Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of inwall to have the manufacturing equipment of the copper pipe of little groove structure, makes the copper pipe that obtains and has preferable heat transfer property, improves the deficiency of existing copper inside pipe wall structure, reduces the production cost that inwall has the copper pipe of little groove structure.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the method for utilizing the said equipment to make little groove.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of manufacturing equipment of little groove, comprise fixed axis, turning cylinder, support, integral cutter and positioning module, integral cutter is positioned at processed copper pipe, processed copper pipe is positioned at fixed axis, fixed axis is positioned at turning cylinder, turning cylinder is positioned at support, is connected by bearing arrangement between fixed axis and turning cylinder, turning cylinder and the support; Be positioned at processed copper pipe integral cutter and be arranged on spinning device place; The positioning module that has oilhole and labyrinth sealing mechanism is installed on the fixed axis top, and the spinning device of band labyrinth sealing mechanism is installed on the turning cylinder top by flange; The sizing die of band labyrinth sealing mechanism is positioned at spinning device front end; The spinning device of described band labyrinth sealing mechanism comprises the sliding die of spinning ball retainer, spinning ball, band labyrinth sealing mechanism and the fixed die of band labyrinth sealing mechanism; Described positioning module is connected with fixed die, sliding die is connected with fixed die with sizing die respectively, positioning module, fixed die, sliding die, sizing die and copper pipe are formed the airtight cavity that can feed fluid, the spinning ball retainer that has the spinning ball is arranged in airtight cavity, retainer has breach near the copper pipe end, be convenient to spinning ball extruding copper pipe, fixed die and sliding die are provided with ramp structure, limit the position of spinning ball retainer.
Described integral cutter comprises tool bodies, knife bar; Described tool bodies is by the shaft shoulder position of nut check at knife bar, and tool bodies places position, copper pipe spinning part deformed area.
The profile of tooth of described tool bodies is a monoblock type rectangle straight-tooth, and diameter is φ 3~φ 6, and the number of teeth is 30~70, and tooth depth is 0.1~0.25mm, and the facewidth is 0.10~0.20mm.
A kind of method of making little groove comprises the steps:
(1) installation, location, precommpression: copper pipe one end steps up by the work piece holder on the workbench, the other end is unsettled, make cutter pass copper pipe, be positioned to copper pipe rotary pressure deformation zone position, work piece holder pulling copper pipe axially moves on guide rail, copper pipe is passed positioning module carry out axial location, simultaneously copper pipe is pre-compressed to certain diameter, for subsequent step is prepared;
(2) spinning: precompressed copper pipe is passed the spinning device, and the spinning ball spinning copper pipe in the spinning device produces a plastically deforming area, makes the copper pipe internal diameter narrow down to the expectation size;
(3) little groove is shaped: in above-mentioned spinning step was carried out, when the internal diameter of copper pipe dwindled, the spinning ball rotated the spinning copper pipe at a high speed, produced squeezing action in deformed area and tool bodies, made the copper pipe inner surface produce plastic deformation, thereby processed little groove;
(4) shaping: copper pipe can produce resilience behind rotary press modelling, and through the sizing die shaping, its process is that the copper pipe that will produce resilience passes sizing die copper pipe, and the copper pipe of sizing die extruding resilience is eliminated resilience stress, finishes shaping.
Described step (2) and step (3) spinning process are the high pressure Oil-Filled Spinning, fluid enters in the cavity of being made up of positioning module, spinning device, sizing die and copper pipe by the oilhole on the described positioning module, the spinning device is rotation at a high speed under turning cylinder drives, high-voltage oil liquid between spinning ball and the copper pipe, forming one deck hydraulic oil mould between spinning ball and the fixed die and between spinning ball and sliding die, all be non-contacting between spinning ball and copper pipe, fixed die and the sliding die, the spinning force of spinning ball spinning copper pipe passes on the copper pipe by oily mould.
The principle of the invention: the manufacturing equipment of the little groove of copper pipe inwall mainly is made up of three parts, and the one, the spinning apparatus of forming by positioning module, spinning device, sizing die; The 2nd, transmission of power and fixture that the rotary pressing processing of being made up of fixed axis, turning cylinder and support etc. is commonly used; The 3rd, be positioned at the integral cutter of processed copper pipe.Wherein processed copper pipe is positioned at fixed axis, and fixed axis is positioned at turning cylinder, and turning cylinder is positioned at support, is connected by bearing arrangement between fixed axis, turning cylinder and the support; Positioning module is connected with fixed axis, and the spinning device is connected with turning cylinder, makes the spinning device insert power, produces rotation and extruding, and integral cutter cooperates with spinning apparatus and processes the little groove of copper pipe inwall.
Have following characteristics with respect to prior art the present invention:
(1) compare with sintering process, this equipment processing technology is simple, processing ease.
(2) insert metal knitted network process with body and compare, the processing method of this equipment is easily with reliable, and heat transfer property is good.
(3) adopt present device, the copper pipe weight that has little groove structure of making by spinning process is lighter, and little groove structure is reliable, and is not fragile, and the copper pipe quality that processing obtains is good, and machining property is good, and the working (machining) efficiency height is realized automation easily.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of manufacturing equipment of little groove comprises fixed axis 6, turning cylinder 7, support 8, integral cutter 4, positioning module 1, spinning device 2 and sizing die 3.Integral cutter 4 is positioned at processed copper pipe 5, and processed copper pipe 5 is positioned at fixed axis 6, and fixed axis 6 is positioned at turning cylinder 7, and turning cylinder 7 is positioned at support 8, is connected by bearing arrangement between fixed axis 6, turning cylinder 7 and the support 8.The integral cutter 4 that is positioned at processed copper pipe 5 is arranged on spinning device 2 places; The positioning module 1 that has oilhole 11 and labyrinth sealing mechanism is installed in by being threaded on fixed axis 6 tops, the spinning device 2 of band labyrinth sealing mechanism by screw be installed on turning cylinder 7 tops after flange 9 is connected; The sizing die 3 of band labyrinth sealing mechanism is positioned at spinning device 2 front ends; Spinning device 2 comprises the sliding die 23 of spinning ball retainer 24, spinning ball 22, band labyrinth sealing mechanism and the fixed die 21 of band labyrinth sealing mechanism; Positioning module 1 is connected with fixed die 21, sliding die 23 is connected with fixed die 21 with sizing die 3 respectively, positioning module 1, fixed die 21, sliding die 23, sizing die 3 and copper pipe 5 are formed the airtight cavity that can feed fluid, the spinning ball retainer 24 that has spinning ball 22 is arranged in airtight cavity, spinning ball retainer 24 has breach near the copper pipe end, be convenient to spinning ball 22 extruding copper pipes, fixed die 21 and sliding die 23 are provided with ramp structure, and the spinning ball rolls on these two inclined-planes and defines the position of spinning ball retainer 24.
Spinning device 2 is groundwork parts of present device, mainly is made up of fixed die 21, spinning ball 22, sliding die 23 and spinning ball retainer 24, and sliding die 23 and fixed die 21 are interference fit.Wherein on fixed die 21 and the sliding die 23 labyrinth sealing mechanism is arranged respectively, to match with labyrinth sealing mechanism on positioning module 1 and the sizing die 3.Fixed die 21 for fixed die for sliding die 23, it is not motionless when being work, on the contrary, during work, it all does at a high speed rotation together with sliding die 23, spinning ball 22 and spinning ball retainer 24, because can axially move and promote spinning ball 22 and do radial motion by reconciling sliding die 23, and then reconciles the diameter of spinning ball spinning copper pipe, we can say that sliding die 23 is to slide in the chamber of fixed die 21, so claim 21 to be fixed die.
Fig. 2 represents the position of cutter 4 in copper pipe 5 in the process.As shown in the figure, copper pipe 5 passes positioning module 1 and enters spinning device 2, and spinning ball 22 spinning copper pipes 5 produce plastically deforming area 52 (see figure 5)s, and tool bodies 42 promptly is positioned at this deformed area and the close face 22A that is made up of the spinning ball 22 summit 22B that contact with copper pipe 5.
Fig. 3 is the positioning module structure chart in the present device.Positioning module 1 is provided with oilhole 11, and high-voltage oil liquid enters from oilhole 11 during work.Labyrinth sealing mechanism 12 with spinning device 2 on fixed die 21 on labyrinth sealing mechanism match, high-voltage oil liquid enters the gap between the two, forms the sealing of hydraulic oil mould.The major function of positioning module 1 is to be used for location and precommpression copper pipe 5, and plays the effect of supporting copper pipe 5, and its working portion width h1 should not be oversize, between 0.5~1mm, with reduce to locate with the precommpression course of work in frictional force.
Fig. 4 is the sizing die structure chart in the present device.The structural difference of it and positioning module 1 is little, also have labyrinth sealing mechanism 31 with spinning device 2 on sliding die 23 on labyrinth sealing mechanism match, difference is do not have oilhole on the sizing die 3, and its internal diameter is also smaller than the internal diameter of positioning module 1.The major function of sizing die 3 is to be used for the copper pipe of shaping mould pressing, the resilience stress that produces during with elimination spinning prevents the copper pipe redeformation, and plays the effect of supporting copper pipe 5, described shaping is passed sizing die with copper pipe exactly, and the sizing die big copper pipe that will rise is expressed to original diameter again.Equally, its working portion width h2 is unsuitable oversize, between 0.5~1mm, to reduce the frictional force in the shaping process.
A kind of method of making little groove comprises the steps:
(1) installation, location, precommpression: copper pipe 5 one ends step up by the work piece holder on the workbench, the other end is unsettled, make cutter 4 pass copper pipe 5, be positioned to 52 positions, copper pipe rotary pressure deformation district, work piece holder pulling copper pipe 5 axially moves on guide rail, copper pipe 5 is passed positioning module 1 carry out axial location, simultaneously copper pipe is pre-compressed to certain diameter, for subsequent step is prepared;
(2) spinning: precompressed copper pipe is passed spinning device 2, and the spinning ball 42 spinning copper pipes in the spinning device produce a plastically deforming area, make copper pipe 5 internal diameters narrow down to the expectation size;
(3) little groove is shaped: in above-mentioned spinning step was carried out, when the internal diameter of copper pipe 5 dwindled, spinning ball 22 rotated spinning copper pipe 5 at a high speed, produced squeezing action in deformed area and tool bodies 42, made copper pipe 5 inner surfaces produce plastic deformation, thereby processed little groove;
(4) shaping: copper pipe 5 can produce resilience behind rotary press modelling, and through sizing die 3 shapings, its process is that the copper pipe 5 that will produce resilience passes sizing die 3 copper pipe 5, and the copper pipe 5 of sizing die 3 extruding resiliences is eliminated resilience stress, finishes shaping.
Specifically, during work, fluid enters by positioning module 1 through the oilhole 11 on the positioning module 1, spinning device 2, in the cavity that sizing die 3 and copper pipe 5 form, the high speed rotation of spinning device 2 drives the also rotation at a high speed of high-voltage oil liquid in the cavity, at this moment, between spinning ball 22 and copper pipe 5, between the fixed die 21 on spinning ball 22 and the spinning device 2, form one deck high pressure oil reservoir as thin as a wafer between the sliding die 23 on spinning ball 22 and the spinning device 2, be in the course of work, spinning ball 22 and copper pipe 5, fixed die 21 and sliding die 23 are noncontacts, the power of spinning ball 22 spinning copper pipes 5 is delivered to above the copper pipe 5 by the high pressure oil reservoir, so not only can significantly reduce spinning ball 22 and copper pipe 5 in the spinning process, frictional force between fixed die 21 and the sliding die 23, and can improve the surface quality of copper pipe 5 greatly.
The axial location of tool bodies 42 is determined by knife bar 43 length.Tool bodies 42 positions need to remain unchanged in process; The little groove dimensions and the shape that process as required, determine the position relation (comprise radially with axial dimensional relationships) of tool bodies 42 and spinning ball 22, the profile of tooth of tool bodies, the number of teeth and other geometric parameter, select corresponding axially drawing speed, spinning ball rotating speed, copper pipe 5 and tool bodies 42 are done relative motion under the effect of spinning ball 22, produce plastic deformation in the part, and then process big depth-to-width ratio and uniform groove.Entire work process need could improve by the quality of drawing copper pipe 5 under positioning module 1, spinning device 2 and sizing die 3 threes' cooperatively interacting, and whole little groove forming process is seen shown in Figure 5, and wherein, A is the direction of motion of copper pipe 5.As seen from Figure 5, the formation that inner surface has the copper pipe of little groove structure can be divided into three parts, four processing districts, promptly pass through the precompression section 51 after positioning module 1 precommpression, spinning ball spinning copper pipe crushed element and little groove shaped portion 52, little groove is shaped portion and copper pipe shaping unit 53; Wherein, precompression section 51 is for treating the rotary pressing processing district, little groove shaped portion 52 can be divided into the little groove of copper pipe crushed element again just in the processing district 55 and the little groove of copper pipe crushed element district 54 to be processed, and copper pipe shaping unit 53 is the copper pipe shaping processing district of little groove that has been shaped.
The essence of little groove forming process is the local plastic deformation processes of copper pipe 5 inwall metals under the continuous drawing-squeezing action of tool bodies 42, spinning ball 22 and axial tension.In whole process, the inwall metal is subjected to complicated extruding force and pulling capacity, also be subjected to the circumferential frictional force that spinning ball 22 produces in the spinning process in addition, so this plastic history is quite complicated, the groove forming process mainly contains two stages, the one, squeeze out little groove earlier by cutter 42, under the effect of pulling capacity and spinning force and frictional force, further be shaped then.
In the processing, the internal diameter and the spinning amount of the external diameter of tool bodies 42 and copper pipe 5 must be consistent, and could guarantee to pull out desirable little groove like this.The spinning amount of geometry, spinning ball 22 by control tool bodies 42 can obtain multiple shape, the good little groove structure of heat transfer property with parameters such as the internal diameter size of spinning speed, positioning module 1 and sizing die 3 and drawing workbench drawing speeies.
Process with rectangular channel is an example below, and design obtains the geometric parameter of cutter.As shown in Figure 6, to have the copper pipe parameter of the little groove structure of rectangle as follows for the inwall that requires to obtain:
Copper pipe is outer through D 6mm;
Copper pipe residual wall thickness t 0.3mm;
60 of little groove number n;
Little groove nominal depth hp 0.15mm;
Little groove is tg 0.1mm at interval;
The tool bodies that obtains according to parameter of structure design design as shown in Figure 7, its parameter is as follows:
Cutter outside diameter d Φ 5.6mm;
Cutter number of teeth n
d60;
Gullet depth h
d0.23mm;
Facewidth h 0.19mm;
Groove width t
d0.1mm;
Tool case hardness HRC58-62.
Choosing copper pipe parent tube parameter is:
Copper pipe parent tube outer diameter D
0φ 7.0mm;
Copper pipe wall thickness t
00.42mm.
Draw by reality processing and test, it is superior in quality to make the copper pipe surface that obtains, and the quality of little groove has bigger improvement than little groove that other method manufacturing obtains, and copper pipe has preferable heat transfer property.