CN1973133A

CN1973133A - Fluid-working machine with displacement control

Info

Publication number: CN1973133A
Application number: CNA2005800141827A
Authority: CN
Inventors: N·J·卡尔德维尔; W·H·S·瑞普恩; U·B·P·斯坦
Original assignee: Artemis Intelligent Power Ltd
Current assignee: Artemis Intelligent Power Ltd
Priority date: 2004-03-31
Filing date: 2005-03-31
Publication date: 2007-05-30
Anticipated expiration: 2025-03-31
Also published as: WO2005095800A1; JP2007530865A; US20070258832A1; DE602005021087D1; EP1738077B1; GB0407297D0; CN100587269C; ATE467049T1; EP1738077A1

Abstract

A fluid-working machine has working chambers (4), each of which is connected to a fluid commutating means (2) which alternately connects the working chamber to either of two fluid manifolds (A, B). An electronically controlled valve (1) is inserted into the flow path between each chamber (4) and the commutating means. This valve is commanded by a controller (6) receiving an input signal of the phase angle of the shaft (5) of the machine or at least one electronic pulse per revolution which informs the controller that the shaft is passing a known phase angle. The valve (1) allows overriding of fixed mechanical commutation by closing the valve cyclically, synchronised with the angular position of the shaft (5). Thus the controller (6) is able to vary the time-averaged fluid flow into or out of the machine by varying the proportion of chambers (4) which are isolated from or connected to the mechanical commutating means (2), to control the torque, speed, and/or fluid flow into and out of the machine.

Description

The fluid-working machine that has discharge capacity control

Background technique

The present invention relates to a kind of fluid-working machine.Flow and be the motion in four quadrants the average time of fluid in the operation of machinery.The present invention can be applicable to any machinery with the active chamber that alternately expands and shrink, no matter be to be to be synchronized with the expansion in chamber and to shrink the thrust plate of recurrent state by rotation by piston and cylinder, blade, lug or gear and with the main method that fluid feeds active chamber, its alternately with high pressure and then the low-pressure fluid house steward be connected to each active chamber.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of fluid operating apparatus as claimed in claim 1.Valve is inserted in fluid between communication apparatus and each active chamber and allows each active chamber to isolate from communication apparatus in connecting.Moved under idle condition by the chamber that valve is isolated by this way, useful fluid merit is not made in the chamber thus, and has therefore reduced the displacement of mechanical revolution.In simple embodiment, this valve can control by machinery, allows is mechanically reducing to move under the displacement model when needs, for example, moves under high speed.This machinery control can be automatically, for example reduces mechanical displacement more than the limit when rotational speed is increased to.Preferably valve is controlled separately by electronic signal, allows each chamber to isolate according to the instruction of electronic controller.Preferably sort controller has the input signal of position of the axle of machinery, makes that time that valve activates is phasing with respect to the position of axle, makes each chamber isolate from commutator according to stroke one by one.Preferred and the optional feature of machinery is illustrated in independent claims.

Description of drawings

A specific embodiments of the present invention will only illustrate in the mode of example in more detail following, and with reference to accompanying drawing, its single figure is the schematic cross-section of the machinery according to the present invention.

Embodiment

Accompanying drawing shows the machinery that comprises active chamber 4, and active chamber is the form that accommodates the cylinder of the piston that is activated by crank 5.Conventional commutator dish 2 alternately is connected to chamber 4 port A or is connected to port B by toroidal cavity 10, and one of them port is a high pressure port, and another is a low-pressure port.As shown in the figure, machinery since motor with fluid at port A with the high pressure supply and sentence low pressure discharge at port B and operate, but the pressure of fluid and direction all can be overturn and the device shown in not needing to change respectively.

Enter fluid passage 3 between commutator dish and the active chamber 4 by placing the controllable effectively switch valve 1 of contacting with the commutator dish 2 of rotation, may command enters the flow of active chamber.When machine work, along with axle 5 rotations, switch valve cut out before the fluid input 2a of commutator opens, and the expansion stroke of active chamber takes place under partial vacuum then.If fluid is that liquid is as oil, because air is pulled out liquid generation bubble.Return stroke will be got back to minimum volume and make the bubble collapse owing to the chamber.Swept volume will be less than carrying out the merit exchange with fluid system when seldom amount is added merit in absorption in this process.Can connect and alternately to avoid cavitation and phenomenon of deflation by crankcase as shown in the figure by the fluid that installation is included in the safety check 4a between active chamber and the low pressure line.The active chamber that operation has the switch valve of closing will produce idle loop.

When valve 1 was shown in an open position, active chamber worked routinely, produced work cycle.Average time, flow was to realize idle loop or work cycle changes by decision on the basis in chamber one by one.Along with judgement is taked near the minimum volume state in each continuous chamber, do not consider that machinery still is the motor operation as pump.Electronic controller 6 uses revolution axle sensor 7, encoder, resolver or some similar device sensing active chamber circuit stages once.Consistent with working chamber volume, controller is by the electromagnetism facility, sometimes switch valve stayed its release opening state and sometimes it pulled on and close.Except the time selection function, the instruction of controller reading system, perhaps by analog or digital input line or bus 8, and judgement arrival minimum volume state inoperative chamber should be in work still by 1 free time of throttle down.In the embodiment shown, switch valve 1 be defaulted as open position and by pulsation closing, but might see opposite operator scheme, that is, acquiescence is closed, pulsation also has purposes to open the freewheel feature place that turns off at needs.

The controller judgement also can be made gathering way with restrictive axes power according to axle speed fully.Under this operator scheme, electronic controller will not need the external command signal and adjudicate according to the switch valve actuating that the flow speed function of pre-programmed is made in succession.

Under the automobile propulsion circuit conditions, when externally command signal is read by electronic controller, can determine judgement order limiting single flywheel slippage, to form the brake effect of the manipulation or to form the variation of the classification in the moment of torsion and Control of Automobile acceleration thus.

Claims

1. fluid-working machine that has all variable volume active chambers, described active chamber all links to each other with a fluid communication apparatus, described fluid connecting device alternately is connected to described active chamber one in two fluid main, wherein, a valve member is inserted in the stream between each chamber and the described communication apparatus.

2. fluid-working machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described valve member is electronically controlled.

3. fluid-working machine as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the controller that is used to control valve member receives phase angle input signal or at least one electronic impulse of revolution of the axle of machinery, and the described axle of described electronic impulse notification controller is just by a known phase angle.

4. fluid-working machine as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described controller is arranged to select whether to activate described valve member, when each described working chamber volume reaches its minimum value, make when described active chamber begins its expansion stroke, if desired the described relatively communication apparatus of described active chamber is isolated, then close described valve.

5. fluid-working machine as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, flow instruction before described controller is summed up with form the total displacement instruction and with its with described machinery in the effective travel contrast of identical time phase judging Displacement error, and described controller is selected or active chamber is isolated or it is activated to minimize the ongoing Displacement error that adds up.

6. fluid-working machine as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, whether described controller reads from the instruction of external signal line and judgement isolates active chamber, when their arrive minimum volume state, with one of volume displacement of governing speed, moment of torsion, volumetric flow rate, power and revolution.

7. fluid-working machine as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, when machinery quickens, increase in order to keep the at the uniform velocity level by flow or to indicate its rising to be slower than axle speed, described controller is entered a judgement and with the axle speed according to sensing active chamber is isolated, thereby, reduce the ratio of working cylinder with respect to idle cylinder according to intended function.

8. fluid-working machine as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described machinery is arranged to as engine operation, and described controller can select to close the fraction of route of the expansion stroke that enters described chamber of described valve member, so that described chamber only for a fraction of expansion stroke is connected with described communication apparatus, is the sub-fraction of the whole geometric displacements in described chamber so that drive the volume of the fluid operating of the load in the expansion stroke.

9. fluid-working machine as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described machinery is arranged to as pump work, and described controller can select to close the fraction of route of the expansion stroke that enters described chamber of described valve member, so that described chamber only is connected with described communication apparatus for a fraction of expansion stroke, so that the part of expansion stroke is made up of the partial vacuum in the described chamber of suction, so that when next retraction begins, described chamber is at once as pump and as entering the fraction of the route of retraction, thus retraction only displacement the sub-fraction of whole geometric displacements in described chamber enter described communication apparatus.

10. fluid-working machine as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described controller can be operated closing described valve member before its minimum volume state and reduce energy loss in the compressed fluid by just having arrived in described chamber, thereby remaining expansion can make the fluid that remains in the described chamber reduce pressure before low-pressure manifold is opened being communicated with valve port.