CN1976777A - Fastening member for press-fit joining and press-fit joining structure of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A fastening member for press-fit joining and a press-fit joining structure of the fastening member that are used to join element plates, structural members, brackets, etc. forming a vehicle, machine, etc., that provide easy and good joining to achieve excellent joining strength, and that are economically superior. A fastening member has a projection (6) projecting, together with a screw section (4), from a base section (3) and formed in a diameter larger than that of the screw section (4). The projection (6) is solid-state welded to a hole section (10), provided in a plate member (8), by press-fit that involves electric resistance heat. The projection (6) has a cross-sectional shape homothetic to the hole section (10) and has a predetermined press-fit interference (d).

Description

Be pressed in conjunction with connecting elements and be pressed into integrated structure

Technical field

The present invention relates to be used to constitute being pressed into connecting elements such as the nut in conjunction with usefulness, the nut that has flange, bolt and being pressed into integrated structure of combination of the element panel, structural elements, carriage etc. of vehicle, machinery etc.

Background technology

Past is attached to other member on the nut of using on the sheet material of steel or has under the situation of nut of flange in welding, adopts so-called projection welding welding or arc welding welding.As shown in figure 26, this projection welding welding, in the back side of nut 100 one a plurality of juts 102 are set, on the other hand, on the sheet material 104 of steel, hole portion 106 is set, the jut 102 of nut 100 is pressed on the above-mentioned sheet material 104, the between energising, with above-mentioned jut 102 and sheet material 104 fusions, nut 100 is welded on the surface of material 104.In patent documentation 1,2, relevant for the record of projection welding welding.In addition, in patent documentation 3 relevant for the record that is pressed into combination.

In addition, other member is attached under the situation of the bolt of using on the panel of steel, adopts so-called projection welding welding or arc-welding process in welding.In the welding that utilizes this projection welding welding, the weld bolt that for example has patent documentation 4 to disclose, as shown in figure 27, this welding, near the circumference of bearing-surface of the head 111 of the bolt 110 of welding usefulness, deposited protuberance 112 is set, simultaneously, concentric ladder difference portion 114 is set on the circumference of bearing-surface.And, the axial region 113 of above-mentioned bolt 110 inserted in the bolt hole 117 that connects on the panel 116 that is arranged on automobile carry out centralized positioning, pass to welding current between the above-mentioned deposited protuberance 112 that contact with panel 116, bolt 110 is welded.

In addition, in patent documentation 5, put down in writing at bolt head and the weld bolt of a plurality of welding with projection has been set at circumference, this bolt, on the bearing-surface of bolt head, form around the projection of the ring-type of screw rod, by the projection of this ring-type, between metallic plate and bolt head, make spaced walls, form hermetically-sealed construction.

Patent documentation 1: the spy opens clear 55-40052 number

Patent documentation 2: real opening flat 6-86876 number

Patent documentation 3: the spy opens 2001-353628 number

Patent documentation 4: real opening flat 5-47521 number

Patent documentation 5: the spy opens flat 5-318135 number

But, shown in Figure 26 (b), above-mentioned projection welding welding, fusion weld on the position of jut 102 and sheet material 104, still, in this case, exist that fusion is inhomogeneous, weld strength is uncertain, and then, the problems such as phenomenon of nut lodging when welding, can be caused.In addition, the surface of above-mentioned sheet material is because oxidation overlay film 108 etc. can not carry out the projection welding welding sometimes well.Particularly, under the situation of high-tensile steel, contain multiple alloying elements such as Si, Ti, Nb mostly, therefore, the oxidation overlay film 108 that mostly occurs greatly from the teeth outwards, this oxidation overlay film becomes insulaion resistance, electric current is not easy to flow through, welding becomes very difficult, simultaneously, and when welding, puddle flashing, the sputter thing that disperses are very many, the oxide that is rolled into weld part becomes the reason of failure welding, perhaps, also becomes the reason that operating environment worsens.

In addition, under the situation of projection welding welding, as Figure 26 (b) (c) shown in owing to be the form that the jut 102 of nut 100 is pressed to fusion on the sheet material 104, so, at sheet material 104 not under the situation of melting deformation, be difficult to produce newborn face, therefore, the oxidation overlay film 108 of sheet material 104 sides can former state left behind sometimes, at this moment, exist the problem of the intensity that can not obtain enough joint portions.In addition, high-tensile steel, because steel plate hardness height, deformation drag are big, so, existing and be difficult to distortion, the jut 102 of above-mentioned nut does not merge with the steel plate that constitutes sheet material 104, can not carry out the problem of good joint.

In addition, above-mentioned projection welding shown in Figure 27 welding, deposited protuberance 112 fusion weld are to panel 16, solder joints intensity in this case is low, and then, owing to engage the engagement state that precision depends on composition surface and each protuberance, so, exist the problem that is difficult to improve precision.In addition, when the joint of projection welding welding, the puddle at junction surface produces spark splash (sputter), this sputter thing becomes the bad reason of screw attached on the helical axis, and oxide is involved in weld part, intensity reduces, and becomes the reason of failure welding, perhaps becomes the reason that operating environment worsens.In addition, because above-mentioned deposited protuberance 112 and ladder differ from 114 each other the deviations, welding precision etc. of dimensional accuracy, when welding, there is energising to distribute and fixes, weld the unsettled danger that becomes, in addition, ladder 114 is not stopped up bolt hole 117 fully, and exigent precision is not easy to guarantee air-tightness completely.In the welding that above-mentioned circular protrusion is set, the weld job difficulty, in addition, the sealing of circular protrusion depends on the precision of the welding precision of bolt, panel and bolt bearing face, is guaranteeing existing problems aspect the stable sealing.

And then, when projection welding is welded, shown in Figure 27 (b), when on the surface of panel 116, forming oxidation overlay film 118, the obstacle that causes the projection welding welding, shown in Figure 27 (c), when satisfying deposited protuberance 112 pushings with bolt 110 and being welded on the panel 116, when the plate of panel 116 not during melting deformation, be difficult to produce newborn face, therefore, the oxidation overlay film 118 of panel 116 sides intactly left behind, and exists the problem of the intensity that can not obtain enough junction surfaces.Particularly, be that welding becomes very difficult under the situation of steel plate of high-tension at panel, simultaneously, the sputter thing that produces during welding is very many, brings danger to the operator, worsens environment.

The present invention its objective is in order to address the above problem, provide easily a kind of and engage well, being pressed into the connecting elements that engages usefulness and being pressed into connected structure of bond strength excellence, economy excellence.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve above-mentioned technical task, shown in Fig. 1,13,20 etc., the joint that is pressed into according to the present invention has protuberance with connecting elements, this protuberance forms the major diameter bigger than this threaded portion from base portion highlightedly with the threaded portion, by being accompanied by being pressed into of resistance heat, solid phase joins in the hole portion that is arranged on the sheet material, and, this protuberance forms the cross section with this hole portion similar shapes, and the surplus that is pressed into of regulation is set.Here, connecting elements comprises nut, bolt etc., and in addition, above-mentioned protuberance under the situation of bolt, is equivalent to be formed on the wide diameter portion between head and the axial region.

In addition, according to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention, as Figure 11,17, shown in 24, be a kind of sheet material of the hole portion that on the position of regulation, is provided with, with have the connected structure that joins the above-mentioned connecting elements in this hole portion to above-mentioned protuberance, described structure is, keep above-mentioned sheet material with an electrode, on the other hand, keep above-mentioned connecting elements with another electrode, between these two members, switch on, make it the heat that on both junctions, has a resistance, simultaneously, by being pressed into, one side forms joint interface and simultaneously engages between above-mentioned two members, and makes the joint of this joint for solid state shape.

As shown in Figure 1, according to the nut that engages usefulness that is pressed into of the present invention, comprising: base portion; Connect the screwed hole of the central part of this base portion; And protuberance, described protuberance from this screwed hole around be tubular form highlightedly, by being accompanied by being pressed into of resistance heat, engage with the hole portion solid phase on being arranged on sheet material, and form and the cross section of this hole portion similar shape, and the surplus that is pressed into of regulation is set.

According to according to the present invention be pressed into to engage use nut, the burr accommodation section that constitutes with the state formation of surrounding above-mentioned protuberance, by the ring-type slot part is set in the portion of the back side of above-mentioned base portion.

According to the nut that engages usefulness that is pressed into of the present invention, as shown in figure 13, comprising: the base portion that screwed hole is set at central part; Back of the body facing side at this base portion is integrally formed, is provided with in the central the flange part of the hole portion be connected with above-mentioned screwed hole with base portion; And, become around the hole portion of this flange part tubular to form highlightedly, be pressed into solid phase and join in the hole portion that is arranged on the sheet material, and form and the cross section of this hole portion similar shape by being accompanied by resistance heat, the protuberance that is pressed into surplus of regulation is set.

The joint that is pressed into according to the present invention is used nut, in the portion of the back side of above-mentioned flange part, the burr accommodation section of the groove shape that surrounds above-mentioned protuberance is set.

In addition, according to the nut that engages usefulness that is pressed into of the present invention, the thickness of slab that makes the outboard end of above-mentioned flange part is about 1.0mm, and, will form the concave spherical surface shape at the whole bearing-surface of the back side of flange part portion.

In addition, according to according to the present invention be pressed into to engage use nut, shown in Fig. 1,13, with above-mentioned protuberance tin wall thickness (s) be formed on more than the 1.0mm, and, make in the scope of size (h) about 0.5mm to 2.0mm of the projecting height of this protuberance.

According to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention, as Figure 11, shown in 17, be a kind of the sheet material that on the position of regulation hole portion is set with have the above-mentioned any nut connected structure mutually that is pressed into joint usefulness that joins the protuberance in the portion of above-mentioned hole to, described structure is, utilize an electrode to keep above-mentioned sheet material, on the other hand, keep the above-mentioned nut that engages usefulness that is pressed into another electrode, energising makes the heat that has a resistance in both junctions between these two members, simultaneously, simultaneously engage by being pressed into one side formation joint interface between above-mentioned two members, and make this joint become the joint of solid state shape.

In addition, according to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention,, utilize the steel ring-type of high-tension to implement the surface-treated steel for above-mentioned sheet material.And then according to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention, shown in Fig. 1,13, the size (h) that makes the projecting height of above-mentioned protuberance is identical with the thickness of slab (t) of above-mentioned sheet material or less than this thickness of slab (t).

According to the joint bolt that is pressed into of the present invention, as shown in figure 20, in bolt with head and axial region that thread groove is set, between above-mentioned head and axial region, form the diameter wide diameter portion thicker than axial region, the surplus that is pressed into of regulation is set between the hole portion and this wide diameter portion that are provided with on the panel, between is switched on, by by being accompanied by being pressed into of resistance heat, above-mentioned wide diameter portion solid phase is joined in the portion of above-mentioned hole.

In addition, according to the bolt that engages usefulness that is pressed into of the present invention, with the diameter of above-mentioned wide diameter portion form more than the big 1mm of diameter than above-mentioned axial region, and the size of height that makes above-mentioned wide diameter portion is in the scope of 1mm to 5mm.

In addition, according to the bolt that engages usefulness that is pressed into of the present invention, in the portion of the back side of above-mentioned head, the burr accommodation section of the groove shape that surrounds above-mentioned wide diameter portion is set.

In addition, the joint that is pressed into according to the present invention is used bolt, utilizes high tensile steel as structural material.

According to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention, as shown in figure 24, it is the structure that a kind of panel that hole portion will be set on the position of regulation engages with the above-mentioned bolt that is pressed into joint usefulness with the above-mentioned wide diameter portion that joins in this hole portion, in this structure, keep above-mentioned panel with an electrode, on the other hand, utilize another electrode to keep the above-mentioned bolt that engages usefulness that is pressed into, simultaneously, by being pressed into, one side forms joint interface between above-mentioned two members, one side engages, and makes the joint of this joint for solid state shape.

In addition, according to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention, as shown in figure 20, the height dimension of above-mentioned wide diameter portion (h) forms to such an extent that the thickness of slab (t) of above-mentioned panel is identical or less than thickness of slab (t).

In addition, according to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention,, use high tensile steel or carried out the surface-treated steel for above-mentioned panel.

According to the connecting elements that engages usefulness that is pressed into of the present invention, owing to have protuberance, this protuberance forms with the threaded portion and with the diameter greater than this threaded portion highlightedly from base portion, is arranged in the hole portion on the sheet material by being accompanied by being pressed into of resistance heat, carrying out solid phase engages, so only the simple procedures that need be pressed into and switch on just can promptly engage, have easy to manufacture, economy is excellent, and joint interface cleans, and engages the effect of excellent strength well.And then, owing to engage, almost can't see the sputter thing by this solid phase that causes that is pressed into, so, can keep the good working environment, have the effect of excellent operation.

According to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention, the sheet material that hole portion will be set on assigned position with join in the connected structure of the above-mentioned connecting elements in this hole portion, between these two members, switch on, make the heat that on both junctions, has a resistance, and, make this joint become the joint of solid state shape, so, have only can obtain by the simple procedures that is pressed into and switches on just can promptly engage, easy to manufacture and economy is excellent and joint interface cleans, engage the effect of the connected structure of excellent strength well.And then, be that solid phase engages because this is pressed into joint, can see the sputter thing that when projection welding is welded, takes place hardly, so, have the effect that keeps good working environment, operation excellence.

According to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention, owing to have base portion, connect the screwed hole of the central part of this base portion, and be tubular from this screwed hole form highlightedly, by being pressed into the protuberance that the hole portion solid phase that is arranged on the sheet material engages, so, only just can promptly engage by the simple operation that is pressed into and switch on, have easy to manufacture, economy is excellent and joint interface cleans, engage well, the effect of excellent strength.And then, because this solid phase joint that causes that is pressed into almost be can't see the sputter thing, so, the effect that keeps good working environment, operation excellence had.

In addition, according to the nut that engages usefulness that is pressed into of the present invention, because the burr accommodation section is set, so, be received in this burr accommodation section by the burr that is pressed into the scraping generation, thereby the back side of nut closely is adjacent on the surface of sheet material, has the effect of the parts that can obtain the good connected structure of quality.

According to the nut that engages usefulness that is pressed into of the present invention, owing to have the flange of the back of the body facing side that is formed on base portion, and be the protuberance that tubular forms highlightedly, engages with hole portion solid phase on being arranged on sheet material from this flange, so, the simple operation that only need be pressed into and switch on just can promptly engage, have easy to manufacture, economy is excellent, joint interface cleans, engage the effect of excellent strength well.In addition, because having the bearing-surface of the nut of flange closely is adjacent on the sheet material, so, have and to guarantee to bring into play high load capacity and wide bearing-surface, reliably rock, bending etc. strengthened, screw thread is lax in the time of can preventing to use for a long time, prevents to be applied to the effect of nipping on the surface that the small move left and right on the junction surface causes.

In addition, according to the joint nut that is pressed into of the present invention, because the burr accommodation section of the groove shape that surrounds protuberance is set in the back side of flange part portion, so, because being pressed into the burr of scraping generation is accommodated in the burr accommodation section, the back side that has the nut of flange is adjacent on the surface of sheet material more reliably, has the effect that acquisition has the parts of the good connected structure of quality.

According to the nut that is pressed into usefulness of the present invention, be about 1.0mm owing to make the thickness of slab of the outboard end of flange part, and whole bearing-surface is formed the concave spherical surface shape, so, have following effect, that is, and the heat of sending during by welding, can make flange surface be adapted to the shape of sheet material, even on sheet material, have bending slightly, also can exert pressure more equably, in addition, the plus-pressure that is applied on the peripheral part is very strong, can prevent to relax.

In addition according to the nut that engages usefulness that is pressed into of the present invention, because the wall thickness of the tube of protuberance is formed more than the 1.0mm, and the size of the projecting height of this protuberance is in the scope of 0.5mm to 2.0mm, so, obtain the effect of excellent strength.

According to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention, owing to switch between engaging with nut with above-mentioned being pressed at the sheet material that hole portion is set, make the heat that on both junctions, has a resistance, simultaneously, by being pressed between two members, joint interface is formed the joint of solid state shape, so, has following effect, that is, only utilize the simple procedures that is pressed into and switches on just can promptly engage, and the free degree of engaging condition is high, can obtain easy to manufacture, the economy excellence, and joint interface cleans, can engage the connected structure of excellent strength well.And then, because this joint that is pressed into is that solid phase engages, so, have the sputter thing that takes place when almost can't see the projection welding welding, keep operating environment well, the effect of operation excellence.

In addition, according to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention, even sheet material adopts the steel of high-tension, perhaps adopt the structure of carrying out the surface-treated steel, the also not influence of oxidated overlay film, carry out good joint, combine with the intensity of high tensile steel, obtain the connected structure of excellent strength, in addition, even carried out the surface-treated steel, because finish materials is not sneaked into the junction surface, so, unlike the projection welding welding of prior art, be subjected to the surface-treated influence, can guarantee excellent intensity.

In addition, according to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention, owing to make the thickness of slab of size and sheet material of projecting height of protuberance identical or less than this thickness of slab, so, can form good joint interface, obtain excellent bond strength, in addition, protuberance is outstanding from sheet material, can not cause inappropriate part for the assembling of other parts.

According to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention, owing between head and axial region, form the wide diameter portion thicker than this axial region diameter, be arranged on the surplus that is pressed into that regulation is set between hole portion on the panel and this wide diameter portion, switch on, be accompanied by being pressed into of resistance heat by between, the formation solid phase engages, so, have following effect, promptly, only by the simple procedures that is pressed into and switches on, promptly engage, easy to manufacture, the economy excellence, in addition, joint interface cleans, and engages excellent strength well.In addition, engage, hardly the sputter thing can take place by this solid phase of carrying out that is pressed into, so, the good working of maintenance environment had, the effect of operation excellence.

In addition, according to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention since with the diameter of bore portion form more than the big 1mm of diameter than axial region, and the size of height that makes wide diameter portion is in the scope of 1mm to 5mm, so, obtain the effect of excellent strength.

In addition, according to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention, because in the portion of the back side of head, the burr accommodation section of the groove shape that surrounds wide diameter portion is set, so, be received in this burr accommodation section, by this by being pressed into the burr that is produced by scraping, the back side of bolt is adjacent on the surface of panel, has the effect of the parts that obtain the good connected structure of quality.

In addition, according to the bolt that engages usefulness that is pressed into of the present invention, even the steel that utilize high-tension are as structural material, also can carry out same firm engaging with the mild steel material, in addition, because not fusion of junction surface, so, hydrogen can not invaded in the bolt of high tension steel, has to eliminate the trouble that is caused by the hydrogen in the steel of delayed fracture, stress rupture, hydrogen brittleness etc., can use the effect of high-tension material securely.

According to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention, be a kind of the panel that on the position of regulation hole portion is set with join this hole portion on the above-mentioned connected structure that is pressed between the bolt that engages usefulness, owing to be that the formation joint interface simultaneously engages one side between two members by being pressed into, and will engage and form the structure that solid phase engages, so, has following effect, promptly, only with simply being pressed into and the operation of switching on just can promptly engage, obtain easy to manufacture, the economy excellence, in addition, joint interface cleans well and engages, the connected structure of excellent strength.In addition, engage, can not weld as projection welding by this solid phase that is pressed into generation, the fusion that sharply raises of the temperature of the material at junction surface is dispersed in the mode of outburst, therefore, have the sputter thing takes place hardly, can keep the good working environment, the effect of operation excellence.

In addition, according to the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention, owing to form the height dimension of wide diameter portion identical or less than this thickness of slab with the thickness of slab of panel, so, form good composition surface, obtain excellent bond strength, in addition, wide diameter portion is outstanding from panel, for the assembling of other parts, can not cause incorrect part.

In addition, the connected structure that is pressed into of the present invention is even make the structure of utilizing high tensile steel or carrying out the surface-treated steel for panel, also can not be subjected to the influence of oxidation overlay film, carry out good joint, combine, obtain the connected structure of excellent strength with the intensity of high-tensile steel, in addition, even carried out the surface-treated steel, finish materials can not invaded the junction surface yet, so, can as prior art, not be subjected to the surface-treated influence, can guarantee excellent intensity.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is expression according to the nut of first kind of form of implementation of the present invention: (a) side view, (b) cutaway view, (c) side view of sheet material.

Fig. 2 is expression according to the other nut of form of implementation: (a) the outburst cutaway view of side, (b) plane.

Fig. 3 is burr accommodation section each form (a) (b) the diagram of expression according to form of implementation.

Pressure regulation 4 be the expression according to form of implementation of the present invention (a0 is pressed into the key diagram of state, (b) ground plan of nut.

Fig. 5 is the diagram of expression according to the measurement result of the test A of intra-company of form of implementation.

Fig. 6 is the diagram of expression according to the measurement result of the test B of intra-company of form of implementation.

Fig. 7 is the diagram of expression according to the measurement result of the test of other company of form of implementation.

Fig. 8 is the curve of expression according to the mensuration of the peel strength of intra-company's test, and as sheet material, (a) expression utilizes the situation of SPCC steel plate, and (b) expression utilizes the situation of 780MPa steel plate, and (c) expression utilizes the situation of 980MPa steel plate.

Fig. 9 is the table that the result with the peel strength of intra-company test gathers.

Figure 10 is that expression is according to in-company test, at the curve that utilizes electroplating steel plate as the measurement result of the peel strength under the situation of sheet material.

Figure 11 is the diagram of explanation according to the purposes that is pressed into connected structure of form of implementation.

Figure 12 be expression according to other form of implementation: (a) be pressed into the key diagram of state, (b) ground plan of nut.

Figure 13 be expression according to second kind of form of implementation of the present invention: (a) side view, (b) cutaway view, (c) side view of sheet material.

Figure 14 is according to the nut that has flange of other form of implementation: (a) the outburst cutaway view of side, (b) plane.

Figure 15 is various forms (a) (b) the diagram of expression according to the burr accommodation section of form of implementation.

Figure 16 is a key diagram of representing the state that is pressed into according to (a) of form of implementation, (b) ground plan of nut.

Figure 17 is the diagram that be pressed into the purposes that engage of explanation according to form of implementation.

Figure 18 is the cutaway view according to the nut of the flange part with other form of form of implementation.

Figure 19 is that expression is according to other form of implementation; (a) be pressed into the key diagram of state, (b) ground plan of nut.

Figure 20 is expression according to the bolt of the third form of implementation of the present invention: (a) cutaway view, (b) side view of panel.

Figure 21 is according to the other bolt of form of implementation; (a) cutaway view of side, (b) plane.

Figure 22 is various forms (a) (b) the diagram of expression according to the burr of form of implementation.

Figure 23 be expression according to form of implementation of the present invention: (a) be pressed into the key diagram of state, (b) ground plan of bolt.

Figure 24 is the diagram of explanation according to the purposes that is pressed into connected structure of form of implementation.

Figure 25 be expression according to other form of implementation: (a) be pressed into the key diagram of state, (b) ground plan of bolt.

Figure 26 is an expression prior art example: (a) key diagram of projection welding welding, (b) the part enlarged drawing before the welding, (c) the part enlarged drawing after the welding.

Figure 27 be expression according to the prior art example: (a) key diagram of the weld bolt of automobile, (b) partial graph before the welding, (b) partial graph after the welding.

The specific embodiment

Below, form of implementation of the present invention is described.

At first, according to first kind of form of implementation,, illustrate that conduct is pressed into the nut of the connecting elements that engages usefulness and is pressed into connected structure based on accompanying drawing.Fig. 1 is the diagram of the above-mentioned nut 2 of expression.This nut 2 comprises: profile is hexagonal base portion 3, connects the screwed hole 4 of central part, and is the outstanding protuberance 6 (recess portion) that forms of tubular downwards from the periphery of the screwed hole of above-mentioned base portion 3.This protuberance 6 is the shape of the rounded cylindrical (circular) of the wall thickness (s) with regulation, and portion forms the screwed hole 4 that is connected with above-mentioned screwed hole 4 within it.Above-mentioned protuberance 6 is with the back side portion 5 outstanding formation of mode of the height dimension (h) of outstanding regulation downwards from base portion 3.

Fig. 2 represents the nut 12 that engages usefulness that is pressed into of another form.For this nut 12, also around the screwed hole 4 of base portion 3, form protuberance 6 downwards, and then, in the back side of base portion 3 one 5, form the burr accommodation section 9 that the groove by ring-type constitutes with the state that surrounds above-mentioned protuberance 6.In addition, when this nut 12 moulding, carry out pressure processing pushing (recess 13) by central portion with the upper surface of base portion 3, below this protuberance 6 of extrusion molding.

Above-mentioned burr accommodation section 9 as shown in Figure 3, has various forms, and for example, the burr accommodation section 9 shown in this figure (a) is along near the form that slot part is set the protuberance 6.Burr accommodation section 9 shown in this figure (b) is the upper end below formation laterally cone-shapeds near the slot part the protuberance 6, and this is a kind of form that forms recessed space on whole of the back side of nut 2 one.

For the shape of nut, can use the hex nut of form of ownership, in addition, also can use tetragonal nut.In addition, also can use the polygonal nut, perhaps use the welded nut that forms the circle of recess in a plurality of encirclements tubular, around, the polygonal nut of JIS regulation, weld part is discoid T shape welded nut, waits various forms of nuts.By in the back side of these nuts portion 5, forming protuberance 6, obtain to be pressed into the nut that engages usefulness.In addition, the polygonal nut, when the screw thread (screwed hole) of cutting nut, fixing easily.

In addition, the external diameter of above-mentioned protuberance 6, identical with the width dimensions of two parallel faces of nut under horned nut (four jiaos, hexagonal etc.) situation, perhaps less than this width dimensions.If the size of base portion 3 is in this scope, in energising, when being pressed into, configured electrodes can reduce resistance well.The nut of general spring welding usefulness, owing to projection is set at weld part, so, be necessary the back side of nut is enlarged, therefore, add the shape of big nut.But, according to the nut 2 of this form of implementation, on principle, the base portion 3 of nut can be narrowed down to the big or small identical degree (with the cross section of axle quadrature) with protuberance 6, miniaturization and lightweight are made contributions.In addition, nut 2,12 etc. is a steel.

Above-mentioned sheet material 18, particularly, the high-tensile steel that uses the structure member as the chassis of automobile etc. to adopt.As this high-tensile steel, comprise the steel plate of alloying elements such as containing C, Si, Ti, Nb or, have 80kgf/mm its heat treated two sides (DP) steel plate ²Above tensile strength.In resistance welded, tensile strength is at 80kgf/mm ²More than, the influence of oxidation overlay film takes place, performance is according to the power that is pressed into joint of this form of implementation.

On this sheet material 8, on the position of regulation, penetrate the circular hole portion 10 that is provided with.This hole portion 10 is vertical with the face of sheet material 8, and is straight hole.The junction surface with above-mentioned nut 2 on this sheet material 8 is smooth, still, even crooked slightly near the hole of sheet material 8 one 10, so long as crooked degree is less, can not throw into question for engaging.

On the protuberance 6 of above-mentioned nut 2, shown in Fig. 1 waits, form chamfered section 7, the height dimension of this chamfered section is about 0.3mm.This chamfered section 7 be shaped to form for metal pattern, and in addition, the guide when being pressed into also is effective.In addition, when being pressed into,,, being pressed into the original shape in back and almost disappearing so above-mentioned chamfered section 7 is etched owing to have the surplus that is pressed into of regulation.For the height dimension (h) of the protuberance 6 of above-mentioned nut 2, be the notion that comprises above-mentioned chamfered section 7.The wall thickness of protuberance 6 (s), be above-mentioned screwed hole 4 thread groove at the bottom of the screw thread and the size between the outer diameter part of protuberance 6.

In addition, for the relation of the height dimension (h) of the protuberance 6 of the above-mentioned nut 2 of thickness of slab (t) paddy of above-mentioned sheet material 8, make thickness of slab (t) and height dimension (h) roughly the same or make it big (t＞h, t=h).Otherwise when the height dimension of the protuberance 6 of nut was big, after the joint, protuberance 6 was outstanding from sheet material 8, when assembling other parts with bolted, brings inconvenience sometimes.

About the material of above-mentioned nut 2 and sheet material 8, particularly, under the nut 2 with steel is connected to situation on the sheet material 8 that high-tensile steel makes, the influence of oxidation overlay film is little, compare with the nut welding that general projection welding is welded, because failure welding can not take place, so be preferred.Self-evident, as the material of sheet material 8 and nut 2, can use general steel plate, automobile with high-tensile steel, other metal material, SUS (stainless steel), material, carbon steels for machine structural purposes, frame for movement with SUS and carbon steel combination with steel alloy, heat resisting steel, tool steel, spring steel, cast iron, easily machining steel, bearing steel, general processing be with light metals such as steel, steels for pressure vessel use material, titanium, aluminium etc.In addition, also can use the carrying out that be used for automobile the zinc-plated surface-treated high-tensile steel that waits.

Here, describe for the joint that is pressed into of above-mentioned nut 2 to above-mentioned sheet material 8.This is pressed into joint, as shown in Figure 4, utilizes the anchor clamps with chromium counterdie 14 made of copper and patrix 16, and the protuberance 6 of above-mentioned nut 2 is joined on the sheet material 8 as mother metal.On the patrix 16 of these anchor clamps, at central portion, be provided with and be adjacent to the hole portion 18 that keeps above-mentioned nut 2, in addition, counterdie 14, patrix 16 have the function as electrode respectively.The hole portion 18 of above-mentioned patrix 16 is adjacent to the upper surface part and the side surface part of nut 2, so that reduce resistance.In addition, contact with each other in order to prevent electrode, the lower end part of hole portion 18 is in the back side portion 5 of leaving nut, slightly by on the last position.In addition, even above-mentioned patrix 16 does not have hole portion 18 can use yet.

As shown in Figure 4, between the hole portion 10 of protuberance 6 and sheet material 8, what form regulation is pressed into surplus (d).This is pressed into surplus (d) is size for diameter, is for radius (d/2).As the condition that is pressed into joint, make that impressed current is 22kA, the pressure of pressurization is in the scope of 400kgf to 450kgf.The pressure that makes this pressurization is the low pressure of stress (tension force is the resistance that nut prevents to charge into sheet material) that likens to the sheet material of mother metal.Thereby, surpass because the moment of softening the stress that reduces of sheet material is pressed into beginning from the pressure of this pressurization.

Be pressed in the technology at this, above-mentioned sheet material 8 is positioned on the upper surface of above-mentioned counterdie 14, on the other hand, nut 2 and patrix 16 in the hole portion 18 that remains on patrix 16 are descended together.Then, load pushing patrix 16, simultaneously, between nut 2 and sheet material 8, switch on via counterdie 14 and patrix 16 with certain moulding pressure.Like this, and have a resistance heat time, being pressed into of beginning nut protuberance 6, this protuberance 6 descends mobile the hole of sheet material 8 one 10 in, on the position intermediate of the hole portion of the leading section arrival sheet material 8 of protuberance 6.By this manufacturing process, obtain the parts that are pressed into connected structure that nut 2 and sheet material 8 constitute.This connected structure, the whole peripheries that join to for the whole periphery of the protuberance 6 of nut 2 in the hole 10 of sheet material 8 engage.

And then, can adopt above-mentioned be pressed into operation before, add in advance joint method with the preheating procedure (preheating mode) of nut 2 and sheet material 8 heating.This preheating procedure before above-mentioned being pressed into of beginning, is compared during with above-mentioned being pressed into, and forces down electrical current (preheat curent about 1/2 when being pressed into), and two member state of contact are switched on.In this about operation, with above-mentioned to be pressed into operation the same, patrix 16 is descended, pass to preheat curent simultaneously.Here, owing to its objective is nut 2, sheet material 8 preheatings that make as engagement member, so the junction surface that makes the temperature of two members rise to two members is softening state.After this preheating procedure, increase electrical current immediately, transfer to the above-mentioned operation that is pressed into.

Be pressed in the operation above-mentioned, in the heat that has a resistance, begin being pressed into of nut 2, protuberance 6 descends in the hole of sheet material 8 one 10 and moves.In this case, on the joint interface of two members, produce the effect of attenuate pull and stretch, by being pressed into joint by attenuate pull and stretch manufacturing process.Then, be pressed into joint with certain moulding pressure, certain decrease speed, the heating of instantaneous time junction surface, at short notice, the back side portion 5 of nut 2 finishes to the joint of the surface element of sheet material 8.Then, the protuberance 6 of nut 2 and the hole portion of sheet material engage under the state of the joint interface of between formation Solid-phase welding.

In Solid-phase welding, on its composition surface, obtain clean Surface tissue, about the quality of joint.According to the joint that is pressed into of this form of implementation, on above-mentioned joint interface, between each wall of the protuberance by nut 2 and the hole portion 10 of sheet material 8 to the mobile pull and stretch that is thinned of glide direction, by this, the surface impurity layer by scraping, cleaning surfacesization, the junction surface becomes the tissue of cleaning.

Then, along with the progress that is pressed into, the bonding area on composition surface increases, and on the contrary, the area of section difference reduces, so current density descends, the result is that the resistance heat that is produced reduces, and engages facial temperature and descends.Engage the engagement state cause by above-mentioned being pressed into, be accompanied by by being pressed into the plastic deformation (thermoplasticity) that causes and reach Solid-phase welding.Then, be pressed into finish after, the hardness of the mother metal by the cooling junction surface is recovered, and engages securely.Here, be pressed in the joint, following the process of pressurization → switch on → be pressed into → cool off above-mentioned.In addition, the burr that above-mentioned scraping produces is received in the above-mentioned burr accommodation section 9, and by this, the back side portion 5 of nut 2 is adjacent on the surface of sheet material 8, obtains the parts of the good connected structure of quality.

Fig. 5, Fig. 6 be illustrated in the company the above-mentioned result of the test that is pressed into joint.Here, as the sheet material 8 that uses, adopt high-tensile steel (tensile strength 80kgf/mm ²).Use thickness of slab (t) 2.8mm of this sheet material 8 and the steel plate of 1.8mm.In addition, be pressed into surplus (d), for diameter, be 0.3mm.

Test A in the company shown in Figure 5 changes the size (h) of projecting height of the protuberance 6 of nut 2, measures the shrinkage degree of the internal diameter of protuberance.Here, nut 2 adopts the nut of the size of M8 specification, and protuberance 6 amplitude external diameters are 11mm, and therefore, wall thickness (s) is (11-8)/2=1.5mm.(1) of this figure is the result of variation of the internal diameter of the protuberance 6 after measure engaging.Utilize plug thread gauge (JIS standard) to judge, the screw-in plus-minus of the nut before confirming to charge into, the nut of check bolt limit gauge after being pressed into be screwed into well whether.

In measurement result, (zero) expression is no problem, and feeler gauge can be screwed into, and does not produce the contraction of the internal diameter of protuberance 6.Although (△) expression has resistance to a certain degree, feeler gauge can be screwed into, and the internal diameter of protuberance 6 shrinks slightly.(*) expression feeler gauge can not be screwed into, and the internal diameter of protuberance 6 produces contraction to a certain degree.

The result is, when the projecting height size (h) of protuberance 6 is 0.5mm～1.2mm, for the sheet material 8 of any thickness of slab, all is the good of (zero) expression.When the size (h) of projecting height is 1.5mm,, all be the good of (△) expression for the sheet material 8 of any thickness of slab.When the size (h) of projecting height is 2mm, during thickness of slab (t) 2.8mm, be (△), during 1.8mm (*).Therefore, can think, when the projecting height size of the protuberance 6 of nut 2) h) in the scope at 0.5mm～2.0mm, the shrinkage degree of the internal diameter of protuberance 6 is roughly good.

(2) of this figure are illustrated among the test A in the above-mentioned company, the instrumentation result of intensity.The experimental condition here is the same with above-mentioned condition, and the size (h) of projecting height of the protuberance 6 of nut 2 is changed, instrumentation bond strength, in addition, and bond strength is measured by being pressed into peel strength (KN) based on JIS standard (B1196).

The result is, when the projecting height size (h) of protuberance 6 is 0.5mm～2.0mm, be 14.5～26.6KN for the sheet material of thickness of slab 2.8mm, be 8.2～20.1KN for the sheet material of thickness of slab 1.8mm, sheet material 8 for any thickness of slab all obtains good intensity.Incidentally, the peel strength (KN) that is pressed into of the M8 nut of JIS standard (B1196) is 6.03KN.Therefore, can confirm that the projecting height size (h) of the protuberance 6 of nut 2 can be guaranteed enough and very strong intensity in the scope of 0.5mm～2.0mm.

Like this, preferably, the size (h) of the projecting height of the protuberance 6 of nut 2 is more than about 0.5mm, below about 2mm.When this height dimension when 2.0mm is above, bond strength becomes the level of the intensity that is roughly mother metal, still, when surpassing necessary degree, can make the increase of burr amount when dark.In addition, as shown in result of the test,, be suitable if this height dimension (h) is guaranteed sizable intensity more than 0.8mm.This projecting height size (h) is equivalent to the compression distance in the hole portion 10 that protuberance 6 is pressed into sheet material 8.

Fig. 6 represents the test B in the company, and (1) expression among this figure changes the wall thickness (s) of the protuberance 6 of nut 2, measures the shrinkage degree of the internal diameter of protuberance 6, the result of the test that is obtained.Here the sheet material that uses 8 is employed identical with the above-mentioned test A of intra-company.In addition, nut 2 adopts the nut of the size of M8 specification, and being pressed into surplus (d) is 0.3mm with respect to diameter.Make the outstanding given size (h) of protuberance 6 be 0.8mm.In the said firm, among the test B, the external diameter of protuberance 6 is changed in the scope of 10mm～13mm, wall thickness (s) is changed.At this moment, wall thickness (s) becomes (external diameter of protuberance-8)/2.The same plug thread gauge (JIS standard) of test A is judged in utilization and the company.

The measurement result of the shrinkage degree of internal diameter when wall thickness (s) is 1mm, all is (△) for the sheet material 8 of any thickness of slab.In addition, when wall thickness (s) is 1.5mm～2.5mm,, all be (zero) for the sheet material 8 of any thickness of slab, good.Thus, can think that in the scope of wall thickness (s) more than 1.0mm of the protuberance 6 of nut 2, the shrinkage degree of the internal diameter of protuberance 6 is good haply.

(2) of this figure are the detection instrumentation results who is illustrated in intensity among the above-mentioned test B of intra-company.The experimental condition here is identical with above-mentioned shrinkage test, makes the wall thickness (s) of the protuberance 6 of nut 2 change the instrumentation bond strength.In addition, bond strength carries out instrumentation according to JIS standard (B1196) by being pressed into peel strength (KN).

Consequently, when the wall thickness (s) of protuberance 6 is 1.0mm～2.5mm, in the sheet material of thickness of slab 2.8mm, be 15.1～23.2KN, in the sheet material of thickness of slab 1.8mm, be 8.8～12.7mmKN, the sheet material 8 for any thickness of slab all obtains good intensity.Thus, can confirm that the wall thickness (s) of the protuberance 6 of nut 2 in the scope of 1mm～2.5mm, can be guaranteed enough and very strong intensity.

Here, describe for the protuberance 6 of above-mentioned nut 2 the surplus (d) that is pressed into the hole portion 10 of sheet material 8.In the test in above-mentioned company, order is pressed into surplus, and (d0 is 0.3mm.This is pressed into surplus (d), according to the test in the company, obtains good result in the scope of 0.2mm to 0.6mm (preferably, 0.3mm to 0.5mm).This is pressed into surplus (d) is the surplus that is pressed into for diameter, and the external diameter of protuberance 6 is φ 1 in season, when making the internal diameter of hole portion 10 be φ 2, and d=φ 1-φ 2.In the test in company, when pressure margin d was 0.1mm, the scraping amount that is pressed into surplus when being pressed into was little, engaged unstable.In addition, be under the situation more than the 0.6mm being pressed into surplus d, increase by being pressed into the scraping amount that surplus causes, it is inhomogeneous to produce crudy.

In addition, in this form of implementation, for handling ease etc., the profile of the protuberance 6 of the shape of the hole portion 10 of sheet material 8 and nut 2 is made circle, still, even other shape, if both have similar relation, satisfy the condition that is pressed into, for example, also can adopt ellipse, hexagon, octagonal etc.

Fig. 7 is illustrated in above-mentioned other result of the test that is pressed into joint of carrying out in the company.Here, as sheet material 8, use high-tensile steel (tensile strength 80kgf/mm ²).In addition, nut 2 is the M8 specifications of nuts, and pressure margin (d) is 0.3mm.This test determination is measured bond strength with respect to the current value in when energising.As powered-on mode, test for basic model (only energising when being pressed into), preheating mode (before being pressed into energising, energising) so that make it to take place preheating.In addition, bond strength utilizes according to JIS standard (B1196) and is pressed into peel strength (KN) and measures.

Result of the test is that more than current value 18KA, intensity surpasses 20KN, in roughly 30KN end.In addition, the joint form of preheating mode obtains than the better result of basic model.This can think that by preheating procedure is set when being pressed into, resistance heat evenly distributes, and obtains stable and good joint environment, obtains excellent intensity on whole bonding part.

Here,, engage and the projection welding of prior art is welded is pressed into peel strength, compare, and be expressed as its result for above-mentioned being pressed into by the test in the company.In this test, various impressed current values during for energising, measure also and relatively nut engages is gone up the peel strength that is pressed into of (being pressed into coupling nut) to the different steel plate of tensile strength (sheet material) by the above-mentioned joint that is pressed into, and the bond strength that is pressed into that nut is welded to (generally welded nut) on the same steel plate by the projection welding welding of prior art.

Engage the steel plate of above-mentioned nut, utilize SPCC steel plate (tensile strength 270MPa (28kgf/mm ²)), 780MPa steel plate (tensile strength 780MPa (80kgf/mm ²)) and 980MPa steel plate (tensile strength 980MPa (100kgf/mm ²)) steel plate of three kinds of different tensile strength.Wherein, 780MPa plate strain meter 980MPa steel plate is so-called high-tensile steel.

In addition, nut adopts the nut of M6 specification (address of screw thread) size, in being pressed into joint, with the surplus that is pressed into of the hole portion of steel plate be 0.3mm, in addition, the moulding pressure when being pressed into is 400kgf, is pressed into to join on the sheet material.On the other hand, in the projection welding welding, on the nut of above-mentioned M6, the projection welding point is set, is welded on the sheet material at four positions.In addition, for each steel plate, the impressed current during respectively for welding carries out the mensuration of peel strength, the relation of research electric current and peel strength.

Fig. 8 (a) is for above-mentioned coupling nut and the general welded nut of being pressed into, to nut engages is welded to as on the above-mentioned SPCC steel plate of sheet material the time impressed current (kA) be pressed into the curve that peel strength (kN) compares.According to this curve, be pressed under the situation of coupling nut, consider in the scope (S) (but welding current scope) of guaranteeing to be pressed into the electric current that peel strength can both weld more than the impressed current more than the 3.24kN of JIS standard code and up to the welding current threshold value, be roughly 6.5kA.This so-called welding threshold current is when the electric current that flows through above this threshold current, the junction surface excessive heating, and it is overheated to cause, to being pressed into the current threshold that joint causes obstacle.In addition, under the situation of the general nut that welds, guaranteeing to be pressed into peel strength more than the impressed current more than the 3.24kN of JIS standard code and, be roughly 3kA up to because the scope (P) of the electric current that current threshold that the sputter thing causes can both weld takes place.The threshold current that sputter thing takes place for this is when the electric current that flows through above this electric current, blasts, can not obtain the threshold value of the electric current of stable welding performance at weld part.

Fig. 8 (b) is for above-mentioned nut engages being welded to the above-mentioned comparison curves that is pressed into coupling nut and general welded nut in above-mentioned 780MPa steel plate upper end, and Fig. 8 (c) is welded to the above-mentioned comparison curves that is pressed into coupling nut and general welded nut in above-mentioned 980MPa steel plate upper end with above-mentioned nut engages.Fig. 9 connects current range and maximum bond strength for above-mentioned eyelet welding, the table that comparative result is gathered.

Thus, the above-mentioned coupling nut that is pressed into, but with the welding current scope (P) of general welded nut, welding current scope (S) expansion (about 2 times), the free degree of welding condition is big.This is because being pressed into joint can force down junction temperature, in addition, can think, when engaging sputter thing or blast can not take place, like this, in being pressed into joint, because the free degree of welding condition is big, so, even, also can carry out Current Control with certain amplitude because the size of engagement member etc. cause the welding condition variation, control is easy, and operation is good.

In addition, the above-mentioned peel strength that is pressed into that is pressed into coupling nut, when more above-mentioned three kinds of steel plates, with joining tensile strength on the low steel plate time (in the SPCC steel plate, 10kN) compare, when having on the high steel plate of the tensile strength of joining to (in 780MPa steel plate, 980MPa steel plate, 12kN) the high tendency of peel strength.On the other hand, above-mentioned general welded nut be pressed into peel strength, for any steel plate in above-mentioned three kinds of steel plates,, be about 10kN with roughly the same, find out when joining on the low steel plate of tensile strength, the high tendency of peel strength is arranged by above-mentioned curve.Like this, why the peel strength that is pressed into that is pressed into coupling nut increases pro rata with the tensile strength of above-mentioned steel plate, can think because the intensity of mother metal intactly appears in the size of peel strength.In addition, why not the tensile strength change according to high-tensile steel is big for the peel strength that is pressed in general welding, can think when being welded to nut on the high-tensile steel, to be easy to generate the oxidation overlay film at weld part, and the welding temperature height, weld part is annealed.

Like this, by the test in the above-mentioned company, can confirm, compare with general welded nut, be pressed into the free degree height of the engaging conditions such as impressed current of coupling nut when engaging, therefore, the control that electric current is regulated etc. are easy, and operation is good, in addition, when nut is engaged, obtain high peel strength, particularly on steel plate, with the engaging of high-tensile steel in, obtain excellent bond strength etc., in all fields, be pressed into and engage characteristic with excellence.

In addition,, compared nut engages has been welded to the peel strength that is pressed into as on the electroplating steel plate of sheet material the time, expressed its result according to the test in the company.In this test, in various impressed current values, mensuration has compared the peel strength that is pressed into that is pressed into joint with the goods (be pressed into coupling nut) of nut engages to the 590MPaGA steel plate (alloy galvanized steel plate) by above-mentioned, with the peel strength that is pressed into that nut is welded to goods on the same steel plate (general welded nut) by the projection welding welding of prior art.In addition welding condition is identical with situation about testing in the above-mentioned company.

Figure 10 is for above-mentioned coupling nut and the general welded nut of being pressed into, to the impressed current (kA) under situation about nut engages being welded on the above-mentioned GA steel plate be pressed into the curve that peel strength (kN) compares.According to this curve, be pressed under the situation of joint, guaranteeing to be pressed into peel strength more than the impressed current more than the above-mentioned JIS standard value and until the current range that can weld (S) of the threshold value of welding current is 4.5kA.In addition, under the situation of general welding, guaranteeing to be pressed into more than the above impressed current of peel strength in the JIS standard code and up to being roughly 2kA because the current range (P) that current threshold that the sputter thing causes can both weld takes place.

Thus, but compare with the welding current scope (P) of general welded nut, the above-mentioned coupling nut that is pressed into, but its welding current scope (S) expansion (about 2 times), the free degree of welding condition is big.Particularly, under the situation of general welded nut,, be lower than above-mentioned steel plate (current threshold of above-mentioned 780MPa steel plate (being roughly 10kA)) for electroplating because the current threshold (roughly 9kA) that the sputter thing causes takes place.This be because, generally weld when being welded to nut on the GA steel plate utilizing, the spark of sputter thing significantly takes place, cause the obstacle that welds.This a large amount of sputter thing for Products Quality such as the threaded portion that makes nut are bad, can cause ill effect, and operation is also dangerous, also is problem for secure context.Therefore, when being welded to the general welding method of nut utilization on the electroplating steel plate, the sputter thing takes place in a large number, the free degree of welding condition diminishes, the control difficulty that electric current is regulated, and operation is also poor.

On the other hand, be pressed under the situation of joint, because the sputter thing takes place hardly, so, in very wide current range, limit welding well, therefore, be pressed into the peel strength that is pressed into of coupling nut, but in welding current scope (S), obtain stable high strength characteristics.Like this, according to the test in the above-mentioned company, can confirm, even utilizing for sheet material under the situation of electroplating steel plate, be pressed into coupling nut and also can in very wide current range, obtain high peel strength, obtain and the above-mentioned same peel strength of steel plate, in addition, compare with general welded nut for electroplating, the free degree height of engaging conditions such as the impressed current during joint, therefore, the control that electric current is regulated etc. are easy, and operation is good.

In the structure of automobile etc.,,, adopt parts with steel formability as main member for skeleton organization or vehicle body etc.As this main member, adopt above-mentioned nut 2 is fixed to parts on the sheet material 8.As shown in figure 11, engage the sheet material 8 of above-mentioned nut 2, assembled, be used for fastening by bolt 19 purposes such as other structure member 20 are fixed thereon as the critical piece of the structures such as vehicle frame that constitute automobile.

Thereby, according to the joint that is pressed into of form of implementation, a simple operation that need be pressed into and switch on, and also promptly the limit engages, limit manufacturing at an easy rate, and cheap for manufacturing cost, the economy excellence.In addition, because joint interface cleans, can engage well, excellent strength in addition, makes to engage the welding that becomes solid state shape, so the heat affecting that gives mother metal is little, so, have and guarantee high-precision joint, the good effect of fine finishining precision.

In addition, be pressed in the joint above-mentioned, owing on whole circumference, engage, so, can guarantee the air-tightness at junction surface.Thisly bubble-tightly guaranteeing, in the projection welding welding of prior art, is difficult from structure, is necessary to carry out independent sealing in order to ensure air-tightness.In addition, projection welding welding in prior art is used in the nut, and what have is provided with direction protrusion at central portion, still, this direction protrusion in the center of the hole of sheet material portion on standard, have the gap, therefore, even direction protrusion is charged into, also can exist the center of nut to depart from the situation at the center of hole portion, in this case, when bolted, bearing-surface can be out of shape.About this point, be pressed in the joint above-mentioned, for the positional precision of nut 2, owing to be the structure of charging in the portion of hole, so automatically position, and the center is consistent with the center of hole portion with high accuracy.

Secondly, describe for another form of implementation.As shown in figure 12, be used for the nut 22 of this form of implementation, on the peripheral part of protuberance 26, form a plurality of convex strip portions 25.This nut 22 is cut into four positions of the outer radius portion of the above-mentioned protuberance 6 of above-mentioned nut 2 smooth, consequently, on the position at equally spaced four positions, forms convex strip portions 25.Thereby when being pressed into, these convex strip portions 25 partly join on the wall of hole portion 10 of sheet material 8.Therefore, this connected structure, the part that a plurality of parts that become the protuberance 26 of nut 22 join in the hole portion 10 of sheet material 8 engages.

This basic joint operation that is pressed into joint, the same with the joint of above-mentioned whole circumference, still, its difference is that the area that contacts owing to two members diminishes, so, resistance during energising increases, even the current value in when energising reduces, also can obtain same resistance heat.Impressed current during being pressed in this joint operation is 22kA, and moulding pressure is 400kgf.

Between the hole portion 10 of the protuberance 26 of above-mentioned nut 22 and sheet material 8, form for diameter the surplus that is pressed in 0.2mm to 1.0mm (preferably, 0.3mm to 0.7mm) scope.By this, hole portion of sheet material 8 10 and protuberance 26 are pressed into the convex strip portions 25 at four positions.

When engaging, to the upper surface of above-mentioned counterdie 14, on the other hand, the patrixes 16 that nut 22 embeddings are installed in the hole portion 18 are descended with nut 22 above-mentioned sheet material 8 mountings.Then, load pushing patrix 16, simultaneously, have counterdie 14 and patrix 16, energising between nut 22 and sheet material 8 with certain moulding pressure.Like this, in the heat that has a resistance, protuberance 26 be pressed into beginning, convex strip portions 25 descends mobile the hole of sheet material 8 one 10 in, the centre position of the hole portion 10 of the leading section arrival sheet material 8 of protuberance 26.In this case, on the joint interface of convex strip portions 25 and the inwall of the hole portion 10 of sheet material 8, produce scraping action, carry out being pressed into joint by what the attenuate pull and stretch caused.By this manufacturing process, obtain the member that is pressed into connected structure that constitutes by nut 22 and sheet material 8.

Other form as above-mentioned part joint, the external diameter of protuberance 26 is made circle, on the other hand, with the interior perimembranous of the hole portion 10 of sheet material 8 at a plurality of part upper cuts, form the junction of a plurality of and above-mentioned protuberance 26, for this structure, also can obtain to engage same effect with above-mentioned part.

Thereby, according to the joint that is pressed into of above-mentioned form of implementation,, and can promptly engage only by being pressed into and switching on simple operation, make the cheap economy excellence of manufacturing cost easily.In addition, owing to can engage well, excellent strength, and make joint be the welding of solid state shape, so, have and guarantee high-precision joint, the good effect of fine finishining precision.

Secondly, with reference to the accompanying drawings, for as according to the nut that has flange that is pressed into the connecting elements that engages usefulness of second kind of form of implementation and be pressed into connected structure and describe.The above-mentioned flanged nut 32 of protruding 13 expressions.This nut 32 comprises: profile is hexagonal base portion 33, form an integral body, external diameter flange part 41 with the bottom of this base portion 33 greater than the big hollow disc shape of base portion, connect the screwed hole 34 of the central part of above-mentioned base portion 33, and around the hole portion of above-mentioned flange part 41, be the outstanding protuberance 36 that forms of tubular downwards.This protuberance 36 is the rounded cylindrical (circular) of the wall thickness (s) with regulation, its inner hole that is connected with the hole portion of above-mentioned screwed hole 34, flange part 41 that forms.Above-mentioned protuberance 36 is from back side portion 35 height dimension (h) formation of outstanding regulation downwards of flange part 41.

Figure 14 represents the flanged nut 42 that engages usefulness that is pressed into of other form.For this nut 42, also same with above-mentioned nut 32, form protuberance 36 highlightedly from the back side portion 35 of flange part 41, and then, in the back side of flange part 41 one 35, form the burr accommodation section 39 that constitutes by cannelure with the state of the above-mentioned protuberance 36 in position.In addition, this nut 42 pushes this protuberance 36 that is shaped downwards by the central portion (recess 43) of the upper surface of pressure processing pushing base portion 33.

In addition, the above-mentioned nut 32,42 that has flange is scribed thread groove on whole base portion 33, flange part 41 and protuberance 36, still, also can only scribe thread groove on base portion 33 and flange part 41, does not scribe thread groove in the one of the hole of protuberance 36.This at this moment, the internal diameter of the hole portion of protuberance 36, and the internal diameter between at the bottom of the screw thread of base portion 33 is roughly the same, perhaps big slightly.Thereby with bolt attaching nut 32,42 o'clock, the passing through of bolt becomes good.In addition, also can only in the one of the hole of base portion 33, scribe thread groove, on flange part 31 and protuberance 36, not scribe thread groove, in this case, can become as bolt better.

As shown in figure 15, there are various forms above-mentioned burr accommodation section 39, and for example, the burr accommodation section 39 shown in this figure (a) is in the form that slot part is set along near the state the protuberance 36 in the back side of flange part 41 one 35.Burr accommodation section 39 shown in this figure (b) is in the back side of flange part 41 one 35, the form of the taper slot part that the below tilts near the setting of protuberance 36 towards the lateral.

For the shape of the base portion 33 of the nut that has flange, can adopt polygonal shape of form of ownerships such as hexagon or quadrangle, in addition, also can adopt circular form.By on their base portion, being integrally formed flange part, in the portion of the back side of this flange part, form protuberance 36, obtain to be pressed into to engage and use nut.In addition, the size of flange part 41 forms greatlyyer than the external diameter (maximum gauge) of base portion 33, guarantees the area of bearing-surface.For the shape of this flange part 41, can adopt different shapes such as circle, ellipse, flower shape.In addition, the bearing-surface of the back side portion 35 of the flange part 41 here is smooth.

Figure 13 (c) expression is pressed into the sheet material 38 that engages above-mentioned nut 32.This sheet material 38 is by the sheet material of thickness of slab (t) formation of regulation, penetrates on the position of regulation circular port 40 is set.This hole portion 40 is holes that the face with sheet material 38 is vertical and connect.The junction with nut 32 on this sheet material 38 is smooth, though crooked slightly near the hole portion 40 of sheet material 38, as long as the crooked very little change of degree is no problem when engaging.

On the protuberance 36 of above-mentioned nut 32, shown in Figure 13 waits, form chamfered section 37, the height dimension of this chamfered section is about 0.3mm.This chamfered section 37 forms for the purpose of convenient for metal pattern is shaped, and in addition, the guide when being pressed into also is effective.In addition, owing to have the surplus that is pressed into of regulation when being pressed into, so above-mentioned chamfered section 37 is etched, original shape almost disappears after being pressed into.About the height dimension (h) of the protuberance 36 of above-mentioned nut 2, be the notion that comprises above-mentioned chamfered section 37.The wall thickness of protuberance 36 (s) is above-mentioned amount; At the bottom of the screw thread of the thread groove of screwed hole 34 and the size between the outer diameter part of protuberance 36, under the situation that thread groove is not set, be the wall thickness of the tube of protuberance 36.

In this form of implementation,, make height dimension (h) and thickness of slab (t) roughly the same or less than this thickness of slab (t) (h=t, h＜t) about the thickness of slab (t) of above-mentioned sheet material 38 relation with the height dimension (h) of the protuberance 36 of above-mentioned nut 32.This be because, when protuberance 36 is pressed into thickness of slab (t) above sheet material 38, become being pressed into of the engagement range that surpasses two members, like this, to damage by pressure by being pressed into the good joint interface that specially forms, and then, form new joint interface, bond strength reduces, in addition, when the height dimension (h) of the protuberance 36 of nut 32 during greater than thickness of slab (t), behind joint, protuberance 36 is outstanding from sheet material 38, with other parts of the fastening assembling of nut the time, this protuberance position becomes obstacle sometimes, brings inconvenience.

Above-mentioned sheet material 38 uses particularly the high-tensile steel that structure member adopted of member as automobile, panel etc.As this high-tensile steel, comprise the steel plate of alloying elements such as containing C, Si, Ti, Nb or, have tensile strength at 780N/mm with its two sides of heat-treating (DP) steel plate ²Above intensity, performance is according to the excellent effect that is pressed into joint of this form of implementation.

Material about above-mentioned nut 32 and sheet material 38, particularly, be connected at nut 32 under the situation on the sheet material 38 that constitutes by high-tensile steel the high-tension steel, the influence of oxidation overlay film etc. is little, compare with the welding of the nut of general projection welding welding, failure welding can not take place, so be preferred.Self-evident, as the material of sheet material 38 and nut 32, can adopt general processing steel, the automobile high tensile steel, other metal material, SUS (stainless steel), the combination of SUS and carbon steel, carbon steels for machine structural purposes, the frame for movement steel alloy, heat resisting steel, tool steel, spring steel, cast iron, easily machining steel, bearing steel, general processing steel, steels for pressure vessel use material, titanium, aluminium, magnesium or the like light metal light metal, light metal alloy etc.In addition, also can be applicable to carrying out that automobile uses the zinc-plated surface-treated high-tensile steel that waits, also can be applicable to and carry out the surface-treated nut.

Here, be illustrated for the joint that is pressed into that the above-mentioned nut 32 that has flange is engaged on above-mentioned sheet material 38.This is pressed into joint, as shown in figure 16, utilizes the anchor clamps with chromium counterdie 44 made of copper and patrix 46, and the protuberance 36 of above-mentioned nut 32 is joined on the sheet material 38 as mother metal.At the central portion of the patrix 46 of these anchor clamps, the hole portion 48 of the above-mentioned nut 32 of tight maintenance is set, in addition, counterdie 44,46 functions that do not have as electrode of patrix.

The hole portion 48 of above-mentioned patrix 46 is adjacent on the upper surface part and side surface part of nut 32, so that reduce resistance.In addition, contact with each other in order to prevent electrode, the lower end part of hole portion 48 is in the back side portion 35 of leaving nut 32, slightly by on the last position.In addition, above-mentioned patrix 46 also can use with the smooth form that does not have hole portion 48.

As shown in figure 16, between the hole portion 40 of protuberance 36 and sheet material 38, what form regulation is pressed into surplus (d).This is pressed into surplus (d) is size (diameter of the diameter of d=protuberance 36-hole portion 40) with respect to diameter, for radius, becomes (d/2).In order to ensure the above-mentioned surplus that is pressed into, the diameter of the hole portion 40 of sheet material 38 is made diameter role of a young woman in traditional opera size than the protuberance 36 of nut 32.As the condition that is pressed into joint, utilize the M8 specifications of nuts at base portion, utilize the 780N/mm of thickness of slab 2.8mm as sheet material ²The situation of high-tensile steel under, make that impressed current is 16kA, moulding pressure is 2kN.This moulding pressure is lower than stress as the sheet material 38 of mother metal (preventing that protuberance from protruding into the resistance in the hole portion of sheet material here).Thereby, surpass moment from this moulding pressure by the pressure of the softening reduction of sheet material, be pressed into beginning.

Be pressed in the example of technology at this, above-mentioned sheet material 38 is positioned on the upper surface of above-mentioned counterdie 44, nut 32 is remained in the hole portion 48 of patrix 46, this nut 32 is descended with patrix 46.Then, under the state of the EDGE CONTACT of the bottom of protuberance 36 and hole portion 40, position.Secondly, certain moulding pressure loads pushing patrix 46, (after about 1 second) afterwards, engages electric current through counterdie 44 and patrix 46 passing between nut 32 and the sheet material 38.

Like this, with the generation resistance heat, the beginning that is pressed into to the hole of protuberance 36 one 40, this protuberance 36 moves by vertical decline in the hole of sheet material 38 one 40.Then, the leading section of protuberance 36 arrives the centre position of hole portion 40, and simultaneously, the back side portion 35 (bearing-surface) of nut 32 is adjacent on the surface of sheet material 38.By this manufacturing process, obtain the parts that are pressed into connected structure that nut 32 and sheet material 38 constitute.This connected structure, the whole circumference that becomes the protuberance 36 of nut 32 join the joint of the whole circumference in the hole portion 40 of sheet material 38 to.In addition, the timing in above-mentioned each operation, and the transfer between the operation was regularly controlled with the time.

Using under the situation of the high tensile steel of carbon equivalents 0.35 or more for nut 32 and sheet material 38, when the press fit joining method that utilizes according to this form of implementation, owing to the chilling effect that is pressed into behind the joint, at the junction surface and heat affected zone martensitic structure can take place.Because this metal structure is stone, crisp, so the toughness at junction surface has problems.As the means that prevent this situation, after being pressed into the joint operation, utilize same joining jig to pass to secondary current, the junction surface energising is made it overheated, be effective with this part annealing.By this tempering energising, above-mentioned martensitic transformation becomes tempered martensite, recovers toughness at the junction surface.

In addition, can adopt above-mentioned be pressed into operation before, add in advance joint method with the preheating procedure (preheating mode) of nut 32 and sheet material 38 heating.The purpose of this preheating is that the chilling at the junction surface after preventing to engage suppresses martensitic generation.This preheating procedure is compared during with above-mentioned being pressed into and electrical current is forced down (preheat curent about 1/2 when being equivalent to be pressed into) before above-mentioned being pressed into of beginning, switches on making under two member state of contact.In this preheating procedure, with above-mentioned to be pressed into operation same, patrix 46 is descended, under the state of the EDGE CONTACT of the bottom of protuberance 36 and hole portion 40, pass to preheat curent.Here, owing to its objective is with nut 32, sheet material 38 preheatings as engagement member, so, make the temperature of two members rise to the softening state in junction surface of two members.After this preheating procedure, increase electrical current immediately, transfer to the above-mentioned operation that is pressed into.

In the above-mentioned operation that is pressed into, in the time of with the generation resistance heat, begin being pressed into of nut 32, protuberance 36 descends in the hole of sheet material 38 one 40 and moves.In this case, on the joint interface of two members, produce scraping action, be pressed into joint by attenuate pull and stretch processing and manufacturing operation.Then, be pressed into joint with certain moulding pressure, certain decrease speed, the instantaneous heating in junction surface, nut 32 is pressed into joint at short notice, and the back side portion 35 of nut 32 contacts with the surface element of sheet material 38, finishes joint.Then, the protuberance 36 of nut 32 and the hole portion 40 of sheet material are engaged under the state of the joint interface that between formation solid phase engages.According to Solid-phase welding, on the composition surface, obtain the clean Surface tissue, by this, carry out good joint, obtain high bond strength.

In Solid-phase welding, the tissue that on its joint interface, whether obtains to clean, about engage well whether.According to the joint that is pressed into of this form of implementation, by on above-mentioned joint interface, each wall of the hole portion 40 of the protuberance of nut 32 and sheet material 38 is moving on glide direction each other, by scraping, thereby, surperficial impurity layer got rid of, being cleaned of surface, junction surface become the tissue of cleaning.

Afterwards, along with the progress that is pressed into, engaging facial bonding area increases, and on the contrary, area difference reduces, so resistance reduces, the resistance heat that is consequently produced reduces, and the temperature on composition surface reduces.By the above-mentioned engagement state that is pressed into joint, be accompanied by by being pressed into the plastic deformation (thermoplasticity) that causes and reach solid phase and engage.Then, be pressed into finish after because cooling, the hardness of the mother metal of joint is recovered, and engages securely.Thereby, because intermetallic engages between the hole portion 40 of nut 32 and sheet material 38, so, sealing completely obtained.Here, be pressed in the joint, following the process of pressurization → switch on → be pressed into → cool off above-mentioned.In addition, the burr that above-mentioned scraping produces is received in the above-mentioned burr accommodation section 39, and by this, the back side portion 35 of nut 32 is adjacent on the surface of sheet material 38, obtains the parts of the good connected structure of quality.

Like this, because the bearing-surface of nut is adjacent on the sheet material equably, so, performance has the distinctive high load capacity of nut of flange and guarantees wide bearing-surface, reach for rock, crooked, the original purpose of the nut of strengthening that has flange such as reversing, particularly, under the thin situation of the thickness of slab of sheet material 38 (about 1.0mm), can utilize the bearing-surface of flange part 41 to strengthen sheet material 38 effectively.In addition, because the flange 41 of nut is not fixed on the sheet material 38, so, prevent to this, under the thin situation of sheet material, to be effective particularly by being applied to nipping of surface that small move left and right on the junction surface etc. causes.

Here, it is the problem of intensity etc. that has the nut of flange, but, the nut that uses among the test B in above-mentioned first kind of form of implementation in test A that illustrate, in company and the company, be to carry out for the form that protuberance is set on non-lipped nut, but, because these tests, be the contraction of internal diameter of the height dimension (h) that is related to the protuberance of nut and wall thickness (s) and the test of intensity, all with flange part have or not that it doesn't matter, so even under the situation of the nut that has flange, result of the test also is the same.

Thereby, also the same for the nut that has flange with above-mentioned form of implementation, can think that the projecting height size (h) of the protuberance of nut is in the scope of 0.5mm～2.0mm, the shrinkage degree of the internal diameter of protuberance 36 is roughly good.In addition, the wall thickness of nut protuberance 36 (s) can be guaranteed enough and very strong intensity in the scope of 1.0mm～2.5mm.Thus, can think that in the scope of wall thickness (s) more than 1.0mm of the protuberance 36 of nut, the shrinkage degree of the internal diameter of protuberance 36 is roughly good.In addition, the wall thickness of nut protuberance 36 (s) is guaranteed enough and very strong intensity in the scope of 1.0mm～2.5mm.In addition, when being pressed into surplus d and being the 0.1mm left and right sides, the scraping amount that is pressed into surplus when being pressed into is few, engages unstable.In addition, be pressed into surplus under the situation more than the 0.6mm, the scraping quantitative change that surplus causes is big by being pressed into, and produces inhomogeneous for fine finishining.

In addition, in this form of implementation, owing to process easily etc., the shape of the hole portion 40 of the profile of the protuberance 36 of nut 32 and sheet material 38 is made circle, still, even they are other shapes, if both have similar relation, the condition that is pressed into is satisfied, and for example, also is suitable for for forms such as ellipse, hexagon, octagonals.

In addition, result by above-mentioned in-company test (engaging the comparison that is pressed into peel strength of welding) affirmation with the projection welding of prior art for being pressed into, for the nut that has flange also is the same, being pressed into coupling nut compares with general welded nut, the free degree height of engaging conditions such as the impressed current during joint, therefore, the systems that the electric current control is regulated etc. easily, operation is good, in addition, particularly with the engaging of high-tensile steel in, obtain excellent intensity, and then, even under the situation of using electroplating steel plate, be pressed into coupling nut and in very wide current range, obtain high peel strength.

In the structure of automobile etc.,,, adopt the parts that steel plate (using the steel plate of thickness of slab 1.2mm～2.3mm mostly) is shaped as main member for skeleton organization or vehicle body etc.As this main member, adopt above-mentioned nut 32 is fixed to parts on the sheet material 38.As shown in figure 17, engage the sheet material 38 of above-mentioned nut 32, assembled, be used for fastening by bolt 19 purposes such as other structure member 20 are fixed thereon as the critical piece of structures such as the member that constitutes automobile, vehicle frame.At this moment, because the bearing-surface of nut 32 is adjacent on the sheet material 38, so, can guarantee the precision of the right angle angle of installation site, screw, bolt 19 can be screwed into smoothly, and screw is bitten when preventing to connect, and carries out good connection.

Thereby, according to above-mentioned form of implementation,, and make rapidly and easily only with the simple operation that is pressed into and switches on, the economy excellence, in addition, can engage excellent strength well, and make joint become the welding of solid state shape, so, have and guarantee high-precision joint, the effect that the fine finishining precision is good.In addition, because the bearing-surface of nut is adjacent on the sheet material equably, so, performance has the distinctive high load capacity of the nut of flange, and guarantee wide bearing-surface, can reach reliably for rock, the original purpose of crooked, the reinforcement reversed etc., can prevent the lax of when long-time use screw.In addition, owing to be pressed into connected structure to spread all over whole circumference at the central part that engages integrated each other with member by this, so stress disperses, and keeps stable intensity.In addition, because the flange part of nut is fixing, so, can prevent to be applied to nipping of surface that the small move left and right on the junction surface causes.

And then, even use under the situation of high tensile steel for sheet material, nut, also can carry out firm joint, obtain and the same intensity of mild steel plate, in addition, because not fusion of junction surface, so, hydrogen can not invade in the material, can eliminate the trouble that is caused by the hydrogen in the steel of delayed fracture, stress rupture, hydrogen brittleness etc., can use high-tension material securely.In addition, be pressed in the joint, can as projection welding welding, the sputter thing do not take place, needn't worry bad, the intensity reduction, failure welding of screw thread that sputter thing, oxide cause etc., can guarantee good quality this.

In addition, be pressed in the joint above-mentioned, owing on whole circumference, engage fully, so, can guarantee sealing, the air-tightness at junction surface, can not cause the reduction of sealing because of use the vibration that causes for a long time, peel off etc.In addition, be pressed in the joint,, charge into the structure of hole portion, automatically position, and the center is consistent with the center of hole portion accurately, so the positional precision of nut is good to nut about the positional precision of nut this.And then, as sheet material, even under the situation of using galvanized steel plain sheet, this press fit joining method, the zinc that enters the junction seldom is simplified by the scraping action junction surface, so, obtain little, the good bond strength of fluctuating of bond strength, in addition, because electrode can not contact with the zinc of fusion, contact with the zinc of low temperature, so export license is little.

Figure 18 represents to have the nut that has flange 62 of the flange part of other shape.This nut 62 and the above-mentioned nut 32 the same protuberances 36 that form, and then the thickness of slab that makes the end of flange part 61 is 1.0mm, and making this flange part 61 and the thickness of slab of the boundary part of base portion 33 is 1.5mm.In addition, the back side portion 65 of flange part 61 forms the concave spherical surface shape with whole bearing-surface.In this case, near the central portion of the concave spherical surface of above-mentioned back side portion 65 with the difference in height of outer edge below 0.5mm, prevent in the short circuit of the flange part 61 that is pressed into the initial stage with sheet material 38.In addition, in the second half section that is pressed into, even above-mentioned short circuit takes place, owing to pressing part is fully heated, so, very little to the influence that is pressed into joint itself.Then, the whole protuberance 36 with nut 62 is pressed in the hole portion 40 of sheet material 38.Like this, by making flange part 61 thinner, the heating during by welding can make flange surface adapt to the shape of sheet material 38, even sheet material 38 is crooked slightly, also can apply more uniform pressure.In addition, form the concave spherical surface shape by the bearing-surface with flange part 61, even the face of sheet material 38 is concavo-convex slightly, also can apply more uniform pressure in entire flange portion, in addition, applied pressure grow on periphery prevents to relax.

Secondly, describe for the nut that has flange according to another form of implementation.As shown in figure 19, the nut that has flange 52 that uses in this form of implementation as protuberance 56, forms a plurality of convex strip portions 55 on periphery, and shape in addition is identical with above-mentioned nut 32.This nut 32, four positions of the outer radius portion of the above-mentioned protuberance 36 of above-mentioned nut 32 are cut into smooth, consequently, on the position at equally spaced four positions, mutually towards convex strip portions 55 up and down.Thereby when being pressed into, the part that a plurality of parts that this connected structure becomes the protuberance 56 of nut 52 are engaged in the hole portion 40 of sheet material 38 engages.According to the nut that has flange that is pressed into joint usefulness of this form of implementation and the material of sheet material, the same with the material of above-mentioned form of implementation.

This basic joint operation that is pressed into joint, to engage operation same with being pressed into of above-mentioned form of implementation, but, here, its difference is, because the area of two member contacts is little, so, resistance during energising increases, even the electric current system in when energising reduces, also can obtain necessary resistance heat.Between the hole portion 40 of the protuberance 56 of above-mentioned nut 52 and sheet material 38, form with respect to diameter and in 0.2mm to 1.0mm (preferably 0.3mm to 0.7mm) scope, be pressed into surplus.

When engaging, above-mentioned sheet material 38 is positioned on the upper surface of above-mentioned counterdie 44, on the other hand, patrix 46 and nuts 52 that nut 52 embeddings are installed in the hole portion 48 are descended together.Then, load pushing patrix 46 with certain moulding pressure, and then, via following 44 and patrix 46 between nut 52 and sheet material 38, switch on.Like this, in the heat that has a resistance, protuberance 56 be pressed into beginning, convex strip portions 55 descends mobile the hole of sheet material 38 one 40 in, the centre position of the hole portion 40 of the leading section arrival sheet material 38 of protuberance 56.In this case, on the joint interface of convex strip portions 55 and the inwall of the hole portion 40 of sheet material 38, produce scraping action, carry out being pressed into joint by what ironing caused.By this manufacturing process, obtain the member that is pressed into connected structure that constitutes by nut 52 and sheet material 38.

Other form as above-mentioned part joint, the external diameter of the protuberance 56 of nut 52 is made circle, on the other hand, with the interior perimembranous of the hole portion 40 of sheet material 38 at a plurality of portions cuts, form the junction of a plurality of and above-mentioned protuberance 56, for this structure, obtain to engage same effect with above-mentioned part.According in being pressed into of this form of implementation, if the hole portion of the protuberance of nut and sheet material, the part that they are in contact with one another has the similar shapes relation, both can be pressed into joint.

Thereby, according to above-mentioned form of implementation, simple operation only by being pressed into and switching on, and make rapidly and easily, in addition, engage well, excellent strength makes to engage the welding that becomes solid state shape in addition, so, high-precision joint is guaranteed in acquisition, the effect that the fine finishining precision is good.In addition, because the bearing-surface of nut is adjacent on the sheet material equably, so, performance has the distinctive high load capacity of nut of flange, and guarantees wide bearing-surface, can prevent to rock, crooked, reverse etc., in addition, because the flange part of nut is unfixing, so, nipping of surface, junction surface can be prevented.And then, even use for mother metal under the situation of high-tensile steel, also can obtain good intensity.

Secondly, illustrate that with reference to the accompanying drawings the conduct according to the third form of implementation is pressed into the bolt of the connecting elements that engages usefulness and is pressed into connected structure.Figure 20 (a) is above-mentioned bolt 72 diagrams of expression.This bolt 72 has hexagonal head 73 and axial region 81, and this axial region 81 is on the lower position of head 73, and forming interface shape with the height dimension of stipulating (h) is the wide diameter portion 76 of circle, forms the axial region 74 that thread groove is set with being attached thereto.The diameter of above-mentioned wide diameter portion 76 (D) forms greatlyyer than the diameter (E) of above-mentioned axial region 74.

Figure 20 (b) is that expression is pressed into the panel 78 that engages above-mentioned bolt 72.This panel 78 is by the sheet material of half thick (t) formation of regulation, penetrates the circular hole portion 80 that is provided with on the position of regulation.This hole portion 80 is perpendicular to the face of panel 78 and the hole that connects.Here, poor (D-E) with the diameter (D) of the wide diameter portion 76 of above-mentioned bolt 72 and the diameter (E) of the threaded top of axial region forms greater than 1mm.According to the test in the company, in being pressed into joint, be pressed into surplus (diameter of the diameter of wide diameter portion 76 and hole portion 80 poor), be preferably 0.2mm～0.6mm.Therefore, above-mentioned poor (D-E) is greater than the value that is pressed into surplus, and adds precision of anchor clamps etc., as mentioned above, fixes on more than the 1mm.

In addition, make the height dimension of above-mentioned wide diameter portion 76 (in the scope of h0 about 1mm to 5mm.According to the test in the company, the height dimension in being pressed into joint (compression distance) obtains intensity and all good result of fine finishining quality in the scope of 1mm to 5mm.When this height dimension (h) when 1mm is following, be accompanied by the surface that the scraping that is pressed into joint causes impurity layer clean deficiency, can not obtain high bond strength, in addition, when 5mm is above, increase by the burr amount of scraping cutting, quality worsens.

In Solid-phase welding, the tissue that on its joint interface, whether obtains to clean, joint well whether.The joint that is pressed into according to this form of implementation, on above-mentioned joint interface, wide diameter portion 76 by bolt 72 and each wall of the hole portion 80 of panel 78 mobile on glide direction each other carry out scraping, thereby, the impurity layer on surface is excluded, being cleaned of surface, junction surface become the tissue of cleaning.

In this form of implementation, about the thickness of slab (t) of above-mentioned panel 78 relation, make height dimension (h) and thickness of slab (t) about equally, perhaps less than thickness of slab (h=t, h＜t) with the height dimension (h) of the wide diameter portion 76 of above-mentioned bolt 72.This is because when wide diameter portion 76 is pressed into the thickness of slab (t) of panel 78 when above, carry out being pressed into more than the junction surface of two members, like this, will damage by pressure by the above-mentioned good joint interface that specially forms that is pressed into, and then, generate new joint interface, bond strength reduces.In addition, when the height dimension (h) of the wide diameter portion 76 of bolt 72 during greater than thickness of slab (t), behind the joint, wide diameter portion 76 is outstanding from panel 78, and when utilizing other parts of the fastening assembling of nut, this outstanding position becomes obstacle, brings inconvenience sometimes.

Figure 21 (a) is the diagram that is pressed into the bolt 82 that engages usefulness of the other form of implementation of expression (b).The head 83 of this bolt 82 is circular, from the back side portion 75 of this head 83, forms wide diameter portion 76 and axial region 74 as axial region.And then this bolt 82 in the back side of head 83 one 75, forms the burr accommodation section 79 that is made of cannelure with the state that surrounds above-mentioned wide diameter portion 76.The material of above-mentioned bolt 72,82 etc. is made of steel or high tensile steel.

Above-mentioned burr accommodation section 79, as shown in figure 22, various forms are arranged, for example, the burr accommodation section 79 shown in this figure (a) is along near the form that slot part is set the wide diameter portion 76, burr accommodation section 79 shown in this figure (b), be near the intensification with wide diameter portion 76, form the slot part from this residual cone-shaped towards the outside, this is a kind of whole form that forms recessed space in the back side of bolt 72 one.

Shape about above-mentioned bolt 72, can use head to be hexagon, quadrangle, circle, in addition, axial region 81 is bolts of form of ownership such as short or long, on whole axial region 81, thread groove is set, also can uses an axial region part not have the column of thread groove, the bolt of thread groove is set on a part.By between the head of these bolts and axial region, forming wide diameter portion, obtain to be pressed into the bolt that engages usefulness.In addition, polygonal bolt, when the bolt chasing, fixing easily.

In addition, the external diameter of above-mentioned wide diameter portion 76, under the situation of dihedral bolt (four jiaos, hexagonal etc.), form identically or at this below width dimensions with the width dimensions of two parallel faces of bolt, for other bolt, compare with the size of the radial direction of head, form the external diameter of hole enlargement 76 smaller.If the size of the head in this scope, in energising, when being pressed into, configured electrodes can reduce resistance well.The bolt of general projection welding welding usefulness on the supporting face (back side portion) of head, is provided with welding projection, so, be necessary with this head form broad, therefore, it is big that the nose shape of bolt becomes.But, according to the bolt of this form of implementation, in principle, the head of bolt can be narrowed down to big or small roughly the same (square with the axis cross section) with wide diameter portion 76, miniaturization and lightweight are also made contributions.

Above-mentioned panel 78, the high-tensile steel that utilizes particularly the result feature as the member of automobile etc. to adopt.As this high-tensile steel, comprise the steel plate of alloying elements such as containing C, Si, Ti, Nb or, have tensile strength at 780N/mm with its two sides of heat-treating (DP) steel plate ²Above intensity.In resistance welded, the steel plate of the influence of oxidation overlay film takes place, be that tensile strength is at 780N/mm ²Above steel plate, performance is according to the excellent effect that is pressed into joint of this form of implementation.

On above-mentioned panel 78, penetrate the hole portion 80 of setting, be perpendicular to the face of panel 78 and the hole that connects.The junction with above-mentioned bolt 72 on this panel 78 is smooth, still, even crooked slightly near the hole portion 80 of panel 78, so long as its degree of crook is very little, does not have problem for joint.

In addition, on the wide diameter portion 76 of above-mentioned bolt 72, and form chamfered section 77 between the above-mentioned axial region 74, the height dimension of this chamfered section is about 0.3mm.This chamfered section 77 is convenient formation that are shaped for metal pattern, and in addition, the guide when being pressed in the hole of panel 78 one 80 also is effective.In addition, when being pressed into, owing to have the surplus that is pressed into of regulation, so above-mentioned chamfered section 77 is etched, after being pressed into, its original shape almost disappears.About the height dimension (h) of the wide diameter portion 76 of above-mentioned bolt 72, be the notion that comprises above-mentioned chamfered section 77.

Material about above-mentioned bolt 72 and panel 78, particularly under the bolt 72 with steel or high-tension steel is connected to situation on the panel 78 that high tension steel constitutes, the influence of oxidation overlay film etc. is little, compare with the welding of the bolt of general spring projection welding welding, failure welding can not take place, so be preferred.Self-evident, as the material of panel 78 and bolt 72, can use general processing steel, wire rod, the automobile high-tensile steel, other metal material, SUS (stainless steel) is with the material of SUS and carbon steel combination, carbon steels for machine structural purposes, frame for movement steel alloy, heat resisting steel, tool steel, spring steel, cast iron, easily machining steel, bearing steel, general processing steel, steels for pressure vessel use material, titanium, light metals such as aluminium etc., light metal alloy etc.In addition, also go for being used for automobile zinc-plated grade carrying out the surface-treated high-tensile steel also go for carrying out the surface-treated bolt.

Here, for utilizing the joint that is pressed into to describe with the joint of above-mentioned bolt 72 on above-mentioned panel 78.This is pressed into joint, as shown in figure 23, utilizes the anchor clamps with chromium counterdie 84 made of copper and patrix 86, and the wide diameter portion 76 of above-mentioned bolt 72 is joined on the panel 78 as mother metal.On the central portion of the patrix 86 of these anchor clamps, the hole portion 88 of the above-mentioned bolt 72 of tight maintenance is set, in addition, counterdie 84, patrix 86 have the function as electrode respectively.

The hole portion 88 of above-mentioned patrix 86 is adjacent on the upper surface part and side surface part of bolt 72, in the hope of reducing resistance.In the central authorities of above-mentioned counterdie 84, the hole portion 87 that the axial region 74 of bolt 72 is charged into is set also.In addition, be in contact with one another in order to prevent electrode, the lower end part of the hole portion 88 of patrix 86 leans on last position slightly in the back side 75 of leaving bolt 72.In addition, above-mentioned patrix 86 also can use under the smooth state of hole portion 88 not having.

As shown in figure 23, between the hole portion 80 of wide diameter portion 76 and panel 78, what form regulation is pressed into surplus (d).This is pressed into surplus (d) is size (diameter of the diameter of d=wide diameter portion 76-hole portion 80) with respect to diameter, for radius, becomes (d/2).In order to ensure the above-mentioned surplus that is pressed into, the diameter of the hole portion 80 of panel 78 is made diameter greater than the axial region 74 of bolt 72, can insert perforation, and, less than the diameter of the wide diameter portion 76 of bolt 72.As the condition that is pressed into joint, at the bolt of M8 specification, the 780N/mm of thickness of slab 2.8mm ²The situation of high-tensile steel under, impressed current is 16kA, moulding pressure is 2kN.Make that this moulding pressure is to liken the low pressure of stress into the panel 78 of mother metal (, prevent wide diameter portion from charging into the resistance of the hole portion of panel) to here.Thereby, above the moment of softening the stress that reduces, be pressed into beginning owing to panel from this moulding pressure.

Be pressed in the example of operation at this, below above-mentioned, on 84 the upper surface, bolt 72 remained in the hole portion 88 of patrix 86 above-mentioned panel 78 mountings, this bolt 72 is descended with patrix 86.Then, make the axial region 74 of bolt 72 protrude in the hole portion 80 of panel 78 and descend, under the edge part state of contact of the bottom of wide diameter portion 76 and hole portion 80, position.Secondly, load pushing patrix 86 with certain moulding pressure, afterwards (after about 1 second) engage electric current via counterdie 84 and patrix 86 passing between bolt 72 and the panel 78.

Like this, in the time of with the generation resistance heat, wide diameter portion 76 is to the beginning that is pressed into of hole portion 80, and this wide diameter portion 76 moves by vertical decline in the one of the hole of panel 78.Then, the leading section of wide diameter portion 76 arrives the centre position of hole portion 80, and simultaneously, the back side portion 75 (bearing-surface) of the head 73 of bolt 72 is adjacent on the surface of panel 78.By this manufacturing process, obtain the parts that are pressed into connected structure that constitute by bolt 72 and panel 78.The whole circumference that this connected structure becomes the wide diameter portion 76 of bolt 72 joins engaging in full week in the hole portion 80 of panel 78 to.In addition, the timing in above-mentioned each operation and the transfer between the operation are regularly controlled with the time.

Using carbon equivalent under the situation of the high tensile steel more than 0.35 for bolt 72 and panel 78, utilize according to this form of implementation be pressed into bonding method the time, owing to be pressed into the chilling effect behind the joint, sometimes in junction surface and heat affected zone generation martensitic structure.Because this metal structure is stone, crisp, so junction surface toughness has problems.As the means that prevent this problem, be right after after being pressed into the joint operation, utilize same joining jig to lead to a secondary current, the junction surface energising is made it overheated, be effective with this part annealing.By this tempering energising, above-mentioned martensite becomes tempered martensite, at the junction surface, recovers toughness.

In addition, can adopt above-mentioned be pressed into operation before, add in advance joint method with the preheating procedure (preheating mode) of bolt 72 and panel 78 heating.The purpose of this preheating is the chilling at the junction surface after preventing to engage, and suppresses martensitic generation.This preheating procedure before above-mentioned being pressed into of beginning, is compared during with above-mentioned being pressed into, and forces down electrical current (preheat curent about 1/2 when being pressed into), switches on making under two member state of contact.In this preheating procedure, with above-mentioned to be pressed into operation same, patrix 86 is descended, under the state of the EDGE CONTACT of the bottom of wide diameter portion 76 and hole portion 80, pass to preheat curent.Here, owing to its objective is with bolt 72, panel 78 preheatings as engagement member, so, make the temperature of two members rise to the softening state in junction surface of two members.After this preheating procedure, increase electrical current immediately, transfer to the above-mentioned operation that is pressed into.

Be pressed in the operation above-mentioned, with resistance heat takes place the time, bolt 72 be pressed into beginning, wide diameter portion 76 descends mobile the hole of panel 78 one 80 in.In this case, scraping action takes place flowing through on the joint interface of member, the manufacturing process that produces by the attenuate pull and stretch is pressed into joint.Then, be pressed into joint with certain moulding pressure, certain decrease speed, the instantaneous heating in junction surface is pressed into joint with bolt 72 at short notice, and the back side portion 75 of bolt 72 contacts with the surface of panel 78, finishes joint.Then, the wide diameter portion 76 of bolt 72 and the hole portion 80 of panel engage under the state of the joint interface of between formation Solid-phase welding.According to according to welding, on the composition surface, obtain the clean Surface tissue, thereby engage well, obtain high bond strength.

Then, because along with the progress that is pressed into, engaging facial bonding area increases, on the contrary, the difference of interfacial area reduces, so resistance descends, the result is that the resistance that is produced reduces, and engages facial temperature and reduces.Engage the engagement state of generation by above-mentioned Ah having people, arrive and be accompanied by owing to be pressed into the Solid-phase welding of the plastic deformation (thermoplasticity) that causes.Then, be pressed into end, by cooling, the hardness of the mother metal at junction surface is recovered, and engages securely.Thereby, owing between the hole portion 80 of bolt 72 and panel 78, engaged by intermetallic, so, obtain sealing completely.Here, be pressed in the joint, following the process of pressurization → switch on → be pressed into → cool off above-mentioned.In addition, the burr that above-mentioned scraping produces is received in the above-mentioned burr accommodation section 79, and by this, the back side portion 75 of bolt 72 is adjacent on the surface of sheet material 78, obtains the parts of the good connected structure of quality.

Here, describe for above-mentioned test and the result thereof who is pressed into joint in company.In this test,, utilize high-tensile steel (the tensile strength 780N/mm of thickness of slab (t) 2.8mm as panel 78 ²).In addition, order is pressed into surplus (d) is 0.3mm for diameter.Bolt 72 utilizes the bolt of the size of M8 specification, makes the external diameter of this wide diameter portion 76 be roughly 11mm, and the projecting height size (h) of wide diameter portion 76 is 2.5mm.In addition, bond strength utilizes according to JIS standard (B1196) and is pressed into peel strength and measures.Result of the test is that peel strength is 10.2kN, obtains good intensity.Incidentally, the M8 bolt in JIS standard (B1196) is pressed into peel strength (kN) for 6.24kN.

In above-mentioned company, in the test, make the above-mentioned surplus (d) that is pressed into, still, confirm in the test in company that this is pressed into surplus (d) in 0.2mm to the 0.6mm scope of (preferably, 0.3mm to 0.5mm), can obtain good result for 0.3mm.When this was pressed into surplus d and is the 0.1mm left and right sides, the cutting output that is pressed into surplus when being pressed into was few, engaged unstablely, in addition, had been pressed into surplus d when 0.6mm is above, increased by being pressed into the cutting output that surplus causes, produced accurately machined inhomogeneous.

In the structure of automobile etc.,,, adopt the parts that steel plate (using the steel plate of thickness of slab 1.2mm～2.3mm mostly) is shaped as main member for skeleton organization or vehicle body etc.As this main member, adopt above-mentioned bolt 72 is fixed to parts on the panel 78.As shown in figure 24, engage the face 78 of above-mentioned bolt 72, assembled, be used for fastening by nut 89 purposes such as other structure member 90 are fixed thereon as the critical piece of the structures such as vehicle frame that constitute automobile.

Thereby, according to the joint that is pressed into of above-mentioned form of implementation,, and engage rapidly only with the simple operation that is pressed into and switches on, easy to manufacture, the economy excellence.In addition, being cleaned of joint interface engages well, excellent strength, in addition, engage the welding that becomes solid state shape owing to make, so, following effect had, that is, the heat affecting that gives mother metal is few, guarantees high-precision joint, obtains the good high-quality goods of fine finishining precision.In addition, be pressed in the joint, because the bearing-surface of bolt head is adjacent on the panel face, so it is routed etc. that this part can be out of shape, be collapsed, and prevents the loosening of screw at this.In addition, be pressed in the joint, can as projection welding welding, the sputter thing do not take place, needn't worry that the screw thread that sputter thing, oxide cause is bad, intensity reduction, failure welding etc., can guarantee good quality at this.

In addition, be pressed in the joint, owing on whole circumference, engage fully,, also can not reduce because of the sealing that use the vibration that causes for a long time, peel off etc. caused so can guarantee sealing, the air-tightness at junction surface above-mentioned.In the projection welding welding of prior art, structurally be difficult to guarantee this air-tightness, in order to ensure air-tightness, be necessary to seal in addition.In addition, be pressed in the joint,,, automatically position, and the center be consistent accurately with the center of hole portion, so the positional precision of bolt is good owing to make bolt charge into the structure of hole portion for the positional precision of bolt this.

And then, even use as mother metal under the situation of high tensile steel, also can carry out firm joint, obtain and the same intensity of mild steel plate.In addition, because the above-mentioned joint that is pressed into engages solid phase, so different with the situations such as arc welding of junction surface fusion, hydrogen can not invade the junction surface.Therefore, be pressed in the joint at this, hydrogen can not invaded in the bolt of the panel of high-tensile steel or high tension steel, eliminates the trouble that is caused by the hydrogen in the steel of delayed fracture, stress rupture, hydrogen brittleness etc., can use high-tension material securely.

Even under the situation of using galvanized steel plain sheet, this is pressed into bonding method, because it is few to enter the zinc of junction, by scraping action the junction surface is purified, so, the fluctuating of bond strength is little, obtain good bond strength, in addition, because electrode does not contact and contacts with the zinc of low temperature with the zinc of fusing, so export license is little.In addition, under the thicker situation of the thickness ratio of panel, join hole portion to by bolt is pressed into along vertical direction, automatically correct, improve the right angle precision of bolt and panel, in addition, positional precision is good.

In addition, in order to be easy to processing etc., circle is made in the cross section of the hole portion 80 of the wide diameter portion 76 of above-mentioned bolt 72 and panel 78, still, other shape for example, also can be ellipse, hexagon etc., by making both make similar shapes, the above-mentioned joint that is pressed into that slows down obtains and above-mentioned same effect.

Secondly, describe for dump bolt according to other form of implementation.As shown in figure 25, be used for the bolt 92 of this form of implementation,, on periphery, form a plurality of convex strip portions 95 as wide diameter portion 96.This bolt 92 is cut into four positions of the outer radius portion of the above-mentioned wide diameter portion 76 of above-mentioned bolt 72 smooth, consequently, on the position at equally spaced four positions, forms the convex strip portions 95 towards above-below direction.Thereby when being pressed into, above-mentioned convex strip portions 95 partly joins on the wall of hole portion 80 of panel 78.Therefore, this connected structure, the part that a plurality of parts that become the wide diameter portion 96 of bolt 92 join in the hole portion 80 of panel 78 engages.Engage the bolt and the panel material of usefulness according to being pressed into of this form of implementation, identical with above-mentioned form of implementation.

This basic joint operation that is pressed into joint, identical with above-mentioned whole circumference joint, still, its difference is, diminishes owing to flow through the area of member contact, so, resistance during energising increases, even reduce the current value when switching on, also can obtain necessary resistance heat.Between the hole portion 80 of the wide diameter portion 96 of above-mentioned bolt 92 and panel 78, form the surplus that is pressed in the scope of 0.2mm to 1.0mm (preferably 0.3mm to 0.7mm) for diameter.

When engaging, to above-mentioned counterdie 84, on the other hand, the patrixes 86 that bolt 92 embeddings are installed in the hole portion 88 are descended with bolt 92 above-mentioned panel 78 mountings.Then, load pushing patrix 86, and then between bolt 92 and panel 78, switch on via counterdie 84 and patrix 86 with certain moulding pressure.Like this, when resistance heat takes place, begin being pressed into of wide diameter portion 96, convex strip portions 95 descends in the hole of panel 78 one 80 and moves, and the leading section of wide diameter portion 96 arrives the centre position of the hole portion 80 of panel 78.In this case, on the joint interface of convex strip portions 95 and the inwall of the hole portion 80 of panel 78, produce scraping action, carry out being pressed into joint by what ironing caused.By this manufacturing process, obtain the member that is pressed into connected structure that bolt 92 and panel 78 constitute.

Other form as above-mentioned part joint, the external diameter of the wide diameter portion 96 of bolt 92 is made circle, on the other hand, with the interior perimembranous of the hole portion 80 of panel 78 at a plurality of part upper cuts, form the position that a plurality of and above-mentioned wide diameter portion 96 engages, for this structure, also can obtain to engage same effect with above-mentioned part.According in being pressed into of this form of implementation, if the hole portion of the wide diameter portion of bolt and panel, the part that is in contact with one another at them has the relation of similar shapes, just both can be pressed into joint.

Thereby,,, and make the economy excellence rapidly and easily only by being pressed into and switching on simple operation according to the joint that is pressed into of above-mentioned form of implementation forfeiture.In addition, favorable mechanical engages, and excellent strength in addition, engages the welding that becomes solid state shape owing to make, so, have and guarantee high-precision joint, the good effect of fine finishining precision.And then, even use at mother metal under the situation of high-tensile steel, also can engage securely, obtain and the same intensity of mild steel plate, in addition, the trouble that causes by the hydrogen in the steel of delayed fracture, stress rupture, hydrogen brittleness etc. can be eliminated, high-tension material can be used securely.Even under the situation of using galvanized steel plain sheet, also can obtain good bond strength.

Claims (18)

1. one kind is pressed into the connecting elements that engages usefulness, it is characterized in that, described connecting elements has protuberance, this protuberance forms with the threaded portion and with the diameter bigger than this threaded portion highlightedly from base portion, be pressed into by being accompanied by resistance heat, solid phase joins the hole portion that is arranged on the sheet material to, and this protuberance forms with the cross section of this hole portion similar shape and is provided with the surplus that is pressed into of regulation.

2. one kind is pressed into connected structure, and this is pressed into connected structure is the sheet material and the connected structure with described connecting elements of claim 1 of the above-mentioned protuberance that joins this hole portion to that is provided with hole portion in the position of regulation, it is characterized in that,

Keep above-mentioned sheet material with an electrode, on the other hand, keep above-mentioned connecting elements with another electrode, between described two members, switch on, make and locate to have a resistance heat in both junctions, simultaneously, by being pressed into, one side forms joint interface and simultaneously engages between above-mentioned two members, and makes this joint become the joint of solid state shape.

3. one kind is pressed into to engage and use nut, it is characterized in that the described nut that is pressed into joint usefulness comprises: base portion; Connect the screwed hole of the central part of this base portion; And protuberance, described protuberance is given prominence to formation with being tubular, is pressed into by being accompanied by resistance heat from the periphery of this screwed hole, engage with the hole portion solid phase on being arranged on sheet material, and form and the cross section of this hole portion similar shape, and the surplus that is pressed into of regulation is set.

4. the joint that is pressed into as claimed in claim 3 is used nut, it is characterized in that portion is provided with the burr accommodation section at the back side of above-mentioned base portion, and described burr accommodation section forms with the state that surrounds above-mentioned protuberance, is made of the ring-type slot part.

5. one kind is pressed into the nut that engages usefulness, it is characterized in that, comprising: the base portion that screwed hole is set at central part; Flange part, described flange part is integrally formed at the back of the body facing side and the base portion of this base portion, and the hole portion that is connected with above-mentioned screwed hole is set in central authorities; And protuberance, described protuberance is given prominence to formation from the periphery of the hole portion of this flange part with being tubular, is pressed into by being accompanied by resistance heat, and solid phase joins the hole portion that is arranged on the sheet material to, and form and the cross section of this hole portion similar shape, and the surplus that is pressed into of regulation is set.

6. the nut that engages usefulness that is pressed into as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the burr accommodation section of the groove shape that surrounds above-mentioned protuberance is set in the back side of above-mentioned flange part portion.

7. as claim 5 or the 6 described nuts that engage usefulness that are pressed into, it is characterized in that the thickness of slab that makes the outboard end of above-mentioned flange part is about 1.0mm, and, the whole bearing-surface in the portion of the back side of flange part is formed the concave spherical surface shape.

8. any one described nut that engages usefulness that is pressed in the claim 3 to 7 is characterized in that, the wall thickness of the tube of above-mentioned protuberance is formed more than the 1.0mm, and, make in the scope of size about 0.5mm to 2.0mm of projecting height of this protuberance.

9. one kind is pressed into connected structure, be to have the connected structure that the sheet material of hole portion is set in the position of regulation and has any one described nut in the claim 3 to 8 of the above-mentioned protuberance that is engaged in this hole portion, it is characterized in that, utilize an electrode to keep above-mentioned sheet material, on the other hand, keep above-mentioned nut with another electrode, between these two members, switch on, make the heat that has a resistance in both junctions, simultaneously, simultaneously engage by being pressed into one side formation joint interface between above-mentioned two members, and make this joint become the joint of solid state shape.

10. the connected structure that is pressed into as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, for above-mentioned sheet material, uses high tensile steel or carries out the surface-treated steel.

11. as claim 9 or the 10 described connected structures that are pressed into, it is characterized in that, make the thickness of slab of size and above-mentioned sheet material of projecting height of above-mentioned protuberance identical or less than this thickness of slab.

12. one kind is pressed into to engage and uses bolt, it is characterized in that, in bolt with head and the axial region that is provided with thread groove, between above-mentioned head and axial region, form the diameter wide diameter portion thicker than axial region, the surplus that is pressed into of regulation is set between the hole portion and this wide diameter portion that are arranged on the panel, between is switched on, be pressed into by being accompanied by resistance heat, above-mentioned wide diameter portion solid phase is engaged in above-mentioned hole portion.

13. the bolt that engages usefulness that is pressed into as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, with the diameter of above-mentioned wide diameter portion form more than the big 1mm of diameter than above-mentioned axial region, and, make in the scope of size about 1mm to 5mm of height of above-mentioned wide diameter portion.

14. as claim 12 or the 13 described bolts that engage usefulness that are pressed into, it is characterized in that, the burr accommodation section of the groove shape that surrounds above-mentioned wide diameter portion be set in the back side of above-mentioned head portion.

15. as any one described bolt that engages usefulness that is pressed in the claim 12 to 14, it is characterized in that, utilize high tensile steel as structural material.

16. one kind is pressed into connected structure, is the panel and the connected structure as any one described bolt in the claim 12 to 15 with the above-mentioned wide diameter portion that is engaged in this hole portion that hole portion is set in the position of regulation, it is characterized in that,

Keep above-mentioned panel with an electrode, on the other hand, utilize another electrode to keep above-mentioned bolt, energising is with the heat that has a resistance of the junction at both between these two members, simultaneously, by being pressed into, one side forms joint interface between above-mentioned two members, one side engages, and makes the joint of this joint for solid state shape.

17. the connected structure that is pressed into as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, the height dimension of above-mentioned wide diameter portion forms identically with the thickness of slab of above-mentioned panel or less than this thickness of slab.

18. as claim 16 or the 17 described connected structures that are pressed into, it is characterized in that,, use high tensile steel or carried out the surface-treated steel for above-mentioned panel.

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