrier communication system and the Automatic meter reading system that are used for Automatic meter reading system " (unit price on a time period);

Patent documentation 4:JP spy opens 2004-233239 " electric power remote meter reading method and system thereof " (stopped and being begun by Long-distance Control);

Patent documentation 5:JP special permission 3088958 " by Long-distance Control towards the power supply management method that needs the house ";

Patent documentation 6:JP speciallys permit 3202005 " electric power Automatic meter reading system " (a plurality of power consumptions that make of instrumentation);

Patent documentation 7:JP speciallys permit 3159307 " electricity monitoring systems of terminator ";

Patent documentation 8:JP speciallys permit 3329335 " multicircuit type ammeter, multicircuit type ammeter, multicircuit type electric power factor table, the invalid ammeter of multicircuit type and the invalid ammeters of multicircuit type ";

Patent documentation 9:JP speciallys permit 3092618 " multicircuit type ammeter, multicircuit type ammeter, multicircuit type electric power factor table, the invalid ammeter of multicircuit type, the invalid ammeter of multicircuit type and multicircuit type measuring instruments ";

Patent documentation 10:JP speciallys permit 3323469 " multicircuit type ammeters ";

Patent documentation 11:JP speciallys permit 3160532 " multicircuit type ammeter " (short time value);

Patent documentation 12:JP spy opens 2001-83182 " the induction type ammeter of band average electricity instrumentation function " (the Internet household electrical appliances);

Patent documentation 13:JP spy opens 200344691 " management systems of household electrical appliance plug-in ";

Patent documentation 14:JP spy opens 2003-259463 " Information Appliance device ";

Patent documentation 15:JP spy opens 2002-116923 and " utilizes the problem diagnosis method of home appliance of the Internet and used home appliance thereof " (to the interlock of household safe ammeter);

Patent documentation 16:JP spy opens 2000-251181 " home security system ";

Patent documentation 17:JP spy opens 2001-344411 " is the business of feature so that the Trinitarian type of central monitoring education business commission with the service of the nursing headed by the household safe, the Internet, regional information, image transmission etc. comprehensively to be provided according to the regional community type ":

Patent documentation 18:JP special permission 2788910 " home security systems " (the long-range instrumentation of use amount, on a time period, from checking at a distance);

Patent documentation 19:JP spy opens 2005-164561 " electric power instrumentation mode " iPB;

Patent documentation 20:JP special permission 3538154 " use amount instrumentations nuclear money methods such as use amount instrumentation nuclear money system such as electric power and electric power ";

Patent documentation 21:JP speciallys permit 3447622 " ammeters ";

Patent documentation 22:JP spy opens 2004-4084 " ammeter ";

Patent documentation 23:JP spy opens 2004-233239 " electric power remote meter reading mode and system thereof " (a plurality of power consumptions that make of instrumentation);

Patent documentation 24:JP speciallys permit 3339495 " multicircuit type measuring instruments ";

Patent documentation 25:JP spy opens 2003-222645 " multicircuit type electric power measuring device ".

Disclosure of an invention

The problem that invention will solve

According to above-mentioned prior art, because can not be by the electricity usage amount of an ammeter while instrumentation fundamental voltage and times voltage, so need two single ammeters for the use amount of instrumentation fundamental voltage and times voltage, need the space of occupying that place and distribution are set of ammeter.

In addition, promptly allow to carry out the change of contract capacity in long-range instrumentation electricity usage amount.And then, under the purpose of the self-management that needs the house, surpass predefined certain during in the electricity usage amount time, electric power moment, use amount surpassed the contract capacity time or because former on unusual etc. the safety of equipment or distribution thereby cause surpassing moment when consuming can not stop or limiting the supply of electric power.

Also have in addition, connect the present or former situation that to check electricity usage a long way off even carry out network.Electrification can not be shown alternately with fundamental voltage and times voltage.

From being arranged on the ammeter that needs house-side when the signal of the situation of supply side transmission electrification stops because of certain situation or be short of, can not be from supply side to the signal that needs house-side conveying semaphore request.

Ammeter possess general interface can not with the household safe equipment linkage with Internet function, can not wait and observe indoor conditions by connecting the USB video camera.Can not read record, on-line record, the Internet transmission of the switching of the Internet home appliance and window and door etc. via interface, can not become to know needs the guard in house situation or whether safe help.

In addition in any invention, all owing to be not mounted with OS (operating system), so whenever for the various function of loading network function etc. the time, must make all functional programs respectively to its each hardware.

The means that are used to deal with problems

The invention provides a kind of instrumentation mechanism and device of the electric power that addresses the above problem.

(fundamental voltage and times voltage being carried out instrumentation and nuclear money) with an ammeter

Among the present invention at the instrumentation of electric power, to among the single-phase three-wire, a side of the hot line of supplying with is the first current i a mobile in the hot line of positive and the cold line and the first voltage v1 between this line, and be the second current i b that flows in anti-phase hot line and the cold line and the second voltage v2 between this line the opposing party of hot line, and the 3rd current i 3 that flows in the load between both sides' hot line and the tertiary voltage v3 between this line carry out instrumentation, from the first current value ia, deduct the 3rd current value i3, obtain first power w1=(ia-i3) v1 by amassing of this value and the first magnitude of voltage v1, and from the second current value ib, deduct the 3rd current value i3, long-pending second power value w2=(ib-i3) v2 that obtains by this value and the second magnitude of voltage v2, obtain total use amount w100=w1+w2=(ia-i3) v1+ (ib-i3) v2 of prime power by two performance number sums, can obtain the independent use power w200=i3v3 of times voltage according to the long-pending of the 3rd current value i3 and tertiary voltage value v3.Can come the instrumentation fundamental voltage and the electrification of voltage doubly by an ammeter thus, and can examine money according to the pairing expense system of two voltages.The hot line of the positive that claim is put down in writing is called sheet phase (チ Star プ phase) or T phase, and anti-phase hot line is called ring phase (リ Application グ phase) or R phase, and same cold line is called the neutral line or N phase.The instrumentation of above-mentioned electric current and voltage is an instantaneous value, by accumulating each unit interval at each instantaneous value, makes power consumption thereby can calculate.

(CPU and storer)

By in ammeter of the present invention, loading CPU, storer, input-output unit, thereby as described below, for checking meter, set from afar the contract capacity from afar, stopping from afar and begin to power and distribution, be text and the peripheral equipment or the different fundamental voltage and the doubly electricity usages of voltage of nuclear money system of uploading the numerical value, control household safe etc. of the electric weight that sends institute's instrumentation and the electricity charge etc. calculates the electricity charge thereby can calculate with expense system separately not with the step-by-step counting shown in the existing ammeter but with numerical value.

In addition, in this manual, only be recited as central processing unit or CPU at the so-called computing machine or the arithmetical organ that have comprised CPU and storer etc.The function that CPU brought into play in this instructions is control, computing, storage, input and output.Even be not central authorities handle but dispersion treatment also it doesn't matter.But only be example, do not limit in the present invention.

Ammeter of the present invention possesses storing mechanism and time movement, is stored with etalon time by the electricity usage amount of above-mentioned instrumentation method institute instrumentation.

In addition, this memory storage can be in advance respectively for fundamental voltage and doubly voltage store, and the electricity usage amount unit price that each time period is different stores respectively, calculates the electricity charge and store in this ammeter.

In addition, this time movement can have both etalon time and obtain mechanism, can also possess the mechanism that comes the acceptance criteria moment and revise deviation constantly via WAN communication network.

(remote meter reading)

The power consumption that makes that respectively needs the house for instrumentation, in order to be arranged on the metering of the electricity usage amount that needs in the house, come to supply with operator's electrical management equipment and be arranged on the ammeter that needs house-side by communication agency, make the structure that to collect the information of electricity usage amount at any time in conjunction with electric power.The distribution operator needn't send the person of checking meter to needing the house to make an inspection tour the total that just can carry out the electricity usage amount thus.Have the following advantages owing to carrying out remote meter reading simultaneously.Shown in the past, generally ammeter is arranged on outdoor for the person of checking meter tour is checked meter.Need whether being in of people is arranged in the house but a suspect sees that the running of ammeter is just known sometimes, and be used to burglary etc.Ammeter of the present invention is indoor owing to being arranged on, so can prevent that this a suspect knows this and needs whether the someone is in the house.

(electric power supply side and the connected mode that needs the house-side ammeter)

Being used for the Internet to the electric power supply side is the communication agency that the management equipment of Utilities Electric Co. is connected with the ammeter that is arranged on the user and promptly needs house-side, thus can to from supply side to the ammeter that needs house-side stop and beginning electric power supply etc. control, require to send the signal of electricity usage amount, connect ammeter and household safe equipment etc. and control, be that the third party checks the electricity usage situation via the Internet from needs house and friend thereof etc.Forbid not allowing access function etc. according to not visibleization of encrypting with by what cryptoguard brought when connecting, thereby can protect individual privacy and data to change by being arranged on the Internet simultaneously.Owing to need the user in house can check the use amount that electric power lasts, thereby can hold the trend and the feature of the electricity usage of oneself, can help plan to reduce electric power thus.

(change of contract capacity)

The distribution of electric weight being supplied with jumbo distribution is wired to and needs the house in advance, sets according to sending setting contract capacity from the supply side download, thereby need not to send operating personnel to carry out the distribution engineering to the needs house-side, just can the variation on contract capacity.For the needs house, for example can enumerate can be easily and promptly realize only increasing the contract capacity between two months of summer and the advantage also returned in autumn.

(isolating switch function)

Ammeter of the present invention can come with the control from the upper managing computer structure connection shut-off mechanism (shutter, NFB, isolating switch etc.) of the line of electric force of power supply is controlled.In the time of for example will suppressing the electricity usage amount peak value in the zone in apartment etc., at supply side with need to agree following condition between the user in advance and sign a contract: be cost shortly past stopping power supply when first-class peak value consumes for example with the morning in midwinter with in full summer high noon, exchange the electricity charge of marked down this power supply of payment for, under the situation of when peak value, stopping power supply by the control of upper managing computer structure or since payment need the house expense, the situation that reason stops power supply such as to leave inferior, effectively utilizes the power consumption in the zone.Though when the short time of electric power, use amount surpassed the contract capacity, just can bring into play function by using common circuit breaker, but as this ammeter, can control from afar or by carrying out condition judgment and control by the upper managing computer structure, stop electric power and supply with at the built-in CPU of this ammeter.

Equally also can operate from afar once more and to connect, but owing to the reason on the safety etc. also can be carried out handwork by the operator on demand.Because when the fault of the electric leakage of distribution, the short circuit of equipment etc. etc. and the use amount of electric power short time are expressed than the big value of predefined value, judgement that can be by the CPU that ammeter possessed or from the signal of upper managing computer structure stops electric power and supplies with.Equally also can operate from afar once more and to connect, but owing to the reason on the safety etc. also can be carried out handwork by the operator on demand.The time of the electricity usage amount of instrumentation moment for example be pre-set 0.1 second above each extraction data constantly, more preferably every time of 0.2 to 0.5 second.The close more security that just can improve more when leaking electricity of the frequency of instrumentation, but on the other hand, the capacity that need be used to store because the quantitative change of instrumentation data is many.

(function that stops and beginning of Long-distance Control power supply)

Because can be from electric power supply side Long-distance Control ammeter, thus surpass need the house in the predefined time limit the electricity usage amount or the contract capacity in limited time, can come according to signal long-rangely to stop electric power and supply with from supply side.When the electric power quantity delivered in the zone is restricted in addition, for example be in the time period of peak value shortly past the consumption that waits electric power high noon in full summer, when the supply of the planned minimizing electric power of needs, can be based on condition and the contract agreed in advance, by control the supply capability that needs the house that stops or reducing appointment from the control of supply side.Equally, can sign the upper limit that the use amount in the regular period is set and stop the contract that electric power is supplied with on this in limited time surpassing.Simultaneously at fire or need under the situation of house unpaid expense etc., supply side can send instruction via the Internet to be stopped to needs house supply capability.

(time division)

Consider by day unit price of the time to peak section that for example changes afternoon on the basis with the late into the night etc.In the expense system, the such classification in first district and second district can be set newly, in the first district by providing electric power with contact, relative therewith, can sign the following contract of affirmation about the second district: the unit price with electric weight becomes cheap, exchange for high noon in summer shortly past the peak value of electricity usage amount the time etc., when needing the electricity usage amount in the zone (for example area or apartment etc.) that the house is positioned at excessive, reduce the electric weight of supplying with to the needs house or stop supply capability according to instruction from supply side.For the needs house, can be at cheap at ordinary times electrification; For supply side, thereby do not need the generating plant scale excessive, it seems, it seems all be preferred from the viewpoint of earth scale in addition from the viewpoint of saving energy or saving resource by suppressing the peak value electric weight.This classification is set to be downloaded from the upper managing computer structure and is sent to ammeter of the present invention, and is stored in the built-in storing mechanism of this ammeter.

(long-range checking)

The behaviour in service of lasting about electric power, upload transmission to the electric power supply side at regular intervals by the CPU that ammeter possessed, thereby can hold the electricity usage amount in the short time a long way off, for example, help to be positioned at relative at a distance and wait whether know old solitary people safety by the variation of electricity usage amount, need the user in house to recognize waste, thereby promote the planned electric power that utilizes, perhaps find the electric leakage of empty residence etc. by the situation of knowing own electricity usage.More detailed narration sends to the upper managing computer structure with the data upload of ammeter, accumulates data in this management organization, this is accumulated data user ID and password are set or encrypt and decipher such information protection mechanism, thereby can check via the Internet.

(short time value)

In addition, can will use electric quantity data to keep according to memory span and the pre-set electric weight storage more than 31 days keep during, for example through 35 days more preferably 65 days, the total ascent time of electric power arbitrarily every from 10 minutes to 2 hours, for example can keep the record of electricity usage amount every 30 minutes.Ammeter keeps the function of the necessity of storage to be, can not also note the electricity usage amount from this ammeter when upper management organization sends the information of electricity usage amount under certain conditions.

31 days such fate electric power is supplied with the operator and is asked for during the expense i.e. one month the longest fate to needing the house.65 days such fates are from mensal next the checking meter day sometimes because certain situation and the information that can not send the electricity usage amount to upper management organization from this ammeter when repairing a couple of days that needs, can be stored the memory span of the electricity usage information that keeps one whole month of checking meter day as a rule.

Though need guarantee empty storage area when being related to the manufacturing expense that needs memory span, ammeter and work, take into account the advantage of maintenance electricity usage amount, so memory capacity is bigger also harmless in the present invention.

In addition, by built-in control program, can have the self-examination function, make regular check on function.Can be implemented in addition on the display panel of LED etc. and check the function that makes power consumption.For example by pressing the demonstration switching push button, thereby nested type circulates successively and shows total use amount, fundamental voltage use amount, times voltage use amount.In addition, can be set under show state arbitrarily, show total use amount, perhaps show on a time period or by each use amount in season etc. according to instruction through all returning behind the certain hour.Can show that equally electric power is supply condition or dissengaged positions.

At this moment, can't can need the ammeter of house-side output signal to require signal (detection signal in turn) to being arranged on from the needs house-side during in situation to the supply side transmission signals because of certain.In addition, can carry the electricity usage amount that to transmit with the text of numerical value rather than with the umber of pulse shown in the existing ammeter.For household safe or prevent data transmission error, the text that is sent is with encrypted, for example can encrypt with ammeter to send, and deciphers in the outside instrumentation management organization that receives etc.In this this instructions, so-called text is meant the character string that sends electricity usage amount etc. from ammeter to upper management organization, for example, make the number (IP address) of ammeter, constantly, unit interval (30 minutes etc.), voltage (fundamental voltage or doubly voltage), make such mode of power consumption, classify tokens etc.

In addition, can will use electric quantity data to keep and pre-set for example 35 days or 65 days, for example keep the record of electricity usage amount every 30 minutes according to memory span.By built-in control program, can have the self-examination function, make regular check on function in addition.Can be implemented in addition on the display panel of LED etc. and check the function that makes power consumption.For example by pressing the button, thereby nested type circulates successively and shows total use amount, fundamental voltage use amount, times voltage use amount.And, also can be set at the electricity charge that can show correspondence.In addition, can be set under show state arbitrarily, show total use amount through all returning behind the certain hour.Can show that equally electric power is supply condition or dissengaged positions.

(a plurality of interface)

Ammeter possesses the WLAN of NIC, RS485, RS232C, PLC, IEEE802 etc., the radio communication of data-modulated etc., electrical leakage breaking isolating switch function can be connected with various peripheral equipments in order to realize various functions thus with a plurality of interfaces such as data bus, USB.For example, be the shut-down mechanism etc. of open and close controlling, combustion gas or the micro-wave oven etc. of various sensors, the plank cover window of gas leakage detecting device, fire-alarm, overheat detector, water leak detectors, impact detector, infrared intrusion detecting device etc. or window shutter.The specification of interface and be not only ammeter of the present invention specification alone in addition, also can possess common specifications, can be connected with the information household appliances etc. that are not the ccd video camera, refrigerator, air-conditioning, micro-wave oven, TV, telegraphone etc. of general equipment, for example USB formula thus towards the special exploitation of this ammeter.Above-mentioned peripheral equipment only is an illustration, and the present invention does not limit.

(household safe support)

The work by being arranged on the shutter (NFB etc.) that needs house-side and the control of state is related with flame detector, smoke-detectors, leakage indicator, gas leakage detecting device etc. to be stopped the Security Countermeasures of electric power etc. and unusual suitable operation when routine is supported, thereby can improve security.For example the microphone by connecting band USB video camera waits in the monitoring room that links, in addition also can opposite house, window shutter, curtain, scavenger fan, air vent etc. carry out open and close controlling etc.

(OS utilization)

When the product of function is satisfied the demand in exploitations such as utilizing ASIC or DSP, the initial cost of exploitation and during the design need cost, to this, in the present invention by effectively utilizing the OS of Linux, TRON, windowsCE or independent OS etc., only development sequence just can be realized, so can reduce time and operation.

Be built in connection in the ammeter cut off control or operation program when upgrading to new version or for example with IP address when v4 changes into v6, when upgrading OS self, under the situation of utilizing ASIC or DSP, all must change product self during the function renewal of program, to this, owing in this ammeter, be mounted with computing machine, thereby can install via network, thereby can eliminate reduction for reprogramming and IP address and send operating personnel that the necessity in place is set to ammeter.But also it doesn't matter for the hardware of working procedures such as use PLD or FPGA.Here, IPv4 and IPv6 are changed significantly be also referred to as " renewal of OS ".

(separating of ammeter portion and interface portion)

Ammeter portion and interface portion be for dividing other individuality, cuts the waste in the time of also can or changing in the maintenance of equipment thus.But also can be one.

(use of Dynamic Local address)

In addition also for to each resident family being the IP Address that each ammeter distributes, if need the IP of house number Address to cause the price height owing to each ammeter is distributed the static address (global static address) of the overall situation then needs, use the Dynamic Local address so can replace in the present invention.Promptly be arranged in the upper managing computer structure at external management center, keeping the IP Address of the number lacked than the number of ammeter, each ammeter when communication to this ammeter distributing IP Address.Be characterised in that: in upper managing computer structure (being equivalent to Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server), admin table is set, manage which ammeter (being equivalent to dhcp client) corresponding to which IP address, in addition at this moment, can be by on the basis of software and with twocouese communication, managing the rewriting of table, thus be which the address that needs the house even IP Address change also can be specified.Usually distributing static address respectively when using the such internet information household electrical appliances of micro-wave oven or refrigerator, when utilizing ammeter of the present invention, is to give IP Address dynamically in the mode that whether has the ammeter of router feature to this just.Send reception at this ammeter and make in the data of power consumption, owing to the ammeter that does not resemble in the past, use pulse to measure use amount, so do not need at ordinary times to connect.Thus, the IP Address number guaranteed of upper managing computer structure is that minority gets final product.In an example, can need the house group promptly temporarily to give an IP Address in the information management chamber in an apartment to a plurality of, also can give this address to each ammeter, thereby the accumulation storage respectively needs the electricity usage amount data in house, and collect in touring mode.Ammeter possesses processing capacity, can calculate voluntarily and make power consumption, when judgement meets the condition of distribution cut-out, can reduce the frequency of the information that sends to upper management organization, and tie-time this moment especially shortens.As extreme example, the upper managing computer structure also can only be guaranteed single IPAddress, and this IP Address is distributed to a plurality of ammeters dynamically, thereby connects the upper managing computer structure.Can handle like this is because the mechanism of storage data is in the ammeter.In addition, inapplicable pulse and use the numeral of compressed information amount, text to send can be shortened the tie-time.At this moment also need in ammeter, have processing capacity.

(in same the Internet zone, keeping data)

In the present invention, in addition, before the instrumentation management devices that power consumption is delivered directly to be positioned at outside administrative center with each resident family, corresponding in apartment that resident family is arranged or area LAN and the next management organization of caretaker room etc. is set in the structure collective residence, by temporarily being accumulated, data remain on this next management organization, even thereby cause under the environment of communications infrastructure line interruption in disaster because of earthquake etc., also can keep collecting data and can accumulate data by instrumentation.For the positive of the fundamental voltage of each resident family and anti-phase and voltage doubly, can keep every 30 minutes electricity usage data for example keep more than two months during.This next management organization have information transfer function that outside communications infrastructure promptly monitors Wide Area Network whether operate as normal mechanism and be used for the very power supply that LAN can be worked alone in special moment, when LAN is interrupted, power supply is switched to very power supply, the canned data of the memory storage of electricity usage quantity measuring device is sent to the special moment backup storage device by LAN stores.

The effect of invention

By utilizing the present invention, by being set, a minimum ammeter of volume just can distinguish the electricity usage amount both sides of voltage (times voltage) of the roughly twice of the electricity usage amount of the different fundamental voltage of instrumentation expense system and fundamental voltage, thereby can realize: checking meter from afar makes power consumption, check the situation of electricity usage a long way off, carry out the change of contract capacity, supply with at Long-distance Control electric power, show the electricity usage amount of fundamental voltage and the electricity usage amount use amount separately of times voltage together, respectively with separately expense system computing energy charge, keep the household safe function, rewrite program easily owing to be mounted with OS.In addition, with regard to 100V, can obtain the electrification of positive and anti-phase load respectively, thereby for a long time at the consumption electric power that for example will know which system or which equipment, perhaps to help to know the problem of electric leakage or equipment, when understanding positive and anti-phase consumption whether deviation etc. being arranged, can play effect.

The simple declaration of accompanying drawing

Fig. 1 is the front view and the connection layout of total ammeter and the independent electric weight of voltage portion.

Fig. 2 is the block diagram of total ammeter.

Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the independent electric weight of voltage portion.

Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of electric power management system.

Fig. 5 is to use the synoptic diagram of electric weight instrumentation.

Fig. 6 represents the electric power calculation process of CPU-1.

Fig. 7 represents the function of CPU-1.

Fig. 8 represents the fundamental voltage and the calculation process of the electrification of voltage doubly.

Fig. 9 represents the electric power computing function of CPU-2.

Figure 10 represents the function of CPU-2.

Figure 11 is the side view of ammeter shown in Figure 1.

The explanation of Reference numeral

12: transformation device

13: collective residence

14: occupant's inhabitation zoning

16: kilowatt meter observing and controlling control equipment

21: the kilowatt meter measurement equipment

22: instrumentation communication line (LAN)

23: instrumentation management devices (the next management organization)

25: the Internet (Wide Area Network)

26: the electric weight measuring device

27: the long-range shut-off mechanism of the online upstream of non-preferential (inferior) 100V feeder line

31: the 100V feeder line that the priority of cut-out is low

32: the 100V feeder line that the priority of cut-out is high

The 33:200V feeder line

90: the electric power operator of Utilities Electric Co. or specific scale (PPS:Power Producer andSupplier)

91: high pressure, special high voltage transmission line

101: from the hot line (positive) of electric power supply side

102: from the cold line of electric power supply side

103: from the hot line (anti-phase) of electric power supply side

104: the hot line (positive) that connects total ammeter and single ammeter

105: the cold line that connects total ammeter and single ammeter

106: the hot line (anti-phase) that connects total ammeter and single ammeter

107: the electric weight display panel

110: the data bus connecting line

117: from the hot line (positive) of single ammeter to the load connection; Fundamental voltage is used

118: from the cold line of single ammeter to the load connection; Fundamental voltage is used

119: from the hot line (anti-phase) of single ammeter to the load connection; Fundamental voltage is used

120: from the hot line (positive) of single ammeter to the load connection; Times voltage is used

121: from the hot line (anti-phase) of independent ammeter to the load connection; Times voltage is used

141: demonstration LED panel is confirmed in work

142: not paying shows the LED panel

143: overburden shows the LED panel

151: total ammeter

152: the single ammeter of band peripheral equipment control function

170: show change-over switch

208: the inlet of power supply

209: data bus (RS232C etc.)

210: data bus (RS232C etc.)

308: data bus (RS232C etc.)

309: data bus (RS232C etc.)

310: the delivery outlet of power supply

312: the isolating switch connector

313: data bus (LAN etc.)

314: data bus (RJ485 etc.)

315: data bus (RS232C etc.)

316: data bus (USB etc.)

The load of 160:200V class

100V: fundamental voltage

200V: times voltage

The long-range shut-off mechanism of the distribution wire of B:200V

The long-range shut-off mechanism of the feeder line of BX:200V

The long-range shut-off mechanism of the feeder line of CX:31

The long-range shut-off mechanism of the feeder line of DX:32

C (1): from 31 power supplies and to the long-range shut-off mechanism of the circuit of J (1) distribution

C (2): from 31 power supplies and to the long-range shut-off mechanism of the circuit of J (2) distribution

C (3): from 31 power supplies and to the long-range shut-off mechanism of the circuit of J (3) distribution

C (N-1): from 31 power supplies and to the long-range shut-off mechanism of the circuit of J (N-1) distribution

C (N): from 31 power supplies and to the long-range shut-off mechanism of the circuit of J (N) distribution

D (1): from 32 power supplies and to the long-range shut-off mechanism of the circuit of K (1) distribution

D (2): from 32 power supplies and to the long-range shut-off mechanism of the circuit of K (2) distribution

D (3): from 32 power supplies and to the long-range shut-off mechanism of the circuit of K (3) distribution

D (N-1): from 32 power supplies and to the long-range shut-off mechanism of the circuit of K (N-1) distribution

D (N): from 32 power supplies and to the long-range shut-off mechanism of the circuit of K (N) distribution

J (1): the first preferential electrical equipment

J (2): the second preferential electrical equipment

J (3): the 3rd preferential electrical equipment

J (N-1): the electrical equipment that N-1 is preferential

The electrical equipment (electrical equipment that priority is the most last) that J (N): N is preferential

K (1): the first preferential electrical equipment

K (2): the second preferential electrical equipment

K (3): the 3rd preferential electrical equipment

K (N-1): the electrical equipment that N-1 is preferential

The electrical equipment (electrical equipment that priority is the most last) that K (N): N is preferential

ADC-1: analog-digital converter (the current/voltage instrumentation of positive fundamental voltage is used)

ADC-2: analog-digital converter (the current/voltage instrumentation of anti-phase fundamental voltage is used)

ADC-3: analog-digital converter (the current/voltage instrumentation of times voltage is used)

CPU-1: total electric weight instrumentation central arithmetic unit

CPU-2: the independent electric weight instrumentation of times voltage loads is supplied with the control central arithmetic unit in order to reach electric power

CT1: current converter (the electric current instrumentation of positive fundamental voltage is used)

CT2: current converter (the electric current instrumentation of anti-phase fundamental voltage is used)

CT3: current converter (the independent electric current instrumentation of times voltage loads is used)

L: limiter

M: electric power is supplied with to cut off and is used motor

N: cold line

R hot line anti-phase (ring (リ Application グ) phase)

T: hot line positive (sheet phase)

RB: the long-range shut-off mechanism of long-range cut-out distribution (feedback) line

The transmission receiving lines of the status signal of long-range shutoff signal of RBX:RB and RB (in the connection or in cutting off)

VP1: potential difference (PD) instrumentation device (the voltage instrumentation of positive fundamental voltage is used)

VP2: potential difference (PD) instrumentation device (the voltage instrumentation of anti-phase fundamental voltage is used)

VP3: potential difference (PD) instrumentation device (the voltage instrumentation of the independent load of fundamental voltage is used)

The best mode that carries out an invention

(embodiment 1)

Below, describe with reference to accompanying drawing at embodiments of the present invention.

The overall picture of representing to use the system of ammeter of the present invention at Fig. 4.Electric power is from Utilities Electric Co. or private generating plant etc., commercial building of be fed into average family, factory via power distribution network 91, chartering etc.13 such collective residences or charter Lou Dengzhong and receive electric power with the transformation device 12 of grid etc. in the apartment for example need house 14 via what private single-phase three-wire formula power distribution network 31,32,33 supplied to each chamber with distributing electric power or respectively held personnel selection etc.In the drawings, 31,32,33 be expressed as each two, amounted to 6, but in the back as shown in Figure 5, make each two and carry out distribution from three-way.Total electricity use amount in total electric weight instrumentation machine 26 in these apartment 13 grades of instrumentation.Electric power supply with company based on total electric weight to can 13 grades asking for the electricity charge as bulk user's apartment is autonomous, can 13 ask for expense respectively to the house 14 that needs of each chamber and the apartment is autonomous based on the electric weight of each chamber.Electric power is fed into each chamber by single-phase three-wire formula distribution 31,32,33 needs house 14, thereby carries out the supply 31,32 of fundamental voltage (as an about 100V of example) and the doubly supply of voltage (approximately 220V) 33.Instrumentation needs the electricity usage amount in house 14 like this: in the instrumentation portion 21 in ammeter 16 of the present invention at each constantly instrumentation voltage and electric current.The power consumption that makes of institute's instrumentation passes through local area network communication line 22, is transferred to the next management organization 23.Every for example 0.2 second or the 0.5 second pre-set time interval, send the current value measured, magnitude of voltage, charge value etc. with mode message.Add up to the electricity usage amount that respectively needs the house in the next management organization 23, the apartment is autonomous can to need house 14 to ask for expense to each family.The apartment is autonomous can to obtain the electric power supply with cheap unit price as the bulk user, needs house 14 because this is assigned to each family, supplies with so each family needs house 14 can obtain the electric power more cheap than electric power contract respectively.Be set at the apartment autonomous can the Wide Area Network 25 of the next management organization 23 by the Internet etc., be transferred to the management system 43 of electric power supply side, electric power is supplied with company can ask for the electricity charge based on the total use amount of electric power to the apartment autonomy.Need the house also can check the electricity usage situation of oneself by Wide Area Network 25 in addition from being arranged on outdoor display terminal 44.Display terminal can list PC that is connected with the Internet etc., since check the place for example from the place of working, Reiseziel, go on business ground, friend family, Internet bar etc. be by wired or wireless Internet transmission information, perhaps train, automobile, taxi, the ambulance from mobile is medium transmits information by wireless Internet.

Management system 43 is for example carried out to judge and to control.To when waiting electricity usage amount that needs house group 13 to increase, suppress peak value electric power at high noon in summer.Management system 43 instrumentation in the next management organization 23 is held the use amount that needs among the house group 13, is judging the electricity usage amount more for a long time, the electric power supply that makes power supply shearing device DX work and cut off the 100V that supplies with to a system.Exchange the cheap contract of electric power unit price to needing house 14 to sign approval in advance for the cut cost of isopreference when the peak value electric power.Equally, also can replace and cut off the electric power system that needs house group 13, and need to cut off in the house 14 specific distribution system at each.At this, BX is the long-range shut-off mechanism of the feeder line of 200V, and CX is the side's of 100V the long-range shut-off mechanism of feeder line, and DX is the opposing party's of 100V the long-range shut-off mechanism of feeder line.Cut off a mechanism that needs many distribution wires in the house zoning (B, from C (1) to C (N) and from D (1) to D (N)) though put down in writing management base from afar respectively in remote-operated mode, these also can accept or reject adopting of selection.

In addition, J (1) is the first preferential electrical equipment, J (2) is the second preferential electrical equipment, J (3) is the 3rd preferential electrical equipment, J (N-1) is the preferential electrical equipment of N-1, J (N) is the preferential electrical equipment (electrical equipment that priority is the most last) of N, K (1) is the first preferential electrical equipment, K (2) is the second preferential electrical equipment, K (3) is the 3rd preferential electrical equipment, K (N-1) is the preferential electrical equipment of N-1, and K (N) is the preferential electrical equipment (electrical equipment that priority is the most last) of N.

Fig. 1 represents the outward appearance and the annexation of ammeter of the present invention.Make the mode of two groups in Fig. 1, promptly top is that total ammeter portion 151, bottom are fundamental voltage or the independent independent ammeter of the voltage portion 152 of voltage doubly that has the control function of peripheral equipment.But this mode is not the structure that limits in the present invention, both can be one-piece typely can be made of more individuality as required yet.If the shape of ammeter of the present invention is identical with the more existing model that circulates on market, thereby that is in order not need to carry out new engineering and design conveniently when changing ammeter.

Import three lines from the distribution of single-phase three-wire to ammeter 151, promptly a side of hot line is that the opposing party of positive 101, cold line (N phase) 102, hot line is anti-phase 103.To the independent ammeter of voltage portion 152 output the hot line of electric power and the supply line of cold line (with 101,102,103 corresponding successively 104,105,106) are arranged from total ammeter 151.Total electricity display panel 107 is panels of the use amount that is harmonious of expression fundamental voltage, times voltage and two voltages.Also can show corresponding expense.

Display panel the 141,142, the 143rd shows " LED is confirmed in work " that ammeter of the present invention is being worked successively, " the unpaid LED of expense " that shows when for example stopping the supply of electric power needing the house not pay, " the overburden LED " that isolating switch work when electric leakage waits and stopping to show when electric power is supplied with etc.The content of this display panel and number only are illustrations, do not limit in the present invention.Operate by 43 pairs of these demonstrations of upper managing computer structure by the built-in control program of CPU or via LAN 22.Isolating switch can come operating breaker by the CPU of ammeter of the present invention, and simultaneously can be same pass through manually cut off, connects, works and confirm etc.For connecting once more, cut off because of overburden electric power when supplying with for safety verification usually manually operating, but also can carry out operated from a distance by upper managing computer structure 43.This function only is an illustration, does not limit in the present invention.The electric power of 100V is supplied with in the load in to family etc. in an example of fundamental voltage of the supply line 117,118,119 of electric power, and the electric power of 200V is supplied with in electric power supply line 120,121 load in to family etc. in times voltage one example.Only is for example with supply separately as a series, does not limit its number.

Have CPU in total ammeter 151 inside, it carries out the instrumentation and the demonstration of electric weight, and carry out with peripheral equipment communicate by letter and with the fundamental voltage of band control function or doubly the independent ammeter portion 152 of a voltage of voltage send received signal.In order to carry out sending received signal and be connected 110 with the independent ammeter of voltage portion 152.The versabus that for example also has RS232C etc. in addition, the person of checking meter and operator can also can effectively be used in the read-write of data or program with its equipment that is connected personal computer etc.Though as RS232C, only is for example with bus, does not limit its kind and number in the present invention.If have many RS232C buses, then for example by RS232C bus signal with the continuous output power use amount of pre-set certain time interval between 0.2 second to 0.5 second.In the time of for example information can not being sent, use another RS232C bus in order to require signal (detection signal in turn) from received signals such as ammeters because of certain situation.

In addition, have RS232C bus and RS485 bus etc., for example the person of checking meter is connected the equipment of personal computer etc. with available its such as operator, effectively is used in reading of data and program.Also can connect isolating switch.Also can utilize the bus of USB etc. to communicate with outside surveillance camera, various household safe equipment etc.

Electric power is carried out the distribution of distribution, as fundamental voltage with (for example 100V) be made as T mutually 117, N mutually 118, R mutually 119, be made as T phase 120, R phase 121 as times voltage with (for example 200V), distinguish illustration one group, but also a side or the both sides of fundamental voltage and times voltage can have been made many groups.Above-mentioned expense is divided and is divided into first district and second district, on the one hand (for example first district) except that electric leakage and pay etc. unusual the time normal supply electric power, (for example second district) cuts off when allowing cut-out in the contract when for example the interior electricity usage amount in the zone of waiting in the zone or the apartment is too much when the peak value power consumption in afternoon in summer etc. on the other hand.Two 100V systems 31 and 32 are one examples among Fig. 4.

Be connected to the Internet via NIC bus of RJ45 etc. etc.When the behaviour in service that the relevant personnel that need the own and family in house (irrelevant with individual or legal person) etc. check electric power from afar, supply with and be used effectively when the dealer rewrites plug-in in addition.

The wireless transmission that can possess such signal such as the aerophone function of utilizing PHS in inside receives specification, the transmission that also can carry out signal receives, with being connected of equipment, the Internet connection etc.The shape of bus shown here, specification, purposes, quantity etc. only are for example, and is unqualified in the present invention.

In addition, when being arranged on the ammeter a plurality of of the present invention that waits between the neighbours in apartment and interconnecting, need not be wired and with wireless also having no relations.The mechanism of the information protection of wishing when wireless connections that especially ID and password are set or encrypting and decipher.When wireless connections, connect in addition, can be implemented in and send the extremely device of weak miniaturization and of electric wave in the network in the zone by carry out network by daisy chain mode.The reason that described basis is following.That is, when management organization's acquisition of information, each ammeter is in order to send information to this management organization respectively, must have sufficient transmission and export and send.With respect to sending respectively, in the transmission of daisy chain mode, ammeter sends to the ammeter of approaching other successively and accumulates information like this, at last full detail is sent to management organization.Thus, in sending respectively, export, to this, in the transmission of daisy chain mode, as long as can be to the output of adjacent ammeter transmission from the transmission that management organization's ammeter farthest needs to send to management organization.

The block diagram of representing ammeter 151 at Fig. 2.The T phase 101 of single-phase three-wire, N phase 102, R 103 distribution mutually export supply capability to independent ammeter 152 distributions of a voltage, simultaneously in CT1 and CT2 instrumentation at cold line and T mutually and the electric current (ia and ib successively) that flows in mutually of R, in VP1 and VP2 respectively between instrumentation T phase and cold line and R mutually and the voltage between cold line (being followed successively by v1 and v2).From the signal of reometer CT1, voltage table VP1 through analog-digital converter ADC-1, from the signal of reometer CT2, voltage table VP2 through analog-digital converter ADC-2, and be transported to central processing unit CPU-1.

In CPU-1, receive the current value and the magnitude of voltage of R phase and T phase, calculate used electric weight, used total electric weight is transported to the independent ammeter portion 152 of a voltage that communicates and have control function with peripheral equipment.For example use the RS232C bus to send.In addition, can on the display panel 107 of LED etc., realize making the look facility of power consumption.Total use amount, 100V use amount, 200V use amount in total electric weight in during for example usually showing, circulation that can nested type by pressing the button show during waited in one month certain.In addition, under show state arbitrarily, through all returning the demonstration of total use amount behind the certain hour.And then, can be set at each use amount in the short time that shows the regulation that waited in 30 minutes.This display object only is an illustration, does not limit in the present invention.

Represent the block diagram of communicating by letter and having the independent ammeter portion 152 of the fundamental voltage of control function and times voltage with peripheral equipment at Fig. 3.

By distribution, receive T phase, N phase, the R phase (being followed successively by 104,105,106) of single-phase three-wire from total ammeter portion 151.In Fig. 3, by the mobile electric current (i3) of the load of CT3 instrumentation times voltage (for example being made as 200V) at this, in VP3, come the voltage (v3) of instrumentation load, in CPU-2, calculate electric power (i3v3) with the amassing of voltage and current of utilizing from the data of CPU-1 by analog-digital converter ADC-3.In Fig. 3, though illustration the independent electrification of instrumentation times voltage (being 200V in this example), also can be determined at T mutually or the independent electrification of the fundamental voltage that flows in the load of N phase (being 100V in this example).The instrumentation position of electric current and voltage only is an illustration, does not limit.The electrification of a side by obtaining fundamental voltage in Fig. 3, thus subtraction in CPU, implemented, can obtain the electrification separately of fundamental voltage and times voltage.

Represent to be used to calculate positive and anti-phase fundamental voltage and the doubly voltmeter and the galvanometric example that the place is set of voltage at Fig. 5.

Use Fig. 6 to represent computing.The electric current (ia) of the T phase of institute's instrumentation is at the electric current (i1) of first fundamental voltage (positive) current downflow with in times electric current of voltage current downflow (i3) sum (ia=i1+i3) in CT1.The electric current (ib) of the R phase of institute's instrumentation is the electric current (i2) of second fundamental voltage (anti-phase) current downflow and in times electric current of voltage current downflow (i3) sum (ib=i2+i3) in CT2.In CT3, (be positive in this example to the electric current that in the load of times voltage, flows; I3) carry out instrumentation.Thus, if from the electric current (ia) of institute's instrumentation among CT1, deduct the electric current (i3) of institute's instrumentation in CT3, the electric current (i1=ia-i3) of the T phase current downflow of then obtaining at fundamental voltage, equally, if from the electric current (ib) of institute's instrumentation among CT2, deduct the electric current (i3) of institute's instrumentation in CT3, the electric current (i2=ib-i3) of the R phase current downflow of then obtaining at fundamental voltage, by with each electric current with VP1, VP2, each self-corresponding voltage multiplied each other when VP3 measured, thereby the positive of obtaining fundamental voltage anti-phase separately make power consumption, promptly obtain successively (ia-i3) v1 and (ib-i3) v2 and doubly voltage make power consumption w200=i3v3.The use amount of the 100V that the positive of obtaining is anti-phase, the use amount of 200V, total use amount etc. can be delivered to CPU-1 from CPU-2, are presented on the display panel 107.The role-sharing of CPU-1 and CPU-2 only is an illustration, is not defined.Also CPU can and then be set in addition, or in a CPU, carry out whole processing and calculating.

Return Fig. 3, M is the motor that is used to cut off the supply of electric power.Since electric leakage or short circuit etc. cause electric current flow when superfluous, when surpassing the contract capacity, because unpaid expense or leave etc. former thereby the contract divided will cut off electric power the time, according to the electricity expense in above-mentioned first district and second district will cut off or when limiting electric power etc., carry out work as isolating switch.Open, when reopening, close earlier after cold line can being set at when interlock is cut off.L is the limit device that is used to confirm the isolating switch function operation, and detecting circuit is in the closure or in opening.This motor and limiter etc. only illustration are used for the function of existing ammeter, are not defined in the present invention.

Fundamental voltage or doubly the independent ammeter portion 152 of voltage in the example of Fig. 3 to T mutually 104 with R mutually in 106 the electric current of mobile times voltage carry out instrumentation, but also can to T mutually the electric current of 104 fundamental voltages that flow in 105 mutually with N carry out instrumentation, perhaps to R mutually 106 with N mutually in 105 the electric current of mobile fundamental voltage carry out instrumentation.The instrumentation position of electric current and voltage and the computing method of electric power only are illustration, and are unqualified in the present invention.

In addition, from 117,118,119 to needing the employed electrical equipment in house to supply with the electric power of fundamental voltage, from 120,121 equally to needing the house to supply with the electric power of times voltage.141, the 142, the 143rd, the display panel of LED etc.

In central processing unit, be mounted with storer, can preestablishing according to memory span in 35 days or 65 days that use electric quantity data thus, every 30 minutes records keep fundamental voltage and times voltage separately make power consumption.This fate and the time interval only are illustrations, do not limit in the present invention.

And then can pass through the built-in program of central processing unit, calculate each voltage and each time period expense system separately at the galvanometer that measures, have and when unpaid expense, stop the function that electric power is supplied with, the immediate current when electric leakage waits stop when surpassing predefined value the electric power supply function, self detecting function, make regular check on function.

In addition, can carry out the change of contract capacity.Can distribution be set with predefined high capacity, set the moment electric weight according to the instruction of CPU.Can save the operator when each capacity change towards the work that needs house exchange distribution, can contribute to reducing the manpower expense.

And then, can respectively in fundamental voltage and times voltage, set the expense that electric power utilizes on a time period.To storing setting in advance at CPU and subsidiary built-in control and the operation program of memory function, for example at dead of night (for example 23 after to point in mornings 5) simultaneously with fundamental voltage and doubly the expense of voltage be set at cheapness, (for example from noon to 16 points) is set at high price during with the electricity usage peak value, is set at the expense unit prices of the time periods beyond these medium.

Though make four classification (from 5 of mornings to high noon, from high noon to 16 points, from 16 o'clock to 23 o'clock, from 23 to point in mornings 5) in the example that the division of time period is shown here, illustration does not just limit in the present invention on earth.Can freely set the number of division and the dividing mode of time period by twocouese communication from the outside.

By same consideration mode, also can carry out the setting in each season.For setting summer (for example from June to September) such as high unit price etc.In addition can assembly time section and season, during with the peak value in summer (from June to September) (from high noon to 16 points) as the ultimate cost unit price, set the expense unit price of other seasons and time period successively.

In addition, the use amount of time period in each season can be stored among the CPU, on ammeter, show or send to outside instrumentation management devices.

In addition, can be simultaneously make power consumption for dividing to store with 30 minutes the every day in 1 year, with wherein mxm. (so-called demand electric power) with produce constantly record simultaneously, on demand to the outputs such as instrumentation management devices of outside.Thereby the high noon that can correctly hold midsummer for example shortly past or the peak value of first-class electricity usage morning in midwinter.

The setting of the time period shown here and the division in season only is illustration all the time, does not limit in the present invention.

Also have in addition, the transmission of the use amount of electric power of the present invention is not to send with the umber of pulse that existing ammeter is looked, but carries out with the text of numerical value.It is that working procedure regularly sends automatically that text sends, and perhaps sends by the indication from upper managing computer structure 43.Shown in existing ammeter, ammeter must often be connected with the upper managing computer structure during metering use amount, to this, in ammeter of the present invention, uploads the transmission data with the text intermittence, so do not need frequent connection.

And then, be built-in with clock in the ammeter of the present invention, carry out the management of the division in time period and season.This clock can be set constantly and calendar according to the instruction from the instrumentation management devices of outside etc. in addition, can this ammeter is consistent with the calendar and the etalon time adjustment of external unit.

Also have in addition, the IP Address for each resident family promptly distributes each ammeter owing to overall static address price height, gives this ammeter so the present invention replaces with the Dynamic Local address assignment of cheapness when communication.It is characterized in that: admin table is set at the upper managing computer structure that is arranged in outside administrative center, manage which ammeter corresponding to which IP address, in addition at this moment, can be by on the basis of software and with twocouese communication, managing the rewriting of table, thus be which the address that needs the house even IP Address change also can be specified.

In the present invention, in addition, the instrumentation management devices that power consumption is not directly sent to be positioned at outside administrative center with each resident family, and, accumulate mechanism by in the caretaker room 23 etc. in apartment that resident family is arranged or area data being set, even thereby, can keep collecting data and instrumentation is accumulated data because of the disaster of earthquake etc. causes under the environment of communications infrastructure line interruption.For each resident family, for example keep data to reach more than two months every 30 minutes.This management devices is by power drives independently, even Wide Area Network 25 interrupts, also can collect the data that needing to keep in the house group 13.

Claims (10)

1. electricity usage quantity measuring device, power with anti-phase the three-way of hot line and cold line that exchange by positive, by supplying with the three-wire type power supply of fundamental voltage and times voltage, come the electric power consumption of instrumentation power supply target respectively with fundamental voltage and times voltage, wherein said fundamental voltage is the hot line of positive and the voltage between cold line or anti-phase hot line and the voltage between cold line, and hot line that described times of voltage is positive and the voltage between cold line and anti-phase hot line and the voltage sum between cold line, it is characterized in that possessing:

From a side hot line via load the instrumentation mechanism to the first current value ia of cold line;

The instrumentation mechanism of the first magnitude of voltage v1 between one side's hot line and cold line;

From the opposing party's hot line via load the instrumentation mechanism to the second current value ib of cold line;

The instrumentation mechanism of the second magnitude of voltage v2 between the opposing party's hot line and cold line;

Flow to the instrumentation mechanism of the 3rd current value i3 of the opposing party's hot line via load from a side hot line;

The instrumentation mechanism of tertiary voltage value v3 between one side's hot line and the opposing party's hot line;

The time movement of etalon time;

Set mechanism from time of each extraction data of 0.1 second to 1 second;

From the set mechanism of 10 minutes to 2 hours electric power total ascent times,

Possess:

The time interval of the each extraction data that set every set mechanism by time of above-mentioned each extraction data, instrumentation mechanism by the first, the 3rd current value and first magnitude of voltage comes the input current magnitude of voltage, from the first current value ia, deduct the 3rd current value i3, this difference ia-i3 and the first magnitude of voltage v1 are multiplied each other, thereby obtain the mechanism of the first instantaneous power value w1 that fundamental voltage consumes;

The time interval of the each extraction data that set every set mechanism by time of above-mentioned each extraction data, instrumentation mechanism by second, third current value and second magnitude of voltage comes the input current magnitude of voltage, from the second current value ib, deduct the 3rd current value i3, this difference ib-i3 and the second magnitude of voltage v2 are multiplied each other, thereby obtain the mechanism of the second instantaneous power value w2 that fundamental voltage consumes;

The time interval of the each extraction data that set every set mechanism by time of above-mentioned each extraction data, import the first instantaneous power value w1 and the second instantaneous power value w2 by the mechanism that obtains above-mentioned first, second power value, with the first instantaneous power value w1 and the second instantaneous power value w2 addition and obtain the mechanism of the instantaneous electric power of fundamental voltage;

The time interval of the each extraction data that set every set mechanism by time of above-mentioned each extraction data, instrumentation mechanism by above-mentioned the 3rd electric current, magnitude of voltage comes the input current magnitude of voltage, the 3rd current value i3 and tertiary voltage value v3 are multiplied each other, thereby obtain times mechanism of the instantaneous electric power of voltage;

The time interval of the each extraction data that set every set mechanism by time of above-mentioned each extraction data, import the instantaneous electric power of above-mentioned fundamental voltage, this instantaneous electric power and each time of extracting data are multiplied each other and obtain the mechanism of fundamental voltage electric weight;

With above-mentioned fundamental voltage electric weight cumulative addition up to total ascent time that the setting device that has passed through by the electric power total ascent time sets, with additive value as the fundamental voltage electric power consumption of setting in the total ascent time, fundamental voltage electric quantity data with etalon time and cumulative addition stores storing mechanism into, then the mechanism of zero clearing additive value;

The time interval of the each extraction data that set every set mechanism by time of above-mentioned each extraction data, import the above-mentioned times of instantaneous electric power of voltage, this instantaneous electric power and each time of extracting data are multiplied each other and obtain times mechanism of voltage electric weight;

With above-mentioned times of voltage electric weight cumulative addition up to total ascent time that the setting device that has passed through by the electric power total ascent time sets, with additive value as times voltage electricity consumption of setting in the total ascent time, times voltage electric quantity data with etalon time and cumulative addition stores storing mechanism into, the mechanism of zero clearing additive value then

And this electricity usage quantity measuring device has both the set mechanism during the electric weight storage that has more than 31 days keeps,

Make the mechanism that stores storing mechanism with etalon time into, the fundamental voltage electric power consumption that this storing mechanism has been stored and the etalon time of times voltage electricity consumption are judged, the record during above-mentioned electric weight storage keeps has been passed through in deletion, thereby rewrites new electric power consumption.

2. the electricity usage quantity measuring device of putting down in writing as claim 1 is characterized in that,

Having both has information communication mechanism, and this information communication mechanism is connected with the upper electrical management mechanism that is at a distance via network,

During the time of the each extraction data that set by the upper managing computer structure, electric power total ascent time, electric weight storage keep, by from the upper managing computer structure via network and information communication mechanism, and set mechanism, the set mechanism of electric power total ascent time, the electric weight of downloading the time that sends to each extraction data are stored the set mechanism during keeping

To be stored in the fundamental voltage electric quantity data of etalon time and cumulative addition in the storing mechanism the fundamental voltage electric power consumption and with times voltage electric quantity data of etalon time and cumulative addition be stored in the storing mechanism times voltage electricity consumption, upload via network from information communication mechanism and to send to upper electrical management mechanism.

3. the electricity usage quantity measuring device of putting down in writing as claim 2 is characterized in that,

Having both has the connection of the line of electric force of powering shut-off mechanism,

And upper electrical management mechanism has both the control gear that this connection shut-off mechanism is arranged,

The connection of this control gear is cut off control and is based on from information communication mechanism and uploads the fundamental voltage electric quantity data that sends to upper electrical management mechanism, fundamental voltage electric power consumption, times voltage electric quantity data, times voltage electricity consumption via network,

Download the command signal that sends connection cut-out control via network and information communication mechanism from the upper managing computer structure;

Perhaps, this electricity usage quantity measuring device has both the control gear that the connection of the line of electric force of powering shut-off mechanism and this connection shut-off mechanism are arranged,

The connection of this control gear is cut off control program and is based on from information communication mechanism and uploads the fundamental voltage electric quantity data that sends to upper electrical management mechanism, fundamental voltage electric power consumption, times voltage electric quantity data, times voltage electricity consumption via network,

To connect via network from upper electrical management mechanism and to cut off control program and download the control gear that sends to the electricity usage quantity measuring device.

4. as any electricity usage quantity measuring device of being put down in writing of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that possessing: wireless communication mechanisms and wireless communication interface, and/or to being configured in the interface that electrical leakage breaking isolating switch on the feeder line is connected the mechanism of cut-out and is used to send this connection shutoff signal, and/or be used to receive the interface of the signal that near the sensor the position is set that is provided in the electricity usage quantity measuring device, and/or be configured in the on-off action mechanism that near the shutter door the position is set of electricity usage quantity measuring device and be used to send the interface of this connection shutoff signal, and/or the interface that is connected with the electrical and electronic product of interface with USB specification.

5. electric power management system, by upper electrical management mechanism be provided in the next electrical management mechanism in the caretaker room of collective residence and be provided in the electricity usage quantity measuring device that the claim 1 in each family of collective residence puts down in writing and constitute, upper electrical management mechanism is connected via Wide Area Network with the next electrical management mechanism, the next electrical management mechanism is connected via LAN in the collective residence with a plurality of electricity usage quantity measuring devices, it is characterized in that

The next electrical management mechanism has: the MA monitoring agency of the information transfer capability of Wide Area Network, LAN very the time action control gear, back-up storage mechanism very the time; The very power supply that is used for the very time action of LAN,

Detect when unusual at the MA monitoring agency of the information transfer capability of Wide Area Network, the very time action control gear of LAN is controlled and power supply is switched to very power supply, and back-up storage mechanism stores when being sent to very via LAN the canned data in the storing mechanism of electricity usage quantity measuring device.

6. electric power management system, by upper electrical management mechanism be provided in the electricity usage quantity measuring device that the claim 1 in each family of collective residence puts down in writing and constitute, upper electrical management mechanism is connected via network with a plurality of electricity usage quantity measuring devices, it is characterized in that

Possess be connected with upper electrical management mechanism via network, have both the mechanism of checking limiting mechanism when checking the information that is stored in this upper electrical management mechanism.

7. electric power management system, by upper electrical management mechanism be provided in the electricity usage quantity measuring device that the claim 2 in each family of collective residence puts down in writing and constitute, upper electrical management mechanism is connected via network with a plurality of electricity usage quantity measuring devices, upper electrical management mechanism distributes dynamic IP addressings to a plurality of electricity usage quantity measuring devices, have both function as the dynamic IP addressing management server that carries out the network connection, it is characterized in that

Upper electrical management mechanism has: the storing mechanism of having registered a plurality of IP address candidates; The distributor gear of dynamic IP addressing; Dynamic IP addressing management organization,

This dynamic IP addressing management organization is at electric power that each is set in the total ascent time, selectivity adopts and is connected to the dynamic IP addressing that the electricity usage quantity measuring device is used from a plurality of IP address candidate of registration, thereby the electricity usage quantity measuring device is connected to network.

8. electric power management system; By upper electrical management mechanism be provided in a plurality of the next electrical management mechanism in each caretaker rooms of a plurality of collective residences and be provided in the electricity usage quantity measuring device that the claim 1 in each family of collective residence puts down in writing and consist of; Upper electrical management mechanism is connected via Wide Area Network with a plurality of the next electrical management mechanism; Upper electrical management mechanism is to a plurality of the next electrical management mechanism monthly dynamics IP address; Have both the function as the dynamic IP addressing management server that carries out the Wide Area Network connection; It is characterized in that

The electricity usage quantity measuring device that claim 1 is put down in writing has both information communication mechanism, and the next electrical management mechanism in this information communication mechanism and each caretaker room that is provided in collective residence is connected via LAN in the collective residence,

During the time of the each extraction data that set by the upper managing computer structure, electric power total ascent time, electric weight storage keep, downloaded via Wide Area Network from the upper managing computer structure and sent to the next electrical management mechanism, and via the LAN in the collective residence, set mechanism during set mechanism, the set mechanism of electric power total ascent time, the electric weight storage of time that download sends to each extraction data of the electricity usage quantity measuring device in each family that is provided in collective residence keeps

Electricity usage quantity measuring device in each family of collective residence will be provided in, be stored in fundamental voltage electric power consumption in the storing mechanism with the fundamental voltage electric quantity data of etalon time and cumulative addition, be stored in times voltage electricity consumption in the storing mechanism with times voltage electric quantity data with etalon time and cumulative addition, upload via LAN in the collective residence from information communication mechanism and to send to the next electrical management mechanism, and upload via Wide Area Network and to send to upper electrical management mechanism

Upper electrical management mechanism has: the storing mechanism of having registered a plurality of IP address candidates; The distributor gear of dynamic IP addressing; Dynamic IP addressing management organization,

This dynamic IP addressing management organization sends and downloads when sending above-mentioned uploading, and selectivity adopts and is connected to the dynamic IP addressing that the next electrical management mechanism uses from a plurality of IP address candidate of registration, thereby the next electrical management mechanism is connected to Wide Area Network.

9. the electric power management system of putting down in writing as claim 8 is characterized in that,

LAN in the collective residence is the adjacent data communication network, this adjacent data communication network is for the adjacent electricity usage quantity measuring device of the electricity usage quantity measuring device in each family that is provided in collective residence, come transmitting and receiving data in wired or wireless mode

The storage data of an electricity usage quantity measuring device are sent in other adjacent electricity usage quantity measuring devices successively, and the accumulation storage,

Whole storage data of accumulation storage collective residence, and send it to the next electrical management mechanism.

10. as any electric power management system of being put down in writing in the claim 5～9, it is characterized in that,

The electricity usage quantity measuring device is controlled instrumentation mechanism, storing mechanism, set mechanism, information communication mechanism,

When having CPU (central processing unit) and CPU private memory, the electricity usage quantity measuring device has operating system and rewrites mechanism, and this operating system rewrites mechanism rewrites above-mentioned CPU private memory with the data that sent via network by upper electrical management mechanism CPU operating system program.

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