CN1960040A - High-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery, and preparation technique - Google Patents

High-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery, and preparation technique Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1960040A
CN1960040A CNA2006101223680A CN200610122368A CN1960040A CN 1960040 A CN1960040 A CN 1960040A CN A2006101223680 A CNA2006101223680 A CN A2006101223680A CN 200610122368 A CN200610122368 A CN 200610122368A CN 1960040 A CN1960040 A CN 1960040A
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battery
polymer
negative
positive
ferric phosphate
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高飞
薛建军
夏信德
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PENGHUI BATTERY CO Ltd GUANGZHOU
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PENGHUI BATTERY CO Ltd GUANGZHOU
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The dynamic battery includes shell, positive pole piece, negative pole piece, diaphragm, and electrolyte. Positive pole piece / negative pole piece are composed of afflux bodies of positive / negative poles in same size, and active materials painted on the afflux bodies respectively. Ion doped lithium iron phosphate is adopted as positive pole material, and canting pulled aluminum mesh is as afflux body of positive pole. Carbon black, graphite, and Nano Al2O3 are selected for conduction agent. Crylic acid - styrene polymer, and crylic acid - silica polymer are chosen for bonding agent of positive pole material. The invention simplifies technical procedure, paints pole pieces easily, and increases following performances greatly: conductivity, ionic diffusion capability, discharging large current, as well as apparent density and packed density.

Description

High-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery and manufacture craft thereof
Technical field
High-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery of the present invention and manufacture craft thereof belong to field of batteries, particularly relate to a kind of middle-size and small-size electric tool that is, home electronic appliance, electric bicycle, battery-operated motor cycle and electric automobile provide the lithium rechargeable battery of drive energy.
Background technology
Along with economic development and living standards of the people improve, people are more and more strong to the demand of the high capacity cell of high-energy-density, and the lithium ion battery performance is best in the available several batteries of electric tool.Lithium ion battery is different with general common acid battery, high voltage, high-energy-density are arranged, has extended cycle life, characteristics such as self-discharge rate is low.Yet for the lithium ion battery that is applied to fields such as mobile phone, notebook computer, how it is done is greatly the technical barrier of puzzlement electrokinetic cell development always.LiCoO 2It is the positive electrode that the commercialization lithium ion battery uses the earliest, because of advantages such as it is easy to synthesize, voltage platform height, specific energy are moderate, good cycle, in compact battery, be used widely, but except the restraining factors of cobalt resource, it overcharges insecurity and has also determined it not to be used widely in high capacity cell.Because LiCoO2 ion battery energy density height, under overcharge condition, battery temperature rises, energy surplus, and inner pressure of battery sharply rises and the danger that spontaneous combustion or blast take place is arranged.People expect spinelle LiMn 2O 4Can in high capacity cell, play a role with the advantage of its inexpensive and relative LiCoO2 safety, but, still fail in actual battery, extensively to promote at the solution that its capacity shortcoming low and the high temperature cyclic performance difference does not find always.The LiFePO4 positive electrode has not only been taken into account LiCoO 2, LiMn 2O 4The advantage of material, and nontoxic, environmentally friendly, the raw material source is abundant, specific capacity is high, particularly its thermally-stabilised good, security performance is superior, the outstanding advantage of good cycle, therefore is considered to become the desirable positive electrode of lithium ion battery.Following table is that all kinds battery is the performance comparison of power drive power supply:
Technical parameter Lead-acid battery Nickel-cadmium cell Ni-MH battery Lithium ion battery
Cobalt acid lithium LiFePO4
Specific discharge capacity Wh/Kg 30 45 60 110 80
Volumetric specific energy Wh/l 86 129 202 250 220
Environmental suitability Pollute Pollute Pollution-free Pollution-free Pollution-free
Fail safe Safety Safety Safety May burn or explode Safety
Cycle life
300 times 500 times 500 times 500~800 times 〉=1000 times
Though lithium iron phosphate dynamic battery has the unrivaled series of advantages of other materials, its part that also comes with some shortcomings mainly shows: 1, pure LiFePO 4Electrical conductance and ions diffusion poor performance, thereby cause the high-rate battery discharge poor performance; 2, LiFePO 4Apparent density and tap density lower, be difficult for processing, cause the coated relatively difficulty of anode sizing agent in the production process, and battery capacity is on the low side.
The content of invention
The objective of the invention is to avoid weak point of the prior art and can effectively overcome above shortcoming, provide a kind of electrical conductance and ions diffusion performance good, the high-rate battery discharge performance is good, battery capacity is big, the coating of anode sizing agent is finished easily, has simplified the high-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery and the manufacture craft thereof of dirt production. art.
The objective of the invention is to reach by following measure, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of high-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery, it comprises housing, positive plate, negative plate, barrier film, electrolyte, and wherein positive plate and negative plate are made up of the positive and negative electrode collector of same size and the active material that is coated on the positive and negative electrode collector respectively.
Anode comprises the LiFePO4 with olivine structural, conductive agent and cathode metal collector.
Positive electrode adopts the LiFePO4 Li through ion doping 1-xM xFePO 4, M is Co, Mn, Mg, Cr, Ti, Mo, Nd, Ni one of them, 0≤X≤0.1.
Plus plate current-collecting body adopts and tiltedly draws the aluminium net, and aluminium net thickness is 0.10-0.15mm.
Conductive agent is selected carbon black, graphite, nano-aluminium oxide (Al for use 2O 3), Nano Silver (Ag), nano silicon (SiO 2) in one or more mixtures.
The positive electrode binding agent is selected one or more mixtures in acrylic acid-styrene polymer, acrylic acid-silicon-oxygen polymer, cinnamic acrylic ester polymer, styrene-butadiene polymer, butadiene-acrylonitrile polymer or the acrylic polymer for use.
After positive electrode, binding agent acrylic copolymer and conductive agent are mixed into slurry, on metal collector, adopt vertical two-sided blade coating technology, coating temperature is 100-150 ℃, coating speed: 2-5 rice/minute, after the drying, forming thickness after roll-in is the pole piece of 150-250 μ, and its compacted density is 1.8-2.5g/cm 3, above-mentioned positive plate contacts with the block of battery.
The percentage by weight ratio range of anode sizing agent:
Positive electrode 67%~90%
Conductive agent 0%~13%
Acrylic polymer 5%~10%.
Battery cathode sheet comprises graphite, conductive agent and negative pole metal collector.
Negative material is selected native graphite for use, MCMB (MCMB), one or more mixtures in the polymer charcoal.
Negative current collector adopts Copper Foil.
Conductive agent is selected a kind of or mixture in carbon black, the graphite for use.
The negative material binding agent is selected a kind of or mixture in sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR) binding agent for use.
After negative material, binding agent sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR) are mixed into slurry with conductive agent, on metal collector, be coated with, after 80-150 ℃ of following drying, forming thickness after roll-in is the pole piece of 80-160 μ, its compacted density 1.3~1.8g/cm 3, above-mentioned pole piece contacts with battery container.
The percentage by weight ratio range of cathode size:
Negative material 85%~96%
Conductive agent 1%~5%
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) 2~5%
Butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR) 1%~5%
Battery cathode, barrier film and positive pole are reeled to superimposition, make the helical form battery, and the helical form battery is inserted battery container, and insulation board places the upper and lower surface of helical form battery, and anodal aluminium pole ears contacts with the battery aluminum cap, and negative pole nickel lug contacts with battery container.In battery container, inject electrolyte solution.Promptly get high-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery behind the forming and capacity dividing.
Electrolyte is by electrolyte and solvent composition, and wherein electrolyte can be lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF 6), trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium (LiCF 3SO 3), lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4) in one or more mixtures.Solvent can be a dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate, one or more mixtures in the propene carbonate.
The present invention comprise in order to the raw material of preparation lithium iron phosphate positive material that lithium source, source of iron, phosphorus source etc. all do not have especially and limit, can extensively select.
The anodal conductive agent of the present invention adopts carbon black, graphite, nano-aluminium oxide (Al 2O 3), Nano Silver (Ag), nano silicon (SiO 2) in one or more mixtures, guaranteed that battery can heavy-current discharge, particularly add the certain amount of nano alundum (Al in conductive carbon black and graphite, electrical conductance and ions diffusion performance improve greatly, thereby cause the high-rate battery discharge performance effectively to improve.
The present invention adopts at plus plate current-collecting body and tiltedly draws the aluminium net; Cooperate one or more mixtures that adopt in positive electrode binding agent acrylic acid-styrene polymer, acrylic acid-silicon-oxygen polymer, cinnamic acrylic ester polymer, styrene-butadiene polymer, butadiene-acrylonitrile polymer or the acrylic polymer; Adopt vertical two-sided blade coating technology, efficiently solve, simplified technical process because the shortcoming of positive electrode apparent density and tap density processing on the low side and difficult makes pole piece apply than being easier to and realizes.
The method for preparing ferric phosphate lithium cell of the present invention has following outstanding feature:
(1) the raw material wide material sources of Shi Yonging, low price, cost is low, and substitute is many.
(2) technology of the present invention simply, control easily and operate, fail safe and good stability are easily realized industrial-scale production.
(3) battery of the present invention has good electrochemical and processing characteristics.
(4) battery structure of the present invention is stable, and is better with the electrolyte compatibility, has the good performance that recycles.
(5) battery of the present invention by adding nano-substance, has successfully solved the problem of the ions diffusion aspect of performance deficiency of LiFePO4 in preparation process.
The lithium ion battery that the present invention produced can be widely used in comprising the various consuming devices of electric automobile, battery-operated motor cycle, electric bicycle, electronic toy, digital camera, video camera, notebook computer, mobile phone, intelligent chip etc.
Description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1 tiltedly draws aluminium web frame schematic diagram for plus plate current-collecting body of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is a battery structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the different current discharge curves of embodiment 1 preparation .D type battery.
Accompanying drawing 4. is that embodiment 1 preparation .D type battery 1C charges and discharge cycle life.
Accompanying drawing 5 is the different current discharge curves of embodiment 2 preparation D type batteries.
Accompanying drawing 6. is that embodiment 2 preparation D type battery 1C charge and discharge cycle life.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described in further details,
As shown in Figure 1, plus plate current-collecting body of the present invention is tiltedly to draw the aluminium net, be by aluminum steel be compiled into be parallel to each other intersect tiltedly draw in the net thickness 0.10-0.15mm, percent opening: 20--40 hole/cm 2, the aperture 0.2-0.5mm that net forms.
As shown in Figure 2, it comprises housing 1 the present invention, positive plate 2, negative plate 3, barrier film 4, anodal aluminium pole ears 5, negative pole nickel lug 6, insulation spacer 7, insulation spacer 8, battery Aluminum cover 9, cell cover cap 10, negative pole 3 in order, barrier film 4, anodal 2, barrier film 4, negative pole 3, barrier film 4, positive pole 2 to folded, is wound into helical form with pole piece, glues with adhesive tape, during the battery that glues adhesive tape pack into metal battery shell 1 along long limit, insulation spacer 7,8 place the upper and lower surface of helical form battery, and anodal aluminium pole ears 5 contacts with battery Aluminum cover 9, and negative pole nickel lug 6 contacts with battery container 1.
For the present invention further more clearly is described, be example with D type battery, its high-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery and manufacture craft detailed process thereof are as follows:
1, positive pole: in order to guarantee in the each several part component the uniformity that each material mixes and the uniformity of granular size size, the material of different component is at first needed to mix dispersion.LiFePO4, carbon black, graphite mixed grinding, dry premix, make anodal powder.With the aqueous solution of mixed anodal powder and acrylic polymer (F103), make slurry, the percentage by weight ratio range of solid active material:
LiFePO4 (LiFePO4) 67%~90%
Carbon black (Super-P) 5%~10%
Graphite (KS-6) 0%~10%
Alundum (Al (Al 2O 3) 0~3%
Acrylic polymer (F103) 5%~10%.
Adopt vertical double spread technology that slurry is coated on the two sides of aluminium net, after 80-150 ℃ of following drying, roll-in, forming thickness after roll-in is the pole piece of 200 μ, its compacted density is 2.2g/cm 3, obtain anode pole piece.
2, negative pole: native graphite or mesocarbon particulate (MCMB), carbon black mixed grinding, oven dry premix, make the negative pole powder.Mixed negative pole powder is mixed with the aqueous solution binding agent of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, butadiene-styrene rubber, makes slurry, the percentage by weight ratio range of negative pole solid active material:
Native graphite 85%~96%
Carbon black 1%~5%
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 2~5%
Butadiene-styrene rubber 1~5%
Slurry is coated on the two sides of Copper Foil equably, after 80-150 ℃ of following drying, roll-in, forming thickness after roll-in is the pole piece of 120 μ, its compacted density is 1.6g/cm 3, obtain negative plate.
3, above-mentioned positive and negative plate is reduced, concrete size is as follows:
Anode pole piece 2 sizes (mm): 700 * 51 * 0.20
Cathode pole piece 3 sizes (mm): 740 * 52 * 0.12
Barrier film 4 sizes (mm): 1500 * 54 * 0.025
4, in order negative pole 3, barrier film 4, anodal 2, barrier film 4, negative pole 3, barrier film 4, anodal 2 with pole piece to folded, be wound into helical form, glue with adhesive tape, pack the battery that glues adhesive tape into metal battery shell 1 along long limit, insulation spacer 7,8 places the upper and lower surface of helical form battery.As shown in Figure 2.
5, this battery is welded the back 90 ℃ of vacuumizes 24 hours through lug, wherein anodal aluminium pole ears 5 contacts with battery aluminum cap 9, and negative pole nickel lug 6 contacts with battery container 1.As shown in Figure 2.
6, dried battery liquid-filling, electrolyte are LiPF 6-ethylene carbonate (EC)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC)/propylene carbonate ester (PC) (volume ratio 1: 0.8: 0.2), injection rate is 2-3g/500mAh, changes into after the encapsulation to obtain D type lithium iron phosphate dynamic battery.
Embodiment 1
1, LiFePO4 (85%), carbon black (5%), graphite (5%) mixed grinding, dry premix, make the positive powder art.The deionized water of mixed anodal powder with acrylic polymer (5%) (F103 binding agent) mixed, make slurry, viscosity is between 6000~9000mPaS, slurry is coated on the two sides of tiltedly drawing the aluminium net, after 110 ℃ of following dryings, roll-in, forming thickness after roll-in is the pole piece of 200 μ, its compacted density is 2.2g/cm 3, obtain anode pole piece.
2, native graphite (93%) mixes with the deionized water that contains sodium carboxymethylcellulose (2%), butadiene-styrene rubber (5%) binding agent, make slurry, viscosity is between 3000~5000mPaS, slurry is coated on equably the two sides of Copper Foil, after 120 ℃ of following dryings, roll-in, forming thickness after roll-in is the pole piece of 120 μ, its compacted density is 1.6g/cm 3, obtain negative plate.Above-mentioned positive and negative plate is reduced.
Concrete size is as follows:
Anode pole piece size (mm): 700 * 51 * 0.20
Cathode pole piece size (mm): 740 * 52 * 0.12
Diaphragm size (mm): 1500 * 54 * 0.025
4, in order negative pole, barrier film, positive pole, barrier film, negative pole, barrier film, anodal with pole piece to folded, be wound into the helical form battery, this battery is welded the back 90 ℃ of vacuumizes 24 hours through lug, and wherein anodal aluminium pole ears contacts with the battery aluminum cap, and negative pole nickel lug contacts with battery container.
5, dried battery liquid-filling, electrolyte are LiPF 6-ethylene carbonate (EC)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC)/propylene carbonate ester (PC) (volume ratio 1: 0.8: 0.2), injection rate are 15 grams, change into after the encapsulation and obtain D type lithium iron phosphate dynamic battery.
After testing, charging/discharging voltage is 2.0-3.8V, with the 1C discharge, and discharge platform 3.2V, about battery capacity 3500mAh, 450 capability retentions that circulate are 92.3%.Battery can be emitted 90.3% of capacity with the 10C discharge
As shown in Figure 3, embodiment 1 is the different current discharge curves of .D type battery.
As shown in Figure 4, embodiment 1 is that .D type battery 1C charges and discharge cycle life.
Embodiment 2
As step and operation prepare assembled battery as described in implementing 1, unique different be anodal, pressing the mixed of LiFePO4 (82%), carbon black (5%), graphite (5%), nano-aluminium oxide (3%) grinds, the anodal powder of making mixes with the deionized water of acrylic polymer (5%) (F103 binding agent), makes slurry.
After testing, charging/discharging voltage is 2.0-3.8V, with the 1C discharge, and discharge platform 3.2V, about battery capacity 3200mAh, 400 capability retentions that circulate are 93.8%.Battery can be emitted 91.2% of capacity with the 10C discharge.
As shown in Figure 5, the different current discharge curves of embodiment 2 preparation .D type batteries.
As shown in Figure 6, embodiment 2 preparations. be that .D type battery 1C charges and discharge cycle life.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of high-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery, it comprises housing, positive plate, negative plate, barrier film, electrolyte, wherein positive plate and negative plate are made up of the positive and negative electrode collector of same size and the active material that is coated on the positive and negative electrode collector respectively, it is characterized in that plus plate current-collecting body adopts tiltedly draws the aluminium net, and conductive agent is selected carbon black, graphite, nanometer Al for use 2O 3, nanometer Ag, nanometer SiO 2In one or more mixtures, the positive electrode binding agent is selected one or more mixtures in acrylic acid-styrene polymer, acrylic acid-silicon-oxygen polymer, cinnamic acrylic ester polymer, styrene-butadiene polymer, butadiene-acrylonitrile polymer or the acrylic polymer for use, and positive electrode is selected the LiFePO4 Li that adopts through ion doping for use 1-xM xFePO 4, M is Co, Mn, Mg, Cr, Ti, Mo, Nd, Ni one of them, 0≤X≤0.1.
2, high-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that
The percentage by weight proportioning of anode sizing agent:
Positive electrode 67%~90%
Conductive agent 0%~13%
Acrylic polymer 5%~10%,
The percentage by weight proportioning of cathode size:
Negative material 85%~96%
Conductive agent 1%~5%
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 2~5%
Butadiene-styrene rubber 1%~5%.
3, high-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that battery cathode sheet comprises graphite, conductive agent and negative pole metal collector, and negative material is selected native graphite for use, MCMB, one or more mixtures in the polymer charcoal.
4, high-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the battery cathode conductive agent selects one or more mixtures in carbon black, the graphite for use, the negative material binding agent is selected one or more mixtures in sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the butadiene-styrene rubber binding agent for use.
5, high-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that plus plate current-collecting body is tiltedly to draw the aluminium net, be by aluminum steel be compiled into be parallel to each other intersect tiltedly draw in the net thickness 0.10-0.15mm, percent opening 20--40 hole/cm 2, the aperture 0.2-0.5mm that net forms.
6, a kind of high-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery manufacture craft, after the aqueous solution form slurry of positive electrode, conductive agent and acrylic polymer binder, on metal collector, apply, after 80-150 ℃ of following drying, forming thickness after roll-in is the pole piece of 150-250 μ, and its compacted density is 1.8-2.5g/cm 3, above-mentioned positive plate contacts with the block of battery,
The aqueous solution form slurry of negative material, conductive agent and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, butadiene-styrene rubber binding agent, on metal collector, be coated with, after 80-150 ℃ of following drying, forming thickness after roll-in is the pole piece of 80-160 μ, its compacted density 1.3~1.8g/cm 3, above-mentioned pole piece contacts with battery container,
Battery cathode, barrier film and positive pole are reeled to superimposition, make the helical form battery, and the helical form battery is inserted battery container, and insulation board places the upper and lower surface of helical form battery, and anodal aluminium pole ears contacts with battery cap, and negative pole nickel lug contacts with battery container.In battery container, inject electrolyte solution, promptly get high-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery behind the forming and capacity dividing,
It is characterized in that plus plate current-collecting body adopts tiltedly draws the aluminium net, and conductive agent is selected carbon black, graphite, nanometer Al for use 2O 3, nanometer Ag, nanometer SiO 2In one or more mixtures, the positive electrode binding agent is selected one or more mixtures in acrylic acid-styrene polymer, acrylic acid-silicon-oxygen polymer, cinnamic acrylic ester polymer, styrene-butadiene polymer, butadiene-acrylonitrile polymer or the acrylic polymer for use, and positive electrode adopts the LiFePO4 Li through ion doping 1-xM xFePO 4, M is Co, Mn, Mg, Cr, Ti, Mo, Nd, Ni one of them, 0≤X≤0.1.
7, high-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery manufacture craft according to claim 6 is characterized in that
The percentage by weight proportioning of anode sizing agent:
Positive electrode 67%~90%
Conductive agent 0%~13%
Acrylic polymer 5%~10%.
The percentage by weight proportioning of cathode size:
Negative material 85%~96%
Conductive agent 1%~5%
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 2~5%
Butadiene-styrene rubber 1%~5%.
8, high-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery manufacture craft according to claim 6, after it is characterized in that positive electrode, binding agent acrylic copolymer and conductive agent mixed slurry, vertical two-sided blade coating on metal collector, coating temperature is 100-150 ℃, coating speed: 2-5 rice/minute, after the drying, forming thickness after roll-in is the pole piece of 150-250 μ, and its compacted density is 1.8-2.5g/cm 3
CNA2006101223680A 2006-09-25 2006-09-25 High-powered lithium ferric phosphate dynamic battery, and preparation technique Pending CN1960040A (en)

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